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US3711314A - Method of coating employing anionic wax emulsions - Google Patents

Method of coating employing anionic wax emulsions Download PDF

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US3711314A
US3711314A US00090483A US3711314DA US3711314A US 3711314 A US3711314 A US 3711314A US 00090483 A US00090483 A US 00090483A US 3711314D A US3711314D A US 3711314DA US 3711314 A US3711314 A US 3711314A
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Prior art keywords
wax
emulsion
coupling agent
anionic
coating
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US00090483A
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C Campbell
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Mobil Oil AS
ExxonMobil Oil Corp
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/02—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with hydrocarbons
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/51—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with sulfur, selenium, tellurium, polonium or compounds thereof
    • D06M11/55—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with sulfur, selenium, tellurium, polonium or compounds thereof with sulfur trioxide; with sulfuric acid or thiosulfuric acid or their salts
    • D06M11/57—Sulfates or thiosulfates of elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic Table, e.g. alums
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/285—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acid amides or imides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
    • D21H19/10—Coatings without pigments
    • D21H19/14—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12
    • D21H19/18—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12 comprising waxes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
    • D21H19/10—Coatings without pigments
    • D21H19/14—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12
    • D21H19/20—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12 comprising macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds

Definitions

  • a method for coating a surface comprises contacting surfaces with an anionic Wax emulsion; and thereafter contacting the wax emulsion deposited on the surface with a cationic coupling agent comprising a salt of a complex amine polymer whereby the wax particles in the emulsion are precipitated onto the surface.
  • a cationic coupling agent comprising a salt of a complex amine polymer whereby the wax particles in the emulsion are precipitated onto the surface.
  • This invention relates to a method for applying a coating and, in one of its aspects, relates more particularly to an improved method for applying wax particles onto a surface. Still more particularly, in this aspect, the invention relates to an improved method for the deposition of wax particles from anionic wax emulsions onto various surfaces, including articles of manufacture, plant surfaces and other forms of vegetation.
  • the sequence of first applying the anionic wax emulsion to the desired surface, followed by application of the cationic coupling agent, represents a critical condition of the coating procedure.
  • the wax emulsion and coupling agent are pre-mixed and the resulting mixture applied to the desired surface, there is obtained immediate and total precipitation of wax particles, resulting in the formation of undesirable globs and uneven wax deposits.
  • an even wax precipitation and distribution over the desired surface is obtained.
  • the desired surface can be initially coated with a minor amount of the coupling agent and, thereafter, following contact of the thus-treated surface with the wax emulsion, the latter is then contacted with the remaining portion of the coupling agent.
  • Such procedure can be successfully employed for facilitating attraction of the wax emulsion to the desired surface.
  • any conventional anionic wax emulsion may beemployed, from which wax particles are capable of being precipitated, and therefore may include wide varieties of anionic wax emulsions, well-known to those skilled in the art.
  • the deposition of the wax coating may be applied to any surface which is either anionic or cationic in nature and therefore may comprise a wide variety of articles of manufacture, plant surfaces and other forms of vegetation, including paper pulp, cotton cloth, wet process hardboard, wood and other forms of cellulosic materials.
  • this agent comprises a salt of a complex amine polymer which is capable of precipitating the wax particles of the emulsion onto the desired surface.
  • these salts include polyamine salts obtained by reacting a reduced polyacrylam'ide with a fatty acid, such as formic, acetic, propionic and higher acids.
  • a fatty acid such as formic, acetic, propionic and higher acids.
  • these salts are those obtained by the reaction of N-alkyl trimethylene diamines containing alkyl groups having at least 14 carbon atoms, with the aforementioned fatty acids.
  • the quantity of coupling agent employed is, preferably, that amount required for effecting precipitation of the desired amount of wax particles from the emulsion.
  • the coupling agent is elfectively em ployed in an amount from about 0.1 to about 30% and, preferably, from about 1 to about 5%, by weight, of the weight of the wax emulsion solids.
  • pulp slurry A 3% pulp slurry was prepared by (1) adding 60 grams of bleached sulphite pulp into 2 liters of distilled water and allowing the pulp to soak for a period of about 18 hours. The pulp was then disintegrated by employing Mixing of additives 222 ml. of pulp slurry was taken from the heater and placed into a 800 ml. beaker so that slow stirring (approximately 60 r.p.m.) could be maintained. The fiber solution was used as taken directly from the beater at the determined O.9% fiber solids ,(i.e., 1.96 grams of net pulp in 222 ml.)
  • Wax emulsion addition 1.4 ml. of anionic wax emulsion solution (based on wax emulsion volume) was added slowly by pipette with continuous stirring. The slurry thus contained 0.014 gram of wax solids (0.71% at 1.96 grams of net fiber weight). The solution was then stirred for a period of 6 minutes.
  • A12(SO4)3' was added slowly by pipette with continuous stirring.
  • the slurry thus contained 0.39 gram of alum (2% alum based on 1.96 grams of net fiber weight).
  • the solution was stirred for a period of 6.5 minutes.
  • the single handsheet was pressed on the Hermann sheet press for one minute at 50 p.s.i. diaphram pressure. Following pressing, the handsheet was dried for 10 minutes at 240 F., employing a photographers dryer.
  • Example 1 In accordance with Example 1, alum was added to the emulsion in such amount as to cause the pH to drop to a relatively low acid level (pH 4.5 Such addition, however, produced an undesirable high Cobb Test numerical rating of 207. Increasing the amount of alum, in Example 2, in order to obtain a satisfactory Cobb Test rating of 11, resulted, however, in further raising the acid level to an undesirable pH of 3.8 and also required a relatively large amount of wax emulsion.
  • the method for coating surfaces, of the present invention is useful for treatment of a wide variety of materials and substrates and for the manufacture of various articles in which coatings of anionic wax emulsions are required. While the invention has been sulphite pulp. The previously described anionic wax possessed a molecular weight above about 1 million and exhibited a pH value of 1.8 in a 1% aqueous solution.
  • a method for coating a surface which comprises: initially contacting said surface with a minor proportion of the amount of a polyamine salt required to precipitate wax particles from an anionic wax emulsion, obtained by reacting a reduced polyacrylarnide with a fatty acid, as a coupling agent; next contacting said treated surface with an anionic wax emulsion; thereafter contacting the resulting mixture with the remaining portion of said coupling agent, whereby wax particles in said emulsion are precipitated onto said surface, and thereafter drying the coating thus deposited, the minor proportion of the polyamine salt being at least about 0.1% by weightof the wax emulsion.
  • said coupling agent comprises a polyamine salt obtained by the reaction of an N-alkyl trimethylene diarnine, containing an alkyl group having at least 14 carbon atoms, with a fatty acid.
  • said coupling agent comprises a polyamine salt obtained by reacting a reduced polyacrylamide with acetic acid and having a molecular weight above about 1 million and exhibiting a pH value of 1.8 in a 1% aqueous solution.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)

Abstract

A METHOD FOR COATING A SURFACE IS PROVIDED WHICH COMPRISES CONTACTING SURFACES WITH AN ANIONIC WAX EMULSION; AND THEREAFTER CONTACTING THE WAX EMULSION DEPOSITED ON THE SURFACE WITH A CATIONIC COUPLING AGENT COMPRISING A SALT OF A COMPLEX AMINE POLYMER WHEREBY THE WAX PARTICLES IN THE EMULSION ARE PRECIPITATED ONTO THE SURFACE. ARTICLES OF MANUFACTURE HAVING SURFACES COATED BY THE ABOVE-DEFINED METHOD ARE ALSO PROVIDED.

Description

United States Patent METHOD OF COATING EMPLOYING ANIONIC WAX EMULSIONS Craig C. Campbell, Cherry Hill, N.J., assignor to Mobil Oil Corporation No Drawing. Filed Nov. 17, 1970, Ser. No. 90,483
Int. Cl. B44d 1/092 US. Cl. 11756 11 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A method for coating a surface is provided which comprises contacting surfaces with an anionic Wax emulsion; and thereafter contacting the wax emulsion deposited on the surface with a cationic coupling agent comprising a salt of a complex amine polymer whereby the wax particles in the emulsion are precipitated onto the surface. Articles of manufacture having surfaces coated by the above-defined method are also provided.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1) Field of the invention This invention relates to a method for applying a coating and, in one of its aspects, relates more particularly to an improved method for applying wax particles onto a surface. Still more particularly, in this aspect, the invention relates to an improved method for the deposition of wax particles from anionic wax emulsions onto various surfaces, including articles of manufacture, plant surfaces and other forms of vegetation.
(2) Description of the prior art Prior to the present invention, in order to precipitate and deposit wax particles, contained in anionic wax emulsions, in the form of external coatings or as internal sizing agents, onto various surfaces, it has been necessary to incorporate in such formulations rosin and alum, whose function was to act as precipitating agents. In addition, the presence of rosin and alum has not resulted in a neutral system. The importance of having a neutral system for deposition of wax particles is apparent from the fact that, for example, in the manufacture of coated cellulosic materials, such as paper, a neutral system makes possible improved paper gaging properties, reduction in corrosion of machinery parts, reduction in efiluent disposal problems and reduction or complete elimination of expensive optical whiteners. Hence, it is highly desirable to replace the rosin and alum components with a single substitnent and which would also provide a neutral system with all of the attendant economic and practical advantages.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It has now been found, as more fully hereinafter discussed, that surfaces can be effectively and economically coated with wax particles, by contacting these surfaces with an anionic wax emulsion, and thereafter contacting the wax emulsion deposited on the surface with a cationic coupling agent, comprising a salt of a complex amine polymer, whereby wax particles in the emulsion are precipitated onto the surface.
The use of the cationic coupling agent, in this manner, makes possible the replacement in whole, or in part, of the heretofore employed rosin and alum as precipitating agents, thereby resulting in a neutral system and affording all of the aforementioned advantages.
The sequence of first applying the anionic wax emulsion to the desired surface, followed by application of the cationic coupling agent, represents a critical condition of the coating procedure. Thus, it has been found that if the wax emulsion and coupling agent are pre-mixed and the resulting mixture applied to the desired surface, there is obtained immediate and total precipitation of wax particles, resulting in the formation of undesirable globs and uneven wax deposits. On the other hand, in following the procedure in accordance with the improved method of the present invention, an even wax precipitation and distribution over the desired surface is obtained. In this respect, 'in accordance with one modification of the invention, the desired surface can be initially coated with a minor amount of the coupling agent and, thereafter, following contact of the thus-treated surface with the wax emulsion, the latter is then contacted with the remaining portion of the coupling agent. Such procedure can be successfully employed for facilitating attraction of the wax emulsion to the desired surface.
In carrying out the coating procedure any conventional anionic wax emulsion may beemployed, from which wax particles are capable of being precipitated, and therefore may include wide varieties of anionic wax emulsions, well-known to those skilled in the art. Insofar as the surface to be coated is concerned, the deposition of the wax coating may be applied to any surface which is either anionic or cationic in nature and therefore may comprise a wide variety of articles of manufacture, plant surfaces and other forms of vegetation, including paper pulp, cotton cloth, wet process hardboard, wood and other forms of cellulosic materials.
Of special importance in carrying out the coating procedure of the present invention is the use of a cationic coupling agent. More specifically, this agent comprises a salt of a complex amine polymer which is capable of precipitating the wax particles of the emulsion onto the desired surface. Typical examples of these salts include polyamine salts obtained by reacting a reduced polyacrylam'ide with a fatty acid, such as formic, acetic, propionic and higher acids. Also exemplary of these salts are those obtained by the reaction of N-alkyl trimethylene diamines containing alkyl groups having at least 14 carbon atoms, with the aforementioned fatty acids.
The quantity of coupling agent employed is, preferably, that amount required for effecting precipitation of the desired amount of wax particles from the emulsion. For most purposes, the coupling agent is elfectively em ployed in an amount from about 0.1 to about 30% and, preferably, from about 1 to about 5%, by weight, of the weight of the wax emulsion solids.
DESCRIPTION OF SPECIFIC EMBODIMENTS The following examples and comparative data will serve to illustrate the novel method of the present invention for the coating of surfaces with anionic wax emulsions and the important results realized therefrom.
Preparation of pulp slurry A 3% pulp slurry was prepared by (1) adding 60 grams of bleached sulphite pulp into 2 liters of distilled water and allowing the pulp to soak for a period of about 18 hours. The pulp was then disintegrated by employing Mixing of additives 222 ml. of pulp slurry was taken from the heater and placed into a 800 ml. beaker so that slow stirring (approximately 60 r.p.m.) could be maintained. The fiber solution was used as taken directly from the beater at the determined O.9% fiber solids ,(i.e., 1.96 grams of net pulp in 222 ml.)
Wax emulsion addition 1.4 ml. of anionic wax emulsion solution (based on wax emulsion volume) was added slowly by pipette with continuous stirring. The slurry thus contained 0.014 gram of wax solids (0.71% at 1.96 grams of net fiber weight). The solution was then stirred for a period of 6 minutes.
Rosin addition 2.5 ml. (2.5 ml. of a fresh 1.0% rosin solution) was slowly added by pipette with continuous stirring. The slurry thus contained 0.25 gram of rosin solids (1.3% based on 1.96 grams of net fiber weight). The solution was stirred for a period of 6.5 minutes.
Alum addition 0.39 ml. of a fresh alum solution,
A12(SO4)3' was added slowly by pipette with continuous stirring. The slurry thus contained 0.39 gram of alum (2% alum based on 1.96 grams of net fiber weight). The solution was stirred for a period of 6.5 minutes.
Preparation of handsheet The above-described 222 ml. of pulp solution with additives was poured into a six inch diameter Hermann handsheet apparatus. The forming cylinder was filled to the proper volume and a handsheet was formed in accordance with TAPPI Method T205.
The single handsheet was pressed on the Hermann sheet press for one minute at 50 p.s.i. diaphram pressure. Following pressing, the handsheet was dried for 10 minutes at 240 F., employing a photographers dryer.
As shown in the following table, with parts expressed by weight, a series of paper handsheet tests was conducted employing gram batches of commercial bleached .(grams per square meter). Hence, a low numerical Cobb Test rating is highly desirable.
In accordance with Example 1, alum was added to the emulsion in such amount as to cause the pH to drop to a relatively low acid level (pH 4.5 Such addition, however, produced an undesirable high Cobb Test numerical rating of 207. Increasing the amount of alum, in Example 2, in order to obtain a satisfactory Cobb Test rating of 11, resulted, however, in further raising the acid level to an undesirable pH of 3.8 and also required a relatively large amount of wax emulsion.
In Examples 3 and 4, in order to obtain satisfactory Cobb Test ratings of 10 and 11, respectively, it was necessary to employ both alum and rosin.
On the other hand, as shown by Examples 5 and 6, cmploying small amounts of the cationic coupling agent, and in the absence of either alum or rosin, a satisfactory Cobb Test rating of 13 was obtained in each instance.
As hereinbefore indicated, the method for coating surfaces, of the present invention, is useful for treatment of a wide variety of materials and substrates and for the manufacture of various articles in which coatings of anionic wax emulsions are required. While the invention has been sulphite pulp. The previously described anionic wax possessed a molecular weight above about 1 million and exhibited a pH value of 1.8 in a 1% aqueous solution.
described with reference to prefered procedures, compositions and components therefor, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that departures from the preferred embodiments can be efiectively made and are within the scope of the invention.
I claim:
1. A method for coating a surface, which comprises: initially contacting said surface with a minor proportion of the amount of a polyamine salt required to precipitate wax particles from an anionic wax emulsion, obtained by reacting a reduced polyacrylarnide with a fatty acid, as a coupling agent; next contacting said treated surface with an anionic wax emulsion; thereafter contacting the resulting mixture with the remaining portion of said coupling agent, whereby wax particles in said emulsion are precipitated onto said surface, and thereafter drying the coating thus deposited, the minor proportion of the polyamine salt being at least about 0.1% by weightof the wax emulsion.
2. A method in accordance with claim 1, wherein said coupling agent is employed in an amount from about 0.1 to about 30%, by weight, based on the weight of the emulsion solids.
TABLE.-PAPER HANDSHEET TEST RESULTS Sizing treatment 2 Percent Coup- Original Emulling Final Sheet Cobb 3 Freeslurry, sion Rosin Alum agent slurry, wt., test Example Test ness pH solids solids solids solids pH grams result 1 Anionic wax emulsion and added alum to 4.5 pH 22 5 8 1 4. 5 2. 16 207 2-..- Anionic wax emulsion with increased alum to 3.8 pH...- 21 5. 8 3 3. 8 2. 14 11 3.. 24 5.8 .7 4.2 2.12 10 4 24 5. 8 7 4. 2 2. 11 11 5 22 5. 8 1 5. 6 2. 14 13 6.. 22 5. 8 1 5.6 2. 14 13 1 Used bleached sulfite pulp; 0.5% beater consistency in distilled water; handsheets formed in tap water. All sheets dried at 240 F./10 min. then placed in constant humidity room for 7-10 days before Cobb tests.
3 Solids calculated as a percent of oven dry fiber weight.
As will be seen from the foregoing table, the series of anionic wax emulsions of Examples 1 through 6 were evaluated for Cobb Test results. In this test a relatively high numerical rating denotes a large water pick-up Table: W t. percen 125/127 A.M.P. paratfin wax 5.0 Microcrystalline wax 0.0 Hydrofol acids (CM-C22 fatty organlcaclds) 3.5 Diethanolamine Water 3 Cobb test run for 1 min. using cc. of distilled water on 6 diameter handsheet. Each test result shown is an average of four individual handsheet tests.
4 Coupling agent applied as a 0.04% solution.
7 5 surface comprises paper pulp.
6. A method in accordance with claim 1, wherein said surface comprises cotton cloth.
7. A method in accordance with claim 1, wherein said surface comprises wet process hardboard.
8. A method in accordance with claim 1, wherein said surface comprises Wood.
9. A method in accordance with claim 1, wherein said surface comprises vegetation.
10. A method in accordance with claim 1, wherein said coupling agent comprises a polyamine salt obtained by the reaction of an N-alkyl trimethylene diarnine, containing an alkyl group having at least 14 carbon atoms, with a fatty acid.
11. A method in accordance with claim 1 wherein said coupling agent comprises a polyamine salt obtained by reacting a reduced polyacrylamide with acetic acid and having a molecular weight above about 1 million and exhibiting a pH value of 1.8 in a 1% aqueous solution.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS WILLIAM D. MARTIN, Primary Examiner M. R. LUSIGNAN, Assistant Examiner US. Cl. X.R.
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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3943269A (en) * 1973-02-22 1976-03-09 Bell David B Paper felt and process for making the same
FR2424358A1 (en) * 1978-04-28 1979-11-23 Mobil Oil Corp PROCESS FOR MAKING PAPER AND CARDBOARD HYDROPHOBIC BY APPLICATION OF WAX DISPERSIONS
US20040091585A1 (en) * 2002-11-08 2004-05-13 Theisen John A. Treated paper product, combination food and treated paper product, and methods for manufacturing and using treated paper product
US20060263495A1 (en) * 2005-05-23 2006-11-23 David Langton Food interleaver, method for imparting flavor to food product, and combination food product and food interleaver
US10751900B2 (en) * 2017-07-03 2020-08-25 Weber Maschinenbau Gmbh Breidenbach Providing a cutting area with web-like interleaver material

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3943269A (en) * 1973-02-22 1976-03-09 Bell David B Paper felt and process for making the same
FR2424358A1 (en) * 1978-04-28 1979-11-23 Mobil Oil Corp PROCESS FOR MAKING PAPER AND CARDBOARD HYDROPHOBIC BY APPLICATION OF WAX DISPERSIONS
US20040091585A1 (en) * 2002-11-08 2004-05-13 Theisen John A. Treated paper product, combination food and treated paper product, and methods for manufacturing and using treated paper product
US7189308B2 (en) * 2002-11-08 2007-03-13 Wausau Paper Corp. Treated paper product
US20070160716A1 (en) * 2002-11-08 2007-07-12 Wausau Paper Specialty Products, Llc Treated paper product, combination food and treated paper product, and methods for manufacturing and using treated paper product
US8337919B2 (en) 2002-11-08 2012-12-25 Wausau Paper Mills, Llc Treated paper product, combination food and treated paper product, and methods for manufacturing and using treated paper product
US20060263495A1 (en) * 2005-05-23 2006-11-23 David Langton Food interleaver, method for imparting flavor to food product, and combination food product and food interleaver
US7601375B2 (en) 2005-05-23 2009-10-13 Wausau Paper Specialty Products, Llc Food interleaver, method for imparting flavor to food product, and combination food product and food interleaver
US8080271B2 (en) 2005-05-23 2011-12-20 Wausau Paper Mills, Llc Food interleaver, method for imparting flavor to food product, and combination food product and food interleaver
US10751900B2 (en) * 2017-07-03 2020-08-25 Weber Maschinenbau Gmbh Breidenbach Providing a cutting area with web-like interleaver material

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