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US3035562A - Fuel injection devices - Google Patents

Fuel injection devices Download PDF

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Publication number
US3035562A
US3035562A US45157A US4515760A US3035562A US 3035562 A US3035562 A US 3035562A US 45157 A US45157 A US 45157A US 4515760 A US4515760 A US 4515760A US 3035562 A US3035562 A US 3035562A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
conduit
individual conduits
conduits
individual
discharge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US45157A
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English (en)
Inventor
Bessiere Pierre Etienne
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Publication of US3035562A publication Critical patent/US3035562A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M41/00—Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor
    • F02M41/02—Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor the distributor being spaced from pumping elements
    • F02M41/06—Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor the distributor being spaced from pumping elements the distributor rotating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/85978—With pump
    • Y10T137/86115—Downstream cyclic distributor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/86493—Multi-way valve unit
    • Y10T137/86501—Sequential distributor or collector type

Definitions

  • This invention relates to fuel injection devices, in which the same piston-cylinder assembly of a reciprocating pump feeds a plurality of injectors through the medium of a distributor; and it relates more especially, but not exclusively, to devices of this kind serving for the supply of fuel to a plurality of cylinders of an internal combustion engine (an explosion engine, a progressive combustion engine, such as a diesel engine, and so on).
  • an internal combustion engine an explosion engine, a progressive combustion engine, such as a diesel engine, and so on.
  • the object of the invention is to make these devices such that they satisfy in a more satisfactory manner than hitherto the various requirements occurring in practice and that, in particular, the pressures prevailing in the conduits connecting, on the one hand, the aforesaid piston-cylinder assembly to the distributor and, on the other hand, the latter to the various injectors, should have the desired values.
  • the invention consists principally in providing separate discharge means, on the one hand, for the common conduit connecting the piston-cylinder assembly to the distributor and, on the other hand, for the individual conduits which connect the distributor to the various injectors, and in controlling said discharge means, preferably by the distributor, in such manner that those serving to discharge the common conduit are brought into communication with the latter after each injection by one of the injectors and before the beginning of the next injection by another injector and those serving to discharge the individual conduits are brought into communication with each of the latter at least once between two consecutive injections by said individual conduit.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view of the essential elements of a fuel injection device in a multi-cylinder engine, this device being constructed according to a first embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a modification of the device shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 shows still another modification.
  • FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the distributor forming part of the injection device illustrated in any of the preceding figures.
  • the device which will now be described is for the in jection of fuel in the four cylinders of an internal combustion engine from a single pump piston-cylinder assembly.
  • the reciprocating injection pump containing the said piston-cylinder assembly is made for instance as illustrated in FIGURE 1, according to which the piston 1 of the pump performing outgoing and return movement in its cylinder 2 effects the beginning of the delivery of the pump by the closure of the feed conduit 3 of the latter, while it produces the end of the injection period by the re-opening of said feed conduit by means of a control surface 4 forming an incline and bounding a groove 5 formed in the side wall of the piston 1 and connected by a conduit 6 to the interior of the cylinder 2.
  • means (not shown) are provided, which enable the piston 1 to be turned about its axis independently to its outgoing and return movements which are communicated to it, for example, by a cam or any other appropriate kinematic device, which is driven by the motor on which the injection installation in question is mounted, so that the number of outgoing and return movements of the piston 1 is always proportional to the number of revolutions of the engine.
  • the cylinder 2 also contains a delivery valve 7 (arranged for example in the form of a re-suction valve, but it may also be simply a ball valve) and a delivery conduit 8.
  • a delivery valve 7 arranged for example in the form of a re-suction valve, but it may also be simply a ball valve
  • the reciprocating pump may naturally be arranged in various other ways.
  • the reciprocating pump its delivery conduit 8, hereinafter referred to as the common delivery conduit, is connected to a distributor 9, in the bore 9a of which an element 10 rotates,
  • the rotary element 10 connects the common delivery conduit 3 successively to a plurality of injectors (not shown) through individual feed conduits 11 11 etc., which are connected with the bore 9a of the distributor 9.
  • the side surface of the rotary element 10 of the distributor is provided with a longitudinal groove 12 in communication with an annular groove 13 formed in the said element 19 opposite the point where the delivery conduit 8 opens into the bore 9a and this longitudinal groove 12 connects annular groove 13 successively with the respective feed conduits 11 11 etc.
  • discharge means are provided, on the one hand, for the common conduit 8 and, on the other hand, for the individual conduits 11 11 and so on, and these discharge means are preferably controlled by the distributor itself in such manner that after each period during which injection takes place through one of the injectors, on the one hand, the conduit 8 and, on the other hand, at least that one of the individual conduits 1.1 11 etc., through which the previous injection took place are brought into communication by different paths with discharge spaces.
  • the surface of the rotary element 19 of the distributor situated on the left of the groove 13 is formed with as many grooves 14 as there are injection periods during a complete rotation of the said element 10,
  • a discharge conduit 15 starts from the zone of the bore 9a which is swept by these grooves 14.
  • the angular distribution of the grooves 14 in the surface of the element 10 and the position of the opening of the conduit 15 in the wall of the bore 9a are so chosen in relation to the angular arrangement of the grooves 12 and of the openings of the individual conduits 11 11 etc. in the wall of the bore 9a, that the groove 13 and with it the delivery conduit 8 are brought into communication with the discharge conduit 15 between two consecutive injection periods.
  • the said conduit In order to maintain in the conduit 8 a pressure greater than that prevailing in the space to which the conduit 15 leads, the said conduit is provided either with a throttle 16 or with a counter-pressure valve 17 (see FIGURE 2), the calibration of which determines the residual pressure in the conduit 8.
  • the rotary element 19 of the distributor is advantageously formed with a second groove 18 and the surface of this element situated between the two grooves 13 and 18 is advantageously formed with another longitudinal groove 19 which leads into the groove 18 and which extends as far as the transverse Zone in which the openings of the individual conduits 11 11 etc. are situated.
  • the groove 19 is disposed in a radial plane which in relation to the direction of rotation of the rotary element 10 is situated behind the radial plane in which the groove 12 is formed.
  • the ofisetting between these two grooves is so selected that after the end of the injection period through a determined injector and before the beginning of the next injection period through the same injector the corresponding individual conduit is brought into communication by the groove 19 and the groove 18 with a discharge conduit 20 separate from the discharge conduit 15.
  • this conduit .20 either a throttle 21 or a counter-pressure valve 22, in order to maintain in each of the individual conduits 11 11 etc., between two injections taking place through the same conduit, a residual pressure which will thusbe the same for all these individual conduits but which will advantageously be different from the residual pressure in the conduit 8.
  • the maintenance of a lower pressure in the individual conduits has the advantage of preveting parasitic injections as might be caused by the accidental opening of an injector as a consequence of a shock (such an opening being possible if the pressure is too high in the individual conduits).
  • a high residual pressure in the conduit 8 gives rise to an automatic variation of the lead in the right direction because then the lead is all the more reduced the lower the speed of drive of the pump.
  • the distributor illustrated in FIGURE 4 differs from that shown in FIGURE 1 in that it contains as many grooves 19a as there are individual conduits 11 11 etc.
  • the distribution of these grooves 19a over the rotary element 10 is such that after each injection period through one of the individual conduits all these conduits are brought into communication simultaneously with the discharge conduit 2t) and with one another.
  • the angular offsetting of the grooves 19a on the element 10 must be chosen in such manner that this communication between the individual conduits and the discharge conduit takes place between two consecutive injection periods.
  • the purpose of this arrangement is to make sure that, even if the engine fed by the pump is running at very high speed (Le. if distributor 910 is rotating at very high speed) each of the individual feed conduits 11 11 etc. is placed in communication, between two injections therethrough with discharge conduit 20 for a total time sufiicient to ensure the return of the pressure in said individual conduit to the desired value.
  • a fuel injection device including a plurality of individual conduits leading to said injectors respectively, a reciprocating pump, a common delivery conduit leading out from said pump, whereby a flow of fuel is fed through said conduit only during every delivery stroke of said pump, a distributor having an inlet in communication with said common conduit and a plurality of outlets in communication with said individual conduits respectively, said distributor being capable of connecting said inlet with each of said outlets successively during the delivery strokes of said pump, a first discharge conduit, means for placing said first discharge conduit in communication with said common delivery conduit once during every time interval between two consecutive injector operations, at least one other discharge conduit and means for placing said last mentioned discharge conduit in com.- munication with each of said individualconduits at least once during every time interval between two consecutive operations of the injector connected with said last mentioned individual conduit.
  • a device further including means mounted in said first discharge conduit for maintaining a given residual pressure in said common conduit.
  • a device according to claim 1 further including means mounted in said discharge conduits for maintaining given residual pressure in said common conduit and said individual conduits.
  • a device further including means mounted in said discharge conduits for maintaining given residual pressures in said common conduit and said individual conduits, said last mentioned means being adapted to maintain a higher residual pressure in said common conduit than in said individual conduits.
  • a fuel injection device including a plurality of individual conduits leading to said injectors respectively,
  • a reciprocating pump a common delivery conduit leading out from said pump, whereby a flow of fuel is fed through said conduit only during every delivery stroke of said pump, a distributing valve including a cylindrical casing and a rotating cylindrical body therein, said casing being provided with a port through which said common conduit opens thereinto, said cylindrical body being provided with an annular groove opposite said first mentioned port, said casing being provided with a plurality of ports through which said individual conduits open into said casing, said plurality of ports being disposed all on one side of said annular groove, said cylindrical body being provided with a passage connecting said groove with each of the ports of said plurality of ports, successively, as said body is rotating, during the delivery strokes of said pump, a first discharge conduit opening into said casing at a point thereof located on the other side of said annular groove, said cylindrical body being provided with a plurality of passages connecting said annular groove with said last mentioned point of the periphery of said body once during every time interval between two consecutive communications established by said first mentioned passage between said groove and said
  • a device in which said cylindrical body is provided with a plurality of passages distributed angularly therein in the same manner as the ports of said individual conduits, the number of said last mentioned passages being equal to the number of individual conduits so as to connect said second groove with all of said individual conduits once during every time interval between the communications of said first mentioned groove with two consecutive individual conduits.
  • a fuel injection device which comprises a plurality of individual conduits leading to said injectors respectively, a distributor having a fixed part from which said individual conduits start and a movable part, said movable part being provided with a fuel delivery recess adapted to communicate with each of said individual conduits respectively, reciprocating means for supplying a liquid pressure in said delivery recess during every time period for which it is in communication with one of said individual conduits, a first discharge conduit, means for placing said delivery recess in communication with said discharge conduit once during every interval between two successive such time periods, at least one other discharge conduit and means for placing said last mentioned discharge conduit in communication with each of said individual conduits at least once during every time interval between two consecutive operations of the injector connected with said last mentioned individual conduit.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
US45157A 1959-08-31 1960-07-25 Fuel injection devices Expired - Lifetime US3035562A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR803955A FR1243833A (fr) 1959-08-31 1959-08-31 Perfectionnements apportés à des dispositifs d'injection de combustible dans lesquels le même ensemble <<piston-cylindre>> d'une pompe alternative alimente successivement plusieurs injecteurs

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3035562A true US3035562A (en) 1962-05-22

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ID=8718718

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US45157A Expired - Lifetime US3035562A (en) 1959-08-31 1960-07-25 Fuel injection devices

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US (1) US3035562A (de)
DE (1) DE1178251B (de)
ES (1) ES260337A1 (de)
FR (1) FR1243833A (de)
GB (1) GB948625A (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3373848A (en) * 1966-02-24 1968-03-19 United Aircraft Corp Viscosity independent hydraulic flow regulator

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3438965A1 (de) * 1983-10-26 1985-05-09 Kabushiki Kaisha Komatsu Seisakusho, Tokio/Tokyo Brennstoff-einspritzanlage fuer eine brennkraftmaschine

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1236045A (en) * 1917-03-07 1917-08-07 George Carl Boller Tool for side-grafting trees and shrubbery.
DE596690C (de) * 1930-08-28 1934-05-09 Otto Nuebling Einspritzvorrichtung fuer Brennkraftmaschinen
DE666491C (de) * 1935-12-29 1938-10-21 Otto Nuebling Einspritzvorrichtung fuer Brennkraftmaschinen

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2372559A (en) * 1940-11-04 1945-03-27 Timken Roller Bearing Co Fuel injection pump
US2385089A (en) * 1943-05-20 1945-09-18 Lerner Sanley Rotary metering valve for diesel engines

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1236045A (en) * 1917-03-07 1917-08-07 George Carl Boller Tool for side-grafting trees and shrubbery.
DE596690C (de) * 1930-08-28 1934-05-09 Otto Nuebling Einspritzvorrichtung fuer Brennkraftmaschinen
DE666491C (de) * 1935-12-29 1938-10-21 Otto Nuebling Einspritzvorrichtung fuer Brennkraftmaschinen

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3373848A (en) * 1966-02-24 1968-03-19 United Aircraft Corp Viscosity independent hydraulic flow regulator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1178251B (de) 1964-09-17
FR1243833A (fr) 1960-10-21
ES260337A1 (es) 1961-02-01
GB948625A (en) 1964-02-05

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