US322226A - wheelek - Google Patents

Description

'(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1,

0. WHEELER, Jr.

STEAM BOILER.

No. 322,226., Patented July 14,1885, I

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0. WHEELER, 'Jr.

STEAM BOILER.

No 322,226. 3Patented July 14,1885.

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N. PETERS. mmm m. Wnhinm 0,8.

' (No Model.) 3 SheetsSheet 3. 0. WHEELER, .Jr. STEAM BOILER.

Patent-ed July 14., 1885.

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746772666636 7 Inn/ 72502 NITED, STATES FEioE.

PATE T STEAM-BOILER.

EwPECIFICA'IfION forming part of Letters Patent No. 322,226, dated July 14, 1885.

' Application filed June 19, 1884. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, OYRENUs WHEELER, J r. a citizen of the United States, residing in the city of Auburn, county of Cayuga, and State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Steam-Boilers, of which the following is a full and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification;

My improvements are fully illustrated in the accompanying drawings on five sheets, in which Figure 1 is a plan view of the top of the boi1er,showing the location and relative position of the vertical dues and coal-reservoir. Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the same through its center, showing the location and arrangement of the flues, the combustion-chamber, and the coal magazine or reservoir. It also shows the flue-cap over the boiler, the cover to the coal-magazine, the grates, ashpit, and outside brick-work. Figs. 3 and 4 are modifications of the boiler shown in'Figs. 1 and 2, which will hereinafter be described. Fig. 5 is a vertical plan view of the flue-cap in an improved form, and shown in semi-section, so that the same may be readily explained; and Fig. 6 illustrates modifications and im provements in the boiler, which will be hereinafter explained. The figure is a vertical section through center of the cover of the coalmagazine, the flue-cap, and the boiler.

Similar letters refer to similar parts through- 1 out the several views.

' the lower inside ring or flue-sheet, of the boiler.

The object of the improvements in the boiler is to produce therefrom a greater amount of steam from'a's'maller consumption of coal than can be secured from boilers as ordinarily'con} structed; and in the grate improvements my obj eet is to secure a large amount of gratesurfaee within comparatively contracted limits, and to so distribute the coal thereon that combustion will be perfect.

Referring to the drawings, in Figures 1 and 2 A is the outer shell, and B the inner shell, of the boiler. O is the upper flue sheet or head, D the lower outside ring or flue-sheet, and E The inner shell, 13, extends several inches below the lower inside flue-sheet, E.

To the inner edge of the flue-sheet E is riveted the upper edge of a shell-piece, a, which magazine for the coal.

* To the outer edge of the flue-sheet E is connected the upper edge of the shell-piece b, which extends down far enough below the bottom of B to form the fire-chamber.

To the inner edgeof the lower outside ring or flue-sheet, D, is connected the shell-piece c,

which extends down parallel to b, and with sufficient space between them for water-circa lation, their lower edges being united by a ring. The outer edge of Dis united to the lower edge of the outer shell, A. The upper edge of the outer shell, A, is riveted to the outer edge of the fluesheet C and the inner shell, 13, to the inner edge of flue-sheet O.

Two rows of vertical lines or: tubes, d and e, are united to the flue-'sheets'G-and E, and

one row of 1 vertical fiues, f, of larger size, to

the flue-sheets O and D. I

' e On top'of the sheet 0, or head of the boiler, is placed a metal cap or ;flue-case,-F, which rests on top of the boiler-head outside of the fines f and inside of the fines d and'a- With this flue-ease F is connected at short cylinder or ring, 9, "the internal diameter of which corresponds with the internal diameter of the shell B,-"aud serves as an extension of that shell,-to increase its capacity as a reservoir or A cover, G, is pivoted to it'*at h, and serves to close the same and give access to it for supplying with coal. The'b'oiler is supported by resting on a metal'plate, i, which rests upon the framework j of the ash-pit. p A grate, 7c, is supported by a bar, Z, the ends of which are held by the frame of the ash-pit. The boiler is placed in brick-work,

so arranged as to give sufficient space, m, outside of the shell A, for the smoke, which can be made into one or more smoke-fines, as desired, connected with the brick-work under the outer extension, at, of the fluecase F.

The inner walls of B and 9 form the magazine for the coal. The coal, as it descends by gravity from the magazine, spreads out upon the grate-surface k and against the base of I the shell-piece b forming the sides of the firechamber. Above that part of b where the coal rests against it, and between it and a, and below E, is a space which serves as a combustion-chamber, 0. The direction which the products of combustion take when the boiler is in operation is clearly shown bythe arrows, and is as follows: Entering the fines or tubes (1 e at their lower ends, they pass up to the chamber 19 formed by thefiue-case F, and thence down through tubes f and up on the outside of sheet A of the boiler in the space m formed by the brick-work, and out through an opening in the brick-work under n.

In the flue-case F may be made an opening connecting with the smoke-escape, which can be closed by a damper, thus permitting of a" direct draft through the ascending fines, for the purpose of more rapidly kindling the fire when first lighted, but which should be closed when the coal is sufficiently ignited.

An openingthrough the boiler into the firechamber, and closed by a door, (not shown in the drawings,) serves to give access to the firechamber when necessary.

It will be seen that the fines d and e are smaller than the flues f. While the latter, f, may be three inches in diameter, two inches will be sufficient for the diameter of the former, d

and e.

Figs. 3 and 4. of Sheet 2 are a modification of Figs. 1 and 2 of- Sheet 1 in respect to the size and arrangement of the vertical fines, and may by some be preferred. The fines are all of the'same size; and it will be seen that one row or set of fines, 6, Fig. 4, is placed in the downwardly-projecting portion of the boiler formed by the shellpieces a and g, which are placed farther apart to give room for the fines. By this arrangement the fine e is of the same length as fine f on the outer rim of the boiler, and all of the fines are of a uniform size.

The other parts of this boiler and its attachments are, with the exception of a slight modification in the form of the fine-cap or case F, identical with those of Figs. 1 and 2.

In Figs. 5 and 6 I have illustrated still further modifications of my improvement. I modify and construct the fine-cap F so as to admit of a ready means of cleaning the several upright fines. I also insert deflecting semidiaphragms S and T into the brick-work and across a portion of the outside space, m. I also make use of an adjustable cut-off or damper valve, WV, hinged in an outlet or opening, U of the extension n of the finecap F.

The several outside and inside openings are provided with covers or traps Q R, fitting into and closing up the openings, as seen in Fig. 6. These covers or traps rest at either end upon the several connecting and supporting ribs 0 and d of the fiue cap or case F, and are formed into a shell, which is filled with a fire-proof filling similar to that already mentioned. They are also provided with handles a Z), by means of which they may be removed when it becomes necessary to clean the fiues e and J.

S and T are plates of metal placed diagonally opposite each other, each plate occupying one-quarter or more of the plan area of the space m. These plates or se1ni-diaphragms are built intothe brickwork, and extend across the space on to the shell of the boiler, as seen in Figs. 9 and 10. By this arrangement the current of combustible gases, after leaving the proximate outside fines, is deflected in its upward course and caused to deviate to either side of the plates in a tortuous track before passing out of the opening U. ther retain the heat aboutthe boiler and economize in the combustion of fuel, I hinge across the opening U of the extension n of the fluecase F a valve, WV, provided with a notched rod for opening or closing the same or retaining the same in any desired position. This prevents, when partially closed, the too free and rapid escape of the gases of combustion, and insures, in conjunction with the semi-diaphragms S and T, already described, the utmost utilization of combustion and heat and the greatest economy in fuel.

Having described the construction. of the several parts of the boiler, I will now describe their operation.

The fire being lighted and the internal magazine of the boiler being filled with coal,by the force of gravity the coal descends and spreads out upon the grate-surface. As the consnmp- 'tion of the coal goes on the supply is kept up by the descending coal in the magazine, the combustion of the escaping gases being secured by the combustion-chamber 0, through which they pass to reach the ascending fines d and e, and down through the fiuesf, and up outside of the shell A of the boiler, as clearly shown by the arrows. Thus it will be seen that the large amount of surface of the boiler exposed to the products of combustion securesa perfect absorption of all the available heat produced by the fuel consumed in the fire-chamber.

By the arrangement of the magazine as shown its lower end, though extended down into the fire-chamber so as to form between it and the outer walls of the fire-chamber and the fiuesheet E a space for a combustionchamber, is protected by a surrounding space of water, a, which prevents the injurious heating of the lower end of the magazine, as would be the case without the protecting body of water, the over-heating of the coal and production of gases in the magazine without their proper combustion, and at the same time prevents IIO the rapid destruction oi that part of the magazine exposed to a high heat without the water-protection, as shown.

Having fully described my invention,its construction and operation, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a boiler for generating steam, the combinationof avertical central coal-magazine extending down into the fire-chamber and having a protecting water-space formed in its projecting end, an inner set of fines communicating with the fire-chamber'for carrying the pro ducts of combustion upward, and an outer set of fines for carrying the same downward, all arranged within theouter shell of the boiler substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a boiler for generating steam, a vertical central coal-magazine extending down into the fire-chamber and having a protecting water-space formed in its projecting end, and with inner flues communicating with the firechamber, in combination with awater-proe tected fire-chamber formed by the downward extension of the boiler outside the magazine and the outerflues arrangedinside of the outer shell of the boiler, substantially as set forth.

3. In combination with a vertical central coal-magazine projecting down into. the firechamber, having its walls protected by a water-space, the series of vertical flues,arranged substantially as described, whereby the products of combustion are caused to ascend through the inner set of flues and descend through the outer set of flues, and ascend from flue-sheet, united at their lower edges so as to form water-spaces around the coal-magazine and around said fire-chamber, substantially as described.

5. Thecombinaion, in avertical steam-generating boiler, of the flues to carry the products of combustion upward from the firechamber and downward inside the outer shell, and the flue-case arranged on top of the boiler, having the curved outer wall for deflecting the products of combustion downward toward the outer flues, substantially as described.

6. In a boiler for generating steam, the combination of a central coal-reservoir, the outer and inner set of flues, and a cap or case arranged over the flues and forming achamber through which the products of combustion pass from the inner to the outer flues, said cap or case having openings overthe flues and removable covers for closing said openings, substantially as set forth. a i

In testimony whereof I havehereunto set my hand this 17th day of June, A. D. 1884.

OYRENUS \VHEELER, JR.

Witnesses:

JOHN ,BRAINARD, FRANK R. RATHBUN.

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