US3895201A - Contact arrangement for a high-voltage circuit breaker - Google Patents
Contact arrangement for a high-voltage circuit breaker Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3895201A US3895201A US376942A US37694273A US3895201A US 3895201 A US3895201 A US 3895201A US 376942 A US376942 A US 376942A US 37694273 A US37694273 A US 37694273A US 3895201 A US3895201 A US 3895201A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- contact
- graphite electrode
- arrangement
- pieces
- copper
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- SBYXRAKIOMOBFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tungsten Chemical compound [Cu].[W] SBYXRAKIOMOBFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 polytetrafluorethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000508725 Elymus repens Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910018503 SF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007770 graphite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- SFZCNBIFKDRMGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur hexafluoride Chemical compound FS(F)(F)(F)(F)F SFZCNBIFKDRMGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000909 sulfur hexafluoride Drugs 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/7015—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/7015—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts
- H01H33/7076—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts characterised by the use of special materials
Definitions
- a contact arrangement for a high-voltage switching apparatus includes hollow contact pieces across which a switching member of the switching apparatus is movable to electrically join and separate the contact pieces.
- the contact pieces are mutually adjacent so as 7 Claims, 7 brawing Figures l; l ///V// illi/11111111111.
- a contact arrangement for pressurized-gas circuit breakers wherein the power switching gap consists of two coaxial tubular nozzles which are arranged at a fixed distance from each other and are provided with slots. Through the radial slots in the nozzle-shaped switching contacts, a magnetic force is exerted on the arc and drives the are into the interior of the hollow contacts; this force being in addition to the gas flow developed during the breaker-opening operation.
- the slots in the end-faces of the tubular nozzles can limit the current-carrying capacity of the contacts in a detrimental manner and require expensive manufacturing procedures.
- the invention relates to a contact arrangement for a pressurized gas-insulated high-voltage switching apparatus, and in particular, a high-voltage power circuit breaker.
- the contact arrangement can, for example, include two hollow contact pieces which in the closed position of the apparatus are connected with each other.
- the contact pieces have respective end-faces which define a gap when the breaker is in the open position.
- the contact pieces carry respective annular metallic members of arc-resistant material. In such a configuration, the arc drawn between the annular members is blasted at the beginning of the electrical separation by the pressurized gas in such a manner that the arc is driven into the interior of the contact pieces.
- the foregoing object is achieved by the arrangement that the contact member and the annular member surround an annular graphite electrode, which is connected with the contact member in an electrically conducting manner.
- the difference in the conductivity of the contact member, which as a rule consists of copper, and the graphite electrode is utilized for a current loop which drives the arc into the interior of the contact piece.
- This current loop arises because of the are which sets on the graphite electrode and is driven toward the axis of the electrode because the current tends to flow at all times along the shortest path to the surrounding hollow contact member in order to keep the voltage drop within the graphite electrode small.
- the graphite electrode is connected with the contact member in the vicinity of the endface.
- the electrical connection of the graphite electrode in the area of the end-face of the contact piece there is obtained an enhancement of the loop formation,
- This loop formation can be aided further by the provision that the graphite electrode is sup ported by the contact member with the interposition of a layer of insulating material therebetween, this layer being arranged so as to extend up to the region of the end-face of the contact piece.
- insulation material polytetrafluoroethylene is especially to be considered.
- the contact piece can include a copper tube and can be provided with an annular member of tungsten-copper.
- the copper tube and the annular member can be advantageously joined on the inner side by a steel tube which carries the graphite electrode.
- the steel tube forms here a mounting for the graphite electrode which is advantageous for mechanical reasons.
- the contact piece consists of a steel tube with an outer copper layer.
- a high-voltage circuit breaker can be provided with a contact arrangement wherein the hollow contact pieces are arranged so as to be stationary and. in the breaker-closed position, these contact pieces are electrically joined at their outer surfaces by a movable bridging contact member.
- the contact piece and the annular member surround the nozzle-shaped graphite electrode and the graphite electrode therefore does not project from the end-face of the hollow contact piece, the advantage is obtained that the surfaces of the contact fingers of the movable bridging contact member which glide over the outer surfaces of the contact pieces are protected from contamination by the graphite material.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram partially in section of the pertinent portion of the switching chamber of a high-voltage power circuit breaker of the compressedgas type. This view shows the contact pieces in outline. The left half of the diagram shows the bridging contact member in the open position and the right half shows the bridging member in the closed position.
- FIGS. 2 to 4 each show a longitudinal half-section of a preferred embodiment of one of the contact pieces of the contact arrangement according to the invention.
- FIG. illustrates another embodiment of the invention wherein the contact arrangement is provided with an intermediate layer of insulating material.
- FIG. 6 illustrates another embodiment of the contact arrangement of the invention wherein the contact piece is provided with a steel tube.
- FIG. 7 illustrates still another embodiment of the contact arrangement according to the invention wherein the contact piece of FIG. 6 is provided additionally with an intermediate layer of insulating material.
- the high-voltage power circuit breaker according to FIG. 1 is constructed as a pressurized-gas circuit breaker. As shown schematically in FIG. 1 in a crosssection, the breaker includes a switching chamber 1 for example, as a porcelain tube. The interior 2 is filled with a gas as the quenching and insulating medium, particularly with sulfur hexafluoride. In the interior 2, two contact pieces 3 and 4 are arranged on a common axis so as to be mutually adjacent and thereby define with their respective end-faces 5 a gap 6.
- the circuit breaker In the closed position of the breaker shown to the right of the center line 7, the two contact pieces 3 and 4 are connected with each other in an electrically conducting manner; whereas, to the left of the center line 7, the breaker is shown in its open position.
- the circuit breaker here assumes a position wherein the bridging contact member 8 frees the gap 6.
- the contact pieces 3, 4 are made hollow to direct away the switching gases.
- FIGS. 2 to 4 a part of a contact piece 3 and/or 4 is schematically shown in a half-cross section.
- the contact piece 3, 4 consists of a hollow contact member 9, which is provided in the region of the end-face 5 with an annular, metallic member of arc-resistant material such as tungsten-copper for example.
- the contact member 9 and the annular member 10 surround and embrace a nozzleshaped graphite electrode 11 which directs away the hot switching gases produced in the interruption process and guides the are 12.
- the are occurring during the interruption process sets down at the end-face on the graphite electrode 11 and is forced to form a loop because of the large difference in conductivity between the contact member 9 made of copper and the electrode 11 made of graphite; under the influence of the magnetic field generated, this loop exerts an inwardly directed force on the arc.
- the foot point of the arc travels into the interior of the graphite electrode 11, the course of current flow in the graphite electrode also changes, so that a more pronounced contour is imparted to the loop in FIG. 3. In this manner, the arc 12 is driven into a position shown in FIG. 4 in which it can be quenched most readily.
- FIG. 5 shows a somewhat different embodiment of the contact 3, 4 wherein the graphite electrode 11 is supported by the contact member 9 with the interposition of a layer of insulating material 13.
- the layer 13 may consist, for example, of polytetrafluorethylene. Because of the fact that in this embodiment the graphite electrode 11 is in electrical contact with the contact member 9 only at the end-face, the loop effect of the current and thereby the magnetic blast can be increased in the phase of the arc development corresponding to FIG. 4.
- the contact member 9 consists of copper tubing which is provided with an annular member 10 of tungsten-copper.
- the graphite electrode 11 may be advantageous to surround with a steel tube 14 as a mounting prior to insertion into the contact member 9.
- the steel tube 14 carries the graphite electrode 11 and engages it preferably with a friction fit.
- the steel tube can be pressed into the contact member 9.
- the direction of the arc in the embodiment according to FIG. 6 corresponds to the direction of the arc in the contact piece according to FIGS. 2 to 4.
- FIG. 7 illustrates a further embodiment of a contact piece 3 and/or 4, wherein the graphite electrode is surrounded by a steel tube 14 with a friction fit and with the interposition of an insulating layer 13.
- the tube 14 is in turn connected with the contact 9 consisting of copper.
- the contact member be made of a steel tube and be provided with an outer copper layer.
- the copper layer in this embodiment replaces the copper tube 9 and the steel tube serves as the carrier for the annular member 10 consisting of tungsten-copper.
- a contact arrangement for a high-voltage switching apparatus of the compressed-gas type such as a power circuit breaker or the like having a switching member movable between open and closed positions, the contact arrangement comprising: two hollow contact pieces across which the switching member is movable to electrically join the contact pieces in the closed position and to electrically separate the contact pieces in the open position, said contact pieces having respective end-faces and being mutually adjacent so as to cause said end-faces to define a gap when the switching member is moved to the open position, at least one of said contact pieces including a contact member having an end-portion at the region of said end-face of said one contact piece, a metallic annular member made of arc-resistant material supportably mounted on said contact member at said end-portion thereof, and a nozzle-shaped graphite electrode electrically joined to said contact member, said contact member and said annular metal member conjointly surrounding and embracing said graphite electrode.
- the contact arrangement of claim 1 comprising a layer of insulating material disposed intermediate said graphite electrode and said contact member, said layer extending up to the region of said end-face so as to cause said graphite electrode to be electrically joined to said contact member only at said region of said endface.
- contact member being a copper tube, said metallic annular 6 member being supportably mounted on said copper surface; said graphite electrode being supportably tube and being made of tungsten-copper. mounted i id Steel tube 7.
- contact member consisting of a steel tube having an outer layer
Landscapes
- Circuit Breakers (AREA)
- Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2234067A DE2234067C3 (de) | 1972-07-07 | 1972-07-07 | Kontaktsystem für druckgasisolierte Hochspannungsschaltgeräte |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3895201A true US3895201A (en) | 1975-07-15 |
Family
ID=5850346
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US376942A Expired - Lifetime US3895201A (en) | 1972-07-07 | 1973-07-06 | Contact arrangement for a high-voltage circuit breaker |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3895201A (de) |
| JP (1) | JPS5414755B2 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE2234067C3 (de) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4109125A (en) * | 1975-05-28 | 1978-08-22 | Bbc Brown, Boveri & Company Limited | Contact arrangement for an electric arc-electrode consisting of graphite and a method for the manufacture thereof |
| US4256940A (en) * | 1977-03-24 | 1981-03-17 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Gas-blast type circuit interrupter |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2624595C3 (de) * | 1976-05-28 | 1980-01-10 | Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen | Kontaktanordnung für Druckgasschalter |
| DE2626245C3 (de) * | 1976-06-10 | 1982-12-09 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Kontaktanordnung für Druckgasschalter |
| DE2847808C2 (de) * | 1978-11-02 | 1986-04-10 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Kontaktanordnung für Druckgasschalter |
| DE8029069U1 (de) * | 1980-10-30 | 1988-05-26 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Druckgasschalter |
| DE3138216C2 (de) * | 1981-09-22 | 1986-05-28 | Ernst Prof. Dr.techn.habil. 1000 Berlin Slamecka | Lichtbogenschaltstück für eine Hochspannungs-Druckgasschaltkammer |
| DE3209968A1 (de) * | 1982-03-18 | 1983-09-29 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Druckgasschalter |
| DE3922991A1 (de) * | 1988-07-14 | 1990-01-18 | Siemens Ag | Elektrischer druckgasschalter |
| DE4028421A1 (de) * | 1990-09-04 | 1992-03-05 | Siemens Ag | Druckgasisolierter hochspannungsschalter |
| DE4212740C2 (de) * | 1992-04-16 | 1997-02-27 | Asea Brown Boveri | Hochspannungsschalter |
| DE102018222782A1 (de) * | 2018-12-21 | 2020-06-25 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Doppeldüsenschalter und Verfahren zum Schalten hoher Ströme in der Hochspannungstechnik |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2365132A (en) * | 1941-09-25 | 1944-12-12 | Reyrolle A & Co Ltd | Electric circuit breaker of the gas-blast type |
| US2364981A (en) * | 1942-05-16 | 1944-12-12 | Allis Chalmers Mfg Co | Electric circuit breaker and method of operating the same |
| US3211869A (en) * | 1961-02-24 | 1965-10-12 | English Electric Co Ltd | Gas-blast electric circuit-breaker having contact fingers biased against auxiliary contact after disengagement from throat contact |
| US3789175A (en) * | 1972-02-22 | 1974-01-29 | Siemens Ag | Electric compressed-gas circuit breaker |
-
1972
- 1972-07-07 DE DE2234067A patent/DE2234067C3/de not_active Expired
-
1973
- 1973-07-06 JP JP7643273A patent/JPS5414755B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1973-07-06 US US376942A patent/US3895201A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2365132A (en) * | 1941-09-25 | 1944-12-12 | Reyrolle A & Co Ltd | Electric circuit breaker of the gas-blast type |
| US2364981A (en) * | 1942-05-16 | 1944-12-12 | Allis Chalmers Mfg Co | Electric circuit breaker and method of operating the same |
| US3211869A (en) * | 1961-02-24 | 1965-10-12 | English Electric Co Ltd | Gas-blast electric circuit-breaker having contact fingers biased against auxiliary contact after disengagement from throat contact |
| US3789175A (en) * | 1972-02-22 | 1974-01-29 | Siemens Ag | Electric compressed-gas circuit breaker |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4109125A (en) * | 1975-05-28 | 1978-08-22 | Bbc Brown, Boveri & Company Limited | Contact arrangement for an electric arc-electrode consisting of graphite and a method for the manufacture thereof |
| US4256940A (en) * | 1977-03-24 | 1981-03-17 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Gas-blast type circuit interrupter |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE2234067A1 (de) | 1974-01-17 |
| DE2234067B2 (de) | 1979-10-31 |
| JPS4944266A (de) | 1974-04-25 |
| JPS5414755B2 (de) | 1979-06-09 |
| DE2234067C3 (de) | 1982-06-16 |
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