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US3276885A - Permanent finishes for cellulosic articles - Google Patents

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Publication number
US3276885A
US3276885A US249337A US24933763A US3276885A US 3276885 A US3276885 A US 3276885A US 249337 A US249337 A US 249337A US 24933763 A US24933763 A US 24933763A US 3276885 A US3276885 A US 3276885A
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Prior art keywords
glyoxal
solution
mannite
galacto
cellulosic
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Expired - Lifetime
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US249337A
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Gandon Louis
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Nobel Bozel SA
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Nobel Bozel SA
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Publication of US3276885A publication Critical patent/US3276885A/en
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
    • D21H19/10—Coatings without pigments
    • D21H19/12—Coatings without pigments applied as a solution using water as the only solvent, e.g. in the presence of acid or alkaline compounds
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
    • D06M13/12—Aldehydes; Ketones
    • D06M13/123—Polyaldehydes; Polyketones
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
    • D06M15/03—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
    • D06M15/03—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
    • D06M15/11—Starch or derivatives thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/53—Polyethers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2982—Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]
    • Y10T428/2991—Coated

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to new permanent finishes for cellulosic articles such as paper, cotton, cellulose fabrics, etc. More particularly, the cellulosic finishes according to the invention comprise at least one polysaccharide and glyoxal.
  • the polysaccharide is notably constituted by galacto-mannite.
  • Gu-ar flour extracted from guar seeds, is a special polysaccharide constituted by units of galactose and mannose; it is galacto-mannite.
  • the colloidal glyoxal solution of galacto-mannite possesses remarkable properties. In the first place it has an excellent stability as long as it is not applied on the cellulosic supporting surface, it can therefore be stored indefinitely before use, irrespective of its concentration in active product, that is to say in glyoxal. In solutions of the same concentration made from ordinary amylaceous materials such as starches (industrial and domestic), etc., glyoxal generally produces immediate coagulation, which practically excludes the utilization of such solutions.
  • the cellulosic support is not simply coated with a film of the coating product but is chemically combined in a fundamental manner, through the intermediary of the glyoxal, with the galacto-mannite.
  • the galacto-mannite is dissolved in water in order to obtain a colloidal solution of suitable concentration, for example, of the order of to 50 grams per liter.
  • the glyoxal is dissolved in the solution, taking for example a commercial glyoxal hydrate in the form of solid poly-hydrate or Patented Oct. 4, 1966 in the form of a solution, or, if desired, in the form of crystallized glyoxal hydrate, according to the effect desired, between 1 and 50 grams of glyoxal per 100 grams of galacto-mannite.
  • the cellulosic support is coated with this solution in a suitable manner, for example, at the rate of 0.1 to 5 grams of dry material per square metre of paper or of fabric.
  • the condensation is then effected, if so desired, by simply drying at ordinary temperatures, but preferably by heating, for example, at between 50 and 150 C., and preferably at about 100 C.
  • catalysts may be added, such as weak acids or salts of an acidic nature.
  • salts of zirconium and zinc may also be used, for example, in the proportion of 1% of salt with respect to the dry material.
  • Example 1 An aqueous solution of galacto-mannite is prepared at 25 grams per liter, and in this solution is dissolved a quantity of commercial glyoxal corresponding to 5 grams per liter of 100% glyoxal. This solution is used to coat a whitened or bleached kraft paper of 65 grams per square meter, at the rate of 2.5 grams of dry material per square meter of paper.
  • the coated paper is then heated to 100 C. for one minute.
  • the resistance to water was determined by the Jacobsen test, which consists of subjecting test pieces of identical dimensions, immersed for half their length in water at 20 to a constant tension, and measuring the time which elapses between the immersion of each test piece and its rupture at Water level.
  • the Jacobsen test gave 565 seconds for the paper treated in accordance with the method of the invention, against 0 second for the same paper untreated, 12 seconds for a paper treated with the galactomannite solution without addition of glyoxal and 0 second for the paper treated with the glyoxal solution not containing any galacto-mannite.
  • Example 2 An aqueous solution of galacto-mannite is prepared at 25 grams per liter, in which solution there is dissolved a quantity of commercial glyoxal corresponding to 2.5 grams per liter of 100% glyoxal. A cotton fabric is coated with this solution at the rate of 7 grams of dry material per square metre of fabric. The fabric is then heated at for one minute.
  • a permanent finish for cellulosic materials consisting essentially of an aqueous solution of colloidal galactomannite having a concentration between 5 and 50 grams per liter of solution and a proportion of glyoxal in said solution between 1 and 50 grams of 100% glyoxal per 100 grams of galacto-mannite.
  • a permanent finish for cellulosic materials consisting essentially of an aqueous colloidal solution of 5-50 gms. of galacto-mannite per liter of solution, 1-50 gms.
  • a permanently finished cellulosic material having a cellulose base, glyoxal residue condensed with the surface molecules of said cellulose base, and galacto-mannite condensed on'said 'glyoxal residue, said glyoxal. and galacto-mannite being present in an amount of about 0.1-7 gms. per square meter of ce'llulosic material.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

Description

United States Patent 3,276,885 PERMANENT FINISHES FORCELLULOSIC ARTICLES 93, 4 Claims. (Cl. 106205) The present invention relates to new permanent finishes for cellulosic articles such as paper, cotton, cellulose fabrics, etc. More particularly, the cellulosic finishes according to the invention comprise at least one polysaccharide and glyoxal.
Still more particularly, the polysaccharide is notably constituted by galacto-mannite.
Gu-ar flour, extracted from guar seeds, is a special polysaccharide constituted by units of galactose and mannose; it is galacto-mannite.
In order to obtain the finishing product according to the invention, there is first prepared an aqueous colloidal solution of galacto-mannite in which glyoxal is dissolved. The cellulose article to be treated is coated with this solution and then dried, preferably by heat. Without the applicant being bound by or restricted by a theory, it is suggested that there is then produced a condensation reaction between the glyoxal and the galacto-mannite on the one hand and between the glyoxal and the cellulosic support on the other.
The colloidal glyoxal solution of galacto-mannite possesses remarkable properties. In the first place it has an excellent stability as long as it is not applied on the cellulosic supporting surface, it can therefore be stored indefinitely before use, irrespective of its concentration in active product, that is to say in glyoxal. In solutions of the same concentration made from ordinary amylaceous materials such as starches (industrial and domestic), etc., glyoxal generally produces immediate coagulation, which practically excludes the utilization of such solutions.
When the said glyoxal colloidal solution of galactomannite is applied to the cellulosic support, there is produced, even in the cold state, a double condensation reaction of the glyoxal which is much more intense in the hot state. It would appear that the glyoxal first reacts with the cellulosic material of the support and that this reaction, by an apparent catalytic effect, causes a condensation reaction with the galacto-mannite. This would explain the stability of the solution in the absence of the support and the profound chemical transformation which takes place in the presence of the cellulosic support.
From the practical point of View, the result is that the cellulosic support is not simply coated with a film of the coating product but is chemically combined in a fundamental manner, through the intermediary of the glyoxal, with the galacto-mannite. 1
Thus, for example, it is possible to obtain with a paper or a cardboard, a remarkable performance in respect of resistance to water, a high resistance to penetration by fats, and exceptional printing qualities.
In the case of cellulose fabrics, there are obtained finishing effects which are very resistant to washing, that is to say extremely permanent such as: a better feel to the touch, and improvements in starching and non-creasing properties. 7
In carrying out the method according to the invention, the galacto-mannite is dissolved in water in order to obtain a colloidal solution of suitable concentration, for example, of the order of to 50 grams per liter. Then the glyoxal is dissolved in the solution, taking for example a commercial glyoxal hydrate in the form of solid poly-hydrate or Patented Oct. 4, 1966 in the form of a solution, or, if desired, in the form of crystallized glyoxal hydrate, according to the effect desired, between 1 and 50 grams of glyoxal per 100 grams of galacto-mannite.
The cellulosic support is coated with this solution in a suitable manner, for example, at the rate of 0.1 to 5 grams of dry material per square metre of paper or of fabric.
The condensation is then effected, if so desired, by simply drying at ordinary temperatures, but preferably by heating, for example, at between 50 and 150 C., and preferably at about 100 C.
According to a particular feature of the invention, in order to carry out the condensation, catalysts may be added, such as weak acids or salts of an acidic nature. In order to obtain a good water resistance for paper to water, salts of zirconium and zinc may also be used, for example, in the proportion of 1% of salt with respect to the dry material.
In order to make the invention more readily under.- stood, two examples of its application will be given below by way of indication only and without any implied limitation.
' Example 1 An aqueous solution of galacto-mannite is prepared at 25 grams per liter, and in this solution is dissolved a quantity of commercial glyoxal corresponding to 5 grams per liter of 100% glyoxal. This solution is used to coat a whitened or bleached kraft paper of 65 grams per square meter, at the rate of 2.5 grams of dry material per square meter of paper.
The coated paper is then heated to 100 C. for one minute.
There is thus obtained a paper, the resistance of which to Water has become remarkable, whereas it had practically no resistance at all before the treatment.
The resistance to water was determined by the Jacobsen test, which consists of subjecting test pieces of identical dimensions, immersed for half their length in water at 20 to a constant tension, and measuring the time which elapses between the immersion of each test piece and its rupture at Water level.
In the above case, the Jacobsen test gave 565 seconds for the paper treated in accordance with the method of the invention, against 0 second for the same paper untreated, 12 seconds for a paper treated with the galactomannite solution without addition of glyoxal and 0 second for the paper treated with the glyoxal solution not containing any galacto-mannite.
The effect of resistance to water of the treated paper remained practically unchanged after a series of successive immersions in water, followed by drying at 100 C.
Similar results 'were obtained with papers or cardboards of all kinds, for example with straw paper for corrugating, with various kraft papers, with imitation sulphurized papers, etc.
With an imitation sulphurized paper for example, treated in accordance with the principle of the invention, the resistance to the penetration of fats is practically doubled as compared with an untreated sample (test using butyl Carbitol).
Example 2 An aqueous solution of galacto-mannite is prepared at 25 grams per liter, in which solution there is dissolved a quantity of commercial glyoxal corresponding to 2.5 grams per liter of 100% glyoxal. A cotton fabric is coated with this solution at the rate of 7 grams of dry material per square metre of fabric. The fabric is then heated at for one minute.
There is obtained an uncreasable and stiffened (fabric. These effects are permanent, that is to say they remain It will furthermore be understood that the present in- I vention has been described only in a purely explanatory manner and without any implied limitation whatever, and that any useful modification may be made thereto. without departing from its scope. Thus, in particular, the main ingredients of the finish according to the invention may be previously mixed in powdered form, and the appropriate quantity of water can then be added at the time of use of the finish. In consequence, therefore, the finishing product according to the invention can be readily stored either in the completely prepared form (in view of its stability) or in the form of a dry mixture of its solid ingredients.
I claim:
1. A permanent finish for cellulosic materials consisting essentially of an aqueous solution of colloidal galactomannite having a concentration between 5 and 50 grams per liter of solution and a proportion of glyoxal in said solution between 1 and 50 grams of 100% glyoxal per 100 grams of galacto-mannite.
2. A permanent finish for cellulosic materials consisting essentially of an aqueous colloidal solution of 5-50 gms. of galacto-mannite per liter of solution, 1-50 gms.
of 100% glyoxal per 100 gms. of galacto-mannite' and a condensation catalyst selected from the group consisting of weak acids and acid s-al-ts.
3. In a method of finishing a cellulosic mate-rial ineluding paper, cardboard, cotton, cellulose fabrics and the like, the improvement consisting of coating said cellulosic material with about 0.1-7 gms. of dry material per-square meter of cellulosic material of an aqueous colloidal solution of a finish comprising 5-50 gms. of galacto-mannite per liter of solutionand .1- gms. of glyoxal per 100 gms. of galacto-mannite, and drying the product thus coated between about 100-150 C. 4. A permanently finished cellulosic material having a cellulose base, glyoxal residue condensed with the surface molecules of said cellulose base, and galacto-mannite condensed on'said 'glyoxal residue, said glyoxal. and galacto-mannite being present in an amount of about 0.1-7 gms. per square meter of ce'llulosic material.
References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,238,839 4/ 1941 Watkins 8115.6 2,411,818 11/1946 Weiss 8-115.6 2,644,750 7/ 1953 Frisch et a1 106-205 2,803,558 8/1957 Fronmuller 106--205 2,988,455 6/ 1961 Rosenberg et al 106162 3,084,057 4/1963 Jordan 106-205 FOREIGN PATENTS 634,634 3/ 1950 Great Britain.
ALEXANDER H. BRODMERKEL, Primary Examiner.
L. HAYES, Assistant Examiner.

Claims (1)

1. A PERMANENT FINISH FOR CELLULOSIC MATERIALS CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF COLLOIDAL GALACTOMANNITE HAVING A CONCENTRATION BETWEEN 5 AND 50 GRAMS PER LITER OF SOLUTION AND A PROPORTION OF GLYOXAL IN SAID SOLUTION BETWEEN 1 AND 50 GRAMS OF 100% GLYOXAL PER 100 GRAMS OF GALACTO-MANNITE.
US249337A 1962-04-05 1963-01-04 Permanent finishes for cellulosic articles Expired - Lifetime US3276885A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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FR893501A FR1344235A (en) 1962-04-05 1962-04-05 Permanent primers for cellulosic articles

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3357877A (en) * 1963-01-09 1967-12-12 Nobel Bozel Method of stiffening the corrugations of corrugated cardboards and the resultant prodct
WO1998054395A1 (en) * 1997-05-26 1998-12-03 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Fiber coated with water blocking material
US6485530B1 (en) 1998-03-24 2002-11-26 Nano-Tex, Llc Modified textile and other materials and methods for their preparation
US20040043915A1 (en) * 2002-08-19 2004-03-04 Unilever Home & Personal Care Usa, Division Of Conopco, Inc. Fabric care composition
US20120282031A1 (en) * 2011-05-06 2012-11-08 Central Fiber Llc Surface treatment compositions and preparation methods

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2238839A (en) * 1935-08-17 1941-04-15 Watkins William Crease-resisting treatment of textile materials
US2411818A (en) * 1941-10-20 1946-11-26 Heberlein Patent Corp Process for treating cellulose-containing textiles
GB634634A (en) * 1944-12-07 1950-03-22 Bancroft & Sons Co J Improvements in or relating to the finishing of fabrics and other fibrous materials
US2644750A (en) * 1951-06-26 1953-07-07 Stein Hall & Co Inc Paper making process utilizing modified locust bean gum
US2803558A (en) * 1956-06-27 1957-08-20 Commw Color & Chemical Co Method of treating adhesive gums
US2988455A (en) * 1958-03-06 1961-06-13 American Mach & Foundry Polysaccharide composition and method of manufacture
US3084057A (en) * 1960-01-27 1963-04-02 Gen Mills Inc Gum sols of improved heat stability

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2643236A (en) * 1950-12-29 1953-06-23 American Cyanamid Co Method of preparing condensation products of pentaerythritol and glyoxal
BE521313A (en) * 1953-06-23

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2238839A (en) * 1935-08-17 1941-04-15 Watkins William Crease-resisting treatment of textile materials
US2411818A (en) * 1941-10-20 1946-11-26 Heberlein Patent Corp Process for treating cellulose-containing textiles
GB634634A (en) * 1944-12-07 1950-03-22 Bancroft & Sons Co J Improvements in or relating to the finishing of fabrics and other fibrous materials
US2644750A (en) * 1951-06-26 1953-07-07 Stein Hall & Co Inc Paper making process utilizing modified locust bean gum
US2803558A (en) * 1956-06-27 1957-08-20 Commw Color & Chemical Co Method of treating adhesive gums
US2988455A (en) * 1958-03-06 1961-06-13 American Mach & Foundry Polysaccharide composition and method of manufacture
US3084057A (en) * 1960-01-27 1963-04-02 Gen Mills Inc Gum sols of improved heat stability

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3357877A (en) * 1963-01-09 1967-12-12 Nobel Bozel Method of stiffening the corrugations of corrugated cardboards and the resultant prodct
WO1998054395A1 (en) * 1997-05-26 1998-12-03 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Fiber coated with water blocking material
US6485530B1 (en) 1998-03-24 2002-11-26 Nano-Tex, Llc Modified textile and other materials and methods for their preparation
US6599327B2 (en) 1998-03-24 2003-07-29 Nano-Tex, Llc Modified textiles and other materials and methods for their preparation
US6607564B2 (en) 1998-03-24 2003-08-19 Nano-Tex, Llc Modified textiles and other materials and methods for their preparation
US20040043915A1 (en) * 2002-08-19 2004-03-04 Unilever Home & Personal Care Usa, Division Of Conopco, Inc. Fabric care composition
WO2004018765A1 (en) * 2002-08-19 2004-03-04 Unilever Plc Fabric care composition
US20120282031A1 (en) * 2011-05-06 2012-11-08 Central Fiber Llc Surface treatment compositions and preparation methods
US8936673B2 (en) * 2011-05-06 2015-01-20 Central Fiber, LLC Surface treatment compositions and preparation methods
US20150071713A1 (en) * 2011-05-06 2015-03-12 Central Fiber Llc Surface treatment compositions and preparation methods
US10753059B2 (en) * 2011-05-06 2020-08-25 Profile Products Llc Surface treatment compositions and preparation methods

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Publication number Publication date
FR1344235A (en) 1963-11-29
GB988026A (en) 1965-03-31
DE1238432B (en) 1967-04-13

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