US3114712A - Lubricant composition and method of making the same - Google Patents
Lubricant composition and method of making the same Download PDFInfo
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- US3114712A US3114712A US851025A US85102559A US3114712A US 3114712 A US3114712 A US 3114712A US 851025 A US851025 A US 851025A US 85102559 A US85102559 A US 85102559A US 3114712 A US3114712 A US 3114712A
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- lubricant composition
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 17
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 title description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 239000003879 lubricant additive Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- RYYWUUFWQRZTIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(S)=O RYYWUUFWQRZTIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- -1 molybdenum disulfide Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 6
- VLAPMBHFAWRUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-L molybdic acid Chemical compound O[Mo](O)(=O)=O VLAPMBHFAWRUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=CC2=C1 SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical compound C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- MEFBJEMVZONFCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdate Chemical class [O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O MEFBJEMVZONFCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylamine Chemical compound CCCN WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000003580 thiophosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 4
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000005078 molybdenum compound Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002752 molybdenum compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- CYQAYERJWZKYML-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus pentasulfide Chemical compound S1P(S2)(=S)SP3(=S)SP1(=S)SP2(=S)S3 CYQAYERJWZKYML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- KDSNLYIMUZNERS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropanamine Chemical compound CC(C)CN KDSNLYIMUZNERS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylamine Chemical compound CCN QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole Natural products CC1=CC=CC2=C1C=CN2 PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N indolenine Natural products C1=CC=C2CC=NC2=C1 RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BMFVGAAISNGQNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopentylamine Chemical compound CC(C)CCN BMFVGAAISNGQNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010688 mineral lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IOQPZZOEVPZRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN IOQPZZOEVPZRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGTDLPBPQKAPMN-MDZDMXLPSA-N 2-[2-[(e)-heptadec-8-enyl]-4,5-dihydroimidazol-1-yl]ethanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C\CCCCCCCC1=NCCN1CCO WGTDLPBPQKAPMN-MDZDMXLPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MCSXGCZMEPXKIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxy-4-[(4-methyl-2-nitrophenyl)diazenyl]-N-(3-nitrophenyl)naphthalene-2-carboxamide Chemical compound Cc1ccc(N=Nc2c(O)c(cc3ccccc23)C(=O)Nc2cccc(c2)[N+]([O-])=O)c(c1)[N+]([O-])=O MCSXGCZMEPXKIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCN HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutylamine Chemical class CCCCNCCCC JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PQZTVWVYCLIIJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl(propyl)amine Chemical compound CCCN(CC)CC PQZTVWVYCLIIJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylamine Chemical compound CCNCC HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UAOMVDZJSHZZME-UHFFFAOYSA-N diisopropylamine Chemical compound CC(C)NC(C)C UAOMVDZJSHZZME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WEHWNAOGRSTTBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropylamine Chemical compound CCCNCCC WEHWNAOGRSTTBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JJWLVOIRVHMVIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopropylamine Chemical compound CC(C)N JJWLVOIRVHMVIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DAZXVJBJRMWXJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethylethylamine Chemical compound CCN(C)C DAZXVJBJRMWXJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GNVRJGIVDSQCOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethyl-n-methylethanamine Chemical compound CCN(C)CC GNVRJGIVDSQCOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001477 organic nitrogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003595 primary aliphatic amine group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- BHRZNVHARXXAHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N sec-butylamine Chemical compound CCC(C)N BHRZNVHARXXAHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000005619 secondary aliphatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000467 secondary amino group Chemical group [H]N([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000153 supplemental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010689 synthetic lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- YBRBMKDOPFTVDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butylamine Chemical compound CC(C)(C)N YBRBMKDOPFTVDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003510 tertiary aliphatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001302 tertiary amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- RKBCYCFRFCNLTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N triisopropylamine Chemical compound CC(C)N(C(C)C)C(C)C RKBCYCFRFCNLTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M137/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus
- C10M137/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus having no phosphorus-to-carbon bond
- C10M137/04—Phosphate esters
- C10M137/10—Thio derivatives
- C10M137/105—Thio derivatives not containing metal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/06—Phosphorus compounds without P—C bonds
- C07F9/16—Esters of thiophosphoric acids or thiophosphorous acids
- C07F9/165—Esters of thiophosphoric acids
- C07F9/17—Esters of thiophosphoric acids with hydroxyalkyl compounds without further substituents on alkyl
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
- C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
- C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
- C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
- C10M2215/221—Six-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
- C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
- C10M2215/223—Five-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
- C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
- C10M2215/223—Five-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
- C10M2215/224—Imidazoles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
- C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
- C10M2215/225—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds the rings containing both nitrogen and oxygen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
- C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
- C10M2215/225—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds the rings containing both nitrogen and oxygen
- C10M2215/226—Morpholines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
- C10M2215/24—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions having hydrocarbon substituents containing thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. nitrogen derivatives of substituted succinic acid
- C10M2215/26—Amines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
- C10M2215/24—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions having hydrocarbon substituents containing thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. nitrogen derivatives of substituted succinic acid
- C10M2215/30—Heterocyclic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
- C10M2223/047—Thioderivatives not containing metallic elements
Definitions
- This invention relates to lubricant additives, lubricants, and methods of making the same, and relates in particular to lubricant additives and lubricants containing compounds of molybdenum, and methods of making the same.
- the lubricating properties of both synthetic and mineral lubricants can be greatly improved by the addition thereto of novel organic molybdenum-containing substances which are thermally stable, fully oil soluble in all proportions without the use of solubilizing agents, are easily prepared, and do not contain corrosive contaminants.
- the new additives are solution of molybdates of organic nitrogen bases in mixtures of monothiophosphoric acid dialkyl esters and alkyldithiophosphoric acid dialkyl esters.
- the organic molybdate salts are conveniently prepared by reacting molybdic acid with a primary, secondary, or tertiary aliphatic amine or with a heterocyclic nitrogen base. The reaction is conveniently carried out simply by warming the molybdic acid with the base until solution occurs.
- Heterocyclic nitrogen bases include pyrrole, isopyrrole, pyridine, indole, and bases having aliphatic side chains, such as 1-hydroxyethyl-2- heptadecenyl glyoxalidine,
- heterocyclic nitrogen bases may also conveniently be used as solvents for molybdate salts of aliphatic amines 3,114,712 Patented Dec. 1 .7, 1963 when combining salts with the thiophosphoric acid esters described below.
- the thiophosphoric acid esters which are used to dissolve the organic molybdate salts are produced by reacting phosphorus pentasulfide and an alcohol according to:
- the reaction is accomplished by mixing the reactants and warming gently to promote solution of the pentasulfide and evolution of hydrogen sulfide.
- Aliphatic alcohols both saturated and unsaturated, and having a chain length of from 8 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 12-18 carbon atoms, are of particular usefulness in the reaction described above.
- the thiophosphoric acid esters produced as described are then mixed with the organic molybdate salts first discussed, and the mixtures are heated gently to bring about solution.
- the solutions which are at first deep red in color, change to green, and then to brown on heating.
- a molar excess of the esters is used.
- a molar ratio of esters to salts of at least two is preferably used, and the esters may predominate in as much as 6-fold ratio.
- the brown solution, or reaction product is then added to a lubricating oil in amounts between 6-12 percent by weight, preferably 1()12 percent by weight, of the mixture.
- the nature of the lubricating oil is not critical, and both synthetic and mineral lubricating oils can be improved by the present additives.
- Example 1 2.22 grams (0.01 mole) of finely pulverized P 8 were added to 6.5 gm. (0.05 mole) of octyl alcohol. H 5 was generated, and the reaction mixture was heated to complete the dissolving of the phosphorus pentasulfide.
- n-propylamine In another vessel, 5.9 gm. (0.1 mole) of n-propylamine were diluted with 20 ml. of water. 8.1 gm. (0.05 mole) of molybdic acid were added and the mixture warmed until the acid had gone into solution. After cooling, ethanol was added to the solution until n-propylammonium-dimolybdate started to precipitate. The solution was refrigerated overnight and then filtered. The solid was washed with acetone and air-dried.
- Lubricant Composition lfiur-Bali Load Capacity (kg) Almonacliine W1eland Tester Esso Necton 80 (no additive) 12 percent solution of additive of Example 1 in Esso Necton 80.
- A11 oil-soluble lubricant additive consisting essentially of an about equimolar mixture of a monothiophosphoric acid dialkyl ester of the formula and an alkyldithiophosphoric acid ester of the formula of molybdic acid and a primary-amino substituted aliphatic hydrocarbon having up to 18 carbon atoms.
- R is a mixture of unsaturated C C radicals derived from a corresponding mixture of unsaturated alcohols having an average molecular weight of about 240.
- a lubricating composition of high load capacity consisting essentially of a mineral lubricating oil and an oil soluble additive as defined in claim 1, said additive being present as about 6-12 percent by weight of the oil and additive combined.
- an oil-soluble lubricant additive which comprises dissolving phosphorus pentasulfide in an alcohol of the formula ROH, where R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from 8 to 18 carbon atoms, with evolution of hydrogen sulfide and formation of an about equimolar mixture of a monothiophosphoric acid dialkyl ester of the formula Ro OH and an alkyldithiophosphoric acid ester of the formula RO S where R has its earlier significance, and then dissolving in said mixture a salt of molybdic acid and a member of the group consisting of primary-, secondary-, and tertiaryamino substituted aliphatic hydrocarbons having up to 18 carbon atoms, pyrrole, isopyrrole, pyridine, indole, and lhydroxyethyl-Z-heptadecenyl glyoxalidine, the molar ratio of said phosphoric acid esters to said molybdic acid salt being at
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Description
United States Patent ice 3,114,712 LUBRICANT COMPOSITION AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME Giinter Spengler, Munich, Germany, and Josef Giinsheimer, Greenwich, Conn, assignors to Alpha-Molykote Corporation, Stamford, Conn.
No Drawing. Filed Nov. 5, 1959, Ser.No. 851,025 Claims priority, application Germany Nov. 8, 1958 7 Claims. (Cl. 252--46.4)
This invention relates to lubricant additives, lubricants, and methods of making the same, and relates in particular to lubricant additives and lubricants containing compounds of molybdenum, and methods of making the same.
The good lubricant properties of some inorganic molybdenum compounds, such as molybdenum disulfide, are well known. However, the practical exploitation of these compounds as lubricant additives is hindered by their insolubility and the consequent necessity of using the compounds by suspending them, finely divided, in a lubricating oil. The subdivision of the compounds and their suspension is complicated by problems of oxidation and by the high density of the compounds.
Attempts have been made to produce oil soluble organic molybdenum compounds, preferably also containing sulfur in the molecule. These products usually have the drawback of being contaminated with corrosive agents (e.g. halogens or halides) used in their synthesis, or of being oil-insoluble Without the additional use of solubilizing agents, or of having such low thermal stability that supplemental oil-soluble thermal-stabilizing additives must be used with them. The synthesis of the organic molybdenum compounds is often complex.
According to the present invention, the lubricating properties of both synthetic and mineral lubricants, particularly the load capacities of the lubricants, can be greatly improved by the addition thereto of novel organic molybdenum-containing substances which are thermally stable, fully oil soluble in all proportions without the use of solubilizing agents, are easily prepared, and do not contain corrosive contaminants.
The new additives are solution of molybdates of organic nitrogen bases in mixtures of monothiophosphoric acid dialkyl esters and alkyldithiophosphoric acid dialkyl esters.
The organic molybdate salts are conveniently prepared by reacting molybdic acid with a primary, secondary, or tertiary aliphatic amine or with a heterocyclic nitrogen base. The reaction is conveniently carried out simply by warming the molybdic acid with the base until solution occurs. As aliphatic amines, methyl amine, ethyl amine, n-propylamine, isopropylamine, n-butylamine, isobutylamine, sec-butylamine, tert.-butyl amine, namylamine, isoamylamine, Z-aminopentane, octylamine, etc., dimethylamine, diethylamine, di-n-propylamine, di-isopropylamine, the di-butylamines, trimethylamine, methyldiethylamine, triethylamine, dimethylethylamine, diethyl-n-propylamine, and tri-isopropylamine, etc., can be given in an exemplary, but not exclusive, listing. Aliphatic amines with as many as 18 carbon atoms in the nitrogen-attached carbon chains can be used. Heterocyclic nitrogen bases include pyrrole, isopyrrole, pyridine, indole, and bases having aliphatic side chains, such as 1-hydroxyethyl-2- heptadecenyl glyoxalidine,
The heterocyclic nitrogen bases may also conveniently be used as solvents for molybdate salts of aliphatic amines 3,114,712 Patented Dec. 1 .7, 1963 when combining salts with the thiophosphoric acid esters described below.
The thiophosphoric acid esters which are used to dissolve the organic molybdate salts are produced by reacting phosphorus pentasulfide and an alcohol according to:
The reaction is accomplished by mixing the reactants and warming gently to promote solution of the pentasulfide and evolution of hydrogen sulfide.
Aliphatic alcohols, both saturated and unsaturated, and having a chain length of from 8 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 12-18 carbon atoms, are of particular usefulness in the reaction described above.
The thiophosphoric acid esters produced as described are then mixed with the organic molybdate salts first discussed, and the mixtures are heated gently to bring about solution. The solutions, which are at first deep red in color, change to green, and then to brown on heating. In preparing the solution, a molar excess of the esters is used. A molar ratio of esters to salts of at least two is preferably used, and the esters may predominate in as much as 6-fold ratio. The brown solution, or reaction product, is then added to a lubricating oil in amounts between 6-12 percent by weight, preferably 1()12 percent by weight, of the mixture. The nature of the lubricating oil is not critical, and both synthetic and mineral lubricating oils can be improved by the present additives.
The following specific examples are representative of the preparation of the lubricant additives of the invention.
Example 1 2.22 grams (0.01 mole) of finely pulverized P 8 were added to 6.5 gm. (0.05 mole) of octyl alcohol. H 5 was generated, and the reaction mixture was heated to complete the dissolving of the phosphorus pentasulfide.
In another vessel, 5.9 gm. (0.1 mole) of n-propylamine were diluted with 20 ml. of water. 8.1 gm. (0.05 mole) of molybdic acid were added and the mixture warmed until the acid had gone into solution. After cooling, ethanol was added to the solution until n-propylammonium-dimolybdate started to precipitate. The solution was refrigerated overnight and then filtered. The solid was washed with acetone and air-dried.
1.0 gm. of the n-propylammonium-dimolybdate was then dissolved in 3.0 gm. of 1-hydroxyethyl-2-heptadecenylglyoxalidin, with gentle heating until a clear solution was obtained. This solution was then mixed with the thiophosphoric acid esters first prepared and warmed until a brown solution resulted. Any traces of solids were then removed by filtering.
12 gm. of this mixture were dissolved in 88 gm. of mineral oil (Esso Necton and tested on a four-ball machine and an Almen-Wieland tester. The influence on the load capacity of the oil can be seen in the following table.
Lubricant Composition lfiur-Bali Load Capacity (kg) Almonacliine W1eland Tester Esso Necton 80 (no additive) 12 percent solution of additive of Example 1 in Esso Necton 80.
200 shaft breakage. 240/260 1,500 continuous operation passed. Final temperature C. Total Abrasion: 0.0223 g. Friction force at 1,500 kg. Load: 210 kg. at the end of continuous operation: 235 kg.
9 t gm. (0.05 mole) of a mixture of unsaturated alcohols having C C chains and an average molecular weight of 240. The P 3 was completely dissolved by warming. This solution was then mixed with a solution of 0.0025 mole of n-propylamoniumdimolybdate (prepared as in Example 1) dissolved, with warming, in 3.0 gm. of octyl amine. The mixed solutions were warmed until a brown solution was produced. Any undissolved solids were then filtered out through a frit.
12 gm. of this product were dissolved in 88 gm. of mineral oil (Esso Necton 80) and tested as before.
Four-Ball Load Capacity (kg.) Almen- Lubricant Composition Machine Wieland Tester Esso Necton 80 (no additive) 120/130 200 hsaft breakage. 12 percent solution of additive 240/260 1,500 continuous operation passed. Final temperature: 145 C. Total Abrasi0n:0.0148fg. Friction force at 1,500 kg. Load: 218 kg. at the end of continuous operation: 246 kg.
gt Example 1 in Esso Necton Although specific embodiments have been shown and described, it is to be understood that they are illustrative, and are not to be construed as limiting the scope and spirit of the invention.
What is claimed is:
1. A11 oil-soluble lubricant additive consisting essentially of an about equimolar mixture of a monothiophosphoric acid dialkyl ester of the formula and an alkyldithiophosphoric acid ester of the formula of molybdic acid and a primary-amino substituted aliphatic hydrocarbon having up to 18 carbon atoms.
3. An additive as in claim 1 where R is octyl.
4. A11 additive as in claim 1 wherein R is a mixture of unsaturated C C radicals derived from a corresponding mixture of unsaturated alcohols having an average molecular weight of about 240.
5. A lubricating composition of high load capacity consisting essentially of a mineral lubricating oil and an oil soluble additive as defined in claim 1, said additive being present as about 6-12 percent by weight of the oil and additive combined.
6. The method of making an oil-soluble lubricant additive which comprises dissolving phosphorus pentasulfide in an alcohol of the formula ROH, where R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from 8 to 18 carbon atoms, with evolution of hydrogen sulfide and formation of an about equimolar mixture of a monothiophosphoric acid dialkyl ester of the formula Ro OH and an alkyldithiophosphoric acid ester of the formula RO S where R has its earlier significance, and then dissolving in said mixture a salt of molybdic acid and a member of the group consisting of primary-, secondary-, and tertiaryamino substituted aliphatic hydrocarbons having up to 18 carbon atoms, pyrrole, isopyrrole, pyridine, indole, and lhydroxyethyl-Z-heptadecenyl glyoxalidine, the molar ratio of said phosphoric acid esters to said molybdic acid salt being at least two.
7. The method as in claim 6 wherein said salt is dissolved with gentle heating.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,157,452 Humphreys May 9, 1939 2,167,867 Benning Aug. 1, 1939 2,753,306 Fields July 3, 1956 2,852,469 Hugel Sept. 16, 1958 2,866,732 Hofi et a1. Dec. 30, 1958 2,938,869 Hugel May 31, 1960 3,050,538 Hugel et al Aug. 21, 1962
Claims (1)
1. AN OIL-SOLUBLE LUBRICANT ADDITIVE CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF AN ABOUT EQUIMOLAR MIXTURE OF A MONOTHIOPHOSPHORIC ACID DIALKY ESTER OF THE FORMULA
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3114712X | 1958-11-08 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| US3114712A true US3114712A (en) | 1963-12-17 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US851025A Expired - Lifetime US3114712A (en) | 1958-11-08 | 1959-11-05 | Lubricant composition and method of making the same |
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| Country | Link |
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| US (1) | US3114712A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2221646A1 (en) * | 1971-05-05 | 1972-11-09 | Esso Res And Engineering Co | Lubricating oil preparations |
| DE3223794A1 (en) * | 1981-06-26 | 1983-01-13 | Agip Petroli S.P.A., Roma | LUBRICANT ADDITIVES |
| US20040214731A1 (en) * | 2003-04-22 | 2004-10-28 | R.T. Vanderbilt Company, Inc. | Organoammonium tungstate and molybate compounds, and process for preparing such compounds |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2157452A (en) * | 1934-03-31 | 1939-05-09 | Standard Oil Co California | Extreme pressure lubricating compositions |
| US2167867A (en) * | 1936-05-07 | 1939-08-01 | Du Pont | Lubricant |
| US2753306A (en) * | 1952-12-30 | 1956-07-03 | Standard Oil Co | Organo-metallic derivatives of phosphorus sulfide-hydrocarbon reaction products and lubricants containing same |
| US2852469A (en) * | 1955-01-07 | 1958-09-16 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Hydrocarbon-soluble molybdenum blues |
| US2866732A (en) * | 1954-07-19 | 1958-12-30 | Standard Oil Co | Metal derivatives of organic phosphates and phosphites |
| US2938869A (en) * | 1956-05-07 | 1960-05-31 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Lubricants containing nitrogenous thiomolybdates |
| US3050538A (en) * | 1957-04-19 | 1962-08-21 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Molybdenum blue complexes |
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Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2157452A (en) * | 1934-03-31 | 1939-05-09 | Standard Oil Co California | Extreme pressure lubricating compositions |
| US2167867A (en) * | 1936-05-07 | 1939-08-01 | Du Pont | Lubricant |
| US2753306A (en) * | 1952-12-30 | 1956-07-03 | Standard Oil Co | Organo-metallic derivatives of phosphorus sulfide-hydrocarbon reaction products and lubricants containing same |
| US2866732A (en) * | 1954-07-19 | 1958-12-30 | Standard Oil Co | Metal derivatives of organic phosphates and phosphites |
| US2852469A (en) * | 1955-01-07 | 1958-09-16 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Hydrocarbon-soluble molybdenum blues |
| US2938869A (en) * | 1956-05-07 | 1960-05-31 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Lubricants containing nitrogenous thiomolybdates |
| US3050538A (en) * | 1957-04-19 | 1962-08-21 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Molybdenum blue complexes |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2221646A1 (en) * | 1971-05-05 | 1972-11-09 | Esso Res And Engineering Co | Lubricating oil preparations |
| DE3223794A1 (en) * | 1981-06-26 | 1983-01-13 | Agip Petroli S.P.A., Roma | LUBRICANT ADDITIVES |
| US20040214731A1 (en) * | 2003-04-22 | 2004-10-28 | R.T. Vanderbilt Company, Inc. | Organoammonium tungstate and molybate compounds, and process for preparing such compounds |
| US7335625B2 (en) * | 2003-04-22 | 2008-02-26 | R.T. Vanderbilt Company, Inc. | Organoammonium tungstate and molybate compounds, and process for preparing such compounds |
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