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US3352545A - Carburetor construction - Google Patents

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Publication number
US3352545A
US3352545A US55404566A US3352545A US 3352545 A US3352545 A US 3352545A US 55404566 A US55404566 A US 55404566A US 3352545 A US3352545 A US 3352545A
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Prior art keywords
fuel
mixing conduit
idle
carburetor
throttle valve
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John F Denine
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M3/00—Idling devices for carburettors
    • F02M3/08—Other details of idling devices
    • F02M3/10—Fuel metering pins; Nozzles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M19/00—Details, component parts, or accessories of carburettors, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M1/00 - F02M17/00
    • F02M19/02—Metering-orifices, e.g. variable in diameter
    • F02M19/0242—Metering-orifices, e.g. variable in diameter with inserts of porous material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S261/00—Gas and liquid contact apparatus
    • Y10S261/38—Needle valves
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/794—With means for separating solid material from the fluid
    • Y10T137/8049—Movable strainer

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to carburetors for use with internal combustion engines and more particularly to a novel fuel supply system for such carburetors.
  • the object of this invention is to provide for use with internal combustion engines an improved carburetor which improves both the efiiciency and performance characteristics of internal combustion engines.
  • One feature of this invention is the provision for internal combustion engines of an improved carburetor having a primary-fuel supply system which discharges fuel from a fuel reservoir into a mixing conduit anterior to a throttle valve and an idle fuel system which discharges fuel from the fuel reservoir through an idle port into the mixing conduit posterior of the throttle valve and wherein the idle fuel system includes an adjustment element composed of a relatively porous material and adapted to regulate the rate of fuel flow through the idle port.
  • the relatively porous adjustment element disperses and aerates the fuel which in turn improves engine efiiciency and performance.
  • Another feature of this invention is the provision for internal combustion engines of an improved carburetor having a primary fuel system adapted to discharge fuel from a fuel reservoir into a mixing conduit anterior to a throttling valve and including a fixed fuel nozzle composed of a relatively porous material and projecting into the mixing conduit adjacent a venturi.
  • the porous nozzle effects a greatly improved dispersion and aeration of the injected fuel to thereby improve engine efliciency and performance.
  • Another feature of this invention is the provision for internal combustion engines of a carburetor of the above featured type wherein an adjustable idle screw forms at least a part of the adjustment element.
  • Another feature of this invention is the provision of an internal combustion carburetor of the above featured types wherein the relatively porous material used for the fuel nozzle and idle adjustment is sintered metal.
  • Another feature of this invention is the provision for internal combustion engines of a carburetor of the above featured types wherein the relatively porous material utilized for the fuel nozzle and adjustment element possesses an open porosity of between 30 and percent.
  • Another feature of this invention is the provision for internal combustion engines of a carburetor of the above featured types wherein the relatively porous material used for the fuel nozzle and the adjustment element has an average pore size of between 2 and 50 microns.
  • the mixing conduit 11 including the air born 12, the venturi section 13 and the throttle bore 14. Positioned within the mixing conduit 11 is the throttle valve 15 Which is mounted for rotation with the throttle shaft 16.
  • the fuel bowl 17 functions as a fuel reservoir for the device.
  • the primary fuel supply system 21 including the fuel well 22, the high speed fuel passage 23 and the fuel nozzle 24 provides a fuel discharge path between the fuel bowl 17 and the mixing conduit 11.
  • the fuel nozzle 24 projects into the mixing conduit 11 adjacent the venturi portion 13.
  • Regulating the flow rate of fuel from the fuel bowl 17 is the metering orifice member 25 and fuel metering rod 26.
  • the metering rod 26 is actuated by a conventional mechanism (not shown) so as to provide a controlled fuel flow rate.
  • the idle fuel supply system 31 includes the idle fuel passage 32 which provides a fuel flow path between the idle ports 33 and 34 and the idle tube 35 which opens into the high speed fuel passage 23.
  • the upper idle port 33 opens into the mixing conduit 11 anterior to the throttle valve 15 when in a closed position and the lower idle port 34 opens into the mixing conduit posterior to the throttle valve 17 when in the closed position.
  • Supported by threads in the wall of the mixing conduit 11 is the idle screw 36 with valve stem 37 which extends an ad justable distance into the lower idle port 34 so as to regulate fuel flow therethrough.
  • the fuel nozzle 24 and the idle screw 36 are composed of a relatively porous material.
  • fuel is broken up into an extremely fine dispersion and thoroughly aerated before injection into the mixing conduit 11.
  • the fuel evaporation which occurs on the surfaces of the porous material and within the mixing conduit 11 provides a beneficial cooling of the entire carburetor body.
  • a much more complete fuel combustion is obtained. Accordingly, there is obtained a reduction in fuel consumption, smoother engine performance, increased power, reduction of carbon depositions, improved cold weather engine performance, etc.
  • porous material While sintered metals such as steel, nickel, and particularly bronze are preferable for use as the relatively porous material in the fuel nozzle 24 and idle screw 36, other porous materials are suitable. These can include, for example, composite materials formed by porous granules of alumina, silicon carbide, mulite, etc., bonded together with a suitable ceramic. It is important, however, that the material possess a relatively high open porosity so as to be permeable to both air and fuel. For example, it has been found extremely desirable for reasons of permeability and strength that the material possess an open .3 porosity of between 30 and 60 percent as established by the following formula:
  • W represents the weight of a material sample in air
  • W represents the weight of the same material sample after immersion in a given liquid
  • D represents the apparent density of the sample material
  • D represents the density of the given liquid. It has also been found desirable that the material have pores with an average size of between 2 and 50 microns.
  • the fuel nozzle 24 or the idle screw 36 can be composite units composed of both porous and solid materials.
  • the portion of the element which is most effective in dispersing the fuel would preferably be composed of a porous substance.
  • the valve stem 37 could be porous and the threaded base of the idle screw 36 could be solid.
  • the end of the nozzle 24 which projects into the mixing conduit 11 could be porous and the nozzle base supported within the fuel passage 23 could be solid.
  • a carburetor for use in an internal combustion engine and comprising a mixing conduit, a fuel reservoir, a rotatable throtle shaft extending into said mixing conduit, a throttle valve mounted on for rotation with said throttle shaft, venturi means in said mixing conduit anterior to said throttle valve, a primary (fuel supply system adapted to discharge fuel from said fuel reservoir to said mixing conduit adjacent said venturi means in response to engine demands, a metering means adapted to regulate the amount of fuel passing from said fuel reservoir to said main supply system, an idle fuel system adapted to discharge fuel from said fuel reservoir through an idle port which opens into said mixing conduit posterior tosaid throttle valve when in a substantially closed position, and said idle fuel system including an adjustment means extending into said idle port so as to regulate the .rate of fuel flow therethrough, and wherein said adjustment means is composed of a relatively porous material.
  • a carburetor according to claim 1 wherein said relatively porous material has an open porosity of between thirty and sixty percent.
  • a carburetor according to claim 1 including an adjustable idle screw which comprises said adjustment means.
  • a carburetor according to claim 7 wherein said relatively porous material has an open porosity of between thirty and sixty percent.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Description

N 1967 I J. F. DENINE 3,352,545
I CARBURETOR CONSTRUCTION Filed May 31, 1966 /2 i 2 Z Z7 7 g C/akn 0mm A 7'7'02/VEK United States Patent. Office 3,352,545 Patented Nov. 14, 1967 3,352,545 CARBURETGR CONSTRUCTION John F. Denine, 180 Lincoln St., Hudson, Mass. 01749 Filed May 31, 1966, Ser. No. 554,045 12 Claims. (Cl. 261-41) ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A carburetor apparatus for improving the efilciency and performance of internal combustion engines. The carburetor comprises a fuel regulating idle screw formed of a relatively porous material which both disperses and aerates fuel delivered to the engine.
This invention relates generally to carburetors for use with internal combustion engines and more particularly to a novel fuel supply system for such carburetors.
A large variety of carburetor developments have resulted from attempts to improve the efiiciency and performance of internal combustion engines. These developments have included, for example, multi-stage fuel systerns, automatic chokes, fuel flow metering devices, economizing and enriching devices, etc. The "common object for many of the prior improvements was to obtain a more thoroughly mixed fuel and air charge which would result in a more complete combustion of the fuel upon ignition. Such a result would reduce or eliminate many of the inherent problems associated with internal combustion engines such as carbon deposition, relatively low efiiciency, poor cold weather operation, rough engine operation at low speeds and during acceleration, etc. However, the prior carburetor improvements have failed to fully satisfy the desired objective or to fully eliminate the problems.
The object of this invention, therefore, is to provide for use with internal combustion engines an improved carburetor which improves both the efiiciency and performance characteristics of internal combustion engines.
One feature of this invention is the provision for internal combustion engines of an improved carburetor having a primary-fuel supply system which discharges fuel from a fuel reservoir into a mixing conduit anterior to a throttle valve and an idle fuel system which discharges fuel from the fuel reservoir through an idle port into the mixing conduit posterior of the throttle valve and wherein the idle fuel system includes an adjustment element composed of a relatively porous material and adapted to regulate the rate of fuel flow through the idle port. The relatively porous adjustment element disperses and aerates the fuel which in turn improves engine efiiciency and performance.
Another feature of this invention is the provision for internal combustion engines of an improved carburetor having a primary fuel system adapted to discharge fuel from a fuel reservoir into a mixing conduit anterior to a throttling valve and including a fixed fuel nozzle composed of a relatively porous material and projecting into the mixing conduit adjacent a venturi. As above, the porous nozzle effects a greatly improved dispersion and aeration of the injected fuel to thereby improve engine efliciency and performance.
Another feature of this invention is the provision for internal combustion engines of a carburetor of the above featured type wherein an adjustable idle screw forms at least a part of the adjustment element.
Another feature of this invention is the provision of an internal combustion carburetor of the above featured types wherein the relatively porous material used for the fuel nozzle and idle adjustment is sintered metal.
Another feature of this invention is the provision for internal combustion engines of a carburetor of the above featured types wherein the relatively porous material utilized for the fuel nozzle and adjustment element possesses an open porosity of between 30 and percent.
Another feature of this invention is the provision for internal combustion engines of a carburetor of the above featured types wherein the relatively porous material used for the fuel nozzle and the adjustment element has an average pore size of between 2 and 50 microns.
These and other objects and features of the present invention will become more apparent upon a perusal of the following specification taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawing which is a schematic cross-section showing a preferred embodiment of the invention.
Referring now to the drawing there is shown the mixing conduit 11 including the air born 12, the venturi section 13 and the throttle bore 14. Positioned within the mixing conduit 11 is the throttle valve 15 Which is mounted for rotation with the throttle shaft 16. The fuel bowl 17 functions as a fuel reservoir for the device.
The primary fuel supply system 21 including the fuel well 22, the high speed fuel passage 23 and the fuel nozzle 24 provides a fuel discharge path between the fuel bowl 17 and the mixing conduit 11. The fuel nozzle 24 projects into the mixing conduit 11 adjacent the venturi portion 13. Regulating the flow rate of fuel from the fuel bowl 17 is the metering orifice member 25 and fuel metering rod 26. The metering rod 26 is actuated by a conventional mechanism (not shown) so as to provide a controlled fuel flow rate.
The idle fuel supply system 31 includes the idle fuel passage 32 which provides a fuel flow path between the idle ports 33 and 34 and the idle tube 35 which opens into the high speed fuel passage 23. The upper idle port 33 opens into the mixing conduit 11 anterior to the throttle valve 15 when in a closed position and the lower idle port 34 opens into the mixing conduit posterior to the throttle valve 17 when in the closed position. Supported by threads in the wall of the mixing conduit 11 is the idle screw 36 with valve stem 37 which extends an ad justable distance into the lower idle port 34 so as to regulate fuel flow therethrough.
According to the invention the fuel nozzle 24 and the idle screw 36 are composed of a relatively porous material. During movement along the surfaces of the porous material and through the pores therein, fuel is broken up into an extremely fine dispersion and thoroughly aerated before injection into the mixing conduit 11. Also, because of the increased area of exposed fuel surface a substantial increase in the rate of fuel evaporation occurs. The fuel evaporation which occurs on the surfaces of the porous material and within the mixing conduit 11 provides a beneficial cooling of the entire carburetor body. As a result of the improved fuel dispersion and carburetor cooling a much more complete fuel combustion is obtained. Accordingly, there is obtained a reduction in fuel consumption, smoother engine performance, increased power, reduction of carbon depositions, improved cold weather engine performance, etc.
While sintered metals such as steel, nickel, and particularly bronze are preferable for use as the relatively porous material in the fuel nozzle 24 and idle screw 36, other porous materials are suitable. These can include, for example, composite materials formed by porous granules of alumina, silicon carbide, mulite, etc., bonded together with a suitable ceramic. It is important, however, that the material possess a relatively high open porosity so as to be permeable to both air and fuel. For example, it has been found extremely desirable for reasons of permeability and strength that the material possess an open .3 porosity of between 30 and 60 percent as established by the following formula:
where P represents the percentage of open porosity, W represents the weight of a material sample in air, W represents the weight of the same material sample after immersion in a given liquid, D represents the apparent density of the sample material and D represents the density of the given liquid. It has also been found desirable that the material have pores with an average size of between 2 and 50 microns.
Obviously, many modifications and variations of the present invention are possible in light of the above teachings. For example, the fuel nozzle 24 or the idle screw 36 can be composite units composed of both porous and solid materials. In that case, the portion of the element which is most effective in dispersing the fuel would preferably be composed of a porous substance. Thus, the valve stem 37 could be porous and the threaded base of the idle screw 36 could be solid. Similarly, the end of the nozzle 24 which projects into the mixing conduit 11 could be porous and the nozzle base supported within the fuel passage 23 could be solid. It is, therefore, to be understood that within the scope of the appended claims the invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described.
What is claimed is:
1. A carburetor for use in an internal combustion engine and comprising a mixing conduit, a fuel reservoir, a rotatable throtle shaft extending into said mixing conduit, a throttle valve mounted on for rotation with said throttle shaft, venturi means in said mixing conduit anterior to said throttle valve, a primary (fuel supply system adapted to discharge fuel from said fuel reservoir to said mixing conduit adjacent said venturi means in response to engine demands, a metering means adapted to regulate the amount of fuel passing from said fuel reservoir to said main supply system, an idle fuel system adapted to discharge fuel from said fuel reservoir through an idle port which opens into said mixing conduit posterior tosaid throttle valve when in a substantially closed position, and said idle fuel system including an adjustment means extending into said idle port so as to regulate the .rate of fuel flow therethrough, and wherein said adjustment means is composed of a relatively porous material.
2. A carburetor according to claim 1 wherein said relatively porous material is sintered metal. 7
3. A carburetor according to claim 1 wherein said relatively porous material has an open porosity of between thirty and sixty percent.
4. A carburetor according to claim 3 wherein said relatively porous material is sintered metal.
5. A carburetor according to claim 1 wherein the pores in said relatively porous material have an average size of between two and fifty microns.
6. A carburetor according to claim 1 including an adjustable idle screw which comprises said adjustment means.
7. A carburetor according to claim 6 wherein said relatively porous material is sintered metal.
8. A carburetor according to claim 7 wherein said relatively porous material has an open porosity of between thirty and sixty percent.
9. A carburetor according to claim 1 wherein said primary fuel supply system includes a fixed fuel nozzle at least partly composed of a relatively porous material and projecting into said mixing conduit adjacent said venturi means.
10. A carburetor according to claim 9 wherein both said relatively porous materials comprise sintered metal,
11. A carburetor according to claim 9 wherein both said relatively porous materials have an open porosity of between thirty and sixty percent.
12. A carburetor according to claim 11 wherein both said relatively porous materials comprise sintered metal.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS Re. 24,232 10/ 1956 Johnson 261-99 X 1,857,565 5/1932 Pahl et al. 261-99 2,530,716 11/ 1950 Meynier 261-99 X 2,551,114 5/1951 Goddard 261-99 X 2,711,885 6/ 1955 Moseley.
2,816,573 12/1957 Kaddis et al. 3,166,611 l/1965 Conant et al. 3,199,847 8/1965 Wahnish 261-99 X FOREIGN PATENTS 819,574 9/1959 Great Britain.
HARRY B. THORNTON, Primary Examiner. TIM R. MILES, Assistant Examiner, V

Claims (1)

1. A CARBURETOR FOR USE IN AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE AND COMPRISING A MIXING CONDUIT, A FUEL RESERVOIR, A ROTATABLE THROTLE SHAFT EXTENDING INTO SAID MIXING CONDUIT, A THROTTLE VALVE MOUNTED ON FOR ROTATION WITH SAID THROTTLE SHAFT, VENTURI MEANS IN SAID MIXING CONDUIT ANTERIOR TO SAID THROTTLE VALVE, A PRIMARY FUEL SUPPLY SYSTEM ADAPTED TO DISCHARGE FUEL FROM SAID FUEL RESERVOIR TO SAID MIXING CONDUIT ADJACENT SAID VENTURI MEANS IN RESPONSE TO ENGINE DEMANDS, A METERING MEANS ADAPTED TO REGULATE THE AMOUNT OF FUEL PASSING FROM SAID FUEL RESERVOIR TO SAID MAIN SUPPLY SYSTEM, AN IDLE FUEL SYSTEM ADAPTED TO DISCHARGE FUEL FROM SAID FUEL RESERVOIR THROUGH AN IDLE PORT WHICH OPENS INTO SAID MIXING CONDUIT POSTERIOR TO SAID THROTTLE VALVE WHEN IN A SUBSTANTIALLY CLOSED POSITION, AND SAID IDLE FUEL SYSTEM INCLUDING AN ADJUSTMENT MEANS EXTENDING INTO SAID IDLE PORT SO AS TO REGULATE THE RATE OF FUEL FLOW THERETHROUGH, AND WHEREIN SAID ADJUSTMENT MEANS IS COMPOSED OF A RELATIVELY POROUS MATERIAL.
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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3743258A (en) * 1971-11-03 1973-07-03 F Florentine Fuel converter
JPS52140724A (en) * 1976-05-20 1977-11-24 Ibbott Jack Kenneth Improvement in fuel supply port communicating with the inside of carburetor for internal combustion engine
US4269793A (en) * 1975-07-25 1981-05-26 Ibbott Jack Kenneth Carburettor for internal engine
US4400332A (en) * 1979-05-22 1983-08-23 The Secretary Of State For Industry In Her Britannic Majesty's Government Of The United Kingdom Of Great Britain And Northern Ireland Electrostatic dispersal of liquids
US4434772A (en) 1979-12-06 1984-03-06 Bosch & Pierburg System Ohg Combustion mixture generator for internal combustion engines
US4997598A (en) * 1987-04-03 1991-03-05 Aleem Uddin Mustafa Vaporizing device and method
US5513722A (en) * 1995-03-10 1996-05-07 Foltz; Donald R. Compressed air lubricator
AT3887U3 (en) * 1999-11-09 2002-07-25 Avl List Gmbh EXPANSION ELEMENT
DE10054221B4 (en) * 1999-11-03 2005-03-10 Avl List Gmbh Evaporating element for evaporating a liquid into a gas
US20090159050A1 (en) * 2005-11-16 2009-06-25 Adams Joseph S Fuel Supply and Combustion Chamber Systems for Fastener-Driving Tools
US20100108734A1 (en) * 2008-10-31 2010-05-06 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Fuel supply and combustion chamber systems for fastener-driving tools

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1857565A (en) * 1927-12-16 1932-05-10 Pahl August Surface carburetor
US2530716A (en) * 1939-08-07 1950-11-21 Meynier Rosine Jeanne Grange Carburetor
US2551114A (en) * 1948-03-24 1951-05-01 Daniel And Florence Guggenheim Two-liquid feeding device for combustion chambers
US2711885A (en) * 1952-10-20 1955-06-28 Carter Carburetor Corp Carburetor metering control
USRE24232E (en) * 1956-10-30 Air line lujjricaiok
US2816573A (en) * 1953-09-18 1957-12-17 Albert G Kaddis Carburetor metering valve screws
GB819574A (en) * 1955-02-14 1959-09-09 Sterling Ind Ltd A new or improved gas-conditioning device
US3166611A (en) * 1962-09-06 1965-01-19 Robert L Conant Carburetor
US3199847A (en) * 1964-05-08 1965-08-10 George I Wahnish Carburetors

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USRE24232E (en) * 1956-10-30 Air line lujjricaiok
US1857565A (en) * 1927-12-16 1932-05-10 Pahl August Surface carburetor
US2530716A (en) * 1939-08-07 1950-11-21 Meynier Rosine Jeanne Grange Carburetor
US2551114A (en) * 1948-03-24 1951-05-01 Daniel And Florence Guggenheim Two-liquid feeding device for combustion chambers
US2711885A (en) * 1952-10-20 1955-06-28 Carter Carburetor Corp Carburetor metering control
US2816573A (en) * 1953-09-18 1957-12-17 Albert G Kaddis Carburetor metering valve screws
GB819574A (en) * 1955-02-14 1959-09-09 Sterling Ind Ltd A new or improved gas-conditioning device
US3166611A (en) * 1962-09-06 1965-01-19 Robert L Conant Carburetor
US3199847A (en) * 1964-05-08 1965-08-10 George I Wahnish Carburetors

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3743258A (en) * 1971-11-03 1973-07-03 F Florentine Fuel converter
US4269793A (en) * 1975-07-25 1981-05-26 Ibbott Jack Kenneth Carburettor for internal engine
JPS52140724A (en) * 1976-05-20 1977-11-24 Ibbott Jack Kenneth Improvement in fuel supply port communicating with the inside of carburetor for internal combustion engine
US4400332A (en) * 1979-05-22 1983-08-23 The Secretary Of State For Industry In Her Britannic Majesty's Government Of The United Kingdom Of Great Britain And Northern Ireland Electrostatic dispersal of liquids
US4434772A (en) 1979-12-06 1984-03-06 Bosch & Pierburg System Ohg Combustion mixture generator for internal combustion engines
US4997598A (en) * 1987-04-03 1991-03-05 Aleem Uddin Mustafa Vaporizing device and method
US5513722A (en) * 1995-03-10 1996-05-07 Foltz; Donald R. Compressed air lubricator
DE10054221B4 (en) * 1999-11-03 2005-03-10 Avl List Gmbh Evaporating element for evaporating a liquid into a gas
AT3887U3 (en) * 1999-11-09 2002-07-25 Avl List Gmbh EXPANSION ELEMENT
DE10055365B4 (en) * 1999-11-09 2005-11-24 Avl List Gmbh Evaporation element
US20090159050A1 (en) * 2005-11-16 2009-06-25 Adams Joseph S Fuel Supply and Combustion Chamber Systems for Fastener-Driving Tools
US8511264B2 (en) 2005-11-16 2013-08-20 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Fuel supply and combustion chamber systems for fastener-driving tools
US20100108734A1 (en) * 2008-10-31 2010-05-06 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Fuel supply and combustion chamber systems for fastener-driving tools
US8347832B2 (en) 2008-10-31 2013-01-08 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Fuel supply and combustion chamber systems for fastener-driving tools

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