US3266205A - Warped floor building construction - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 16, 1966 E. M. KHOURY WARPED FLOOR BUILDING CONSTRUCTION 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed July 25, 1963 9 3, $14. Y M 2m m 1 u i m U N E Wu 0 M N m2)- mu N Na Wu m 2 m n T A n Aug. 16, 1966 E. M. KHOURY WARPED FLOOR BUILDING CONSTRUCTION 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed July 23, 1963 EsA M, KHoL/RV INVENTOR.

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AT TORNE VS United States Patent 3,266,205 WARPED FLOOR BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Esa M. Khoury, 20401 Napa St., Canoga Park, Calif. Filed July 23, 1963, Ser. No. 297,141 8 Claims. (Cl. 52-475) This invention has to do with multistory buildings particularly suitable for use as garages for the parking of vehicles and embodying warped floor sections which merge into inclines in a manner such that a vehicle can be driven up or down in the building from floor to floor. This general type of building is disclosed and claimed in my United States Letters Patent No. 2,960,732, wherein a basic construction is disclosed and claimed which utilizes hyperbolic paraboloidal sections.

An object of the present invention is to provide an improvement upon the multistory building disclosed in my said patent embodying a novel combination of inclines and warped floor sections which can be readily and economically constructed and which are so arranged as to provide a continuous ramp or floor means for driving a vehicle up or down from floor to floor.

Another object is to provide such a construction which may be utilized to provide straight exterior building lines disposed either horizontally level or inclined.

A further object is to provide a construction of the type indicated which makes it possible for a vehicle to ascend or descend two or more floors at a time by a path in which the vehicle turns through a complete circle laterally.

Still another object is to provide a construction which is adaptable in whole or in part to various building sites and which makes it possible to provide several separate trafiic paths into and throughout the building, thereby eliminating congestion or trafiic interference.

These and other objects will be apparent from the drawings and the following description. Referring to the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic isometric view of a building embodying one form of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a plan view;

FIG. 3 is a section on line 3-3 of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a section on line 44 of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic isometric view of a basic building unit;

FIG. 6 is a diagram of a hyperbolic paraboloid;

FIG. 7 is a diagrammatic isometric view of an alternate form of the invention; and

FIG. 8 is a cross section on line 8-8 of FIG. 7.

More particularly describing the invention, referring first to FIGS. 1-4, I show a multistory building 11 cornprising a plurality of superposed floors 12 and these may be supported upon columns (not shown) such as illustrated in my aforementioned patent, or upon walls (not shown) or a combination of each. Each floor is shown as having a level perimeter area consisting of side sections 13 and 14 and end sections 15 and 16. The broken lines 17, 18, 19 and 20 designate the inner boundaries of the perimeter sections, respectively. These sections are all in the same plane and the plane may be horizontal as shown, or if desired, it may be tilted at an angle to the horizontal to suit any particular building site or specifications. While the building has been shown as provided with these level or planar perimeter sections, none of these is essential and one or more or all may be omitted. However, these sections are desirable for the aforementioned purpose of providing straight level exterior building lines, and for the purpose of providing a flat area convenient for parking vehicles and for other purposes.

3,266,205 Patented August 16, 1965 In my US. Patent No. 2,960,732 I show a basic construction wherein pairs of oppositely warped adjacent hyperbolic paraboloidal floor sections are used in conjunction with inclines to form a continuous ramp means from floor to floor of the building. In its simplest form an inclined floor section merges with the inclined edges of a pair of such rectangular hyperbolic paraboloidal warped floor sections, one of which extends down a half story from one floor and the other of which extends up a half story from the floor below, and a connecting floor section is employed at the opposite edges of the pair of warped floor sections to give access one to the other. This is shown in FIG. 1 of the patent. By combining two such basic units so that the inclined floor sections thereof are merged into one, as shown in FIG. 5 of the patent and FIG. 5 of this application, a rectangular combined unit is formed which has all its outer edges in the same plane. In FIG. 5 the upwardly warped hyperbolic paraboloidal sections are designated 22F while the downwardly warped ones are designated 23P. The inclined sections are designated 25P. In my present invention I utilize this latter or combined unit, with certain alterations, to form various structures having advantages far beyond those of the combined unit alone.

Referring now particularly to FIG. 1 hereof, the structure may be divided for the purpose of description into three sections, namely, a first end section, designated A, a middle section, designated B, and a second end section, designated C. On each floor, each of these sections includes a pair of upwardly warped hyperbolic parabolodial sections 22 and a pair of downwardly warped hyperbolic paraboloidal sections 23. Between each pair of warped sections I provide an incline 25 which merges at its lateral edges with the warped sections. These inclines extend from one peripheral side section or surface 13 at one floor elevation to the other peripheral side section 14 at the next higher or lower floor elevation, except as where it terminates short thereof as in the case of the sections 25 of the upper floor. In this connection it should be noted that the center incline slopes oppositely to the other two inclines. If the end perimeter sections 15 and 16 are omitted or disregarded, it will be seen that the three sections A, B and C are identical, but that the middle section B is turned with respect to the other two sections.

As heretofore indicated, the warped sections may be described as of hyperbolic paraboloidal form. By way of explaining the expression of hyperbolic paraboloidal form as used herein, reference is made now to FIG. 6. The horizontal plane AC'E'G' thereof contains the generatrices 1' parallel to the y axis and h parallel to the x axis. If thi surface or plane is warped by vertically depressing the corners A and E to A and E, respectively, and the i generatrices pivot about the fixed axis FOB while the h generatrices pivot about axis HOD, the resulting warped surface ACEG is a conventional hyperbolic paraboloid. It will be apparent that the warped surface contains two systems of straight lines it and i which are parallel to the planes XOZ and YOZ, respectively, and thus may be readily constructed. The sections 22 and 23 which I utilize may be seen each to comprise a quarter section of the entire hyperbolic paraboloid ACEG of the diagram. Thus sections 22 each correspond to the portion BCDO while ections 23 each correspond to the portion ABOH. Where the sections 22 and 23 join or merge as between the inclines 25, together each area 22, 23 corresponds to a half section of the entire hyperbolic paraboloid or ACDH. However, it is common in the engineering and construction industry to term any portion of the entire figure ACEG a hyperbolic paraboloid whether it be a quarter, a half or other major fraction of the whole.

It will be understood that the floor sections below those visible in FIGS. 1 and 2 correspond with the latter, being spaced one floor apart vertically. In other words, the floor sections are tiered or superposed from bottom to top of the building. It will also be apparent that the Warped sections 22 and 23 act as transitional sections between the level perimeter areas and the inclines.

With the construction thus far described a vehicle may ascend'or descend two floors at a time by making one complete path of revolution. Thus, assuming a vehicle starts at the head of the center incline 25 at S1 and follows the path designated 30 downwardly to a point directly under S1, it will be two floors below S1. In this connection it should be noted that this is based upon the premise that each quarter section 22 and 23 is vertically warped one-half floor or story.

As previously indicated, the flat perimeter areas are not essential but only a convenience. It will also be appreciated that an operative building results if constructed to include only two sets of inclines 25 and the superposed pairs of the oppositely wampod tnansi-tion sections ( sections 22 and 23, for example) therebetween. Also, a building may be constructed to include all three sets of inclines but not including the endmost sections 22 and 23 or level sections and 16 therebe'yond.

Referring now to FIGS. 7 and 8, I show a building structure 40 embodying another form of the invention which in essence comprises two of the structures of FIG. 1 combined but with the perimeter areas 13, 14, 15 and 16deleted. In FIGS. 7 and 8, areas or floor sections which correspond to those in FIGS. 14 are designated by the same reference numerals except that these are distinguished by the letter A. Structure 40 is shown as having three inclines 25A on each floor and a plurality of warped sections 22A and 23A. The latter are combined in the same manner as in FIGS. 1 and 2, but, as previously indicated, the structure of FIG. 7 is in essence two of the structures of FIGS. 1 and 2 combined or merged in side-to-side relation. Thus, the portion of the structure 'of FIG. 7 on either side of the longitudinal axis L will be seen to correspond to the portion of the structure of FIGS. 1 and 2 inwardly of the flat perimeter areas 13, 14, 15 and 16.

In the structure 40, quarter sections, half sections, and whole hyperbolic paraboloids are used in combination with the inclines. Thus the sections 22A and 23A at the four corners are each a quarter section of a hyperbolic paraboloid. Along each side of the structure between inclines where the sections 22A and 23A merge the combined area is a half section of a hyperbolic paraboloid. The two rectangular central areas between the inclines are each made up of two sections 22A and two sections 23A, forming a complete hyperbolic paraboloid as shown in FIG. 5.

In order to illustrate the basic structure, no fiat perimeter areas are shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, but it will be apparent that these can be added at the ends and sides as desired. Also, since the drawings are largely diagrammatic, no supports have been shown for the floors, but, as previously mentioned, columns and walls can be used where desired. It would be desirable to employ vertical supporting walls extending longitudinally of the structure between the incline and along the oppositely inclined edges of the warped sections.

The structure shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 provides a multiplicity of traflic paths which relieve congestion and at the same time makes it possible for an automobile to be driven as much as four floors vertically in a single 360 path. Also, a vehicle may be driven one, two, or three floors at a time.

Although I have shown and described preferred forms of my invention, I contemplate that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the invention, the scope of which is indicated by the following claims.

I claim:

1. In a multistory building, a plurality of superposed, vertically spaced floors formed to provide continuous rarnp means extending from floor to floor, comprising a first tier of vertically spaced inclines, a second tier of vertically spaced inclines, said tiers being in parallel planes and spaced laterally a substantial distance, the inclines of said first tier sloping similarly to each other, the inclines of said second tier sloping similarly to each other but oppositely to those of said first tier, a first tier of vertically spaced rectangular hyperbolic paraboloidal transition sections extending between individual inclines of said tiers of inclines, respectively, a second tier of vertically spaced, rectangular, hyperbolic paraboloidal transition sections extending between individual inclines of said tiers of inclines respectively, said transition sectons extending parallel to each other with the sections of one tier being warped oppositely to those of the other tier, the corners of greatest deflection of said sections of one tier being adjacent the corners of greatest deflection of the other tier.

2. The structure set forth in claim 1 in which two tiers of parallel, rectangular, oppositely warped hyperbolic paraboloidal sections are provided marginal to and beyond each tier of said inclines and in alignment with the tiers of said transition sections.

3. The structure of claim 1 in which opposite pairs of transition sections have outer margins disposed in a common plane.

4. The structure of claim 1 wherein an identical structure is joined thereto in side-by-side relation therewith with the inclines of said identical structure forming continuations of the inclines of the structure or claim 1.

5. In a multistory building, a plurality of super-posed, vertically spaced floors formed to provide continuous ramp means extending from floor to floor, comprising three tiers of vertically spaced inclines, said tiers being in parallel planes and being laterally spaced, the inclines of each tier sloping similarly to each other with the inclines of the intermediate tier sloping oppositely to the inclines of the other tiers, a first tier of vertically spaced rectangular hyperbolic paraboloidal transition sections extending between individual inclines of each of said other of said tiers of inclines and said individual inclines of said intermediate tier of inclines, a second tier of vertically spaced, rectangular, hyperbolic paraboloidal transition sections extending between individual inclines of each of said other of said tiers of inclines and said individual inclines of said intermediate tier of inclines, said transition of sections of laterally adjacent tiers extending in parallel planes with the sections of one tier being warped oppositely to those of the laterally adjacent tier, the corners of greatest deflection of said transition sections of one tier being adjacent the corners of greatest deflection of the other laterally adjacent tier.

6. The structure set forth in claim 1 wherein an identical structure is joined thereto in side-by-side relation with the inclines of said structure forming contin'ua'tions of the inclines of the structure of claim 1.

7. In a multistory building, a plurality of superposed vertically spaced floors formed to provide continuous ramp means extending from floor to floor, two tiers of full-hyperbolic paraboloid center floor sections, a center tier of inclines between and merged with said floor sections, a tier of end inclines at the end of and merged with the floor sections of each tier of full-hyperbolic parabolic floor sections, said last mentioned tiers of inclines being inclined oppositely to said center tier of inclines, and a tier of half-hyperbolic paraboloid side floor sections at each side of each tier of full-hyperbolic Ii 0 paraboloid sections and merging with the inclines of an end tier of inclines and with the inclines of said center tier of inclines, said half-hyperbolic paraboloid floor sections being Warped oppositely to the adjacent floor sections of said full hyperbolic paraboloid floor sections. 8. The building set forth in claim 7 in which a tier of half-hyperbolic paraboloid floor sections is provided beyond each tier of end inclines and in alignment With said tiers of full-hyperbolic paraboloid floor sections and in which a corner tier of quarter-hyperbolic paraboloid floor sections is provided beyond each of said tiers of end inclines.

References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,110,305 3/1938 Moore 52l75 2,960,732 11/1960 Khoury 52-175 OTHER REFERENCES Architectural Record, April 1947, pages 125128 inelusive.

10 FRANK L. ABBOTT, Primary Examiner.

J. E. MURTAGH, Assistant Examiner.

Claims (1)

1. IN A MULTISTORY BUILDING, A PLURALITY OF SUPERPOSED, VERTICALLY SPACED FLOORS FORMED TO PROVIDE CONTINUOUS RAMP MEANS EXTENDING FROM FLOOR TO FLOOR, COMPRISING A FIRST TIER OF VERTICALLY SPACED INCLINES, A SECOND TIER OF VERTICALLY SPACED INCLINES, SAID TIRES BEING IN PARALLEL PLANES AND SPACED LATERALLY A SUBSTANTIALY DISTANCE, THE INCLINES OF SAID FIRST LIER SLOPING SIMILARLY TO EACH OTHER, THE INCLINES OF SAID SECOND TIER SLOPING SIMILARLY TO EACH OTHER BUT OPPOSITELY TO THOSE OF SAID FIRST TIER, A FIRST TIER OF VERTICALLY SPACED RECTANGULAR HYPERBOLIC PARABOLOIDAL TRANSITION SECTIONS EXTENDING BETWEEN INDIVIDUAL INCLINES OF SAID TIERS OF INCLINES, RESPECTIVELY, A SECOND TIER OF VERTICALLY SPACED, RECTANGULAR, HYPERBOLIC PARABOLOIDAL TRANSITION SECTIONS EXTENDING BETWEEN INDIVIDUAL INCLINES OF SAID TIERS OF INCLINES RESPECTIVELY, SAID TRANSITION SECTONS EXTENDING PARALLEL TO EACH OTHER WITH THE SECTIONS OF ONE TIER BEING WARPED OPPOSITELY TO THOSE OF THE OTHER TIER, THE CORNERS OF GREATEST DEFLECTION OF SAID SECTIONS OF ONE TIER BEING ADJACENT THE CORNERS OF GREATEST DEFLECTION OF THE OTHER TIER.

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