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US3687720A - Process for flameproofing textile material - Google Patents

Process for flameproofing textile material Download PDF

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US3687720A
US3687720A US880377A US3687720DA US3687720A US 3687720 A US3687720 A US 3687720A US 880377 A US880377 A US 880377A US 3687720D A US3687720D A US 3687720DA US 3687720 A US3687720 A US 3687720A
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flameproofing
textiles
zinc chloride
substantially anhydrous
anhydrous
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US880377A
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Werner Grunewalder
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/08—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with halogenated hydrocarbons
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/07—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with halogens; with halogen acids or salts thereof; with oxides or oxyacids of halogens or salts thereof
    • D06M11/11—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with halogens; with halogen acids or salts thereof; with oxides or oxyacids of halogens or salts thereof with halogen acids or salts thereof
    • D06M11/155—Halides of elements of Groups 2 or 12 of the Periodic Table
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
    • D06M13/224—Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic acid

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for flameproofing textiles.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a flameproofing process for cellulose textiles which will not materially crease or shrink the fabric.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a process for flameproofing cellulose textiles which can be used in the cleaning machines ordinarily used in chemical cleaning, and may be preceded with or followed with chemical cleaning or the cleaning may take place simultaneously, in the same machine.
  • Another object is to provide a substantially anhydrous flameproofing concentrate which when mixed with substantially anhydrous solvents used in the preparation of the fiameproofing baths will give a substantially clear solution which will not tend to crease and shrink already made up cellulose textiles.
  • the present invention therefore, provides an impregnating bath medium, for flameproofing cellulose textiles, comprising a mixture of a substantially anhydrous zinc chloride in a lower alcohol, glycol or carboxylic acid ester and an organic solvent utilizable for chemical cleaning.
  • the bath medium should be substantially anhydrous, having a low water content in the entire bath composition.
  • the process for flameproofing textiles which consist wholly or substantially of cellulose or regenerated cellulose fibres provided herein, comprises contacting said textiles with a bath medium comprising a mixture of a concentrated substantially anhydrous solution of zinc chloride in a lower alcohol, glycol or carboxylic acid ester and a substantially anhydrous organic solvent utilizable for chemical cleaning.
  • a concentrated stock solution is first made by dissolving zinc chloride in an anhydrous lower alcohol or glycol containing 2 to 4 carbon atoms, such as ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol, ethylene glycol, 1,3- or 1,3- propylene glycols and the like.
  • anhydrous lower alcohol or glycol containing 2 to 4 carbon atoms such as ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol, ethylene glycol, 1,3- or 1,3- propylene glycols and the like.
  • suitable solvents are esters of the said alcohols with monocarboxylic acids which contain 1 to 4 carbon atoms, as for example, ethyl acetate, the monoglycol ester of propionic acid and the like.
  • concentrates contain 5 to 35% by weight of anhydrous zinc chloride, which may consist either of products of technical purity with the lowest possible content of coloring or sludge-forming impurities, or if desired products of high purity, for example, corresponding to the German harmacopoeia quality DAB 6.
  • the impregnating liquors consist of the solvents utilized in chemical cleaning, especially petroleum hydrocarbons of boiling points of to 200 and halogenated hydrocarbons having 1 to 4 carbon atoms such as methylene chloride, carbon tetrachloride, perchlorethylene, trifluorotrichloroethane, monofiuorotrichloromethane, etc.
  • the process is eifected preferably in the cleaning machines used in chemical cleaning, suitably following a chemical cleaning.
  • the textiles are treated with the impregnant medium at 2 0 to 35 C. for 2 to 10 minutes and after centrifuging and drying are ready for use.
  • very good flameproofing efiects can be at tained which correspond to the DIN specifications 53,906 and 53,907.
  • an application of 0.8 to 8% by weight of zinc chloride, based on the weight of the fibre, is needed.
  • organic fiameproofing agents provided they are soluble in the impregnating liquors, may be added to the baths.
  • halogenated parafiins especially chlorinated paraflins, which simultaneously exert a specific softening action on the textile fibre, are suitable for this purpose.
  • These ingredients are added to the baths in amounts of from 3 to 20 g. per liter.
  • further additions customary in textile finishing may also be present, such as brightening agents, waterproofing agents, dressing agents or agents producing a high finish, for example, urea or melamine-formaldehyde condensation products and the like.
  • EXAMPLE 1 In a cleaning machine of the Biiwe R 9 M type, 6 kg. of curtains, consisting of rayon staple fibre rep, were cleaned as usual and then treated for 5 minutes in 60 liters of perchlorethylene with the addition of 10 liters of butyl acetate in which 12% by weight of anhydrous zinc chloride was dissolved. The textiles so treated, after centrifuging and drying in the cleaning machine, were difficultly inflammable, in contrast to untreated curtains.
  • EXAMPLE 2 In the cleaning machine used in Example 1, 8 kg. of working clothes, consisting of cotton twilled fabric, Were chemically cleaned and then flameproofed. The flameproofing was carried out by treating the fabric for 5 minutes in 60 liters of trichloroethylene with an addition of 12 liters of ethyl glycol, in which 15% of anhydrous zinc chloride was dissolved. After centrifuging until the residual moisture was 80%, the suits were dried with hot air. The estimation of the flameproofing elfect was carried out, after air conditioning under standard conditions according to the DIN specification 53,907. In comparison with untreated goods, the following values were obtained:
  • EXAMPLE 3 2 kg. of staple fibre gabardine were treated for minutes in 20 liters of monofluorotrichloromethane with the addition of 3 liters of isopropanol, in which 15% of anhydrous zinc chloride (DAB 6) and of coconut fatty acid polydiethanolamide were dissolved. The material was then centrifuged and dried as usual. The treated material in contrast to the untreated goods, was only difiicultly inflammable and had a soft handle.
  • DAB 6 anhydrous zinc chloride
  • EXAMPLE 4 25 kg. of welders protective suits, consisting of cotton material, were chemically cleaned as usual in a 35 kg. naphtha plant. The centrifuged textiles were treated in 200 liters of naphtha (boiling point 140200 C.) for 5 minutes with the addition of 24 liters of isopropanol, in which of anhydrous zinc chloride and 5% of a chlorinated paraifin with a chlorine content of about 70% were dissolved. After centrifuging and drying, the treated suits were satisfactorily flarneproof.
  • a process for simultaneously flameproofing and cleaning textiles consisting wholly or substantially of cellulose or regenerated cellulose fibers which consists essentially of immersing said textile in a bath at a temperature of from to 35 C. for from 2 to 10 minutes, said bath consisting of (1) a solution consisting of from 5% to 35% by weight of anhydrous zinc chloride in an anhydrous solvent selected from the group consisting of (a) lower alcohols selected from the group consisting of ethanol, propanol, isopropanol and butanol, (b) glycols selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol and 1,3-propylene glycol, and (c) carboxylic acid esters thereof with a carboxylic acid selected from the group consisting of acetic acid and propionic acid, and (2) an organic solvent utilizable for chemical cleaning selected from the group consisting of petroleum hydrocarbons of boiling points of 80 C.
  • an anhydrous solvent selected from the group consisting of (a) lower alcohols selected from
  • said bath having a concentration of 10 to g. per liter of said anhydrous zinc chloride, removing said simultaneously fireproofed and cleaned textiles from said bath and drying said textiles.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

DESCRIBES A PROCESS FOR FLAMEPROOFING TEXTILES IN WHICH SUBSTANTIALLY ANHYDROUS ZINC CHLORIDE IN SUBSTANTIALLY ANHYDROUS SOLVENTS IS USED AS THE FLAMEPROOFING MATERIAL, THE SUBSTANTIALLY ANHYDROUS FLAMEPROOFING COMPOSITION PREVENTS CREASING AND SHRINKING OF THE TREATED TEXTILES.

Description

United States Patent Olfice 3,687,720 Patented Aug. 29, 1972 3,687,720 PROCESS FOR FLAMEPROOFING TEXTILE MATERIAL Werner Grunewalder, 89 Am Falder, 4 Dusseldorf-Holthausen, Germany No Drawing. Filed Nov. 26, 1969, Ser. No. 880,377 Claims priority, application Germany, Dec. 6, 1968, P 18 13 021.7 Int. Cl. C09d /18 US. Cl. 117-137 2 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Describes a process for fiameproofing textiles in which substantially anhydrous zinc chloride in substantially anhydrous solvents is used as the fiameproofing material, the substantially anhydrous flameproofing composition prevents creasing and shrinking of the treated textiles.
The invention relates to a process for flameproofing textiles.
It is known to treat textile materials made of readily inflammable cellulose fibres with a fiameproofing treatment with aqueous solutions or emulsions of various inorganic or organic compounds. In particular, already made up textiles, such as for example, curtains, protective clothing, special military textiles and the like are given such treatment. It has been found, however, that the known processes working with aqueous solutions or emulsions are not only complicated and time consuming, but also lead to damage of the cellulose textiles, since owing to the wet treatment, these tend to crease and shrink to a considerable extent.
An object of the present invention is to provide a flameproofing process for cellulose textiles which will not materially crease or shrink the fabric.
Another object of the invention is to provide a process for flameproofing cellulose textiles which can be used in the cleaning machines ordinarily used in chemical cleaning, and may be preceded with or followed with chemical cleaning or the cleaning may take place simultaneously, in the same machine.
Another object is to provide a substantially anhydrous flameproofing concentrate which when mixed with substantially anhydrous solvents used in the preparation of the fiameproofing baths will give a substantially clear solution which will not tend to crease and shrink already made up cellulose textiles.
Various other objects and advantages of the invention will appear as this description proceeds.
The present invention, therefore, provides an impregnating bath medium, for flameproofing cellulose textiles, comprising a mixture of a substantially anhydrous zinc chloride in a lower alcohol, glycol or carboxylic acid ester and an organic solvent utilizable for chemical cleaning. The bath medium should be substantially anhydrous, having a low water content in the entire bath composition.
The process for flameproofing textiles which consist wholly or substantially of cellulose or regenerated cellulose fibres provided herein, comprises contacting said textiles with a bath medium comprising a mixture of a concentrated substantially anhydrous solution of zinc chloride in a lower alcohol, glycol or carboxylic acid ester and a substantially anhydrous organic solvent utilizable for chemical cleaning.
In order to prepare the impregnating baths, a concentrated stock solution is first made by dissolving zinc chloride in an anhydrous lower alcohol or glycol containing 2 to 4 carbon atoms, such as ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol, ethylene glycol, 1,3- or 1,3- propylene glycols and the like. Further suitable solvents are esters of the said alcohols with monocarboxylic acids which contain 1 to 4 carbon atoms, as for example, ethyl acetate, the monoglycol ester of propionic acid and the like. These concentrates contain 5 to 35% by weight of anhydrous zinc chloride, which may consist either of products of technical purity with the lowest possible content of coloring or sludge-forming impurities, or if desired products of high purity, for example, corresponding to the German harmacopoeia quality DAB 6.
10 to 60 g. per liter, calculated on anhydrous zinc chloride, of the said concentrates are added to the organic solvents to form an impregnating bath. The impregnating liquors consist of the solvents utilized in chemical cleaning, especially petroleum hydrocarbons of boiling points of to 200 and halogenated hydrocarbons having 1 to 4 carbon atoms such as methylene chloride, carbon tetrachloride, perchlorethylene, trifluorotrichloroethane, monofiuorotrichloromethane, etc.
These solvents should be largely water-free. It has surprisingly been found that the said concentrates containing zinc chloride can be mixed with the solvents used for the preparation of impregnating baths giving clear or slightly turbid solutions. These baths are also sufficiently stable.
The process is eifected preferably in the cleaning machines used in chemical cleaning, suitably following a chemical cleaning. The textiles are treated with the impregnant medium at 2 0 to 35 C. for 2 to 10 minutes and after centrifuging and drying are ready for use. Depending on the amount of zinc chloride applied to the textile fibres, very good flameproofing efiects can be at tained which correspond to the DIN specifications 53,906 and 53,907. In general, an application of 0.8 to 8% by weight of zinc chloride, based on the weight of the fibre, is needed.
In order to assist the effect, further known organic fiameproofing agents, provided they are soluble in the impregnating liquors, may be added to the baths. For example, halogenated parafiins, especially chlorinated paraflins, which simultaneously exert a specific softening action on the textile fibre, are suitable for this purpose. These ingredients are added to the baths in amounts of from 3 to 20 g. per liter. Apart from these, further additions customary in textile finishing may also be present, such as brightening agents, waterproofing agents, dressing agents or agents producing a high finish, for example, urea or melamine-formaldehyde condensation products and the like.
EXAMPLE 1 In a cleaning machine of the Biiwe R 9 M type, 6 kg. of curtains, consisting of rayon staple fibre rep, were cleaned as usual and then treated for 5 minutes in 60 liters of perchlorethylene with the addition of 10 liters of butyl acetate in which 12% by weight of anhydrous zinc chloride was dissolved. The textiles so treated, after centrifuging and drying in the cleaning machine, were difficultly inflammable, in contrast to untreated curtains.
EXAMPLE 2 In the cleaning machine used in Example 1, 8 kg. of working clothes, consisting of cotton twilled fabric, Were chemically cleaned and then flameproofed. The flameproofing was carried out by treating the fabric for 5 minutes in 60 liters of trichloroethylene with an addition of 12 liters of ethyl glycol, in which 15% of anhydrous zinc chloride was dissolved. After centrifuging until the residual moisture was 80%, the suits were dried with hot air. The estimation of the flameproofing elfect was carried out, after air conditioning under standard conditions according to the DIN specification 53,907. In comparison with untreated goods, the following values were obtained:
It can be seen from the values in the table that the treated cotton twill fabric is difficulty inflammable.
EXAMPLE 3 2 kg. of staple fibre gabardine were treated for minutes in 20 liters of monofluorotrichloromethane with the addition of 3 liters of isopropanol, in which 15% of anhydrous zinc chloride (DAB 6) and of coconut fatty acid polydiethanolamide were dissolved. The material was then centrifuged and dried as usual. The treated material in contrast to the untreated goods, was only difiicultly inflammable and had a soft handle.
EXAMPLE 4 25 kg. of welders protective suits, consisting of cotton material, were chemically cleaned as usual in a 35 kg. naphtha plant. The centrifuged textiles were treated in 200 liters of naphtha (boiling point 140200 C.) for 5 minutes with the addition of 24 liters of isopropanol, in which of anhydrous zinc chloride and 5% of a chlorinated paraifin with a chlorine content of about 70% were dissolved. After centrifuging and drying, the treated suits were satisfactorily flarneproof.
Having now particularly described the nature of the said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, what I claim is:
1. A process for simultaneously flameproofing and cleaning textiles consisting wholly or substantially of cellulose or regenerated cellulose fibers which consists essentially of immersing said textile in a bath at a temperature of from to 35 C. for from 2 to 10 minutes, said bath consisting of (1) a solution consisting of from 5% to 35% by weight of anhydrous zinc chloride in an anhydrous solvent selected from the group consisting of (a) lower alcohols selected from the group consisting of ethanol, propanol, isopropanol and butanol, (b) glycols selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol and 1,3-propylene glycol, and (c) carboxylic acid esters thereof with a carboxylic acid selected from the group consisting of acetic acid and propionic acid, and (2) an organic solvent utilizable for chemical cleaning selected from the group consisting of petroleum hydrocarbons of boiling points of 80 C. to 200 C. and halogenated hydrocarbons having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, said bath having a concentration of 10 to g. per liter of said anhydrous zinc chloride, removing said simultaneously fireproofed and cleaned textiles from said bath and drying said textiles.
2. A process as claimed in claim 1 in which the zinc chloride is in solution in butyl acetate.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,940,668 12/1933 Mohn 252-172 2,053,007 9/1936 Parkhurst 252-172 X 1,261,736 4/1918 Ferguson 252-81 2,250,483 7/1941 Hopkinson 117-137 2,369,200 2/1945 Amberson 106-15 2,464,342 3/ 1949 Pollak et a1. 117-137 FOREIGN PATENTS 5,130 3/1905 Great Britain 106-15 132,813 11/1920 Great Britain 106-15 545,514 5/1942 Great Britain 106-15 OTHER REFERENCES Speel and Schwarz, Textile Chemicals and Auxiliaries,
2nd ed., Reinhold, New York, 1957, pp. 134-135.
PHILIP E. ANDERSON, Primary Examiner D. A. JACKSON, Assistant Examiner US. Cl. X.R.
US880377A 1968-12-06 1969-11-26 Process for flameproofing textile material Expired - Lifetime US3687720A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19681813021 DE1813021B2 (en) 1968-12-06 1968-12-06 METHOD OF FLAME-RESISTANT EQUIPMENT OF TEXTILE MATERIAL AND IMPRAEGNATION FLEET FOR PERFORMING THE METHOD

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AT (1) AT295470B (en)
BE (1) BE742729A (en)
BR (1) BR6914786D0 (en)
CH (2) CH535314A (en)
DE (1) DE1813021B2 (en)
DK (1) DK128791B (en)
FR (1) FR2025540A1 (en)
GB (1) GB1270546A (en)
NL (1) NL6916773A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4027062A (en) * 1973-06-18 1977-05-31 Kellwood Company Composition and method for imparting fire resistance and water repellency to fabric
US5156890A (en) * 1991-02-08 1992-10-20 Rock James E Method for flame retarding fabrics

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2250483A (en) * 1937-08-10 1941-07-29 Hopkinson Harry Fireproofing composition and method

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4027062A (en) * 1973-06-18 1977-05-31 Kellwood Company Composition and method for imparting fire resistance and water repellency to fabric
US5156890A (en) * 1991-02-08 1992-10-20 Rock James E Method for flame retarding fabrics

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FR2025540A1 (en) 1970-09-11
DK128791B (en) 1974-07-01
GB1270546A (en) 1972-04-12
DE1813021A1 (en) 1970-06-25
BE742729A (en) 1970-06-05
BR6914786D0 (en) 1973-02-22
NL6916773A (en) 1970-06-09
DE1813021B2 (en) 1977-02-10
DK128791C (en) 1975-02-10
CH535314A (en) 1972-10-13
AT295470B (en) 1972-01-10
CH1785269A4 (en) 1972-10-13

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