US3315479A - Storing hydrogen - Google Patents
Storing hydrogen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3315479A US3315479A US558220A US55822066A US3315479A US 3315479 A US3315479 A US 3315479A US 558220 A US558220 A US 558220A US 55822066 A US55822066 A US 55822066A US 3315479 A US3315479 A US 3315479A
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- alloy
- hydrogen
- nickel
- weight percent
- magnesium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 41
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims description 40
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 40
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- ATTFYOXEMHAYAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium nickel Chemical compound [Mg].[Ni] ATTFYOXEMHAYAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000878 H alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015842 Hesperis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012633 Iberis amara Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002336 sorption--desorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/0005—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes
- C01B3/001—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes characterised by the uptaking medium; Treatment thereof
- C01B3/0031—Intermetallic compounds; Metal alloys; Treatment thereof
- C01B3/0042—Intermetallic compounds; Metal alloys; Treatment thereof only containing magnesium and nickel; Treatment thereof
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C11/00—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels
- F17C11/005—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels for hydrogen
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
Definitions
- the hydrogen-mickel-magnesiurn complexes produced by the practice of our invention are stable at temperatures below 250 C. and the complexes need not be stored in pressure vessels.
- hydrogen can be readily stored by forming the complex in accordance with the method disclosed by our invention and thereafter cooling the complexes and maintaining them at normal atmospheric pressures until it is desired to release the hydrogen contained therein.
- To release the hydrogen from the complex all that is required to be done is to heat the hydrogen containing complex to a temperature above 250 C. and to allow the hydrogen to escape.
- a unique feature of our novel complexes is the fact that hydrogen is released at a constant rate from a complex when the complex is maintained at a specific temperature at or above 250 C. until the complex contains less than one weight percent of hydrogen based on the total weight of nickel-magnesium alloy contained in the complex.
- a hydrogen-nickel-magnesium complex contain- 3,3 15,479 Patented Apr. 25, 1967 ing 5 weight percent hydrogen based upon the weight of the nickel-magnesium alloy upon being heated at-a constant temperature of 250 C. will maintain a constant hydrogen pressure of 18 lbs. per square inch above the alloy until about one weight percent of hydrogen remains in the complex.
- the nickel-magnesium alloy contains 53 Weight percent nickel and 47 weight percent magnesium based on the total weight of the alloy.
- the alloys found useable in our invention can be produced by any conventional alloying technique. They can be produced by simply heating the proper amounts of nickel and magnesium under an inert or hydrogen atmosphere with an induction heater until a melt is formed, intimately mixing the ingredients of the melt and thereafter cooling the melt until a solid alloy is formed. Liquid metal alloys are not desirable for use in the practice of our invention because the pressure requirements required to form the desired hydrogen-alloy complex would be too great. The presence of oxygen in the nickel-magnesium alloy is to be avoided as oxygen tends to inhibit the rate of formation of the complex.
- the hydrogen and the nickel-magnesium alloy are heated to a temperature of 300 C. and maintained under a pressure of pounds per square inch absolute.
- the pressure can be maintained by adding additional increments of hydrogen to the system to counterbalance the increments taken up by the alloy during the absorption phase of the process.
- Example I A pparatus.-An upright reactor vessel consisting of a stainless steel tube flanged on both ends and having an inside diameter of inch and a length of about 13 inches was fitted with a thermocouple well through the top flanged end of the vessel and extended therein for about 7 inches. A small crucible made of aluminum oxide was attached to the bottom of the thermocuple to hold the samples to be treated at about the middle of the vessel. The bottom end of the vessel was sealed and a connection was fitted to the side of the vessel to permit gas to be withdrawn and introduced in the vessel. The vessel was inserted into an electrically heated furnace.
- Procedure A 2 gm. sample of an alloy consisting of 45% by weight Mg and 55% by weight Ni (Mg Ni) was weighed out in a dry box. The sample was pulverized so that it could through a mesh screen, reweighed and introduced of 275 C. H was admitted to the reactor until a pres-..
- the method of storing hydrogen comprising contacting gaseous hydrogen with a solid nickel-magnesium alloy, said alloy being composed of from about 40 weight percent to about 80 weight percent nickel based on the total Weight of the nickel-magnesium alloy and from about 20 weight percent to about weight percent magnesium based upon the total weight of the nickelmagnesium alloy, while maintaining said hydrogen and said alloy at a pressure of at least about 18 pounds per square inch and at a temperature of at least about 250 C. until said alloy has absorbed .up to about 5 weight percent hydrogen based on the total weight of the nickel- .magnesium alloy.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
Description
United States Patent 3,315,479 STORING HYDROGEN Richard H. Wiswall, Jr., Brookhaven, and James J. Reilly,
Jr., Bellport, N.Y., assignors to the United States of America as represented by the United States Atomic Energy Commission No Drawing. Filed June 15, 1966, Ser. No. 558,220
4 Claims. (Cl. 62-48) ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A method for storing hydrogen whereby gaseous hydrogen is adsorbed by nickel-magnesium alloys at temperatures above 250 C. and pressures above 18 pounds per square inch.
. The invention described herein was made in the course of, or under a contract with the US. Atomic Energy Commission.
Prior art It is an object of this invention to provide those skilled in the art with a simple, economical, safe method of storing hydrogen.
Description of the invention We have discovered a novel method for storing hydrogen by forming a hydrogen metal alloy complex, wherein hydrogen gas is absorbed into a metal alloy, comprising contacting gaseous hydrogen with a solid nickel-magnesium alloy, said alloy containing from about 40 weight percent to about 80 weight percent nickel based upon the total weight of the nickel-magnesium alloy and from about 20 weight to about 60 weight percent magnesium based upon the total weight of the nickel-magnesium alloy, while maintaining said hydrogen and said alloy at a pressure of at least about 18 pounds per square inch and at a temperature of at least about 250 C. until said alloy has absorbed up to about 5 weight percent hydrogen based upon the total weight of the nickel-magnesium alloy. The product formed by our method is a hydrogen-nickelmagnesium complex, whose exact physical and chemical structure is not known at this time.
The hydrogen-mickel-magnesiurn complexes produced by the practice of our invention are stable at temperatures below 250 C. and the complexes need not be stored in pressure vessels. Thus, hydrogen can be readily stored by forming the complex in accordance with the method disclosed by our invention and thereafter cooling the complexes and maintaining them at normal atmospheric pressures until it is desired to release the hydrogen contained therein. To release the hydrogen from the complex, all that is required to be done is to heat the hydrogen containing complex to a temperature above 250 C. and to allow the hydrogen to escape.
A unique feature of our novel complexes is the fact that hydrogen is released at a constant rate from a complex when the complex is maintained at a specific temperature at or above 250 C. until the complex contains less than one weight percent of hydrogen based on the total weight of nickel-magnesium alloy contained in the complex. For example, a hydrogen-nickel-magnesium complex contain- 3,3 15,479 Patented Apr. 25, 1967 ing 5 weight percent hydrogen based upon the weight of the nickel-magnesium alloy upon being heated at-a constant temperature of 250 C. will maintain a constant hydrogen pressure of 18 lbs. per square inch above the alloy until about one weight percent of hydrogen remains in the complex. This feature provides those skilled in the art with a simple hydrogen source in which the rate of release can be carefully controlled by simply controlling the temperature of the complex during the release. Thus, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that our invention can be readily adapted to conventional techniques to provide a safe dependable source of hydrogen for a multitude of uses such as rockets, fuel cells, etc.
In the preferred embodiment of our invention, the nickel-magnesium alloy contains 53 Weight percent nickel and 47 weight percent magnesium based on the total weight of the alloy. The alloys found useable in our invention can be produced by any conventional alloying technique. They can be produced by simply heating the proper amounts of nickel and magnesium under an inert or hydrogen atmosphere with an induction heater until a melt is formed, intimately mixing the ingredients of the melt and thereafter cooling the melt until a solid alloy is formed. Liquid metal alloys are not desirable for use in the practice of our invention because the pressure requirements required to form the desired hydrogen-alloy complex would be too great. The presence of oxygen in the nickel-magnesium alloy is to be avoided as oxygen tends to inhibit the rate of formation of the complex. We have found it preferable to use a powdered nickel-magnesium alloy in the practice of our invention because the increased surface area provided by the powder increases the rate of absorpition of the hydrogen by the alloy. However, our invention is not limited to any particular physical shape of the alloy and blocks and meshes of the alloy can be employed and indeed in certain applications such shapes may be desirable. Conventional pressure vessels and heating devices may be employed in the practice of our invention.
In the preferred embodiment of our invention the hydrogen and the nickel-magnesium alloy are heated to a temperature of 300 C. and maintained under a pressure of pounds per square inch absolute. The pressure can be maintained by adding additional increments of hydrogen to the system to counterbalance the increments taken up by the alloy during the absorption phase of the process.
We have found that one atom of hydrogen will be adsorbed per atom of metal contained in the alloy. One mol of an alloy having the formula Mg Ni will absorb up to 4.5 mols of hydrogen during the practice of our invention. Thus the alloys found useable in our invention will absorb roughly 5 weight percent hydrogen based on the total alloy weight.
Example I A pparatus.-An upright reactor vessel consisting of a stainless steel tube flanged on both ends and having an inside diameter of inch and a length of about 13 inches was fitted with a thermocouple well through the top flanged end of the vessel and extended therein for about 7 inches. A small crucible made of aluminum oxide was attached to the bottom of the thermocuple to hold the samples to be treated at about the middle of the vessel. The bottom end of the vessel was sealed and a connection was fitted to the side of the vessel to permit gas to be withdrawn and introduced in the vessel. The vessel was inserted into an electrically heated furnace.
Procedure A 2 gm. sample of an alloy consisting of 45% by weight Mg and 55% by weight Ni (Mg Ni) was weighed out in a dry box. The sample was pulverized so that it could through a mesh screen, reweighed and introduced of 275 C. H was admitted to the reactor until a pres-..
sure of 125 p.s.i.a. was reached at which point the vessel was sealed. The reactor vessel was then heated to about 300 C. The rate at which the sample absorbed H could be determined by the pressure decrease in the system over a period of time. When absorption was essentially complete, the reactor was cooled to room temperature and gaseous H was vented from the system until a predeter-. mined pressure of p.s.i.a. was reached. The sample was reheated to about 300 C. and allowed to come to equilibrium and the pressure recorded. At equilibrium some gaseous H was removed from the system after which a new equilibrium was reached. When no further H evolved from the sample upon removing gaseous H the entire cycle was repeated by readimitting H into the system and reabsorbing H in the alloy.
Results A hydrogen content of over 4 wt. percent has been repeatedly obtained by absorption in an alloy with the starting composition of wt. percent Mg, wt. percent Ni (Mg Ni). The fact that the sorption-desorption cycle can be repeated indefinitely is of practical significance for it allows for economic use of the alloys to effectuate H storage.
We have also prepared samples of the alloy which were cooled to room temperature afterthey had sorbed about 4 weight percent hydrogen based upon the weight of the nickel-magnesium alloy. These samples did not lose their hydrogen upon exposure to the atmospheric conditions found in our laboratory. Further, they were not damaged when they were recycled through the procedure described in this example.
We claim:
1. The method of storing hydrogen comprising contacting gaseous hydrogen with a solid nickel-magnesium alloy, said alloy being composed of from about 40 weight percent to about 80 weight percent nickel based on the total Weight of the nickel-magnesium alloy and from about 20 weight percent to about weight percent magnesium based upon the total weight of the nickelmagnesium alloy, while maintaining said hydrogen and said alloy at a pressure of at least about 18 pounds per square inch and at a temperature of at least about 250 C. until said alloy has absorbed .up to about 5 weight percent hydrogen based on the total weight of the nickel- .magnesium alloy.
References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,356,334 8/1944 Maude et al. 6248 2,663,626 12/1953 Spangler 62-48 2,712,730 7/1955 Spangler 6248 3,151,467 10/1965 Cohen et a1. 62-48 LLOYD L. KING, Primary Examiner.
Claims (1)
1. THE METHOD OF STORING HYDROGEN COMPRISING CONTRACTING GASEOUS HYDROGEN WITH A SOLID NICKEL-MAGNESIUM ALLOY, SAID ALLOY BEING COMPOSED OF FROM ABOUT 40 WEIGHT PERCENT TO ABOUT 80 WEIGHT PERCENT NICKEL BASED ON THE TOTAL WEIGHT OF THE NICKEL-MAGNESIUM ALLOY AND FROM ABOUT 20 WEIGHT PERCENT TO ABOUT 60 WEIGHT PERCENT MAGNESIUM BASED UPON THE TOTAL WEIGHT OF THE NICKELMAGNESIUM ALLOY, WHILE MAINTAINING SAID HYDROGEN AND SAID ALLOY AT A PRESSURE OF AT LEAST ABOUT 18 POUNDS PER SQUARE INCH AND AT A TEMPERATURE OF AT LEAST ABOUT 250* C. UNTIL SAID ALLOY HAS ABSORBED UP TO ABOUT 5 WEIGHT PERCENT HYDROGEN BASED ON THE TOTAL WEIGHT OF THE NICKELMAGNESIUM ALLOY.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US558220A US3315479A (en) | 1966-06-15 | 1966-06-15 | Storing hydrogen |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US558220A US3315479A (en) | 1966-06-15 | 1966-06-15 | Storing hydrogen |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3315479A true US3315479A (en) | 1967-04-25 |
Family
ID=24228654
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US558220A Expired - Lifetime US3315479A (en) | 1966-06-15 | 1966-06-15 | Storing hydrogen |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3315479A (en) |
Cited By (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3375676A (en) * | 1967-05-23 | 1968-04-02 | Atomic Energy Commission Usa | Method of storing hydrogen |
| US3508414A (en) * | 1968-03-05 | 1970-04-28 | Atomic Energy Commission | Method of storing hydrogen |
| US3516263A (en) * | 1969-03-25 | 1970-06-23 | Atomic Energy Commission | Method of storing hydrogen |
| US3943719A (en) * | 1975-02-26 | 1976-03-16 | Terry Lynn E | Hydride-dehydride power system and methods |
| US3967465A (en) * | 1973-07-04 | 1976-07-06 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Container for storing and transporting a liquefied gas |
| FR2361602A1 (en) * | 1976-08-13 | 1978-03-10 | Johnson Matthey Co Ltd | HYDROGEN STORAGE PROCESS AND APPARATUS |
| DE2820671A1 (en) * | 1977-06-02 | 1978-12-14 | Standard Oil Co | HYDRID HEAT PUMP |
| US4133426A (en) * | 1978-02-24 | 1979-01-09 | The International Nickel Company, Inc. | Hydride container |
| US4134491A (en) * | 1978-02-24 | 1979-01-16 | The International Nickel Company, Inc. | Hydride storage containment |
| US4134490A (en) * | 1978-02-24 | 1979-01-16 | The International Nickel Company, Inc. | Gas storage containment |
| FR2430458A1 (en) * | 1978-07-07 | 1980-02-01 | Anvar | NEW MAGNESIUM METAL ALLOYS, THEIR PREPARATION AND THEIR APPLICATION, PARTICULARLY TO HYDROGEN STORAGE |
| US4215008A (en) * | 1975-05-26 | 1980-07-29 | Shin-Etsu Chemical Co. Ltd. | Rare earth-containing alloys and method for purification of hydrogen gas therewith |
| US4242315A (en) * | 1969-01-24 | 1980-12-30 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Hydrides of the formula ABn Hm |
| US4249654A (en) * | 1979-09-25 | 1981-02-10 | Helversen Frederick D | Hydrogen storage apparatus |
| US4389326A (en) * | 1979-08-27 | 1983-06-21 | Agence Nationale De Valorization De La Recherche | Method of storing hydrogen in intimate mixtures of hydrides of magnesium and other metals or alloys |
| US4424771A (en) | 1982-08-23 | 1984-01-10 | Conoco Inc. | Hydride cold starter in alcohol fuel treatment and distribution apparatus and method |
| US4499864A (en) * | 1983-02-10 | 1985-02-19 | Conoco Inc. | Hydride cold start container in fuel treatment and distribution apparatus and method |
| US6378601B1 (en) * | 2000-05-12 | 2002-04-30 | Energy Conversion Devices, Inc. | Hydrogen cooled hydrogen storage unit having a high packing density of storage alloy and encapsulation |
| US6591616B2 (en) * | 1999-11-06 | 2003-07-15 | Energy Conversion Devices, Inc. | Hydrogen infrastructure, a combined bulk hydrogen storage/single stage metal hydride hydrogen compressor therefor and alloys for use therein |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2356334A (en) * | 1941-12-18 | 1944-08-22 | Hooker Electrochemical Co | Means for storing and concentrating anhydrous hydrogen chloride |
| US2663626A (en) * | 1949-05-14 | 1953-12-22 | Pritchard & Co J F | Method of storing gases |
| US2712730A (en) * | 1951-10-11 | 1955-07-12 | Pritchard & Co J F | Method of and apparatus for storing gases |
| US3151467A (en) * | 1961-12-04 | 1964-10-06 | Union Carbide Corp | Process and apparatus for the filling, transportation and dispensing of hazardous fluids |
-
1966
- 1966-06-15 US US558220A patent/US3315479A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2356334A (en) * | 1941-12-18 | 1944-08-22 | Hooker Electrochemical Co | Means for storing and concentrating anhydrous hydrogen chloride |
| US2663626A (en) * | 1949-05-14 | 1953-12-22 | Pritchard & Co J F | Method of storing gases |
| US2712730A (en) * | 1951-10-11 | 1955-07-12 | Pritchard & Co J F | Method of and apparatus for storing gases |
| US3151467A (en) * | 1961-12-04 | 1964-10-06 | Union Carbide Corp | Process and apparatus for the filling, transportation and dispensing of hazardous fluids |
Cited By (21)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3375676A (en) * | 1967-05-23 | 1968-04-02 | Atomic Energy Commission Usa | Method of storing hydrogen |
| US3508414A (en) * | 1968-03-05 | 1970-04-28 | Atomic Energy Commission | Method of storing hydrogen |
| US4375257A (en) * | 1969-01-24 | 1983-03-01 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Hydrogen storage and supply device |
| US4242315A (en) * | 1969-01-24 | 1980-12-30 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Hydrides of the formula ABn Hm |
| US3516263A (en) * | 1969-03-25 | 1970-06-23 | Atomic Energy Commission | Method of storing hydrogen |
| US3967465A (en) * | 1973-07-04 | 1976-07-06 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Container for storing and transporting a liquefied gas |
| US3943719A (en) * | 1975-02-26 | 1976-03-16 | Terry Lynn E | Hydride-dehydride power system and methods |
| US4215008A (en) * | 1975-05-26 | 1980-07-29 | Shin-Etsu Chemical Co. Ltd. | Rare earth-containing alloys and method for purification of hydrogen gas therewith |
| FR2361602A1 (en) * | 1976-08-13 | 1978-03-10 | Johnson Matthey Co Ltd | HYDROGEN STORAGE PROCESS AND APPARATUS |
| DE2820671A1 (en) * | 1977-06-02 | 1978-12-14 | Standard Oil Co | HYDRID HEAT PUMP |
| US4134490A (en) * | 1978-02-24 | 1979-01-16 | The International Nickel Company, Inc. | Gas storage containment |
| US4134491A (en) * | 1978-02-24 | 1979-01-16 | The International Nickel Company, Inc. | Hydride storage containment |
| US4133426A (en) * | 1978-02-24 | 1979-01-09 | The International Nickel Company, Inc. | Hydride container |
| FR2430458A1 (en) * | 1978-07-07 | 1980-02-01 | Anvar | NEW MAGNESIUM METAL ALLOYS, THEIR PREPARATION AND THEIR APPLICATION, PARTICULARLY TO HYDROGEN STORAGE |
| EP0007840A1 (en) * | 1978-07-07 | 1980-02-06 | ANVAR Agence Nationale de Valorisation de la Recherche | Process for storing and utilizing hydrogen, notably in engines |
| US4389326A (en) * | 1979-08-27 | 1983-06-21 | Agence Nationale De Valorization De La Recherche | Method of storing hydrogen in intimate mixtures of hydrides of magnesium and other metals or alloys |
| US4249654A (en) * | 1979-09-25 | 1981-02-10 | Helversen Frederick D | Hydrogen storage apparatus |
| US4424771A (en) | 1982-08-23 | 1984-01-10 | Conoco Inc. | Hydride cold starter in alcohol fuel treatment and distribution apparatus and method |
| US4499864A (en) * | 1983-02-10 | 1985-02-19 | Conoco Inc. | Hydride cold start container in fuel treatment and distribution apparatus and method |
| US6591616B2 (en) * | 1999-11-06 | 2003-07-15 | Energy Conversion Devices, Inc. | Hydrogen infrastructure, a combined bulk hydrogen storage/single stage metal hydride hydrogen compressor therefor and alloys for use therein |
| US6378601B1 (en) * | 2000-05-12 | 2002-04-30 | Energy Conversion Devices, Inc. | Hydrogen cooled hydrogen storage unit having a high packing density of storage alloy and encapsulation |
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