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US3712393A - Method of drilling - Google Patents

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US3712393A
US3712393A US00108170A US3712393DA US3712393A US 3712393 A US3712393 A US 3712393A US 00108170 A US00108170 A US 00108170A US 3712393D A US3712393D A US 3712393DA US 3712393 A US3712393 A US 3712393A
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weight percent
composition
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drilling
drilling fluid
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US00108170A
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D Sheldahl
J Striegler
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Atlantic Richfield Co
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Atlantic Richfield Co
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
    • C09K8/02—Well-drilling compositions
    • C09K8/03—Specific additives for general use in well-drilling compositions
    • C09K8/035—Organic additives

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A A composition and method for preventing catastrophic vibration of a drill string during slim hole drilling wherein there is employed an additive com- [52] U.S. Cl ..l75/65, 252/85 C, 252/85 P [51] Int. Cl. ..E2lb 21/04 [58] Field of Search 755 ⁇ /6g;% posed of sulfurized lard oil, mineral oil, and
  • the rig used is lighter thereby allowing for more economical movement of the rig from one drilling location to another, particularly inaccessible locations.
  • This invention therefore relates to a composition useful in a well drilling fluid and a rotary drilling method, particularly a slim hole drilling method.
  • the lard oil used in the composition of this invention can be present in amounts of at least about 40, preferably from about 40 to about 80, weight percent, the mineral oil in amounts of at least about 10, preferably from about 10 to about 50, weight percent, and the halogenated paraffin in amounts of at least about 1, preferably from about 1 to about 20, weight percent.
  • Substantially any lard oil can be employed in any sulfurization process, a particularly desirable material being that which has a gravity (degrees API) of from about 9.5 to about 12, a viscosity (SUS at 210 F) of from about 360 to about 600, and at least about 10.5 weight percent sulfur based on the weight of the lard oil.
  • a gravity degrees API
  • SUS at 210 F viscosity
  • Substantially any mineral oil can be employed, a particularly useful oil being that having a gravity (degrees API) of from about 22 to about 25, a saybolt viscosity at F of from about 55 to about 60, and a pour point, F, maximum of about 50.
  • halogenated paraffin can be employed, the paraffin containing one or more of the halogens, i.e., chlorine, bromine, iodine, and fluorine, preferably chlorine.
  • a particularly suitable material is chlorinated paraffin having a specific gravity (60/60 F) of from about 1.16 to about 1.20, from about 40 to about 46 weight percent chlorine based on the weight of the chlorinated paraffin, a viscosity (SUS at 210 F) of from about to about 280, and substantially no free chlorine.
  • THe composition of this invention can be formed by blending the three components in any desired order with one another at sub-ambient, ambient, or superambient temperatures and pressures until a substantially homogeneous mixture is obtained.
  • Suitable properties for the final composition can be a gravity (API) of from about 11.5 to about 12.5, a viscosity (SUS at 100 F) of from about 1300 to about 1500, at least about 5 weight percent, preferably at least about 6 weight percent, total sulfur, and at least about 3 weight percent, preferably at least about 3.5 weight percent, total halogen.
  • API gravity
  • SUS at 100 F viscosity
  • the maximum amounts of sulfur and halogen are dictated only by practical considerations such as how much sulfur the particular lard oil used can be made to pick up in the particular sulfurization process used.
  • composition of this invention can be included in the composition of this invention, e. g., corrosion inhibitors, wear inhibitors, oxidation stabilizers, odor stabilizers, and the like. Two or more of these materials can be employed as desired.
  • Corrosion inhibitors can be used in amounts which vary widely but generally in an effective corrosion inhibiting amount. These materials include alkali metal sulfonates and alkaline earth metal sulfonates such as sodium sulfonate and calcium sulfonate, particularly overbased calcium sulfonate. Efiective wear inhibiting amounts of at least one of monothiophosphates and polythiophosphates (2 to 10 sulfuratons) of zinc, cadmium, tin, iron, cobalt, nickel, vanadium, chromium, manganese, molybdenum, tungsten, titanium, and zirconium, can be employed, particularly zinc dithiophosphate. These additives can each be employed in an amount of from about 1 to about 30 weight percent and can be incorporated before, during, or after mixing of the other components.
  • the composition of this invention is normally employed in the drilling fluid utilized in the drilling operation. lt has been found that whether a drilling fluid is susceptible to catastrophic vibration during high speed rotation is related to the scar width value obtained by subjecting the drilling fluid to a scar width test as hereinafter defined. The smaller the scar width, the greater the lubricity of the drilling fluid and, therefore, the less there is of a likelihood of catastrophic vibration while utilizing the drilling fluid in a high speed operation. Thus, the more the scar width value of a given drilling fluid can be decreased, the more likely it is that a drilling operation can be carried out with that drilling fluid without encountering catastrophic vibration.
  • composition of this invention when added to a drilling fluid, be it a water base (salt water or fresh water) or an oil base or invert drilling fluid, can substantially reduce the scar width value of the drilling fluid below the scar width value of that drilling fluid when it does not contain the composition of this invention.
  • the composition of this invention is employed in the drilling fluid in an amount effective to substantially reduce the scar width value of the drilling fluid and generally the scar width value is reduced by at least about 0.01 of an inch. This is a substantial decrease in scar width and indicates a substantial increase in lubricity and an ability to prevent catastrophic vibration of drill pipe during high speed rotation, particularly in a small diameter wellbore.
  • the amount of composition of this invention which is employed will vary widely. Generally, at least about 0.1, preferably from about 0.2 to about 10, weight percent of the composition is employed in the drilling fluid and can be incorporated in the drilling fluid by mixing at sub-ambient, ambient, or super-ambient conditions of temperature and pressure until a substantially homogeneous mixture is obtained.
  • a scar width value for drilling fluid is obtained using an EP Mud Tester model 211 which is available commercially from the Baroid Division of the National Lead Company.
  • This tester is designed to measure the lubricating properties of drilling fluids by mounting a hardened steel test cup (Rockwell C scale hardness of 58-62) on a rotating shaft and forcing a steel wear block (Rockwell C scale hardness of 58-62) against the test cup with a predetermined load while the test cup and wear block are immersed in the drilling fluid being tested.
  • the load is applied with a torque am that is operatively connected to the wear block, the torque arm containing a torque gauge calibrated in inch pounds.
  • the friction load is read on an ammeter scale indicating the electrical current consumption of the driving motor.
  • the motor is run at 1400 rpm which amounts to a surface velocity of the test cup of 507 feet per minute, the test cup diameter being 1.378 inches. Each test cup is used only once and a fresh spot is selected on the wear block for each run.
  • EXAMPLE A composition according to this invention was formed by blending 32 weight percent naphthenic mineral oil available commercially as Sintex Pale Oil and having the physical properties of API gravity of 22 to 25, and saybolt viscosity at F of 55 to 60; 60 weight percent sulfurized lard oil commercially available as Union Base and having the physical properties API gravity of 9.5 to 11.5, viscosity (SUS at 210 F) of 360 to 450, no less than 10.5 weight percent total sulfur based on the lard oil; and 8 weight percent chlorinated paraffin commercially available as Paroil 142 having the properties of specific gravity (GO/60 F) of 1.16 to 1.20; 40 to 46 weight percent chlorine based on the chlorinated paraffin, viscosity (SUS at 210 F) of to 280, and no free chlorine.
  • the composition was formed by adding the components in the above listed order to a blending kettle and mixing same for 1 hour at temperatures in the range of from to F.
  • a drilling fluid composition was made up by mixing 350 cubic centimeters (350 grams) of distilled water and 14 to 15 grams of bentonite at ambient conditions of temperature and pressure until a homogeneous mixture was obtained.
  • the combination of water and bentonite in the above amounts constituted the volume of drilling fluid employed in each scar width test for each composition discussed hereinbelow.
  • the mixture of drilling fluid and additive was then tested for its scar width in the manner disclosed hereinabove, keeping the friction load during each 20 second test at 3 amps.
  • IDF. plus 6 gm invention composition us 1 0 weight Na Sulfonate & 2 weight 0.03 water 1? DR plus 6 gm invention composition us verbased Ca sulfonate 0.025
  • composition of this invention decreased the scar width of the drilling fluid even below that obtained with commercially available additives and therefore increased the lubricity of the drilling fluid and also increased the ability of the drilling fluid to prevent catastrophic vibration during drilling over what can presently be achieved with commercially available additives.
  • a drilling fluid containing a composition consisting essentially of at least about 40 weight percent sulfurized lard oil, at least about 10 weight percent mineral oil, and at least about 1 weight percent halogenated paraffin, said composition containing greater than 2 weight percent total halogen and greater than 5 weight percent total sulfur, said composition being employed in an amount effective to substantially reduce the scar width value of the drilling fluid below the scar width value of the drilling fluid when not containing said composition.
  • composition has a gravity (APl) of from about 11.5 to about 12.5, a viscosity (SUS at 100 F) of from about 1300 to about 1500, at least about 5 weight percent total sulfur, and at least about 3 weight percent total chlorine.
  • APl gravity
  • SUS at 100 F viscosity
  • a method according to claim 1 wherein said amount of said composition is at least about 0.1 weight percent based on the total weight of said drilling fluid.
  • said lard oil is present in an amount of from about 40 to about weight percent
  • said mineral oil is present in an amount of from about 10 to about 50 weight percent
  • said paraffin is chlorinated and is present in an amount of from about 1 to about 20 weight percent.
  • said mineral oil is a naphthenic oil which has a gravity (API) of from about 22 to about 25, and a Saybolt viscosity F) of from about 55 to about 60
  • said lard oil has a gravity (AP1) of from about 9.5 to about 11.5, a viscosity (SUS at 210 F) of from about 360 to about 450, and at least about 10.5 weight percent sulfur based on the weight of the lard oil
  • said paraffin is chlorinated and has a specific gravity (60/60 F) of from about 1.16 to about 1.20, from about 40 to about 46 weight percent chlorine based on the weight of the chlorinated paraffin, a viscosity (SUS at 210 F) of from about to about 280, and substantially no free chlorine.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

A composition and method for preventing catastrophic vibration of a drill string during slim hole drilling wherein there is employed an additive composed of sulfurized lard oil, mineral oil, and halogenated paraffin.

Description

ilnite States Patent 11 1 1111 3,712,393 Sheldahl et al. 1 Jan. 23, 1973 54 METHOD OF DRILLING 3,214,374 1'o/l9ss slmfieii .I .Liffiiiffi 3,372,112 3/1968 Parker Inventors! D393 i-d lidi z 399 2 3 1N; 3,635,294 1/1972 Faulk etal ..l75/65 46319; 161111 11. Striegler, Richardson, Tex. 75080 Primary ExaminerDavid H. Brown Att -Blh S.Th dRd'kW.M-
[73] Assignee: Atlantic Richfield C0., New York, 32 uc er arp an o enc ac [22] Filed: Jan. 20, 1971 21 Appl. No.: 108,170
57 ABSTRACT A A composition and method for preventing catastrophic vibration of a drill string during slim hole drilling wherein there is employed an additive com- [52] U.S. Cl ..l75/65, 252/85 C, 252/85 P [51] Int. Cl. ..E2lb 21/04 [58] Field of Search 755}/6g;% posed of sulfurized lard oil, mineral oil, and
' halogenated paraffin.
[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 9 Claims, No Drawing; I
2,773,030 12/1956 Tailleur ..252/8.5P
METHOD OF DRILLING BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Heretofore in rotary drilling a wellbore in the earth, the drilling bit and the drill string (drill pipe and drill collars) which supports the bit in the wellbore are both conventionally rotated at rates of from about 100 to about 250 rpm. Such drilling rigs, in the petroleum industry, generally drill boreholes having diameters of from about 8% to about 13% inches. Because of the drilling of deeper and deeper wellbores, etc. there is a need for drilling fluids of improved lubricity.
As an exploratory tool, it can be desirable to employ what is known as a slim hole drilling technique wherein the borehole has a diameter of up to about 6 inches, preferably from about 2 to about inches. With slim hole drilling it is desirable to use higher than conventional rotation rates for the bit. For example, rotation rates of at least 400 rpm and as high as 3000 rpm are desirably employed to achieve shorter drilling time.
By drilling small diameter boreholes with high rotation speeds, larger numbers of exploratory wells can be drilled more economically. In addition, the rig used is lighter thereby allowing for more economical movement of the rig from one drilling location to another, particularly inaccessible locations.
However, an omnipresent problem with the high rotation rates in a small diameter borehole has been what is termed catastrophic vibration of the drill pipe. At rotation rates of greater than 400 rpm the drill pipe tends to bounce from one side of the borehole to the other at a faster and faster rate until catastrophic transverse vibration sets in and results in failure of the drill pipe, usually by twisting off one section of drill pipe from an adjacent section of drill pipe at their coupling joint.
Thus, slim hole drilling using the most economical rotation rate for the drilling bit and pipe is not feasible unless catastrophic vibration during drilling is avoided.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It has now been found that improved drilling fluid lubricity is obtained and that catastrophic vibration during high speed rotation can be prevented by the use of a composition consisting essentially of sulfurized lard oil, mineral oil, and halogenated paraffin, the composition containing greater than 2 weight percent total halogen and greater than 5 weight percent total sulfur. As used herein, weight percent recitations are based upon the total weight of the composition unless otherwise specified.
This invention therefore relates to a composition useful in a well drilling fluid and a rotary drilling method, particularly a slim hole drilling method.
Accordingly, it is an object of this invention to provide a new and improved composition useful in a drilling fluid to increase the lubricity thereof. It is another object to provide a new and improved rotary drilling method. It is another object to provide a new and improved slim hole drilling method.
Other aspects, objects, and advantages of this invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure and the appended claims.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The lard oil used in the composition of this invention can be present in amounts of at least about 40, preferably from about 40 to about 80, weight percent, the mineral oil in amounts of at least about 10, preferably from about 10 to about 50, weight percent, and the halogenated paraffin in amounts of at least about 1, preferably from about 1 to about 20, weight percent.
Substantially any lard oil can be employed in any sulfurization process, a particularly desirable material being that which has a gravity (degrees API) of from about 9.5 to about 12, a viscosity (SUS at 210 F) of from about 360 to about 600, and at least about 10.5 weight percent sulfur based on the weight of the lard oil.
Substantially any mineral oil can be employed, a particularly useful oil being that having a gravity (degrees API) of from about 22 to about 25, a saybolt viscosity at F of from about 55 to about 60, and a pour point, F, maximum of about 50.
Substantially any halogenated paraffin can be employed, the paraffin containing one or more of the halogens, i.e., chlorine, bromine, iodine, and fluorine, preferably chlorine. A particularly suitable material is chlorinated paraffin having a specific gravity (60/60 F) of from about 1.16 to about 1.20, from about 40 to about 46 weight percent chlorine based on the weight of the chlorinated paraffin, a viscosity (SUS at 210 F) of from about to about 280, and substantially no free chlorine.
THe composition of this invention can be formed by blending the three components in any desired order with one another at sub-ambient, ambient, or superambient temperatures and pressures until a substantially homogeneous mixture is obtained. Suitable properties for the final composition can be a gravity (API) of from about 11.5 to about 12.5, a viscosity (SUS at 100 F) of from about 1300 to about 1500, at least about 5 weight percent, preferably at least about 6 weight percent, total sulfur, and at least about 3 weight percent, preferably at least about 3.5 weight percent, total halogen. The maximum amounts of sulfur and halogen are dictated only by practical considerations such as how much sulfur the particular lard oil used can be made to pick up in the particular sulfurization process used.
Other conventional materials can be included in the composition of this invention, e. g., corrosion inhibitors, wear inhibitors, oxidation stabilizers, odor stabilizers, and the like. Two or more of these materials can be employed as desired.
Corrosion inhibitors can be used in amounts which vary widely but generally in an effective corrosion inhibiting amount. These materials include alkali metal sulfonates and alkaline earth metal sulfonates such as sodium sulfonate and calcium sulfonate, particularly overbased calcium sulfonate. Efiective wear inhibiting amounts of at least one of monothiophosphates and polythiophosphates (2 to 10 sulfuratons) of zinc, cadmium, tin, iron, cobalt, nickel, vanadium, chromium, manganese, molybdenum, tungsten, titanium, and zirconium, can be employed, particularly zinc dithiophosphate. These additives can each be employed in an amount of from about 1 to about 30 weight percent and can be incorporated before, during, or after mixing of the other components.
The composition of this invention is normally employed in the drilling fluid utilized in the drilling operation. lt has been found that whether a drilling fluid is susceptible to catastrophic vibration during high speed rotation is related to the scar width value obtained by subjecting the drilling fluid to a scar width test as hereinafter defined. The smaller the scar width, the greater the lubricity of the drilling fluid and, therefore, the less there is of a likelihood of catastrophic vibration while utilizing the drilling fluid in a high speed operation. Thus, the more the scar width value of a given drilling fluid can be decreased, the more likely it is that a drilling operation can be carried out with that drilling fluid without encountering catastrophic vibration.
The composition of this invention, when added to a drilling fluid, be it a water base (salt water or fresh water) or an oil base or invert drilling fluid, can substantially reduce the scar width value of the drilling fluid below the scar width value of that drilling fluid when it does not contain the composition of this invention. Generally, the composition of this invention is employed in the drilling fluid in an amount effective to substantially reduce the scar width value of the drilling fluid and generally the scar width value is reduced by at least about 0.01 of an inch. This is a substantial decrease in scar width and indicates a substantial increase in lubricity and an ability to prevent catastrophic vibration of drill pipe during high speed rotation, particularly in a small diameter wellbore.
Depending upon the particular drilling apparatus employed, the method of operating that apparatus, the composition of the drilling fluid, the size and depth of the wellbore, and the like, the amount of composition of this invention which is employed will vary widely. Generally, at least about 0.1, preferably from about 0.2 to about 10, weight percent of the composition is employed in the drilling fluid and can be incorporated in the drilling fluid by mixing at sub-ambient, ambient, or super-ambient conditions of temperature and pressure until a substantially homogeneous mixture is obtained.
A scar width value for drilling fluid is obtained using an EP Mud Tester model 211 which is available commercially from the Baroid Division of the National Lead Company. This tester is designed to measure the lubricating properties of drilling fluids by mounting a hardened steel test cup (Rockwell C scale hardness of 58-62) on a rotating shaft and forcing a steel wear block (Rockwell C scale hardness of 58-62) against the test cup with a predetermined load while the test cup and wear block are immersed in the drilling fluid being tested. The load is applied with a torque am that is operatively connected to the wear block, the torque arm containing a torque gauge calibrated in inch pounds. The friction load is read on an ammeter scale indicating the electrical current consumption of the driving motor. The motor is run at 1400 rpm which amounts to a surface velocity of the test cup of 507 feet per minute, the test cup diameter being 1.378 inches. Each test cup is used only once and a fresh spot is selected on the wear block for each run.
In the actual test itself, a friction load corresponding to three amps is applied with the torque arm and the run continued for seconds holding the ammeter reading constant by increasing the load applied to the torque arm. The width of the scar formed on the wear block by the test cup is then measured and reported in inches. Each test is carried out under ambient conditions of temperature and pressure using sufficient drilling fluid to completely immerse the test cup.
It has been found that by employing the composition of this invention in the manner described hereinabove, substantially smaller scar widths are obtained with a given drilling fluid as compared to scar widths obtained by the use of commercially available extreme pressure (EP) lubricant additives.
All of the materials useful in the composition of this invention are available commercially and are wellknown in the art and therefore will not, for sake of brevity, be discussed in detail as to their source of availability or method of preparation.
EXAMPLE A composition according to this invention was formed by blending 32 weight percent naphthenic mineral oil available commercially as Sintex Pale Oil and having the physical properties of API gravity of 22 to 25, and saybolt viscosity at F of 55 to 60; 60 weight percent sulfurized lard oil commercially available as Union Base and having the physical properties API gravity of 9.5 to 11.5, viscosity (SUS at 210 F) of 360 to 450, no less than 10.5 weight percent total sulfur based on the lard oil; and 8 weight percent chlorinated paraffin commercially available as Paroil 142 having the properties of specific gravity (GO/60 F) of 1.16 to 1.20; 40 to 46 weight percent chlorine based on the chlorinated paraffin, viscosity (SUS at 210 F) of to 280, and no free chlorine. The composition was formed by adding the components in the above listed order to a blending kettle and mixing same for 1 hour at temperatures in the range of from to F.
A drilling fluid composition was made up by mixing 350 cubic centimeters (350 grams) of distilled water and 14 to 15 grams of bentonite at ambient conditions of temperature and pressure until a homogeneous mixture was obtained. The combination of water and bentonite in the above amounts constituted the volume of drilling fluid employed in each scar width test for each composition discussed hereinbelow.
Various additives were employed in a separate volume of the above drilling fluid by mixing the particular additive with the volume of drilling fluid at ambient conditions of temperature and pressure until a substantially homogeneous mixture was obtained.
The mixture of drilling fluid and additive was then tested for its scar width in the manner disclosed hereinabove, keeping the friction load during each 20 second test at 3 amps.
1n all 10 runs were made, one run being the drilling fluid with no additive, 4 runs being the drilling fluid with commercially available HP additives, and 5 runs being the drilling fluid with additives according to this invention. In run 1 the drilling fluid with no additive was employed. In runs 2 and 3 different amounts of a commercially available additive identified as crude tall oil containing 0.2 weight percent chlorine and 4.4 weight percent sulfur was employed. In runs 3 and 4 different amounts of a commercially available additive identified as coal tar having 1.7 weight percent chlorine and 4.9 weight percent sulfur was employed. Runs 6 and 7 employed different amounts of the composition of this invention. Run 8 employed the composition of this invention with the addition of 1 weight percent zinc dithiophosphate. Run 9 employed the composition of this invention with the addition of weight percent sodium sulfonate and 2 weight percent water. Run 10 employed the composition of this invention with the addition of weight percent overbased calcium sulfonate. The results are as shown in the following table:
Scar Width Run Inches 1 Drilling Fluid (D.F.) only 0.16 2 D.F. p us 4 gm commercial additive 0.04 3 BF. plus 8 gm commercial additive 0.028 4 DP. plus 4 gm commercial additive 0.04 5 BF. plus 8 gm commercial additive 0.03 6 DR plus 6 gm invention composition 0.02 7 D.F. plus 3 gm invention composition 0.025 8 D.F. plus 6 gm invention composition lus Zn dithiophosphate 0.03
IDF. plus 6 gm invention composition us 1 0 weight Na Sulfonate & 2 weight 0.03 water 1? DR plus 6 gm invention composition us verbased Ca sulfonate 0.025
It can be seen from the above data that the composition of this invention decreased the scar width of the drilling fluid even below that obtained with commercially available additives and therefore increased the lubricity of the drilling fluid and also increased the ability of the drilling fluid to prevent catastrophic vibration during drilling over what can presently be achieved with commercially available additives.
Reasonable variations and modifications are possible within the scope of this disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of this invention.
The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as follows:
1. in a rotary drilling method the improvement comprising employing a drilling fluid containing a composition consisting essentially of at least about 40 weight percent sulfurized lard oil, at least about 10 weight percent mineral oil, and at least about 1 weight percent halogenated paraffin, said composition containing greater than 2 weight percent total halogen and greater than 5 weight percent total sulfur, said composition being employed in an amount effective to substantially reduce the scar width value of the drilling fluid below the scar width value of the drilling fluid when not containing said composition.
2. A method according to claim 1 wherein said composition has a gravity (APl) of from about 11.5 to about 12.5, a viscosity (SUS at 100 F) of from about 1300 to about 1500, at least about 5 weight percent total sulfur, and at least about 3 weight percent total chlorine.
3. A method according to claim 1 wherein there is additionally present in said composition at least one of (1 an effective rust inhibiting amount of at least one of alkali metal sulfonates and alkaline earth metal sulfonates, and (2) an effective wear inhibiting amount of at least one of monoand polythiophosphates of Zn,
Cd Sn, Fe,Co Ni, V, Cr, Mn, Mo,W,Ti and Zr.
4. A method according to claim 1 wherein there IS additionally present in said composition at least one of Na sulfonate, Ca sulfonate, and Zn dithiophosphate, each being present in an amount in the range of from about 1 to about 30 weight percent.
5. A method according to claim 1 wherein said drilling method is a slim hole method wherein at least part of the drill string and drill bit are rotated at speeds of from about 400 up to at least about 3000 rpm in a small diameter wellbore.
6. A method according to claim 1 wherein said amount of said composition is at least about 0.1 weight percent based on the total weight of said drilling fluid.
7. A method according to claim 1 wherein said scar width value is reduced by at least about 0.01 of an inch.
8. A method according to claim 1 wherein said lard oil is present in an amount of from about 40 to about weight percent, said mineral oil is present in an amount of from about 10 to about 50 weight percent, and said paraffin is chlorinated and is present in an amount of from about 1 to about 20 weight percent.
9. A method according to claim 8 wherein said mineral oil is a naphthenic oil which has a gravity (API) of from about 22 to about 25, and a Saybolt viscosity F) of from about 55 to about 60, said lard oil has a gravity (AP1) of from about 9.5 to about 11.5, a viscosity (SUS at 210 F) of from about 360 to about 450, and at least about 10.5 weight percent sulfur based on the weight of the lard oil, said paraffin is chlorinated and has a specific gravity (60/60 F) of from about 1.16 to about 1.20, from about 40 to about 46 weight percent chlorine based on the weight of the chlorinated paraffin, a viscosity (SUS at 210 F) of from about to about 280, and substantially no free chlorine.

Claims (8)

  1. 2. A method according to claim 1 wherein said composition has a gravity (*API) of from about 11.5 to about 12.5, a viscosity (SUS at 100* F) of from about 1300 to about 1500, at least about 5 weight percent total sulfur, and at least about 3 weight percent total chlorine.
  2. 3. A method according to claim 1 wherein there is additionally present in said composition at least one of (1) an effective rust inhibiting amount of at least one of alkali metal sulfonates and alkaline earth metal sulfonates, and (2) an effective wear inhibiting amount of at least one of mono- and polythiophosphates of Zn, Cd, Sn, Fe, Co, Ni, V, Cr, Mn, Mo, W, Ti, and Zr.
  3. 4. A method according to claim 1 wherein there is additionally present in said composition at least one of Na sulfonate, Ca sulfonate, and Zn dithiophosphate, each being present in an amount in the range of from about 1 to about 30 weight percent.
  4. 5. A method according to claim 1 wherein said drilling method is a slim hole method wherein at least part of the drill string and drill bit are rotated at speeds of from about 400 up to at least about 3000 rpm in a small diameter wellbore.
  5. 6. A method according to claim 1 wherein said amount of said composition is at least about 0.1 weight percent based on the total weight of said drilling fluid.
  6. 7. A method according to claim 1 wherein said scar width value is reduced by at least about 0.01 of an inch.
  7. 8. A method according to claim 1 wherein said lard oil is present in an amount of from about 40 to about 80 weight percent, said mineral oil is present in an amount of from about 10 to about 50 weight percent, and said paraffin is chlorinated and is present in an amount of from about 1 to about 20 weight percent.
  8. 9. A method according to claim 8 wherein said mineral oil is a naphthenic oil which has a gravity (*API) of from about 22 to about 25, and a Saybolt viscosity (100* F) of from about 55 to about 60, said lard oil has a gravity (*API) of from about 9.5 to about 11.5, a viscosity (SUS at 210* F) of from about 360 to about 450, and at least about 10.5 weight percent sulfur based on the weight of the lard oil, said paraffin is chlorinated and has a specific gravity (60/60* F) of from about 1.16 to about 1.20, from about 40 to about 46 weight percent chlorine based on the weight of the chlorinated paraffin, a viscosity (SUS at 210* F) of from about 150 to about 280, and substantially no free chlorine.
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Cited By (37)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2521584A1 (en) * 1982-02-18 1983-08-19 Milchem Inc Non-polluting oil for offshore drilling fluids - with low toxicity to shrimps and low viscosity
FR2521582A1 (en) * 1982-02-18 1983-08-19 Milchem Inc Non-polluting oil for offshore drilling fluids - with low toxicity to shrimps and low viscosity
WO1983002950A1 (en) * 1982-02-18 1983-09-01 Richard Pawel Jachnik Drilling fluids and methods of using them
WO1983002951A1 (en) * 1982-02-18 1983-09-01 Richard Pawel Jachnik Drilling fluids and methods of using them
US4409108A (en) * 1980-06-02 1983-10-11 Halliburton Company Lubricating composition for well fluids
US4517100A (en) * 1983-02-07 1985-05-14 Witco Chemical Corporation Lubricating wellbore fluid and method of drilling
US5207953A (en) * 1991-11-27 1993-05-04 Trisol Inc. Fire retarded solvents
US5269632A (en) * 1992-10-22 1993-12-14 Shell Oil Company Method for strengthening the structural base of offshore structures
US5275511A (en) * 1992-10-22 1994-01-04 Shell Oil Company Method for installation of piles in offshore locations
US5277519A (en) * 1992-10-22 1994-01-11 Shell Oil Company Well drilling cuttings disposal
US5284513A (en) * 1992-10-22 1994-02-08 Shell Oil Co Cement slurry and cement compositions
US5285679A (en) * 1992-10-22 1994-02-15 Shell Oil Company Quantification of blast furnace slag in a slurry
US5301754A (en) * 1992-10-22 1994-04-12 Shell Oil Company Wellbore cementing with ionomer-blast furnace slag system
US5301752A (en) * 1992-10-22 1994-04-12 Shell Oil Company Drilling and cementing with phosphate-blast furnace slag
US5307877A (en) * 1992-10-22 1994-05-03 Shell Oil Company Wellbore sealing with two-component ionomeric system
US5307876A (en) * 1992-10-22 1994-05-03 Shell Oil Company Method to cement a wellbore in the presence of carbon dioxide
US5309997A (en) * 1992-10-22 1994-05-10 Shell Oil Company Well fluid for in-situ borehole repair
US5309999A (en) * 1992-10-22 1994-05-10 Shell Oil Company Cement slurry composition and method to cement wellbore casings in salt formations
US5311945A (en) * 1992-10-22 1994-05-17 Shell Oil Company Drilling and cementing with phosphate
US5311944A (en) * 1992-10-22 1994-05-17 Shell Oil Company Blast furnace slag blend in cement
US5314031A (en) * 1992-10-22 1994-05-24 Shell Oil Company Directional drilling plug
US5314022A (en) * 1992-10-22 1994-05-24 Shell Oil Company Dilution of drilling fluid in forming cement slurries
US5322124A (en) * 1992-10-22 1994-06-21 Shell Oil Company Squeeze cementing
US5325922A (en) * 1992-10-22 1994-07-05 Shell Oil Company Restoring lost circulation
US5332040A (en) * 1992-10-22 1994-07-26 Shell Oil Company Process to cement a casing in a wellbore
US5343952A (en) * 1992-10-22 1994-09-06 Shell Oil Company Cement plug for well abandonment
US5343951A (en) * 1992-10-22 1994-09-06 Shell Oil Company Drilling and cementing slim hole wells
US5343950A (en) * 1992-10-22 1994-09-06 Shell Oil Company Drilling and cementing extended reach boreholes
US5343947A (en) * 1992-10-22 1994-09-06 Shell Oil Company Anchor plug for open hole test tools
US5351759A (en) * 1992-10-22 1994-10-04 Shell Oil Company Slag-cement displacement by direct fluid contact
US5358049A (en) * 1992-10-22 1994-10-25 Shell Oil Company Conversion of emulsion mud to cement
US5379843A (en) * 1992-10-22 1995-01-10 Shell Oil Company Side-tracking cement plug
US5423379A (en) * 1989-12-27 1995-06-13 Shell Oil Company Solidification of water based muds
US5535834A (en) * 1994-09-02 1996-07-16 Champion Technologies, Inc. Method for reducing torque in downhole drilling
US5673753A (en) * 1989-12-27 1997-10-07 Shell Oil Company Solidification of water based muds
US5707940A (en) * 1995-06-07 1998-01-13 The Lubrizol Corporation Environmentally friendly water based drilling fluids
US5715896A (en) * 1994-09-02 1998-02-10 Champion Techologies, Inc. Method and composition for reducing torque in downhole drilling

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US3214374A (en) * 1961-10-26 1965-10-26 Magnet Cove Barium Corp Drilling fluids and compositions for preparing the same
US3372112A (en) * 1964-05-14 1968-03-05 Phillips Petroleum Co Drilling fluids having enhanced lubricating properties
US3635294A (en) * 1970-04-29 1972-01-18 Atlantic Richfield Co Drill pipe vibration control in rotary drilling

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US2773030A (en) * 1954-10-28 1956-12-04 Gulf Oil Corp Drilling muds
US3214374A (en) * 1961-10-26 1965-10-26 Magnet Cove Barium Corp Drilling fluids and compositions for preparing the same
US3372112A (en) * 1964-05-14 1968-03-05 Phillips Petroleum Co Drilling fluids having enhanced lubricating properties
US3635294A (en) * 1970-04-29 1972-01-18 Atlantic Richfield Co Drill pipe vibration control in rotary drilling

Cited By (37)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4409108A (en) * 1980-06-02 1983-10-11 Halliburton Company Lubricating composition for well fluids
FR2521584A1 (en) * 1982-02-18 1983-08-19 Milchem Inc Non-polluting oil for offshore drilling fluids - with low toxicity to shrimps and low viscosity
FR2521582A1 (en) * 1982-02-18 1983-08-19 Milchem Inc Non-polluting oil for offshore drilling fluids - with low toxicity to shrimps and low viscosity
WO1983002950A1 (en) * 1982-02-18 1983-09-01 Richard Pawel Jachnik Drilling fluids and methods of using them
WO1983002951A1 (en) * 1982-02-18 1983-09-01 Richard Pawel Jachnik Drilling fluids and methods of using them
US4517100A (en) * 1983-02-07 1985-05-14 Witco Chemical Corporation Lubricating wellbore fluid and method of drilling
US5673753A (en) * 1989-12-27 1997-10-07 Shell Oil Company Solidification of water based muds
US5423379A (en) * 1989-12-27 1995-06-13 Shell Oil Company Solidification of water based muds
US5207953A (en) * 1991-11-27 1993-05-04 Trisol Inc. Fire retarded solvents
US5311945A (en) * 1992-10-22 1994-05-17 Shell Oil Company Drilling and cementing with phosphate
US5322124A (en) * 1992-10-22 1994-06-21 Shell Oil Company Squeeze cementing
US5285679A (en) * 1992-10-22 1994-02-15 Shell Oil Company Quantification of blast furnace slag in a slurry
US5301754A (en) * 1992-10-22 1994-04-12 Shell Oil Company Wellbore cementing with ionomer-blast furnace slag system
US5301752A (en) * 1992-10-22 1994-04-12 Shell Oil Company Drilling and cementing with phosphate-blast furnace slag
US5307877A (en) * 1992-10-22 1994-05-03 Shell Oil Company Wellbore sealing with two-component ionomeric system
US5307876A (en) * 1992-10-22 1994-05-03 Shell Oil Company Method to cement a wellbore in the presence of carbon dioxide
US5309997A (en) * 1992-10-22 1994-05-10 Shell Oil Company Well fluid for in-situ borehole repair
US5309999A (en) * 1992-10-22 1994-05-10 Shell Oil Company Cement slurry composition and method to cement wellbore casings in salt formations
US5277519A (en) * 1992-10-22 1994-01-11 Shell Oil Company Well drilling cuttings disposal
US5311944A (en) * 1992-10-22 1994-05-17 Shell Oil Company Blast furnace slag blend in cement
US5314031A (en) * 1992-10-22 1994-05-24 Shell Oil Company Directional drilling plug
US5314022A (en) * 1992-10-22 1994-05-24 Shell Oil Company Dilution of drilling fluid in forming cement slurries
US5284513A (en) * 1992-10-22 1994-02-08 Shell Oil Co Cement slurry and cement compositions
US5325922A (en) * 1992-10-22 1994-07-05 Shell Oil Company Restoring lost circulation
US5332040A (en) * 1992-10-22 1994-07-26 Shell Oil Company Process to cement a casing in a wellbore
US5343952A (en) * 1992-10-22 1994-09-06 Shell Oil Company Cement plug for well abandonment
US5343951A (en) * 1992-10-22 1994-09-06 Shell Oil Company Drilling and cementing slim hole wells
US5343950A (en) * 1992-10-22 1994-09-06 Shell Oil Company Drilling and cementing extended reach boreholes
US5343947A (en) * 1992-10-22 1994-09-06 Shell Oil Company Anchor plug for open hole test tools
US5351759A (en) * 1992-10-22 1994-10-04 Shell Oil Company Slag-cement displacement by direct fluid contact
US5358049A (en) * 1992-10-22 1994-10-25 Shell Oil Company Conversion of emulsion mud to cement
US5379843A (en) * 1992-10-22 1995-01-10 Shell Oil Company Side-tracking cement plug
US5275511A (en) * 1992-10-22 1994-01-04 Shell Oil Company Method for installation of piles in offshore locations
US5269632A (en) * 1992-10-22 1993-12-14 Shell Oil Company Method for strengthening the structural base of offshore structures
US5535834A (en) * 1994-09-02 1996-07-16 Champion Technologies, Inc. Method for reducing torque in downhole drilling
US5715896A (en) * 1994-09-02 1998-02-10 Champion Techologies, Inc. Method and composition for reducing torque in downhole drilling
US5707940A (en) * 1995-06-07 1998-01-13 The Lubrizol Corporation Environmentally friendly water based drilling fluids

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