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US3662222A - Electric resistance wire igniter with a cooling terminal posts construction - Google Patents

Electric resistance wire igniter with a cooling terminal posts construction Download PDF

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Publication number
US3662222A
US3662222A US35396A US3662222DA US3662222A US 3662222 A US3662222 A US 3662222A US 35396 A US35396 A US 35396A US 3662222D A US3662222D A US 3662222DA US 3662222 A US3662222 A US 3662222A
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Prior art keywords
filament
molybdenum
portions
posts
resistance wire
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Expired - Lifetime
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US35396A
Inventor
William A Ray
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TDK Micronas GmbH
ITT Inc
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Deutsche ITT Industries GmbH
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Assigned to ITT CORPORATION reassignment ITT CORPORATION CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: INTERNATIONAL TELEPHONE AND TELEGRAPH CORPORATION
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
    • F23Q7/22—Details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/05—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects
    • G01F1/52—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring the height of the fluid level due to the lifting power of the fluid flow

Definitions

  • a resistance wire igniter for a pilot light of a gas fuel burning apparatus including an electric current heated filament having molybdenum and portions tapered toward and fixed with a References Cited molybdenum disilicide central portion. Terminal posts construction for keeping the filament ends cool so that they will not oxidize.
  • This invention relates to igniters for gas fuels or the like and, more particularly, to an igniter filament which has long life, high conductivity end portions and a high structural integrity.
  • molybdenum wires have been coated with molybdenum disilicide to prevent oxidation at elevated temperatures when used as resistance heating elements.
  • the protection has been found unsatisfactory.
  • the ends of the wires act as poor electric terminal connections because the molybdenum disilicide, coating, which is very frangible, is not easily weldable or brazable and is only a fair conductor at the cooler joint.
  • a solidpiece of molybdenum disilicide cannot be easily bonded to a metal to provide electric terminals of a relatively high conductivity.
  • the above-described and other disadvantages of the prior art are overcome by providing a wire igniter which decreases in diameter toward the midpoint along its length and has only a central portion of molybdenum disilicide.
  • the tapered construction facilitates a strong bond between the relatively oxidizablc molybdenum wire and the relatively non-oxidizable molybdenum disilicide central portion.
  • the wire conductors at each end of the central portion are bare of the molybdenum disilicide and,
  • the method of the invention utilizes the step of treating only the central portion of a molybdenum wire to convert it to molybdenum disilicide.
  • elongated tube-like terminal posts are provided to keep the molybdenum ends cooler and below their oxidation temperature so as to maintain good electrical contact therewith.
  • Another feature of the invention resides in the fact that portions of post interiors are spaced from the ends of the molybdenum to act as heat radiators to keep the said ends cool.
  • spaced portions may be tube-like and extend toward one another along the length of the filament at the ends of the posts.
  • an igniter including end portions 11 and 12 of molybdenum bonded to a central portion 13 of molybdenum disilicide. Note will be taken that portions 11 and 12 are tapered at 14 and 15, respectively. This provides a strong bond of portions 11 and 12 to portion 13. Further, por-.
  • tions 11 and 12 are bare of the molybdenum disilicide at 16 and 17 and, therefore, can act as electric terminals of a relatively high conductivity.
  • points 18 and 19 of portions 11 and 12 may be connected by a filament of molybdenum.
  • Igniter 10 is manufactured by converting only the central portion of a wire of molybdenum to molybdenum disilicide.
  • igniter 10 is used in FIG. 2 including a pilot burner 20, a support 21 for the igniter I0, and means 22 to pass electric current through the igniter 10.
  • Igniter 10 may be bent to the U-shape shown in FIG. 2 before the conversion to molybdenum disilicide is made in accordance with the method of the invention.
  • the filament is indicated at 23 including molybdenum end portions 24 and 25, and a molybdenum disilicide central portion 26.
  • Terminal posts 27 and 28 may be swaged upon or otherwise fixed to end portions 24 and 25, respectively.
  • Filament 26 has a circular cross section throughout its entire length. The outside diameter of filament is the same everywhere along its length.
  • Posts 27 and 28 have a symmetrical'axis and perfect axial symmetry.
  • Entirely conventional lugs 29 and 30 with attached leads 3] and 32, respectively, are fixed between an insulator 33 and eyelets 34 and 35 which are integral with posts 27 and 28, respectively.
  • Posts 27 and 28 have external shoulders 36 and 37, respectively. Shoulders 36 and 37 with eyelets 34 and 35 hold posts 27 and 28 in fixed positions relative to insulator 33 through holes 38 and 39 therethrough, respectively.
  • Posts 27 and 28 have cylindrical end portions 40 and 41, respectively, spaced from filament portions 24 and 25, respectively, to provide heat radiators to keep portions 24 and 25 cool. Portions 25 and 25 will therefore not oxidize and good electrical connections will be maintained secure between portions 24 and 25 and posts 27 and 28, respectively.
  • the difference between the maximum radius of filament end portion 25 and the maximum inside radius of post 28 is typically shown at A FIG. 3.
  • Parts 27, 28, 29, 30, 31 and 32 are suitable highly conductive metal.
  • a resistance 'wire heater comprising: insulation means; first and second conductive terminal posts fixed relative to said means, said first and second posts being elongated hollow bodies open at least at one end: a conductive filament having first and second ends extending into said one end of each post, said first and second filament ends being electrically connected to one end of each of said first and second posts, respectively, said one end of each post being positioned out of contact with said first and second filament ends, said one end of each post extending axially in a position surrounding a corresponding filament end over a substantial length thereof, but spaced therefrom first and second portions of the lengths of said first and second posts, respectively, from respective points intermediate their ends to said one end of each are first and second hollow conductive cylinders having concentric internal and external surfaces, said filament having first and second portions contiguous to the internal surfaces of said first and second cylinders, respectively, said filament portions being straight and having uniform circular cross sections, respectively, concentric with said cylinders, the diameters of said first and second filament portions being less than the inside diameter

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)

Abstract

A resistance wire igniter for a pilot light of a gas fuel burning apparatus including an electric current heated filament having molybdenum and portions tapered toward and fixed with a molybdenum disilicide central portion. Terminal posts construction for keeping the filament ends cool so that they will not oxidize.

Description

[ 51 May 9,1972
United States Patent Ray XX 93 5 7B 9 .......3l7/98 ........,.3l7/98 .339/275 B X am set" w S n s hmw o a CJL 932 466 999 111 //l 181 l 480 524 7 7 8% 233 [541 ELECTRIC RESISTANCE WIRE IGNITER WITH A COOLING TERMINAL POSTS CONSTRUCTION 2,902,578 9/1959 Johnson etal...
[72] Inventor: William A. Ray, North Hollywood, Calif. 3,190,953 6/1965 Keller..............
International Telephone and Telegraph Corporation, New York, NY.
May 7, 1970 ....339/220 T 2,698,423 12/1954 Modrey et al.... 3,163
[73] Assignee:
3,437,880 4/1965 Profunser.....
[22] Filed:
3,562,590 2/1971 Mittsetal...............................
[21] Appl. No.2
Primary Examiner-Velodymyr Y. Mayewsky [52] U.S.Cl.................................317/98,219/270, 219/553, Att0rney-C. Cornell Remsen, .lr., Walter J. Baum, Paul W. 338/332, 339/275 B, 431/258, 338/326 Hemminger, Charles L. Johnson, Jr. and Thomas E. Kristof- [51] ferson [58] Field of Search.......3 1 7/98, 79; 338/317, 326, 331-332,
338/229; 339/130 C, 214 C, 220, 275 B; 174/685, [57] ABSTRACT 13/22 219/536 53 5 & A resistance wire igniter for a pilot light of a gas fuel burning apparatus including an electric current heated filament having molybdenum and portions tapered toward and fixed with a References Cited molybdenum disilicide central portion. Terminal posts construction for keeping the filament ends cool so that they will not oxidize.
UNITED STATES PATENTS Holinger.................,.......... Lewm 338/332 X ....338/229 X 1 Claim, 3 Drawing Figures Hi ins burl/fill!!!- ELECTRIC RESISTANCE WIRE IGNITER WITH A COOLING TERMINAL POSTS CONSTRUCTION BACKGROUND or THE INVENTION This invention relates to igniters for gas fuels or the like and, more particularly, to an igniter filament which has long life, high conductivity end portions and a high structural integrity.
In the past, molybdenum wires have been coated with molybdenum disilicide to prevent oxidation at elevated temperatures when used as resistance heating elements. However, the protection has been found unsatisfactory. Moreover, the ends of the wires act as poor electric terminal connections because the molybdenum disilicide, coating, which is very frangible, is not easily weldable or brazable and is only a fair conductor at the cooler joint. Still further, a solidpiece of molybdenum disilicide cannot be easily bonded to a metal to provide electric terminals of a relatively high conductivity.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In accordance with the invention, the above-described and other disadvantages of the prior art are overcome by providing a wire igniter which decreases in diameter toward the midpoint along its length and has only a central portion of molybdenum disilicide. The tapered construction facilitates a strong bond between the relatively oxidizablc molybdenum wire and the relatively non-oxidizable molybdenum disilicide central portion. Moreover, the wire conductors at each end of the central portion are bare of the molybdenum disilicide and,
thus, are particularly well adapted to act as electric terminals of a relative high conductivity. They have good metallic properties making electrical connection possible by a number of methods.
The method of the invention utilizes the step of treating only the central portion of a molybdenum wire to convert it to molybdenum disilicide.
It is also an outstanding feature of the invention that elongated tube-like terminal posts are provided to keep the molybdenum ends cooler and below their oxidation temperature so as to maintain good electrical contact therewith.
Another feature of the invention resides in the fact that portions of post interiors are spaced from the ends of the molybdenum to act as heat radiators to keep the said ends cool. The
spaced portions may be tube-like and extend toward one another along the length of the filament at the ends of the posts.
The above-described and other advantages of the invention will be better understood from the following description when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT In FIG. 1, an igniter is shown including end portions 11 and 12 of molybdenum bonded to a central portion 13 of molybdenum disilicide. Note will be taken that portions 11 and 12 are tapered at 14 and 15, respectively. This provides a strong bond of portions 11 and 12 to portion 13. Further, por-.
tions 11 and 12 are bare of the molybdenum disilicide at 16 and 17 and, therefore, can act as electric terminals of a relatively high conductivity.
If desired, points 18 and 19 of portions 11 and 12 may be connected by a filament of molybdenum.
Igniter 10 is manufactured by converting only the central portion of a wire of molybdenum to molybdenum disilicide.
The manner in which igniter 10 is used is shown in FIG. 2 including a pilot burner 20, a support 21 for the igniter I0, and means 22 to pass electric current through the igniter 10.
Igniter 10 may be bent to the U-shape shown in FIG. 2 before the conversion to molybdenum disilicide is made in accordance with the method of the invention.
In FIG. 3, the filament is indicated at 23 including molybdenum end portions 24 and 25, and a molybdenum disilicide central portion 26.
Terminal posts 27 and 28 may be swaged upon or otherwise fixed to end portions 24 and 25, respectively.
Filament 26 has a circular cross section throughout its entire length. The outside diameter of filament is the same everywhere along its length. Posts 27 and 28 have a symmetrical'axis and perfect axial symmetry.
Entirely conventional lugs 29 and 30 with attached leads 3] and 32, respectively, are fixed between an insulator 33 and eyelets 34 and 35 which are integral with posts 27 and 28, respectively.
Posts 27 and 28 have external shoulders 36 and 37, respectively. Shoulders 36 and 37 with eyelets 34 and 35 hold posts 27 and 28 in fixed positions relative to insulator 33 through holes 38 and 39 therethrough, respectively.
Posts 27 and 28 have cylindrical end portions 40 and 41, respectively, spaced from filament portions 24 and 25, respectively, to provide heat radiators to keep portions 24 and 25 cool. Portions 25 and 25 will therefore not oxidize and good electrical connections will be maintained secure between portions 24 and 25 and posts 27 and 28, respectively. The difference between the maximum radius of filament end portion 25 and the maximum inside radius of post 28 is typically shown at A FIG. 3.
Parts 27, 28, 29, 30, 31 and 32 are suitable highly conductive metal.
What is claimed is:
l. A resistance 'wire heater comprising: insulation means; first and second conductive terminal posts fixed relative to said means, said first and second posts being elongated hollow bodies open at least at one end: a conductive filament having first and second ends extending into said one end of each post, said first and second filament ends being electrically connected to one end of each of said first and second posts, respectively, said one end of each post being positioned out of contact with said first and second filament ends, said one end of each post extending axially in a position surrounding a corresponding filament end over a substantial length thereof, but spaced therefrom first and second portions of the lengths of said first and second posts, respectively, from respective points intermediate their ends to said one end of each are first and second hollow conductive cylinders having concentric internal and external surfaces, said filament having first and second portions contiguous to the internal surfaces of said first and second cylinders, respectively, said filament portions being straight and having uniform circular cross sections, respectively, concentric with said cylinders, the diameters of said first and second filament portions being less than the inside diameters of said first and second cylinders, respectively, the said one end of one post opening in a direction along said filament toward the said one open end of the other post thereon, said filament having a circular cross section of the same diameter throughout its entire length, a central portion of molybdenum disilicide, said central portion having a hollow conical bore at each end, said filament first and second ends having conical end portions to mate with said bores, said conical end portions being fixed in said bores, and means including a dielectric plate having flat and parallel surfaces on each side thereof, and two cylindrical holes therethrough normal to said flat surfaces, said posts projecting through said holes, respectively, both of said first and second post ends being located one and the same side of said plate, said posts being snugly fitted in said plate holes, those portions of said posts located in said plate holes having cylindrical external surfaces of diameters only slightly less than the diameters of the respective preferrably made of any plate, two conductive annular lugs around said two posts, respectively, clamped between said plate and the respective eyelet flanges, and an electrical lead conductively bonded to each lug, both of said posts being hollow throughout their entire lengths and open at both ends thereof.
4 l 1 I V
US35396A 1970-05-07 1970-05-07 Electric resistance wire igniter with a cooling terminal posts construction Expired - Lifetime US3662222A (en)

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Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3842319A (en) * 1972-02-04 1974-10-15 Tappan Co Gas igniter
US3875476A (en) * 1974-01-10 1975-04-01 Honeywell Inc Igniter element
US3918878A (en) * 1973-08-17 1975-11-11 Chemotronics International Inc Apparatus and method of ignition for combustible gases
US3928910A (en) * 1972-09-18 1975-12-30 Tappan Co Gas igniter
FR2353973A1 (en) * 1976-03-12 1977-12-30 Carborundum Co PROCESS FOR FORMING AN ELECTRICAL CONNECTION AND PRODUCT OBTAINED
USRE29853E (en) * 1972-09-18 1978-11-28 The Tappan Company Gas igniter
US4260872A (en) * 1978-03-13 1981-04-07 General Refractories Company Ceramic ignitor
US4617548A (en) * 1985-01-07 1986-10-14 Burroughs Corporation Current sensing resistance apparatus
US5804092A (en) * 1995-05-31 1998-09-08 Saint-Gobain/Norton Industrial Ceramics Corporation Modular ceramic igniter with metallized coatings on the end portions thereof and associated terminal socket
US20040139876A1 (en) * 2003-01-20 2004-07-22 Midwest Research Institute, Inc. Igniter assembly
US20040146825A1 (en) * 2002-11-05 2004-07-29 Michael Kramer Combustion chamber, particularly for vehicle heating device
US20050236399A1 (en) * 2002-04-05 2005-10-27 Sandvik Ab Method of marking a heating element of the molybdenum silicide type and a heating element
US20050252909A1 (en) * 2002-04-05 2005-11-17 Jan Andersson Electrical heating resistance element
US20090260852A1 (en) * 2008-02-29 2009-10-22 Fort Wayne Metals Research Products Corporation Alternating core composite wire
US20130146579A1 (en) * 2010-07-30 2013-06-13 Kyocera Corporation Heater and glow plug provided with same
US20140042145A1 (en) * 2011-04-27 2014-02-13 Kyocera Corporation Heater and glow plug provided with same
DE102019127689B4 (en) * 2019-10-15 2025-10-30 Türk & Hillinger GmbH Electric tubular heating element with connection bolts and manufacturing process for electric tubular heating elements with connection bolts

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1704515A (en) * 1927-04-23 1929-03-05 Stimpson Edwin B Co Radio tube holder
US1963328A (en) * 1928-07-25 1934-06-19 Hudson Electrical Heating Corp Electric heater
US2372212A (en) * 1942-03-03 1945-03-27 American Electro Metal Corp Electrical heating element
US2487754A (en) * 1948-11-26 1949-11-08 Baker & Co Inc Fuel igniter
US2698423A (en) * 1952-03-18 1954-12-28 Interlock Corp Electrical terminal strip and electrical terminal assembly
US2902578A (en) * 1955-11-04 1959-09-01 Controls Co Of America Igniter and igniter assembly for pot burners
US3017540A (en) * 1957-10-29 1962-01-16 Ford Motor Co Glow plug igniter
US3100828A (en) * 1959-09-08 1963-08-13 Jacobs Gerhard Source of radiation for infrared spectrophotometers
US3163709A (en) * 1962-02-02 1964-12-29 Hughes Aircraft Co Hollow solder terminal having a drill guide opening
US3190953A (en) * 1961-06-15 1965-06-22 Martin Marietta Corp Channel flanged capillary eyelet for printed circuit boards
US3437880A (en) * 1967-02-16 1969-04-08 Franz Profunser Electric gas ignitor
US3562590A (en) * 1969-03-17 1971-02-09 Robertshaw Controls Co Electric igniter construction

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1704515A (en) * 1927-04-23 1929-03-05 Stimpson Edwin B Co Radio tube holder
US1963328A (en) * 1928-07-25 1934-06-19 Hudson Electrical Heating Corp Electric heater
US2372212A (en) * 1942-03-03 1945-03-27 American Electro Metal Corp Electrical heating element
US2487754A (en) * 1948-11-26 1949-11-08 Baker & Co Inc Fuel igniter
US2698423A (en) * 1952-03-18 1954-12-28 Interlock Corp Electrical terminal strip and electrical terminal assembly
US2902578A (en) * 1955-11-04 1959-09-01 Controls Co Of America Igniter and igniter assembly for pot burners
US3017540A (en) * 1957-10-29 1962-01-16 Ford Motor Co Glow plug igniter
US3100828A (en) * 1959-09-08 1963-08-13 Jacobs Gerhard Source of radiation for infrared spectrophotometers
US3190953A (en) * 1961-06-15 1965-06-22 Martin Marietta Corp Channel flanged capillary eyelet for printed circuit boards
US3163709A (en) * 1962-02-02 1964-12-29 Hughes Aircraft Co Hollow solder terminal having a drill guide opening
US3437880A (en) * 1967-02-16 1969-04-08 Franz Profunser Electric gas ignitor
US3562590A (en) * 1969-03-17 1971-02-09 Robertshaw Controls Co Electric igniter construction

Cited By (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3842319A (en) * 1972-02-04 1974-10-15 Tappan Co Gas igniter
US3928910A (en) * 1972-09-18 1975-12-30 Tappan Co Gas igniter
USRE29853E (en) * 1972-09-18 1978-11-28 The Tappan Company Gas igniter
US3918878A (en) * 1973-08-17 1975-11-11 Chemotronics International Inc Apparatus and method of ignition for combustible gases
US3875476A (en) * 1974-01-10 1975-04-01 Honeywell Inc Igniter element
FR2353973A1 (en) * 1976-03-12 1977-12-30 Carborundum Co PROCESS FOR FORMING AN ELECTRICAL CONNECTION AND PRODUCT OBTAINED
US4260872A (en) * 1978-03-13 1981-04-07 General Refractories Company Ceramic ignitor
US4617548A (en) * 1985-01-07 1986-10-14 Burroughs Corporation Current sensing resistance apparatus
US5804092A (en) * 1995-05-31 1998-09-08 Saint-Gobain/Norton Industrial Ceramics Corporation Modular ceramic igniter with metallized coatings on the end portions thereof and associated terminal socket
US20050252909A1 (en) * 2002-04-05 2005-11-17 Jan Andersson Electrical heating resistance element
US8053710B2 (en) * 2002-04-05 2011-11-08 Sandvik Intellectual Property Aktiebolag Method of making a heating element of the molybdenum silicide type and a heating element
US20050236399A1 (en) * 2002-04-05 2005-10-27 Sandvik Ab Method of marking a heating element of the molybdenum silicide type and a heating element
US7164103B2 (en) * 2002-04-05 2007-01-16 Sandvik Intellectual Property Aktiebolag Electrical heating resistance element
US7335016B2 (en) * 2002-11-05 2008-02-26 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Combustion chamber, particularly for vehicle heating device
US20040146825A1 (en) * 2002-11-05 2004-07-29 Michael Kramer Combustion chamber, particularly for vehicle heating device
US20040139876A1 (en) * 2003-01-20 2004-07-22 Midwest Research Institute, Inc. Igniter assembly
US7264775B2 (en) 2003-01-20 2007-09-04 Midwest Research Institute, Inc. Igniter assembly
US20090260852A1 (en) * 2008-02-29 2009-10-22 Fort Wayne Metals Research Products Corporation Alternating core composite wire
US7989703B2 (en) 2008-02-29 2011-08-02 Fort Wayne Metals Research Products Corporation Alternating core composite wire
US20130146579A1 (en) * 2010-07-30 2013-06-13 Kyocera Corporation Heater and glow plug provided with same
US9702559B2 (en) * 2010-07-30 2017-07-11 Kyocera Corporation Heater and glow plug provided with same
US20140042145A1 (en) * 2011-04-27 2014-02-13 Kyocera Corporation Heater and glow plug provided with same
US9491805B2 (en) * 2011-04-27 2016-11-08 Kyocera Corporation Heater and glow plug provided with same
US10299317B2 (en) 2011-04-27 2019-05-21 Kyocera Corporation Heater and glow plug provided with same
DE102019127689B4 (en) * 2019-10-15 2025-10-30 Türk & Hillinger GmbH Electric tubular heating element with connection bolts and manufacturing process for electric tubular heating elements with connection bolts

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