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US3486461A - Method and apparatus for aligning track - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for aligning track Download PDF

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Publication number
US3486461A
US3486461A US701250A US3486461DA US3486461A US 3486461 A US3486461 A US 3486461A US 701250 A US701250 A US 701250A US 3486461D A US3486461D A US 3486461DA US 3486461 A US3486461 A US 3486461A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
track
aligning
acting
tools
ties
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US701250A
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English (en)
Inventor
Franz Plasser
Josef Theurer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Franz Plasser Bahnbaumaschinen Industrie GmbH
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3486461A publication Critical patent/US3486461A/en
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B27/00—Placing, renewing, working, cleaning, or taking-up the ballast, with or without concurrent work on the track; Devices therefor; Packing sleepers
    • E01B27/12—Packing sleepers, with or without concurrent work on the track; Compacting track-carrying ballast
    • E01B27/13—Packing sleepers, with or without concurrent work on the track
    • E01B27/16—Sleeper-tamping machines
    • E01B27/17—Sleeper-tamping machines combined with means for lifting, levelling or slewing the track
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B2203/00—Devices for working the railway-superstructure
    • E01B2203/10—Track-lifting or-lining devices or methods
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B2203/00—Devices for working the railway-superstructure
    • E01B2203/12—Tamping devices
    • E01B2203/127—Tamping devices vibrating the track surface
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B2203/00—Devices for working the railway-superstructure
    • E01B2203/14—Way of locomotion or support
    • E01B2203/148—Way of locomotion or support having wheelsets that can be displaced horizontally or vertically

Definitions

  • An improved method and apparatus for the lateral alignment of track wherein the forces necessary for the lateral displacement of the track are exerted both on the rails and on the ties embedded in the ballast; the force acting on the tie heads is applied either directly to the tie end face or indirectly through the ballast in front of the tie.
  • the ballast is tamped by surface compaction during the displacement on the side from which the track is moved.
  • An additional, downwardly directed force is applied to the aligning tools in order to prevent undesirable level distortion of the track during the alignment.
  • the invention relates, as indicated, to track aligning apparatus for correcting straight or curved track sections.
  • Known apparatus for aligning track are equipped with aligning tools which act on one or both rails of the track in order to shift the same together with their ties within the ballast. This displacement is effected from the position of the track into a corrected position, determined by measuring results, calculations or plans. Since the aligning tools of the known track aligning machines act on the track, whilst the resistance caused by the ballast is active mainly on the end faces of the tie, these two forces form a couple tending to tilt the ties, and thus also tending to change the level of the rails in an undesirable manner. In addition, since the transverse aligning forces must also be transmitted to the ties via the fixing means for the rails to the ties, these are highly stressed, and may even be damaged, if the aligning forces applied thereto are great.
  • the main object of the present invention is amethod and apparatus for aligning track, wherein the springing back of the track is avoided so that over-alignment is no longer necessary.
  • FIG. 1 is a side elevation of a complete track aligning machine comprising an apparatus according to the invention for aligning the track;
  • FIG. 2 is a view of the apparatus according to the invention, viewed in the longitudinal direction of the track;
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged detailed view of the apparatus of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a modified embodiment of the apparatus accord to the invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagrammatical top view explanatory of the functioning of the apparatus according to the invention for the lateral alignment of track.
  • a track aligning machine shown generally at 2, and equipped with an apparatusv according to the invention, is adapted to travel on the rails 1 of a track.
  • the machine is a leveling-straightening-tamping machine.
  • the straightening tool unit is shown generally at 3. It is located substantially in the longitudinal center of the chassis 4 of the machine 2, which chassis is mounted on bogies 4' and 4".
  • the track aligning machine 2 has in its front part (on the left in FIG. 1) tamping tools 6, serving to tamp the ties 5 after these have been moved to the correct level.
  • the machine 2 has roller grips 7 for lifting the track, one pair of these rollers being associated with each rail and adapted to be lifted by a lifting mechanism 8.
  • Small trolleys 9 serve for mounting and anchoring reference lines, serving as basis for monitoring the lateral alignment of the track and represented, for example, by wires. Similarly, the raising of the track is also monitored by reference lines, the rearward end 10 of which is located within the track aligning machine 2 and extending to a leading trolley, located in the as yet uncorrected track Zone. The rear end of this reference line, which may also be a wire, is mounted independently movable relative to the rails 1 at 11. These details do not form part of the invention and will not be described in detail in the following description. Reference is made, by way of example, to our prior Patents Nos. 3,192,870, 3, 211,109 and 3,314,373.
  • the chassis 4 of the aligning machine 2 has brackets 12 serving to mount laterally movable straightening or aligning tools 3' acting on the rails 1.
  • These aligning tools 3' comprise each substantially a support arm 15, connected via a ball joint 16 pivotably with one of the brackets 12, rigidly mounted on the chassis 4, two holders 18, extending slopingly downwardly towards the front and rear respectively, connected through joints 17 with the support arm 15, and wheels 13, received in the holders 18 by shafts 13' and rotatably mounted in the said shafts 13.
  • the joints 17, which connect the holders 18 to the support arm 15, permit a pivotal movement of the holders in a vertical plane parallel to the track axis.
  • the upper ends of these piston-cylinder units 20 are hinged to lugs 15 of the support arm 15, projecting towards both sides.
  • the wheels 13 roll along the rail heads of the associated rails 1. They have flanges 13a which overlie the rail head flanks on both sides and have such profiles that they rest flush on the rail head flanks and can transmit forces acting on the rails 13 (in the direction of the plane of FIG. 2) to the associated rail.
  • the radial width of the wheel flanges 13a is such that they can make contact with the rail head flanks over their whole height or almost over their Whole height. This ensures not only :a uniform transmission of the force, but produced, in View of the usually upwardly tapering rail head flanks, a downwardly directed component of the horizontal force which has a beneficial effect on the quality of the alignment, as will be explained further below.
  • the wheels 13 are mounted exchangeably in the holders 18 by means of the said shafts 13 so as to enable different wheels to be fitted in accordance with the rail profile.
  • the width of the wheels 13 is such that, when one wheel flange 13a rests on the rail, the other is spaced therefrom with a certain clearance.
  • the exchangeable mounting of the shafts 13 in the holders 18 is indicated by dotted lines.
  • the shafts 13 may be secured in the holders 18 by means well known in the art, for example, by screws.
  • hydraulic units 21, 22, associated with each aligning units 3' acting on the rail.
  • the hydraulic units 21, 22 are substantially horizontal; the facing inner ends of the cylinders 21 are hinged to the chassis 4 and the outwardly pointing ends of the pistons 22 are each connected with one support arm 15.
  • the hydraulic units 21, 22 communicate via conduits 21' with a pressure medium source, not shown, and located inside the track aligning machine 2, e.g., a hydraulic pump, and are supplied with pressure medium thereby.
  • the hydraulic units communicates through conduits 20 with the same or with another pressure medium source within the track aligning machine 2.
  • the supply of pressure medium may be controlled by means of suitable valves, not shown in the drawing.
  • aligning tools 3 On both sides of the chassis 4, there are lateral aligning tools, shown generally at 3, which do not act on the rails, as do the aligning tools 3, but are placed outside the heads of the ties 5 on the ballast 24.
  • These aligning tools 3" comprise substantially each a pair of laterally projecting support arms 25, located under the chassis 4 and hinged to the piston-cylinder units 27, 28; substantially vertical hydraulic units 30, 31 whose piston rods are articulated at a certain distance from the outer ends of the support arms 25; and a surface tamper 23 hinged always to the outer end of the support arm 25.
  • the surface tampers 23 extend, as shown in FIG. 3, substantially parallel to the rails 1 outside the ties and have a length amounting to a multiple of the spacing between the ties.
  • the hydraulic units 28, 27 and 30, 31 act on the surface tampers 23 in the vicinity of their leading and trailing ends.
  • each surface tamper 23 is equipped with a downwardly projecting member 34 in the shape of a longitudinal rib which penetrates into the ballast 24.
  • the substantially vertical hydraulic units 30, 31 are mounted on arms 33, rigidly connected with the chassis 4, and are pivotable in a vertical plane perpendicularly to the track axis.
  • FIG. 4 shows a modification of the apparatus shown in FIG. 2, differing in that the laterally adjustable aligning tools 3" acting on the end faces of the ties 5, and the aligning tools 3 acting on the rails 1, have a common drive.
  • the support arms 25 are here hinged by their inner ends to the outer ends of the pistons 22 of the piston-cylinder units 21, 22 and are actuated thereby.
  • the wheels 13 are located in the holders 18 under the action of the hydraulic units 20 in an upwardly pivoted rest position and out of engagement with the rails 1, as shown by dotted lines in FIG. 3. Also the tampers are raised and out of engagement with the ballast.
  • the pistons in the hydraulic units 20 and 30, 31 are actuated by the pressure medium, causing the wheels 13 to be lowered onto the rails 1 and one of the tampers 23 on the side, from which the track is to be removed, onto the ballast 24.
  • the rib-like projection 24 of the tamper 23 enters into the ballast. As indicated by dotted lines in FIG. 4, the rib-like projection may rest either directly on the end face of the tie or be spaced therefrom by a certain amount.
  • vibrators such as eccentric vibrators, supplied either by a conduit, not shown from a source of energy mounted inside the machine 2, or else by energy sources, e.g., electrical batteries, mounted within the tampers 23 themselves.
  • the track aligning machine 2 When the track aligning machine 2 .reaches a position of the track, in which the actual position differs from the correct position, the track is shifted, e.g., to the left in FIG. 2, by the force generated by the hydraulic units 21, 22 and by the force transmitted by the hydraulic units 27, 28 to the surface tampers 23.
  • the force acting on the tie heads via the tampers 23, is transmitted either directly, if the rib-like member rests directly on the tie end face, or indirectly through the ballast thereinbetween, if the tamper 23 is in the position shown by solid lines in FIG. 4.
  • the force applied by the hydraulic units 27, 28 acts on the aligning tools acting on the rails 1.
  • the aligning force affecting the rails is applied by means of a corresponding arrangement of opposite aligning tools 3.
  • the amount of the displacement can be controlled particularly accurately, because the action of the aligning tools 3 is effectively supported by the aligning tools 3" acting on the ties.
  • the forces may be so divided that the aligning tools 3" acting on the tie heads exert a stronger effort than those acting on the rails 3'. This may be controlled by way of the associated hydraulic units 27, 28.
  • FIG. 5 A particularly secure position and fixing of the track in the correct position is achieved if the aligning tools 3" acting on the tie heads are used as shown, as surface tampers 23.
  • the resulting effect is now explained with refer ence to FIG. 5.
  • the plane of oscillation of the eccentric vibrators arranged in the tampers 23 is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the rail. Conveniently, the vibrations produced by the vibrators have an oscillation resultant directed perpendicularly to the rail axis.
  • the surface tampers 23 used in conjunction with the aligning tools 3 acting on the rails 1 are used only on that side of the track, from which the rail is to be laterally displaced.
  • the action of the vibrators produces at these points compacted zones of ballasting which effectively prevent the jumping back of the track into the original faulty position, which may be due to various causes.
  • the displacement of the ties produces also compacted zones on the other side of the track, indicated by circular segments 35; these form under the action of the moving sleeper heads and contribute substantially to the fixing of the track.
  • An essential feature of the method according to the invention is that, as indicated in FIG. 5, the ballast is compacted always only at that side from which the track is to be moved.
  • the compaction should be effected at least partly simultaneously with the movement of the track, i.e., the compaction should be started at the latest during the transverse movement.
  • the surface tampers 23 shift with their rib-like projections 34 at least a part of the ballasting 24 into the zone to be compacted and located in front of the tie heads, perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the track. Also this is a substantial feature of the present invention.
  • an improved apparatus for the lateral alignment of the track by means of a reference system wherein the improvement comprises aligning tools acting on at least one rail of the track and movable transversely of the track and of the said chassis, at least two aligning tools acting on the heads of the said ties and movable transversely of the track and of the chassis, and arranged on opposite longitudinal sides of the said chassis, and means for simultaneously applying forces, directed transversely of the track and to the said aligning tools to shift the track from its real into its corrected position as determined by said reference system.
  • An apparatus as set forth in claim 1 further including means for compacting the ballast in front of the tie heads.
  • the aligning tools acting on the rails comprise wheels with bilateral fianges, which are adapted to the profile of the rail heads, holders for receiving the said wheels, a sup port arm hinged to the chassis of the aligning machine and to which the said holders are articulately fixed, wherein the said devices for applying a transversely directed force act on the said support arm and displace the same in a vertical plane perpendicularly to the track axis.
  • said support arm supports at least two holders and two wheels are mounted in longitudinally spaced relationship exchangeably in the holders.
  • An apparatus as set forth in claim 1 further including means for applying downwardly directed forces to the aligning tools acting on the track and the aligning tools acting on the tie heads.
  • a method for the lateral alignment of tracks comprising the following steps, namely the application of a transversely directed force to at least one rail of a track mounted with its ties in ballasting; the application of a further transversely directed force acting on the heads of the ties on the side from which the track is to be moved; and the shifting of the track under the simultaneous application of both transversely directed forces from its real into its corrected position.
  • a method for the lateral alignment of tracks comprising the following steps, namely the application of a transversely directed force to at least one rail of a track mounted with its ties in ballasting; the application of a further transversely directed force acting on the heads of the ties on the side from which the track is to be moved; the shifting of the track under the simultaneous application of both transversely directed forces from its real into its corrected position; and the tamping or compacting of the ballast during the said lateral shifting in the zone in front of the tie heads on that side of the track from which the track is to be moved.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
US701250A 1967-02-06 1968-01-29 Method and apparatus for aligning track Expired - Lifetime US3486461A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT112867A AT304604B (de) 1967-02-06 1967-02-06 Vorrichtung zum Ausrichten eines Gleises der Seite nach

Publications (1)

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US3486461A true US3486461A (en) 1969-12-30

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US701250A Expired - Lifetime US3486461A (en) 1967-02-06 1968-01-29 Method and apparatus for aligning track

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3486461A (de)
AT (1) AT304604B (de)
CH (1) CH470537A (de)
DE (1) DE1708651C3 (de)
FR (1) FR1554991A (de)
GB (1) GB1211573A (de)
SE (1) SE316496B (de)
SU (2) SU392630A3 (de)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3628460A (en) * 1969-09-15 1971-12-21 Helmuth Rolf Erich Von Beckman Combined tie and rail gripper
US3664265A (en) * 1969-03-24 1972-05-23 Matisa Materiel Ind Sa Process for the alignment of railway tracks
FR2117228A5 (de) * 1970-12-01 1972-07-21 British Railways Board
US3796160A (en) * 1971-11-29 1974-03-12 British Railways Board Maintenance of railway track
US3926123A (en) * 1972-10-13 1975-12-16 Plasser Bahnbaumasch Franz Track surfacing apparatus
US3965822A (en) * 1974-11-11 1976-06-29 Canron, Inc. Shoulder tamping lifting jack
US4046079A (en) * 1975-01-31 1977-09-06 Franz Plasser Bahnbaumaschinen-Industriegesellschaft M.B.H. Track surfacing apparatus
US4066020A (en) * 1976-02-20 1978-01-03 Franz Plasser Bahnbaumaschinen-Industriegesellschaft M.B.H. Mobile track tamping and track position correction machine
US4895078A (en) * 1987-04-10 1990-01-23 Danieli & C. Officine Meccaniche Spa System for the continuous reciprocal self-alignment of rails on sleepers
US5419259A (en) * 1993-03-17 1995-05-30 Franz Plasser Bahnbaumaschinen-Industriegesellschaft M.B.H. Machine for compacting track ballast with variable gauge track stabilizer
US5598782A (en) * 1992-06-05 1997-02-04 British Railways Board Methods of railway track maintenance

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110453552A (zh) * 2019-08-21 2019-11-15 长沙瀚鹏电子技术有限公司 一种铁路道岔捣固车三轨同步起道的实现方法和装置

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2693769A (en) * 1952-01-10 1954-11-09 Frank J Herlehy Railroad track lining machine
US2869476A (en) * 1954-03-29 1959-01-20 Kershaw Mfg Company Inc Railroad track raising and ballast tamping apparatus
US2926616A (en) * 1954-11-04 1960-03-01 Nordberg Manufacturing Co Track lining machine
US3196803A (en) * 1963-05-20 1965-07-27 Plasser Franz Mobile track aligning machine and method

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2693769A (en) * 1952-01-10 1954-11-09 Frank J Herlehy Railroad track lining machine
US2869476A (en) * 1954-03-29 1959-01-20 Kershaw Mfg Company Inc Railroad track raising and ballast tamping apparatus
US2926616A (en) * 1954-11-04 1960-03-01 Nordberg Manufacturing Co Track lining machine
US3196803A (en) * 1963-05-20 1965-07-27 Plasser Franz Mobile track aligning machine and method

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3664265A (en) * 1969-03-24 1972-05-23 Matisa Materiel Ind Sa Process for the alignment of railway tracks
US3628460A (en) * 1969-09-15 1971-12-21 Helmuth Rolf Erich Von Beckman Combined tie and rail gripper
FR2117228A5 (de) * 1970-12-01 1972-07-21 British Railways Board
US3796160A (en) * 1971-11-29 1974-03-12 British Railways Board Maintenance of railway track
US3926123A (en) * 1972-10-13 1975-12-16 Plasser Bahnbaumasch Franz Track surfacing apparatus
US3965822A (en) * 1974-11-11 1976-06-29 Canron, Inc. Shoulder tamping lifting jack
US4046079A (en) * 1975-01-31 1977-09-06 Franz Plasser Bahnbaumaschinen-Industriegesellschaft M.B.H. Track surfacing apparatus
US4066020A (en) * 1976-02-20 1978-01-03 Franz Plasser Bahnbaumaschinen-Industriegesellschaft M.B.H. Mobile track tamping and track position correction machine
US4895078A (en) * 1987-04-10 1990-01-23 Danieli & C. Officine Meccaniche Spa System for the continuous reciprocal self-alignment of rails on sleepers
US5598782A (en) * 1992-06-05 1997-02-04 British Railways Board Methods of railway track maintenance
US5419259A (en) * 1993-03-17 1995-05-30 Franz Plasser Bahnbaumaschinen-Industriegesellschaft M.B.H. Machine for compacting track ballast with variable gauge track stabilizer
AU673577B2 (en) * 1993-03-17 1996-11-14 Franz Plasser Bahnbaumaschinen-Industriegesellschaft M.B.H. A machine for consolidating the ballast bed of a track

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1211573A (en) 1970-11-11
CH470537A (de) 1969-03-31
DE1708651B2 (de) 1978-07-20
SU392630A3 (de) 1973-07-27
DE1708651A1 (de) 1975-05-28
SE316496B (de) 1969-10-27
AT304604B (de) 1973-01-10
SU406372A3 (de) 1973-11-05
FR1554991A (de) 1969-01-24
DE1708651C3 (de) 1979-03-22

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