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US3768997A - Process for producing low carbon silicomanganese - Google Patents

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US3768997A
US3768997A US00255777A US3768997DA US3768997A US 3768997 A US3768997 A US 3768997A US 00255777 A US00255777 A US 00255777A US 3768997D A US3768997D A US 3768997DA US 3768997 A US3768997 A US 3768997A
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percent
low carbon
producing low
furnace
silicomanganese
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US00255777A
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N Bliss
R Wright
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Mead Corp
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Mead Corp
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C28/00Alloys based on a metal not provided for in groups C22C5/00 - C22C27/00

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  • ABSTRACT Low carbon silicomanganese produced by introducing into a slag free, submerged arc electric furnace charge materialscomprising a mixture of gravel, ferromanganese fines, low alloy steel, coal, coke and wood chips in proportions to obtain an alloy composition of about 50 to 65 percent manganese, 20 to 31 percent silicon, 0.05 to 0.80 percent carbon, 0.10 to 0.20 percent phosphorus, a maximum of about 0.05 percent sulfur and the balance essentially iron.
  • An electric current is passed through the submerged electrodes of the furnace to obtain carbonaceous reduction of the charged materials and molten metal is removed periodically adjacent the bottom of the furnace.
  • This invention relates to a process for producing low carbon silicomanganese and more particularly to a prov cess which provides a more economical utilization of ferromanganese fines by producing low carbon silicomanganese adapted for use in controlling carbon in the manufacture of medium carbon ferromanganese, and for use as a low carbon deoxidizing agent for the production of steel.
  • the ferromanganese fines employed in our process contain about 65 to 82 percent manganese, 1.0 to 7.5 percent carbon, 0.05 to 3.00 percent silicon, 6 to 14 percent iron and 0.15 to 0.35 percent phosphorus.
  • the ferromanganese fines are sized from 2 inches down.
  • the gravel employed in our charge materials contains about 95 to 99.5 percent silicon dioxide.
  • the low alloy steel employed contains about 90 to 99.5 percent iron, 0.1 to 2.0 percent manganese and less than 0.05 percent phosphorus.
  • the coal employed in the charge materials contains about 65 to 80 percent dry fixed car bon while the coke employed contains about 75 to 95 percent dry fixed carbon.
  • the wood chips employed in our charge materials contains about 3 to 20 percent natural fixed carbon and are employed to provide burden porosity and to control electrical resistivity of the furnace. The addition of wood chips increases resistivity.
  • the low alloy steel is in the form of steel turnings, which, in addition to iron, contain about 0.1 to 2.0 percent manganese and less than 0.05 percent phosphorus. The raio of manganese to iron in the charge materials is maintained at 2.6 to 1 or greater.
  • the charge materials are introduced into the slag free, submerged arc'electric furnace initially to fill substantially one half of the furnace, with the electrodes buried in the charge materials current is passed through the electrodes as the remainder of the furnace'is filled with the charge materials. Thereafter, the charged niaterials are introduced continuously as the materials move downwardly to thus maintain the furnace substantially full at all times.
  • the first removal of the molten metal alloy takes place approximately. three hours after the current is first passed through the electrodes.
  • the molten metal alloy is then removed every 2 hours.
  • the electrical load employed on this furnace ranges from approximately 9,000 to 1 1,000 killowatts at 120 to 200 volts. Since approximately 21 megawatt-hours of energy is consumed in this furnace in two hours, the molten metal alloy is removed from the furnace at the end of each interval in which approximately 21 megawatthours of energy have been consumed by the furnace.
  • the charge materials are proportioned to obtain an alloy composition of about 50 to 65 percent manganese, 20 to 31 percent silicon, 0.05 to 0.80 percent carbon, 0.10 to 0.20 percent phosphorus, a maximum of about 0.05 percent sulfur and the balance essentially iron.
  • the electric furnace was operated as described hereinabove for a period of 28 2/3 days. During this time 1,452.2 net tons of alloy were produced consuming approximately 2.02 KWH per pound of alloy. 78 percent of the manganese in the charged materials was recovered in the alloy.
  • introducing into a slag free, submerged arc, electric furnace charge materials comprising a mixture of approximately the following parts by weight: 8.33 parts gravel, 10.33 parts ferromanganese fines, 1.83 parts coal, one part coke, 5 parts wood chips and 1.33 parts low alloy steel containing about 90 to 95 percent iron, 0.1 to 2.0 percent manganese and less than 0.05 phosphous,

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)

Abstract

Low carbon silicomanganese produced by introducing into a slag free, submerged arc electric furnace charge materials comprising a mixture of gravel, ferromanganese fines, low alloy steel, coal, coke and wood chips in proportions to obtain an alloy composition of about 50 to 65 percent manganese, 20 to 31 percent silicon, 0.05 to 0.80 percent carbon, 0.10 to 0.20 percent phosphorus, a maximum of about 0.05 percent sulfur and the balance essentially iron. An electric current is passed through the submerged electrodes of the furnace to obtain carbonaceous reduction of the charged materials and molten metal is removed periodically adjacent the bottom of the furnace.

Description

United States P'atent 191' Bliss et al.
[111 3,768,997 [451 Oct. 30, 1973 PROCESS FOR PRODUCING LOW CARBON SILICOMANGANESE [75] Inventors: Norman G. Bliss; Robert T. Wright,
both of Kingston, Tenn. [73] Assignee: The Mead Corporation, Dayton,
Ohio
[22] Filed: May 22, 1972 [21] Appl. No.: 255,777
[52] US. Cl. 75/10 R, 75/129 [51] Int. Cl. C22d 7/06 [58] Fleld of Search ..75/10-13, 129, 130, 133.5
[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,704,114 11/1972 Wilson 75/10 R 3,431,103 3/1969 Querengasser 75/11 3,149,962 9/1964 Mennenoh 75/11 2,010,230 8/1935 Gustafsson..... 75/11 3,666,438 5/1972 Madronic 75/11 7/1967 1 Deadrick 75/133.5 7/1968 Robiette 75/133.5
[57] ABSTRACT Low carbon silicomanganese produced by introducing into a slag free, submerged arc electric furnace charge materialscomprising a mixture of gravel, ferromanganese fines, low alloy steel, coal, coke and wood chips in proportions to obtain an alloy composition of about 50 to 65 percent manganese, 20 to 31 percent silicon, 0.05 to 0.80 percent carbon, 0.10 to 0.20 percent phosphorus, a maximum of about 0.05 percent sulfur and the balance essentially iron. An electric current is passed through the submerged electrodes of the furnace to obtain carbonaceous reduction of the charged materials and molten metal is removed periodically adjacent the bottom of the furnace.
12 Claims, No Drawings PROCESS FOR PRODUCING LOW CARBON SILICOMANGANESE BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to a process for producing low carbon silicomanganese and more particularly to a prov cess which provides a more economical utilization of ferromanganese fines by producing low carbon silicomanganese adapted for use in controlling carbon in the manufacture of medium carbon ferromanganese, and for use as a low carbon deoxidizing agent for the production of steel.
As is well known in the art to which our invention relates, the disposal of fines produced in the production of ferromanganese is a very difficult problem. Heretofore, it has been the usual practice to remelt the fines. This not only consumes considerable time and energy, but also results in the formation of additional fines.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION nace while submerged in the charge materials to bring about carbonaceous reduction of the charged materials. The molten metal alloy is removed periodically adjacent the bottom of the furnace.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION In carrying out our process for producing low carbon silicomanganese, we introduce into a slag free, submerged arc electric furnace charge materials comprising a mixture of gravel, ferromanganese fines, low alloy steel, coal, coke and wood chips. The furnace'is thoroughly cleaned whereby all slag is removed therefrom prior to introducing the charge materials. No slag should be left in the furnace due to the fact that a slagless operation is desired so as to eliminate subsequent separation of slag from the product.
The ferromanganese fines employed in our process contain about 65 to 82 percent manganese, 1.0 to 7.5 percent carbon, 0.05 to 3.00 percent silicon, 6 to 14 percent iron and 0.15 to 0.35 percent phosphorus. The ferromanganese fines are sized from 2 inches down.
The gravel employed in our charge materials contains about 95 to 99.5 percent silicon dioxide. The low alloy steel employed contains about 90 to 99.5 percent iron, 0.1 to 2.0 percent manganese and less than 0.05 percent phosphorus. The coal employed in the charge materials contains about 65 to 80 percent dry fixed car bon while the coke employed contains about 75 to 95 percent dry fixed carbon. The wood chips employed in our charge materials contains about 3 to 20 percent natural fixed carbon and are employed to provide burden porosity and to control electrical resistivity of the furnace. The addition of wood chips increases resistivity. Preferably, the low alloy steel is in the form of steel turnings, which, in addition to iron, contain about 0.1 to 2.0 percent manganese and less than 0.05 percent phosphorus. The raio of manganese to iron in the charge materials is maintained at 2.6 to 1 or greater.
The charge materials are introduced into the slag free, submerged arc'electric furnace initially to fill substantially one half of the furnace, with the electrodes buried in the charge materials current is passed through the electrodes as the remainder of the furnace'is filled with the charge materials. Thereafter, the charged niaterials are introduced continuously as the materials move downwardly to thus maintain the furnace substantially full at all times. The first removal of the molten metal alloy takes place approximately. three hours after the current is first passed through the electrodes.
The molten metal alloy is then removed every 2 hours. i In actual practice, we have carried out our improved process in a 25 foot shell diameter, 12,000 KVA, three phase submerged arc electric furnace having three electrodes 35 inches in diameter and a crucible approximately 18 feet in diameter and 7 1/2 feet deep. The electrical load employed on this furnace ranges from approximately 9,000 to 1 1,000 killowatts at 120 to 200 volts. Since approximately 21 megawatt-hours of energy is consumed in this furnace in two hours, the molten metal alloy is removed from the furnace at the end of each interval in which approximately 21 megawatthours of energy have been consumed by the furnace.
To produce our low carbon silicomanganese, the charge materials are proportioned to obtain an alloy composition of about 50 to 65 percent manganese, 20 to 31 percent silicon, 0.05 to 0.80 percent carbon, 0.10 to 0.20 percent phosphorus, a maximum of about 0.05 percent sulfur and the balance essentially iron.
As an example, the following charge mixture has been found to be satisfactory in every respect to pro duce an alloy product containing 52.25 percent manganese, 26.29 percent silicon, 0.20 percent carbon, 0.16 percent phosphorus, 0.02 percent sulfur and the balance essentially iron.
EXAMPLE FURNACE CHARGE MATERIALS 500 lb. Gravel (8.33 parts) 620 lb. Standard FeMn Fines (10.33 parts) lb. Scrap Steel Tumings (1.33 parts) 230 lb. Coal (1.83 parts) 60 lb. Coke (1 part) 300 1b. Wood Chips (5 parts) Analysis of charge materials was as follows 1 GRAVEL Size 2 56" X '16" sio 98.46%
MgO 0.01%
CaO 0.05%
STANDARD FERROMANGANESE FINES Sized 2" X D Fe I I.l0%
Si l.l0%
LOW ALLOY STEELIN FORM OF SCRAP STEEL TURNINGS' COAL Size 2" X Volatiles 18.60% Ash 6.l% Fixed Carbon 71.80% Moisture 3.5%
COKE
Size 1'' X 1%" Volatiles 3.09% Ash 12.93% Fixed Carbon 83.97%
WOOD CHIPS Volatiles 85.05% Ash 2.20% Fixed Carbon 12.75% Moisture 40.40%
The electric furnace was operated as described hereinabove for a period of 28 2/3 days. During this time 1,452.2 net tons of alloy were produced consuming approximately 2.02 KWH per pound of alloy. 78 percent of the manganese in the charged materials was recovered in the alloy.
From the foregoing, it will be seen that we have devised an improved process for producing low carbon silicomanganese. By forming silicomanganese from standard ferromanganese fines, we not only eliminate the problem of disposing of such fines but at the same time provide an economical process for utilizing such fines in producing low carbon silicomanganese which is particularly adapted for carbon control in forming other alloys.
We wish it to be understoodthat we do not desire to be limited to the precise examples, proportions or embodiments herein disclosed for obvious modifications will occur to persons skilled in the art.
What we claim is:
l. The process for producing low carbon silicomanganese comprising the steps of:
a. introducing into a slag free, submerged arc, electric furnace charge materials comprising a mixture of approximately the following parts by weight: 8.33 parts gravel, 10.33 parts ferromanganese fines, 1.83 parts coal, one part coke, 5 parts wood chips and 1.33 parts low alloy steel containing about 90 to 95 percent iron, 0.1 to 2.0 percent manganese and less than 0.05 phosphous,
b. passing an electric current through the electrodes of said furnace while the electrodes are submerged in said charged materials in an amount to obtain carbonaceous reduction of said charged materials and an alloy composition of about 50 to 65 percent manganese, 20 to 31. percent silicon, .05 to .80% carbon, 0.10 to 0.20 percent phosphorus, a maximum of about .05% sulfur and the balance essentially iron, and c. removing molten metal periodically adjacent the bottom of said furnace.
2. The process for producing low carbon silicomanganese as defined in claim 1 'in which said gravel contains about 95 to 99.5 percent silicon dioxide.
3. The process for producing low carbon silicomanganese as defined in claim 1 in which said ferromanganese fines contains about 65 to 82 percent manganese, 1.0 to 7.5 percent carbon, 0.05 to 3.00 percent silicon, 6 to 14 percent iron and 0.10 to 0.35 percent phosphorus.
4. The process for producing low carbon silicomanganese as defined in claim 1 in which said ferromanganese fines range in size from 2 inches down.
5. The process for producing low carbon silicomanganese as defined in claim 1 in which said coal contains about 65 to percent dry fixed carbon.
6. The process for producing low carbon silicomanganese as defined in claim 1 in which said coke contains about 75 to percent dry fixed carbon.
7. The process for producing low carbon silicomanganese as defined in claim 1 in which said wood chips contain about 3 to 20 percent natural fixed carbon.
8. The process for producing low carbon silicomanganese as defined in claim 1 in which said molten metal is removed at the end of each interval in which approximately 21 megawatt-hours of energy have been consumed by said furnace.
9. The process for producing low carbon silicomanganese as defined in claim 1 in which the charge materials are initially introduced into said furnace to fill substantially one half of said furnace at the time current is passed through said electrodes and then the remainder of said furnace is filled with said charge materials and said charge materials are introduced continuously thereafter as current is passing through said electrodes.
10. The process for producing low carbon silicomanganese as defined in claim 1 in which the first removal of molten metal takes place approximately 3 hours after said current is first passed through said electrodes and then molten metal is removed every 2 hours thereafter.
11. The process for producing low carbon silicomanganese as defined in claim 1 in which the ratio of manganese to iron in said charge materials is at least 2.6 to 1.
12. The process for producing low carbon silicomanganese as defined in claim 1 in which the electrical load employed on a 25 foot shell diameter, 12,000 KVA, 3 phase submerged are electric furnace having 3 electrodes 35 inches in diameter and a crucible approximately 18 feet in diameter and 7 [/2 feet deep ranges from approximately 9,000 to 11,000 killowatts at to 200 volts.
=8 Il i i

Claims (11)

  1. 2. The process for producing low carbon silicomanganese as defined in claim 1 in which said gravel contains about 95 to 99.5 percent silicon dioxide.
  2. 3. The process for producing low carbon silicomanganese as defined in claim 1 in which said ferromanganese fines contains about 65 to 82 percent manganese, 1.0 to 7.5 percent carbon, 0.05 to 3.00 percent silicon, 6 to 14 percent iron and 0.10 to 0.35 percent phosphorus.
  3. 4. The process for producing low carbon silicomanganese as defined in claim 1 in which said ferromanganese fines range in size from 2 inches down.
  4. 5. The process for producing low carbon silicomanganese as defined in claim 1 in which said coal contains about 65 to 80 percent dry fixed carbon.
  5. 6. The process for producing low carbon silicomanganese as defined in claim 1 in which said coke contains about 75 to 95 percent dry fixed carbon.
  6. 7. The process for producing low carbon silicomanganese as defined in claim 1 in which said wood chips contain about 3 to 20 percent natural fixed carbon.
  7. 8. The process for producing low carbon silicomanganese as defined in claim 1 in which said molten metal is removed at the end of each interval in which approximately 21 megawatt-hours of energy have been consumed by said furnace.
  8. 9. The process for producing low carbon silicomanganese as defined in claim 1 in which the charge materials are initially introduced into said furnace to fill substantially one half of said furnace at the time current is pAssed through said electrodes and then the remainder of said furnace is filled with said charge materials and said charge materials are introduced continuously thereafter as current is passing through said electrodes.
  9. 10. The process for producing low carbon silicomanganese as defined in claim 1 in which the first removal of molten metal takes place approximately 3 hours after said current is first passed through said electrodes and then molten metal is removed every 2 hours thereafter.
  10. 11. The process for producing low carbon silicomanganese as defined in claim 1 in which the ratio of manganese to iron in said charge materials is at least 2.6 to 1.
  11. 12. The process for producing low carbon silicomanganese as defined in claim 1 in which the electrical load employed on a 25 foot shell diameter, 12,000 KVA, 3 phase submerged arc electric furnace having 3 electrodes 35 inches in diameter and a crucible approximately 18 feet in diameter and 7 1/2 feet deep ranges from approximately 9,000 to 11,000 killowatts at 120 to 200 volts.
US00255777A 1972-05-22 1972-05-22 Process for producing low carbon silicomanganese Expired - Lifetime US3768997A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1996034988A1 (en) * 1995-05-01 1996-11-07 Alabama Power Company Process for producing foundry iron
US5912916A (en) * 1995-05-01 1999-06-15 Alabama Power Company Electric furnace with insulated electrodes and process for producing molten metals
WO2022058761A1 (en) * 2020-09-21 2022-03-24 Гоча КУРДАДЗЕ Method of recovering manganese from manganese ore concentrate

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2010230A (en) * 1929-11-22 1935-08-06 Gustafsson Emil Gustaf Torvald Process for producing alloys containing metal of the iron group
US3149962A (en) * 1961-01-07 1964-09-22 Hoesch Ag Method of producing ferromanganese
US3329497A (en) * 1964-03-31 1967-07-04 Union Carbide Corp Process for the manufacture of ferromanganese-silicon
US3393068A (en) * 1964-06-17 1968-07-16 Techmet Ltd Manufacture of ferro alloys containing silicon
US3431103A (en) * 1965-03-11 1969-03-04 Knapsack Ag Process for the manufacture of ferrosilicon
US3666438A (en) * 1970-11-16 1972-05-30 Interlake Inc Process for the production of manganese-silicon alloy
US3704114A (en) * 1971-03-17 1972-11-28 Union Carbide Corp Process and furnace charge for use in the production of ferrosilicon alloys

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2010230A (en) * 1929-11-22 1935-08-06 Gustafsson Emil Gustaf Torvald Process for producing alloys containing metal of the iron group
US3149962A (en) * 1961-01-07 1964-09-22 Hoesch Ag Method of producing ferromanganese
US3329497A (en) * 1964-03-31 1967-07-04 Union Carbide Corp Process for the manufacture of ferromanganese-silicon
US3393068A (en) * 1964-06-17 1968-07-16 Techmet Ltd Manufacture of ferro alloys containing silicon
US3431103A (en) * 1965-03-11 1969-03-04 Knapsack Ag Process for the manufacture of ferrosilicon
US3666438A (en) * 1970-11-16 1972-05-30 Interlake Inc Process for the production of manganese-silicon alloy
US3704114A (en) * 1971-03-17 1972-11-28 Union Carbide Corp Process and furnace charge for use in the production of ferrosilicon alloys

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1996034988A1 (en) * 1995-05-01 1996-11-07 Alabama Power Company Process for producing foundry iron
US5588982A (en) * 1995-05-01 1996-12-31 Alabama Power Company Process for producing foudry iron
US5882374A (en) * 1995-05-01 1999-03-16 Alabama Power Company Process for producing foundry iron with an insulated electrode
US5912916A (en) * 1995-05-01 1999-06-15 Alabama Power Company Electric furnace with insulated electrodes and process for producing molten metals
CN1050634C (en) * 1995-05-01 2000-03-22 阿拉巴马动力公司 Production of foundry iron
WO2022058761A1 (en) * 2020-09-21 2022-03-24 Гоча КУРДАДЗЕ Method of recovering manganese from manganese ore concentrate

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