US3573874A - Sealing rings - Google Patents
Sealing rings Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3573874A US3573874A US719447A US3573874DA US3573874A US 3573874 A US3573874 A US 3573874A US 719447 A US719447 A US 719447A US 3573874D A US3573874D A US 3573874DA US 3573874 A US3573874 A US 3573874A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- ring
- deposit
- sealing ring
- wear resistant
- peripheral surface
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J9/00—Piston-rings, e.g. non-metallic piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction
- F16J9/26—Piston-rings, e.g. non-metallic piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction characterised by the use of particular materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
- F02B1/02—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition
- F02B1/04—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition with fuel-air mixture admission into cylinder
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S277/00—Seal for a joint or juncture
- Y10S277/935—Seal made of a particular material
- Y10S277/939—Containing metal
Definitions
- 3573874 lnvcnlar A llorney SEALING RINGS The present invention relates to sealing rings, and more particularly to piston rings for internal combustion engines or compressors, the outer-peripheral or cylinder engaging surfaces of which arejcoated' or inlaid with a wear resistant material which prolongs the life of the rings.
- Piston rings of this type possess the disadvantage that they require an extended bedding-in period, and it has been proposed to accelerate this bedding-in in a number of ways.
- One method which; has been proposed is to machine the peripheral surface of the base ring so as to form therein a plurality of lands or peaks, or a continuous helical land in the fonn of a screw thread, and then to plate the periphery with a wear resistant material such as chromium, so that the resultant coating reproduces the contours of the periphery of the base ring.
- a wear resistant material such as chromium
- a sealing ring particularly a piston ring for an internal combustion engine, comprising abase ring, the outer periphery of which includes a generally plane cylindrical zone, said zone being provided with a coating of a wear resistant material, the outer peripheral surface of which coating is provided with a plurality of axially spaced circumferentially extending lands or peaks.
- the invention also consists in a method of manufacturing a sealing ring as previously defined, which comprises applying to a plane cylindrical outer peripheral zone of a base ring, a coating of a wear resistant material, and machining or otherwise forrning the outer peripheral surface of the coating to produce thereon a plurality of axially spaced circumferentially extending lands or peaks.
- the invention also consists in an internal combustion engine incorporating one or more sealing rings as previously defined.
- wear resistant material used herein and in the claims is meant a material having a wear resistance which is superior to that of the material of the base ring.
- H08. 1 to 3 are transverse sections of sealing rings constructed in accordance with various embodiments of this invention. 4
- a sealing ring and in particular a piston ring-for an internal combustion engine, which comprises a base ring 1 formed, for example, from cast iron or steel, having a cylindrical outer peripheral surface 2.
- This surface 2 may, as shown, be beveled at 3.
- a wear resistant material 4 such as chromium, which is machined or otherwise formed to provide a plurality of circumferentially extending axially spaced, lands or peaks 5 which, during operation of the ring, constitute the cylinder engaging surfaces thereof.
- the wear resistant material 4 is deposited in a circumferentially extending channel 6 in the outer peripheral surface of the base ring 1.
- the outer peripheral surface of the wear resistant material 4, as well as the axial extremities of the base ring 1 are then machined or otherwise formed to produce the peaks 5 and 7 respectively.
- the peaks 5 and 7 since they present a comparatively small contact area to the wall of the cylinder within which they are located, wear down comparatively rapidly, thus accelerating bedding-in. Furthermore, the grooves between the peaks serve to retain oil, which is important when the rings are employed as top compression rings which generally tend to be starved of oil.
- the corrugated periphery of the deposit may be provided with an overlay of a soft bearing material such as copper, tin, polytetrafluoroethylene, silver or the like. Such a construction is illustrated in FIG. 3, where the overlay is indicated at 8.
- This overlay 8 lies in and fills the grooves between adjacent peaks 5, but due to its comparatively soft nature does not retard bedding-in, since the peaks of the wear resistant material, will rapidly come into contact with the cylinder bore during initial 7 and 6 thou., whilst a petrol engine piston ring of up to 4" diameter may have a deposit thickness of between 2 and 3 thou.
- the peak height may be approximately one-tenth thou, and, for rings of the order of Va" in axial thickness, there may be of the order of l0 axially spaced lands or peaks.
- wear resistant material may be electroplated chromium
- other wear resistant materials may be employed, which may be applied by different techniques.
- molybdenum, aluminum oxide, tungsten carbide or the like may be employed, and the chosen material may be applied by spraying instead of plating, for example, by means of a flame gun or plasma spray gun.
- the soft overlay 8 illustrated in FIG. 3 may also be applied to the ring shown in FIG. 1 or 2.
- the lands or peaks may be separate, axially spaced peaks, or may be formed, in the manner of a screw thread around the periphery of the wear resistant coating, as a single helical peak.
- a piston ring for a high speed internal combustion engine comprising a base ring, the radially outer periphery of which includes a generally cylindrical zone defined by the locus of a straight line extending substantially parallel to the ring axis and moved around a generally circular path, the
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
Abstract
This specification discloses a sealing ring particularly a piston ring for an internal combustion engine, comprising a base ring, the outer periphery of which includes a generally plane cylindrical zone, and a coating of a wear resistant material provided on said zone. In the ring disclosed, the outer peripheral surface of the coating is provided with a plurality of axially spaced circumferentially extending lands.
Description
United States Patent lnventors Harold T. Hill;
Ronald Morris Caton, Sway, England Appl. No. 719,447 Filed Apr. 8, 1968 Patented Apr. 6, 1971 Assignee Wellworthy Limited [56] References Cited FOREIGN PATENTS 67,325 4/ 1940 Czechoslovakia 277/208 930,089 7/1963 Great Britain 277/235(A) 877,905 9/1942 France 277/223 Prinrary Examiner-Samuel B. Rothberg Attorney-Holcombe, Wetherill & Brisebois ABSTRACT: This specification discloses a sealing ring particularly a piston ring for an internal combustion engine, comprising a base ring, the outer periphery of which includes a generally plane cylindrical zone, and a coating of a wear resistant material provided on said zone. in the ring disclosed, the outer peripheral surface of the coating is provided with a plurality of axially spaced circumferentially extending lands.
PATENTEDAPR 6l97| 3573874 lnvcnlar A llorney SEALING RINGS The present invention relates to sealing rings, and more particularly to piston rings for internal combustion engines or compressors, the outer-peripheral or cylinder engaging surfaces of which arejcoated' or inlaid with a wear resistant material which prolongs the life of the rings.
Piston rings of this type possess the disadvantage that they require an extended bedding-in period, and it has been proposed to accelerate this bedding-in in a number of ways. One method which; has been proposed is to machine the peripheral surface of the base ring so as to form therein a plurality of lands or peaks, or a continuous helical land in the fonn of a screw thread, and then to plate the periphery with a wear resistant material such as chromium, so that the resultant coating reproduces the contours of the periphery of the base ring. During initial operation of such a ring, the land or lands engage the cylinder wall and are worn down comparatively quickly, thus accelerating bedding-in.
It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved piston ring of the previously'mentioned type.
According to the present invention there is provided a sealing ring, particularly a piston ring for an internal combustion engine, comprising abase ring, the outer periphery of which includes a generally plane cylindrical zone, said zone being provided with a coating of a wear resistant material, the outer peripheral surface of which coating is provided with a plurality of axially spaced circumferentially extending lands or peaks.
The invention also consists in a method of manufacturing a sealing ring as previously defined, which comprises applying to a plane cylindrical outer peripheral zone of a base ring, a coating of a wear resistant material, and machining or otherwise forrning the outer peripheral surface of the coating to produce thereon a plurality of axially spaced circumferentially extending lands or peaks.
The invention also consists in an internal combustion engine incorporating one or more sealing rings as previously defined.
By the term wear resistant material" used herein and in the claims is meant a material having a wear resistance which is superior to that of the material of the base ring.
In order that the invention may be more readily understood, reference will now be made to the accompanying drawing, in
which:
H08. 1 to 3 are transverse sections of sealing rings constructed in accordance with various embodiments of this invention. 4
Referring to FIG. I, there is shown a sealing ring, and in particular a piston ring-for an internal combustion engine, which comprises a base ring 1 formed, for example, from cast iron or steel, having a cylindrical outer peripheral surface 2. This surface 2 may, as shown, be beveled at 3. Applied to the surface 2, for example, by electroplating, is a deposit of a wear resistant material 4, such as chromium, which is machined or otherwise formed to provide a plurality of circumferentially extending axially spaced, lands or peaks 5 which, during operation of the ring, constitute the cylinder engaging surfaces thereof.
in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the wear resistant material 4 is deposited in a circumferentially extending channel 6 in the outer peripheral surface of the base ring 1. The outer peripheral surface of the wear resistant material 4, as well as the axial extremities of the base ring 1 are then machined or otherwise formed to produce the peaks 5 and 7 respectively.
During initial operation of the piston rings illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, the peaks 5 and 7, since they present a comparatively small contact area to the wall of the cylinder within which they are located, wear down comparatively rapidly, thus accelerating bedding-in. Furthermore, the grooves between the peaks serve to retain oil, which is important when the rings are employed as top compression rings which generally tend to be starved of oil.
In some cases, however, these grooves tend to collect oil and pass this oil up into the combustion chamber above the crown of the piston to which the rings are assembled. In such applications, in order to avord this disadvantage, the corrugated periphery of the deposit may be provided with an overlay of a soft bearing material such as copper, tin, polytetrafluoroethylene, silver or the like. Such a construction is illustrated in FIG. 3, where the overlay is indicated at 8. This overlay 8 lies in and fills the grooves between adjacent peaks 5, but due to its comparatively soft nature does not retard bedding-in, since the peaks of the wear resistant material, will rapidly come into contact with the cylinder bore during initial 7 and 6 thou., whilst a petrol engine piston ring of up to 4" diameter may have a deposit thickness of between 2 and 3 thou. The peak height may be approximately one-tenth thou, and, for rings of the order of Va" in axial thickness, there may be of the order of l0 axially spaced lands or peaks.
It will be understood that various modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. For example, although the wear resistant material may be electroplated chromium, it is to be understood that other wear resistant materials may be employed, which may be applied by different techniques. For example, molybdenum, aluminum oxide, tungsten carbide or the like may be employed, and the chosen material may be applied by spraying instead of plating, for example, by means of a flame gun or plasma spray gun. Moreover, the soft overlay 8 illustrated in FIG. 3, may also be applied to the ring shown in FIG. 1 or 2.
The lands or peaks may be separate, axially spaced peaks, or may be formed, in the manner of a screw thread around the periphery of the wear resistant coating, as a single helical peak.
We claim:
1. A piston ring for a high speed internal combustion engine, comprising a base ring, the radially outer periphery of which includes a generally cylindrical zone defined by the locus of a straight line extending substantially parallel to the ring axis and moved around a generally circular path, the
center of which is coincident with the ring axis, and a thin' deposit of a wear resistant material possessing a hardness greater than that of the material of the base ring built up in situ on said zone to an overall radial thickness between 0.002 and 0.006 inch, the outer peripheral surface of which deposit constitutes the running surface of the sealing ring, and is provided with a plurality of axially closely spaced circumferentially ex tending lands which define therebetween a plurality of grooves, the radial depth of which is substantially less than said radial thickness of the deposit.
2. A sealing ring as claimed in claim 1, wherein the wear resistant deposit is provided in a circumferentially extending channel in the outer peripheral surface of the base ring.
3. A sealing ring as claimed in claim 1, wherein an overlay of a soft bearing material lies between adjacent lands of said deposit.
4. A sealing ring as claimed in claim 2, wherein the base ring is formed from one of the following materials, namely: cast iron and steel, and wherein said wear resistant material is selected from one of the following materials, namely: chromium, molybdenum, aluminum oxide and tungsten carbide.
5. A sealing ring as claimed in claim 1 in which said deposit is chromium.
Claims (4)
1. A piston ring for a high speed internal combustion engine, comprising a base ring, the radially outer periphery of which includes a generally cylindrical zone defined by the locus of a straight line extending substantially parallel to the ring axis and moved around a generally circular path, the center of which is coincident with the ring axis, and a thin deposit of a wear resistant material possessing a hardness greater than that of the material of the base ring built up in situ on said zone to an overall radial thickness between 0.002 and 0.006 inch, the outer peripheral surface of which deposit constitutes the running surface of the sealing ring, and is provided with a plurality of axially closely spaced circumferentially extEnding lands which define therebetween a plurality of grooves, the radial depth of which is substantially less than said radial thickness of the deposit.
2. A sealing ring as claimed in claim 1, wherein the wear resistant deposit is provided in a circumferentially extending channel in the outer peripheral surface of the base ring.
3. A sealing ring as claimed in claim 1, wherein an overlay of a soft bearing material lies between adjacent lands of said deposit. 4. A sealing ring as claimed in claim 2, wherein the base ring is formed from one of the following materials, namely: cast iron and steel, and wherein said wear resistant material is selected from one of the following materials, namely: chromium, molybdenum, aluminum oxide and tungsten carbide.
5. A sealing ring as claimed in claim 1 in which said deposit is chromium.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB06880/67A GB1222072A (en) | 1967-04-12 | 1967-04-12 | Improvements in or relating to sealing rings |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3573874A true US3573874A (en) | 1971-04-06 |
Family
ID=10085344
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US719447A Expired - Lifetime US3573874A (en) | 1967-04-12 | 1968-04-08 | Sealing rings |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3573874A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH488951A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE1750250A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR1563340A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1222072A (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3770286A (en) * | 1971-03-11 | 1973-11-06 | Dana Corp | Piston ring |
| US3810637A (en) * | 1972-01-14 | 1974-05-14 | Mecanique Ind Int | Shaft packing |
| US4235447A (en) * | 1978-07-10 | 1980-11-25 | General Motors Corporation | Low friction oil control piston ring |
| US6412822B1 (en) * | 1998-02-18 | 2002-07-02 | Nippon Pillar Packing Co., Ltd. | Rotary joint |
| US20040201175A1 (en) * | 2003-01-10 | 2004-10-14 | Michael Buchmann | Drive seal |
| WO2007137716A1 (en) * | 2006-05-29 | 2007-12-06 | Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh | Protective coating for components of a weapon or the like |
| US20100019457A1 (en) * | 2007-02-17 | 2010-01-28 | Johannes Esser | Piston ring |
| US20150267813A1 (en) * | 2014-03-18 | 2015-09-24 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Compression piston ring for an internal combusion engine |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3606359A (en) * | 1969-08-08 | 1971-09-20 | Ramsey Corp | Tungsten carbide coated piston rings |
| US4256318A (en) * | 1980-04-28 | 1981-03-17 | Sealed Power Corporation | Piston ring |
| WO1988000289A1 (en) * | 1986-07-09 | 1988-01-14 | Engine Technology Limited | Piston rings |
| DE4243417A1 (en) * | 1992-09-01 | 1994-03-24 | Daetwyler Ag | Rectangular sealing ring for fuel injectors - has minimum three projections on opposite sides with interposed indents for extra sealing security. |
| EP0643242A1 (en) * | 1993-07-30 | 1995-03-15 | NAGEL Maschinen- und Werkzeugfabrik GmbH | Element forming a part of a working chamber from a motor having a coating |
| JPH07139631A (en) * | 1993-11-19 | 1995-05-30 | Nippon Piston Ring Co Ltd | Pressure ring |
| RU2284428C2 (en) * | 2004-10-26 | 2006-09-27 | Закрытое акционерное общество "Барнаульский котельный завод" (ЗАО "БКЗ") | Piston ring |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CS67325A (en) * | ||||
| FR877905A (en) * | 1939-10-26 | 1943-01-06 | Goetzewerk | Piston ring |
| GB930089A (en) * | 1959-05-15 | 1963-07-03 | Goetzewerke | Piston ring |
-
1967
- 1967-04-12 GB GB06880/67A patent/GB1222072A/en not_active Expired
-
1968
- 1968-04-08 US US719447A patent/US3573874A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1968-04-11 FR FR1563340D patent/FR1563340A/fr not_active Expired
- 1968-04-11 DE DE19681750250 patent/DE1750250A1/en active Pending
- 1968-04-11 CH CH543168A patent/CH488951A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CS67325A (en) * | ||||
| FR877905A (en) * | 1939-10-26 | 1943-01-06 | Goetzewerk | Piston ring |
| GB930089A (en) * | 1959-05-15 | 1963-07-03 | Goetzewerke | Piston ring |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3770286A (en) * | 1971-03-11 | 1973-11-06 | Dana Corp | Piston ring |
| US3810637A (en) * | 1972-01-14 | 1974-05-14 | Mecanique Ind Int | Shaft packing |
| US4235447A (en) * | 1978-07-10 | 1980-11-25 | General Motors Corporation | Low friction oil control piston ring |
| US6412822B1 (en) * | 1998-02-18 | 2002-07-02 | Nippon Pillar Packing Co., Ltd. | Rotary joint |
| US20040201175A1 (en) * | 2003-01-10 | 2004-10-14 | Michael Buchmann | Drive seal |
| WO2007137716A1 (en) * | 2006-05-29 | 2007-12-06 | Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh | Protective coating for components of a weapon or the like |
| US20100019457A1 (en) * | 2007-02-17 | 2010-01-28 | Johannes Esser | Piston ring |
| US8235393B2 (en) * | 2007-02-17 | 2012-08-07 | Federal-Mogul Burscheid Gmbh | Piston ring |
| US20150267813A1 (en) * | 2014-03-18 | 2015-09-24 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Compression piston ring for an internal combusion engine |
| US10113643B2 (en) * | 2014-03-18 | 2018-10-30 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Compression piston ring for an internal combustion engine |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR1563340A (en) | 1969-04-11 |
| GB1222072A (en) | 1971-02-10 |
| DE1750250A1 (en) | 1971-01-21 |
| CH488951A (en) | 1970-04-15 |
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