US3117521A - Non-hazardous dispersing systems for liquids and volatile solids - Google Patents
Non-hazardous dispersing systems for liquids and volatile solids Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3117521A US3117521A US83593A US8359361A US3117521A US 3117521 A US3117521 A US 3117521A US 83593 A US83593 A US 83593A US 8359361 A US8359361 A US 8359361A US 3117521 A US3117521 A US 3117521A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- spheres
- hazardous
- container
- grenade
- liquids
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims description 10
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 4
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 3
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007903 gelatin capsule Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000012858 resilient material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 description 1
- TZRXHJWUDPFEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)OCC(CO[N+]([O-])=O)(CO[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+]([O-])=O TZRXHJWUDPFEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000026 Pentaerythritol tetranitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002973 irritant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960004321 pentaerithrityl tetranitrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- IMACFCSSMIZSPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenacyl chloride Chemical compound ClCC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 IMACFCSSMIZSPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003491 tear gas Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
- F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
- F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
- F42B12/46—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing gases, vapours, powders or chemically-reactive substances
- F42B12/50—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing gases, vapours, powders or chemically-reactive substances by dispersion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B27/00—Hand grenades
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C19/00—Hand fire-extinguishers in which the extinguishing substance is expelled by an explosion; Exploding containers thrown into the fire
Definitions
- the invention comprises a resilient container which, when in completed state, is intended to be used as a non-hazardous grenade.
- a further object of the invention is to provide a nonhazardous grenade, which covers two types of non hazardous dispersing systems.
- the first system utilizes explosive dissemination, both high and low order; and the second system utilizes gas producing fuels to disseminate the materials in close proximity to the target without causing injury or damage.
- FIG. 1 is a partially sectionalized elevation of the container.
- FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic representation of a sectionalized container showing the basic internal filling.
- FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic representation of a sectionalized container and plurality of spheres therein, showing a modified version of the filling.
- the body member 1 is a resilient hollow natural or synthetic rubber container which can be made in any size or shape (only the spherical shape is shown) in any convenient Way, as for an example by the dipping process or in any other corresponding manner.
- the container is made such that its constricted tubular neck 3 is capable of holding by friction the fuse 5 so that both of these can be properly sealed to each other.
- the said fuse at the upper end is penetrated with a cotter pin 7, having a pull-ring 9, while at the lower end it has a primer mixture pellet 11.
- the said fuse may be of any suitable construction or one of the more conventional hand grenade types such as covered by the US. Patent 2,203,640.
- the container has a plurality of vent holes 13 which are sealed off with patches 15, made up of a thin resilient material. It will be readily apparent, that depending upon the desired results, any suitable number of the said vent holes or any suitable thickness of the said patches may be used.
- the second system utilizes gas producing fuels to disseminate the materials in close proximity to the target without causing injury or damage. It may be further pointed out here that in each of the above systems, when the said grenade is exploded, the fuse itself will harmlessly fall to the ground without causing any injury.
- the non-hazardous grenade herein described may also be used in dispersing irritant agents such as tear gas etc., in any situation where it is required to disperse any type of material, such as riot control, signalling smokes, and the like.
- a grenade for dispersing liquid and volatile material comprising a hollow resilient container having a tubular neck, and fuze means located in said neck, said container having a pyrotechnic charge therein with a plurality of spheres interspersed in said charge, said spheres having a filling of said pyrotechnic charge intermixed with said material to be dispersed and each of said spheres being capable of being ignitedtand dispersed over a Wide area upon explosion of said grenade.
- each said sphere has a small starter charge thereon for the igniting of the filling material of said spheres, said filling material consisting of a loose mixture of pyrotechnic material and gelatin capsules, said capsules containing volatile solids whereby upon the explosion of said grenade, said starter charge, said filling material and said capsules are ignited and consumed by the heat created by the said loose mixture of pyrotechnic charge of said spheres thus releasing said volatile solids therefrom.
- V 3 A grenade of the character described in claim 2 in which the material in said gelatin capsules is in liquid form.
- each said sphere has a small starter charge thereon for ignition of the filling material of said spheres
- said filling material consisting of a loose mixture of pyrotechnic material and volatile solids whereby upon the explosion of said grenade said starter charge and said filling material are ignited thus releasing said volatile solids therefrom.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
Description
W. W. REAVES NON-HAZARDOUS DISPERSING SYSTEMS FOR LIQUIDS AND VOLATILE SOLIDS Filed Jan. 18, 1961 Jan. 14, 1964 INVENTOR' Woodrow Ml. Reeves ATTORNEY nited States atent fiice 3,117,521 N Obi-HAZARDOUS DISPERSING SYSTEMS FOR LIQUIDS AND VOLATILE SOLIDS Woodrow W. Reaves, Baltimore, Md, assignor to the United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Army Filed Jan. 18, 1961, Ser. No. 83,593 4 Claims. (Cl. 16265) (Granted under Title 35, US. Code (1952), sec. 266) The invention described herein may be manufactured and used by or for the Government of the United States of America for governmental purposes without the payment to me of any royalty thereon.
This item relates to non-hazardous dispersing systems for liquids and volatile solids.
More specifically, the invention comprises a resilient container which, when in completed state, is intended to be used as a non-hazardous grenade.
A further object of the invention is to provide a nonhazardous grenade, which covers two types of non hazardous dispersing systems. The first system utilizes explosive dissemination, both high and low order; and the second system utilizes gas producing fuels to disseminate the materials in close proximity to the target without causing injury or damage.
These and other objects and features of the invention will more fully appear from the following description and the accompanying drawing and will be particularly pointed out in the claims.
Referring to the drawing,
FIG. 1 is a partially sectionalized elevation of the container.
FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic representation of a sectionalized container showing the basic internal filling.
FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic representation of a sectionalized container showing a modified version of the internal filling.
FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic representation of a sectionalized container and plurality of spheres therein, showing the internal filling.
FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic representation of a sectionalized container and plurality of spheres therein, showing a modified version of the filling.
The body member 1 is a resilient hollow natural or synthetic rubber container which can be made in any size or shape (only the spherical shape is shown) in any convenient Way, as for an example by the dipping process or in any other corresponding manner. The container is made such that its constricted tubular neck 3 is capable of holding by friction the fuse 5 so that both of these can be properly sealed to each other. The said fuse at the upper end is penetrated with a cotter pin 7, having a pull-ring 9, while at the lower end it has a primer mixture pellet 11. The said fuse may be of any suitable construction or one of the more conventional hand grenade types such as covered by the US. Patent 2,203,640. Diametrically located, the container has a plurality of vent holes 13 which are sealed off with patches 15, made up of a thin resilient material. It will be readily apparent, that depending upon the desired results, any suitable number of the said vent holes or any suitable thickness of the said patches may be used.
In the explosive dissemination system, the resilient container contains a centrally located primer pellet 11 (as shown in FIG. 1) surrounded by a loose mixture of pyrotechnic material and the material to be dispersed i.e. volatile liquids or volatile solids as shown in FIG. 2.
If desired, the said material to be dispersed may be encapsulated and then placed together with the loose pyrotechnic mixture in the said resilient container (as shown in FIG. 3). The capsules being made of gelatin or any other equivalent quick melting substance. In use, they are almost instantly consumed by the heat thus releasing their contents. The charge used may be any explosive which will produce the desired effect. For an example, a 4 /2-inch spherical resilient container containing a desired filling can be exploded by 210 grains of pentaerythritol tetranitrate without causing injury to mammal targets at a 12-inch standoif. This system is applicable to both, the solids (as shown in FIG. 2) or liquids (as indicated in FIG. 3) encapsulated in a gelatin type of capsule.
The above dispersion can be effectively accomplished by controlling the internal pressure of said resilient container to any given requirement, by varying the containers thickness, the number and diameter of the vent holes, and the thickness of the resilient material patches over the said vent holes.
The second or alternate method (shown in FIG. 4) is a multiple source device consisting of the said resilient container filled with spheres while the void between the said spheres is filled with pyrotechnic material. The contents of the said spheres are the same as in FIG. 1, and are ignited by a small starter charge 17 located in an opening of each of the spheres. The said small charge in each sphere is ignited through means of the fuse, the primer pellet, and the pyrotechnic charge occupying the void between the spheres in a manner like an almost instantaneous chain reaction. The method used shown in FIG. 5 is identical to the method shown in FIG. 4, except here, the material to be dispersed is encapsulated. The above mentioned encapsulated material can be in a liquid as well as in a volatile solid form. The alternate methods are capable of dispersing the ignited sphere over much wider area.
The second system utilizes gas producing fuels to disseminate the materials in close proximity to the target without causing injury or damage. It may be further pointed out here that in each of the above systems, when the said grenade is exploded, the fuse itself will harmlessly fall to the ground without causing any injury.
The non-hazardous grenade herein described may also be used in dispersing irritant agents such as tear gas etc., in any situation where it is required to disperse any type of material, such as riot control, signalling smokes, and the like.
While a preferred embodiment of the present invention has been illustrated in the foregoing specification, it is not intended to be limited thereto, but it is contemplated that it includes all modifications and embodiments within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
I claim:
1. A grenade for dispersing liquid and volatile material, comprising a hollow resilient container having a tubular neck, and fuze means located in said neck, said container having a pyrotechnic charge therein with a plurality of spheres interspersed in said charge, said spheres having a filling of said pyrotechnic charge intermixed with said material to be dispersed and each of said spheres being capable of being ignitedtand dispersed over a Wide area upon explosion of said grenade. v
2. A grenade of the character described in claim 1 wherein each said sphere has a small starter charge thereon for the igniting of the filling material of said spheres, said filling material consisting of a loose mixture of pyrotechnic material and gelatin capsules, said capsules containing volatile solids whereby upon the explosion of said grenade, said starter charge, said filling material and said capsules are ignited and consumed by the heat created by the said loose mixture of pyrotechnic charge of said spheres thus releasing said volatile solids therefrom.
V 3. A grenade of the character described in claim 2 in which the material in said gelatin capsules is in liquid form.
4. A grenade of the character described in claim 1 wherein each said sphere has a small starter charge thereon for ignition of the filling material of said spheres,
said filling material consisting of a loose mixture of pyrotechnic material and volatile solids whereby upon the explosion of said grenade said starter charge and said filling material are ignited thus releasing said volatile solids therefrom.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,435,228 Hammond Nov. 14, 1922 1,471,130 Hughes Oct. 16, 1923 1,895,149 Conkling Jan. 24, 1933 2,084,994 Allen June 29, 1937 2,564,870 Weiss Aug. 21, 1951 2,641,292 Quillihan Jan. 9, 1953 2,959,127 'Weinert Nov. 8, 1960 FOREIGN PATENTS 186,520 Germany Dec. 17, 1905 339,099 Italy Apr. 14, 1936
Claims (1)
1. A GRENADE FOR DISPERSING LIQUID AND VOLATILE MATERIAL, COMPRISING A HOLLOW RESILIENT CONTAINER HAVING A TUBULAR NECK, AND FUZE MEANS LOCATED IN SAID NECK, SAID CONTAINER HAVING A PYROTECHNIC CHARGE THEREIN WITH A PLURALITY OF SPHERES INTERSPERSED IN SAID CHARGE, SAID SPHERES HAVING A FILLING OF SAID PYROTECHNIC CHARGE INTERMIXED WITH SAID MATERIAL TO BE DISPERSED AND EACH OF SAID SPHERES BEING CAPABLE OF BEING IGNITED AND DISPERSED OVER A WIDE AREA UPON EXPLOSION OF SAID GRENADE.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US83593A US3117521A (en) | 1961-01-18 | 1961-01-18 | Non-hazardous dispersing systems for liquids and volatile solids |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US83593A US3117521A (en) | 1961-01-18 | 1961-01-18 | Non-hazardous dispersing systems for liquids and volatile solids |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3117521A true US3117521A (en) | 1964-01-14 |
Family
ID=22179352
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US83593A Expired - Lifetime US3117521A (en) | 1961-01-18 | 1961-01-18 | Non-hazardous dispersing systems for liquids and volatile solids |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3117521A (en) |
Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3269313A (en) * | 1965-01-18 | 1966-08-30 | William G Willmann | Self-propelled sub-munition |
| US3323958A (en) * | 1965-08-03 | 1967-06-06 | Penn Mitchell | Smoke grenade filling containing encapsulated oil and pyrotechnic materials |
| US3515070A (en) * | 1968-05-15 | 1970-06-02 | Us Army | Chemiluminescent peraminoethylene positioned within a brittle capsule |
| US3599571A (en) * | 1969-04-18 | 1971-08-17 | Brunswick Corp | Walking grenade |
| US3636874A (en) * | 1965-03-31 | 1972-01-25 | Us Navy | Method and means for dispersing chemical agents |
| US3774022A (en) * | 1965-06-30 | 1973-11-20 | Trw Inc | Packaged chemiluminescent material |
| US4942820A (en) * | 1988-11-14 | 1990-07-24 | Sawruk Stephen D | Fragmentation device |
| US4944521A (en) * | 1989-06-27 | 1990-07-31 | Greeno Donald R | War game marking grenade |
| WO1991001479A3 (en) * | 1989-07-19 | 1991-03-07 | Gustav Thorban | Dye-spray generator |
| US5069134A (en) * | 1990-06-08 | 1991-12-03 | Def-Tec Corporation | Flameless expulsion grenade |
| WO1998039064A1 (en) * | 1997-03-04 | 1998-09-11 | Nebel, Anita | Explosive fire extinguishing device |
| US6250226B1 (en) * | 1996-06-21 | 2001-06-26 | Etienne Lacroix Tous Artifices S.A. | Non-lethal ammunition with incapacitating effect |
| US20100199960A1 (en) * | 2007-09-18 | 2010-08-12 | Chong Carlton Le Loong | Reusable pellet shooting grenade |
| US20100224092A1 (en) * | 2009-03-09 | 2010-09-09 | Safariland, Llc | Fuze for Stun Grenade |
| US20160121148A1 (en) * | 2014-11-03 | 2016-05-05 | Abdulrahman A. Al-Hebshi | Fire Extinguishing System |
| US9488454B2 (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2016-11-08 | Csi-Penn Arms, Llc | Whistling spinning grenade |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE186520C (en) * | ||||
| US1435228A (en) * | 1914-12-21 | 1922-11-14 | Jr John Hays Hammond | Incendiary shell |
| US1471130A (en) * | 1921-12-15 | 1923-10-16 | Frank C Hughes | Apparatus for throwing liquids |
| US1895149A (en) * | 1932-03-30 | 1933-01-24 | Lester J Conkling | Fast burning type candle |
| US2084994A (en) * | 1934-12-24 | 1937-06-29 | Rosslyn C Allen | Hand grenade |
| US2564870A (en) * | 1947-04-02 | 1951-08-21 | Brev Aero Mecaniques S A Soc | Armor-piercing and incendiary shell |
| US2641292A (en) * | 1951-08-17 | 1953-06-09 | Michael J Quillinan | Container |
| US2959127A (en) * | 1956-02-16 | 1960-11-08 | Fed Lab Inc | Gas grenade |
-
1961
- 1961-01-18 US US83593A patent/US3117521A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE186520C (en) * | ||||
| US1435228A (en) * | 1914-12-21 | 1922-11-14 | Jr John Hays Hammond | Incendiary shell |
| US1471130A (en) * | 1921-12-15 | 1923-10-16 | Frank C Hughes | Apparatus for throwing liquids |
| US1895149A (en) * | 1932-03-30 | 1933-01-24 | Lester J Conkling | Fast burning type candle |
| US2084994A (en) * | 1934-12-24 | 1937-06-29 | Rosslyn C Allen | Hand grenade |
| US2564870A (en) * | 1947-04-02 | 1951-08-21 | Brev Aero Mecaniques S A Soc | Armor-piercing and incendiary shell |
| US2641292A (en) * | 1951-08-17 | 1953-06-09 | Michael J Quillinan | Container |
| US2959127A (en) * | 1956-02-16 | 1960-11-08 | Fed Lab Inc | Gas grenade |
Cited By (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3269313A (en) * | 1965-01-18 | 1966-08-30 | William G Willmann | Self-propelled sub-munition |
| US3636874A (en) * | 1965-03-31 | 1972-01-25 | Us Navy | Method and means for dispersing chemical agents |
| US3774022A (en) * | 1965-06-30 | 1973-11-20 | Trw Inc | Packaged chemiluminescent material |
| US3323958A (en) * | 1965-08-03 | 1967-06-06 | Penn Mitchell | Smoke grenade filling containing encapsulated oil and pyrotechnic materials |
| US3515070A (en) * | 1968-05-15 | 1970-06-02 | Us Army | Chemiluminescent peraminoethylene positioned within a brittle capsule |
| US3599571A (en) * | 1969-04-18 | 1971-08-17 | Brunswick Corp | Walking grenade |
| US4942820A (en) * | 1988-11-14 | 1990-07-24 | Sawruk Stephen D | Fragmentation device |
| US4944521A (en) * | 1989-06-27 | 1990-07-31 | Greeno Donald R | War game marking grenade |
| WO1991001479A3 (en) * | 1989-07-19 | 1991-03-07 | Gustav Thorban | Dye-spray generator |
| US5069134A (en) * | 1990-06-08 | 1991-12-03 | Def-Tec Corporation | Flameless expulsion grenade |
| US6250226B1 (en) * | 1996-06-21 | 2001-06-26 | Etienne Lacroix Tous Artifices S.A. | Non-lethal ammunition with incapacitating effect |
| WO1998039064A1 (en) * | 1997-03-04 | 1998-09-11 | Nebel, Anita | Explosive fire extinguishing device |
| US20100199960A1 (en) * | 2007-09-18 | 2010-08-12 | Chong Carlton Le Loong | Reusable pellet shooting grenade |
| US7784455B1 (en) | 2007-09-18 | 2010-08-31 | Chong Carlton Le Loong | Reusable pellet shooting grenade |
| US20100224092A1 (en) * | 2009-03-09 | 2010-09-09 | Safariland, Llc | Fuze for Stun Grenade |
| US20160121148A1 (en) * | 2014-11-03 | 2016-05-05 | Abdulrahman A. Al-Hebshi | Fire Extinguishing System |
| US9873007B2 (en) * | 2014-11-03 | 2018-01-23 | Abdulrahman A. Al-Hebshi | Fire extinguishing system |
| US9488454B2 (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2016-11-08 | Csi-Penn Arms, Llc | Whistling spinning grenade |
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