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US3892393A - Lance tip - Google Patents

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Publication number
US3892393A
US3892393A US330289A US33028973A US3892393A US 3892393 A US3892393 A US 3892393A US 330289 A US330289 A US 330289A US 33028973 A US33028973 A US 33028973A US 3892393 A US3892393 A US 3892393A
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Prior art keywords
lance
oxygen
deflecting
delivery tube
conical
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Expired - Lifetime
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US330289A
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John T Carroll
Nathan G Harris
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/46—Details or accessories
    • C21C5/4606—Lances or injectors

Definitions

  • 34 LM, m 3 F 266/41 manufacturing process Includes means for deflecting the oxygen flow Issuing from the lance, heat absorp- [56] Reierences Ci'ed tion means formed with the means for deflecting the oxygen flow, and heat absorption means associated UNITED STATES PATENTS with the circulating fluid disposed within the lance Berry 1 L
  • the present invention obviates the burning of the 3,322,419 5/1967 Smith et al. H 266/34 L hfletofore known lance tips 3,334,885 8/1967 Taylor .1 266/34 L 3,337,203 8/1967 Smith et al.
  • the present invention pertains to steel manufacturing processes and equipment. More particularly, the present invention pertains to oxygen steel-making processes and equipment. Even more particularly, the present invention pertains to lance tips for oxygen lances used in oxygen steel making processes.
  • a jet of oxygen is blown at high pressure through a tube onto the surface of molten iron in a converter-type vessel.
  • This tube is generally denoted in the trade as a lance.
  • the present invention seeks to obviate this drawback in the prior art by providing a lance tip having an inherently longer useful time and therefore does not require such constant replacement.
  • an oxygen lance is provided with a lance tip comprising means for deflecting the oxygen issuing from the lance and means for absorbing the heat generated about the lance tip.
  • the means for deflecting the oxygen generally comprises a conical shaped member which is insertable within the lance and rigidly secured to the interior walls thereof. Proximate the apex the conical member is formed from any suitable steel. The remainder of the conical member is formed from copper.
  • the present lance tip further includes heat absorption means which are fixedly secured to the lance at the lower most end thereof.
  • the heat absorption means and the conical member define the lance tip hereof.
  • the conical member be provided with heat absorption means disposed around the periphery thereof and which cooperates with the other heat absorption means to prevent burn out of the lance tip.
  • FIG. I is a side elevation view, part in section, of a steel crucible deploying the oxygen lance
  • FIG. 2 is a side view, part in section, of the lance tip of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view along the line 33 of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view along the line 4-4 of FIG. 2.
  • the present invention pertains to oxygen steel making processes.
  • a lance comprises an elongated tube member connected at one end to a source of oxygen under pressure.
  • fluid circulation means which acts to cool the lance.
  • the fluid circulation means generally employs water as the cooling fluid. In essence, therefore, the lance comprises the water circulation means circumferentially disposed about the oxygen delivery tube.
  • FIG. 1 there is depicted therein the above-defined general process to which the present invention pertains.
  • a crucible 10 containing molten pig iron 12.
  • a lance 14 has oxygen issuing therefrom at the end 16 of the lance 14. It is at the end 16 in which the lance tip, generally indicated at 18, is deployed.
  • the lance tip 18 of the present invention generally includes means for deflecting the oxygen issuing from the lance and denoted by the numeral 20.
  • the lance tip further includes means 22 which absorb the heat generated about the lance end I6.
  • the means 22 extends between the outer wall 24 of the lance and the oxygen delivery tube 26 disposed within the lance 14.
  • the means for absorbing heat 22, such as ribs 23, are rigidly secured between the outer wall 24 and the oxygen delivery tube 26 by any suitable means such as welding, and the like. Because of its intended purpose in absorbing heat, the means 22 is preferably formed from copper.
  • a plurality of ribs 22 are circumferentially disposed about the end [6 of the lance l4, and as shown in FIG. 4.
  • the means 22 have the heat absorbed thereby absorbed by circulating fluid (not shown) which circulates within conduits 28 and 30 disposed within the lance 14.
  • the fluid flows in the direction of the arrows as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the fluid is water.
  • the means 20 for deflecting the oxygen issuing from the end I6 generally comprises any suitable member 32 capable of deflecting the oxygen issuing from the end I6 from about 8 to 15 and preferably from about 8 to about I2".
  • the member 32 is substantially disposed within the interior of the oxygen delivery tube 26 and is rigidly fixed thereto.
  • the member 32 preferably comprises a conical member having its base 34 substantially co-planar with the end I6.
  • the apex 36 extends and is disposed vertically upward from the base.
  • a plurality of spacers 38 disposed proximate the apex 36 extend between the periphery of the member 32 and the interior wall of the tube 26.
  • the spacers 38 have one end thereof rigidly affixed to the member 32 and their other end rigidly affixed to the interior wall of the tube 26 thereby providing rigid connection between the member 32 and the delivery tube 26.
  • the spacers can be rigidly fixed at their respective ends to the member 32 and the tube 26 such as by welding or the like to provide the innerconnection.
  • the area proximate the apex of the member be formed of any suitable steel while the area proximate the base be formed of copper for heat transfer purposes.
  • the member 32 be provided with a plurality of projections 40 which extend from the apex to the base about the periphery of the member 32.
  • the projections which are preferably formed of copper, further provide means for dissipating or absorbing the heat generated about the lance tip.
  • the lance tip of the present invention affords a means whereby the heat generated about the lance tip is dissipated such that no burnout occurs thereat.
  • the heretofore known devices, as hereinbefore noted because of their construction with minute orifices and the like are generally caused to burn out by the tremendous heat generated at the lance tip over a very short time period. Because there are no orifices or the like, and by the further provision of means for absorbing the heat. this prior art problem is now overcome.
  • an oxygen lance of the type comprising an oxygen delivery tube having fluid circulation means circumferencially disposed therearound, a lance tip therefor, comprising in combination:
  • Central means for deflecting the oxygen issuing from said lance, said means for deflecting the oxygen being affixed to said oxygen delivery tube, said means for deflecting the oxygen having a plurality of means for absorbing heat therefrom disposed about the periphery thereof and being formed therewith;
  • At least one rib for absorbing the heat generated about the end of said lance.
  • said rib being disposed within and extending from the outer wall of said fluid circulation means to said oxygen delivery tube;
  • said means for deflecting the oxygen comprises a conical member and the area proximate the apex of the conical member is formed from steel and the area proximate the base of the conical member is formed from copper.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)

Abstract

A lance tip for use with an oxygen lance in a steel manufacturing process includes means for deflecting the oxygen flow issuing from the lance, heat absorption means formed with the means for deflecting the oxygen flow, and heat absorption means associated with the circulating fluid disposed within the lance. The present invention obviates the burning of the heretofore known lance tips.

Description

United States Patent Carroll et al. July 1, 1975 [5 1 LANCE TIP 3,346.190 10/1967 Shepherd 1, 266/34 L 3,350,080 10 I967 M 266 34 L [75] Inventors: John T. Carroll, New Boston; amen Nathan G. Harris, Wyandotte, both FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLlCATlONS 0f Michv 45-32323 10/1970 Japan 266/34 L I I l,0O9.327 ll/l965 United Kingdom 1. [73] Assignee. John T. Carroll, N6 Boston, M1ch, 995,688 6/1965 United Kingdom u 266/34 L [22] Filed: Feb. 7, i973 Primary ExaminerGerald A. Dost [2]] Appl 330289 Attorney, Agent, or Firmlrving M. Weiner [52] U.S. Cl 266/34 L- 57 ABSTRACT {5i} Int. Cl. C2lc 7/00 A l f h l I [581 Field 61 Search... 239/132.3; 266/34 L. 34 LM, m 3 F 266/41 manufacturing process Includes means for deflecting the oxygen flow Issuing from the lance, heat absorp- [56] Reierences Ci'ed tion means formed with the means for deflecting the oxygen flow, and heat absorption means associated UNITED STATES PATENTS with the circulating fluid disposed within the lance Berry 1 L The present invention obviates the burning of the 3,322,419 5/1967 Smith et al. H 266/34 L hfletofore known lance tips 3,334,885 8/1967 Taylor .1 266/34 L 3,337,203 8/1967 Smith et al. 266/34 L 2 Claims, 4 Drawing Figures PBiTEHTFRJuu LANCE TIP BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention pertains to steel manufacturing processes and equipment. More particularly, the present invention pertains to oxygen steel-making processes and equipment. Even more particularly, the present invention pertains to lance tips for oxygen lances used in oxygen steel making processes.
2. Prior Art In recent years the application of pure oxygen in steel refining processes has lead to the emergence of new steel making processes. Generally, such processes include the use of almost pure oxygen which is blown onto the molten pig iron.
In the process under consideration herein a jet of oxygen is blown at high pressure through a tube onto the surface of molten iron in a converter-type vessel. This tube is generally denoted in the trade as a lance.
At the lower most end of the tube there is generally provided a lance tip from which oxygen issues out onto the surface of the molten pig iron.
Heretofore known lance tips have generally been deficient in one major regard. Because of the high temperatures associated with the refining processes, the tip has a tendency to burn thereby requiring almost constant replacement. This results in a plurality of disadvantages, such as down time, loss of useful production time, and the like.
The present invention, on the other hand, seeks to obviate this drawback in the prior art by providing a lance tip having an inherently longer useful time and therefore does not require such constant replacement.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In accordance with the present invention an oxygen lance is provided with a lance tip comprising means for deflecting the oxygen issuing from the lance and means for absorbing the heat generated about the lance tip.
The means for deflecting the oxygen generally comprises a conical shaped member which is insertable within the lance and rigidly secured to the interior walls thereof. Proximate the apex the conical member is formed from any suitable steel. The remainder of the conical member is formed from copper.
The present lance tip further includes heat absorption means which are fixedly secured to the lance at the lower most end thereof.
The heat absorption means and the conical member define the lance tip hereof.
It is further contemplated that the conical member be provided with heat absorption means disposed around the periphery thereof and which cooperates with the other heat absorption means to prevent burn out of the lance tip.
For a more complete understanding of the present invention reference is made to the following detailed description and accompanying drawing. In the drawing like reference characters refer to like parts throughout the several views in which:
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING FIG. I is a side elevation view, part in section, of a steel crucible deploying the oxygen lance;
FIG. 2 is a side view, part in section, of the lance tip of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view along the line 33 of FIG. 2; and
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view along the line 4-4 of FIG. 2.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS As hereinbefore noted the present invention pertains to oxygen steel making processes. Generally speaking, such processes provide for a crucible which contains therein molten pig iron. In refining molten pig iron oxygen is delivered thereto through a lance. As is generally known in the art, a lance comprises an elongated tube member connected at one end to a source of oxygen under pressure. Circumferentially disposed around the oxygen tube is fluid circulation means which acts to cool the lance. The fluid circulation means generally employs water as the cooling fluid. In essence, therefore, the lance comprises the water circulation means circumferentially disposed about the oxygen delivery tube.
Now, with reference to the drawing, and in particular FIG. 1, there is depicted therein the above-defined general process to which the present invention pertains. As shown therein, a crucible 10 containing molten pig iron 12. A lance 14 has oxygen issuing therefrom at the end 16 of the lance 14. It is at the end 16 in which the lance tip, generally indicated at 18, is deployed.
Referring now to FIGS. 2 through 4, there is shown therein the lance tip 18 of the present invention. The lance tip generally includes means for deflecting the oxygen issuing from the lance and denoted by the numeral 20. The lance tip further includes means 22 which absorb the heat generated about the lance end I6. The means 22 extends between the outer wall 24 of the lance and the oxygen delivery tube 26 disposed within the lance 14. The means for absorbing heat 22, such as ribs 23, are rigidly secured between the outer wall 24 and the oxygen delivery tube 26 by any suitable means such as welding, and the like. Because of its intended purpose in absorbing heat, the means 22 is preferably formed from copper. Preferably a plurality of ribs 22 are circumferentially disposed about the end [6 of the lance l4, and as shown in FIG. 4.
The means 22 have the heat absorbed thereby absorbed by circulating fluid (not shown) which circulates within conduits 28 and 30 disposed within the lance 14. The fluid flows in the direction of the arrows as shown in FIG. 2. Generally the fluid is water. Thus, by the disposition of the ribs and the circulating fluid the temperature at the end of the tube is maintained at a minimal level.
The means 20 for deflecting the oxygen issuing from the end I6 generally comprises any suitable member 32 capable of deflecting the oxygen issuing from the end I6 from about 8 to 15 and preferably from about 8 to about I2". The member 32 is substantially disposed within the interior of the oxygen delivery tube 26 and is rigidly fixed thereto.
As shown in FIG. 2, the member 32 preferably comprises a conical member having its base 34 substantially co-planar with the end I6. The apex 36 extends and is disposed vertically upward from the base.
A plurality of spacers 38 disposed proximate the apex 36 extend between the periphery of the member 32 and the interior wall of the tube 26. The spacers 38 have one end thereof rigidly affixed to the member 32 and their other end rigidly affixed to the interior wall of the tube 26 thereby providing rigid connection between the member 32 and the delivery tube 26. The spacers can be rigidly fixed at their respective ends to the member 32 and the tube 26 such as by welding or the like to provide the innerconnection.
It is generally contemplated by the present invention that the area proximate the apex of the member be formed of any suitable steel while the area proximate the base be formed of copper for heat transfer purposes.
It is also within the scope of the present invention that the member 32 be provided with a plurality of projections 40 which extend from the apex to the base about the periphery of the member 32. The projections, which are preferably formed of copper, further provide means for dissipating or absorbing the heat generated about the lance tip.
The lance tip of the present invention affords a means whereby the heat generated about the lance tip is dissipated such that no burnout occurs thereat. The heretofore known devices, as hereinbefore noted, because of their construction with minute orifices and the like are generally caused to burn out by the tremendous heat generated at the lance tip over a very short time period. Because there are no orifices or the like, and by the further provision of means for absorbing the heat. this prior art problem is now overcome.
We claim:
1. In an oxygen lance of the type comprising an oxygen delivery tube having fluid circulation means circumferencially disposed therearound, a lance tip therefor, comprising in combination:
Central means for deflecting the oxygen issuing from said lance, said means for deflecting the oxygen being affixed to said oxygen delivery tube, said means for deflecting the oxygen having a plurality of means for absorbing heat therefrom disposed about the periphery thereof and being formed therewith;
at least one rib for absorbing the heat generated about the end of said lance. said rib being disposed within and extending from the outer wall of said fluid circulation means to said oxygen delivery tube; and
said means for deflecting the oxygen comprises a conical member and the area proximate the apex of the conical member is formed from steel and the area proximate the base of the conical member is formed from copper.
2. The lance tip of claim I wherein the conical angle is from between 8 to 15 and the conical member is affixed to the oxygen delivery tube interiorly thereof.

Claims (2)

1. IN AN OXYGEN LANCE OF THE TYPE COMPRISING OXYGEN DELIVERY TUBE HAVING FLUID CIRCULATION MEANS CIRCUMFERENCIALLY DISPOSED THEREAROUND, A LANCE TIP THEREFOR, COMPRISING IN COMBINATION: CENTRAL MEANS FOR DEFLECTING THE OXYGEN ISSUING FROM SAID LANCE, SAID MEANS FOR DEFLECTING THE OXYGEN BEING AFFIXED TO SAID OXYGEN DELIVERY TUBE, SAID MEANS FOR DEFLECTING THE OXYGEN HAVING A PLURALITY OF MEANS FOR ABSORBING HEAT THEREFROM DISPOSED ABOUT THE PERIPHERY THEREOF AND BEING FORMED THEREWITH, AT LEAST ONE RIB FOR ABSORBING THE HEAT GENERATED ABOUT THE END OF SAID LANCE, SAID RIB BEING DISPOSED WITHIN AND EXTENDING FROM THE OUTER WALL OF SAID FLUID CIRCULATION MEANS TO SAID OXYGEN DELIVERY TUBE, AND MEMBER AND THE AREA PROXIMATE THE APEX OF TH CONICAL MEMBER IS FORMED FRM STEEL AND THE AREA PROXIMATE THE BASE OF THE CONICAL MEMBER IS FORMED FROM COPPER. SAID MEANS FOR DEFLECTING THE OXYGEN COMPRISES A CONICAL
2. The lance tip of claim 1 wherein the conical angle is from between 8* to 15* and the conical member is affixed to the oxygen delivery tube interiorly thereof.
US330289A 1973-02-07 1973-02-07 Lance tip Expired - Lifetime US3892393A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4022447A (en) * 1976-02-23 1977-05-10 United States Steel Corporation Supersonic nozzle for submerged tuyere oxygen steelmaking process
JP2008190854A (en) * 2006-12-15 2008-08-21 Technological Resources Pty Ltd Apparatus for injecting gas into vessel

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3201104A (en) * 1962-08-21 1965-08-17 Walter V Berry Oxygen lance for subsurface use
US3322419A (en) * 1964-12-24 1967-05-30 Union Carbide Corp Oxygen jet devices
US3334885A (en) * 1964-11-12 1967-08-08 Armco Steel Corp Oxygen lance with continuous wide angle conical oxygen jet
US3337203A (en) * 1964-12-24 1967-08-22 Union Carbide Corp Oxygen lances
US3346190A (en) * 1964-07-23 1967-10-10 Nat Steel Corp Apparatus and method for supplying gas to a high-temperature process
US3350080A (en) * 1963-06-22 1967-10-31 Manton Douglas Norman Oxygen lance with helical cooling coil

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3201104A (en) * 1962-08-21 1965-08-17 Walter V Berry Oxygen lance for subsurface use
US3350080A (en) * 1963-06-22 1967-10-31 Manton Douglas Norman Oxygen lance with helical cooling coil
US3346190A (en) * 1964-07-23 1967-10-10 Nat Steel Corp Apparatus and method for supplying gas to a high-temperature process
US3334885A (en) * 1964-11-12 1967-08-08 Armco Steel Corp Oxygen lance with continuous wide angle conical oxygen jet
US3322419A (en) * 1964-12-24 1967-05-30 Union Carbide Corp Oxygen jet devices
US3337203A (en) * 1964-12-24 1967-08-22 Union Carbide Corp Oxygen lances

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4022447A (en) * 1976-02-23 1977-05-10 United States Steel Corporation Supersonic nozzle for submerged tuyere oxygen steelmaking process
JP2008190854A (en) * 2006-12-15 2008-08-21 Technological Resources Pty Ltd Apparatus for injecting gas into vessel
US20110068522A1 (en) * 2006-12-15 2011-03-24 Tierney Eric Apparatus for injecting gas into a vessel
US8012409B2 (en) 2006-12-15 2011-09-06 Technological Resources Pty. Limited Apparatus for injecting gas into a vessel
AU2007254584B2 (en) * 2006-12-15 2011-11-10 Technological Resources Pty. Limited Apparatus for injecting gas into a vessel
EP1944381A3 (en) * 2006-12-15 2012-01-25 Technological Resources Pty. Ltd. Apparatus for injecting gas into a vessel
US8454888B2 (en) 2006-12-15 2013-06-04 Technological Resources Pty. Limited Apparatus for injecting gas into a vessel

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