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US3033000A - Cellulose xanthate - Google Patents

Cellulose xanthate Download PDF

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Publication number
US3033000A
US3033000A US49794A US4979460A US3033000A US 3033000 A US3033000 A US 3033000A US 49794 A US49794 A US 49794A US 4979460 A US4979460 A US 4979460A US 3033000 A US3033000 A US 3033000A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
stud
valve
brush
cam
rotary member
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US49794A
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English (en)
Inventor
Hibbert William
Bunting James William
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Akzo Nobel UK PLC
Original Assignee
Courtaulds PLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Courtaulds PLC filed Critical Courtaulds PLC
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3033000A publication Critical patent/US3033000A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
    • G05B19/06—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using cams, discs, rods, drums or the like
    • G05B19/063—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using cams, discs, rods, drums or the like for sequential programme-control without delivering a reference value
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D1/00—Treatment of filament-forming or like material
    • D01D1/06—Feeding liquid to the spinning head
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/86389—Programmer or timer
    • Y10T137/86405—Repeating cycle
    • Y10T137/86413—Self-cycling

Definitions

  • This invention relates to apparatus for the manufacture of cellulose xanthate.
  • particles of alkali cellulose are charged into a churn fitted with paddles, the churn is sealed and evacuated, and a measured quantity of carbon disulphide is introduced.
  • the paddles are rotated while the carbon disulphide reacts with the alkali cellulose to form cellulose xanthate.
  • the churn is then vented, a measured quantity of aqueous sodium hydroxide solution is added and the cellulose xanthate is dispersed in the solution with agitation to form a slurry. Finally, the slurry is discharged from the churn and agitated to form viscose.
  • the churn is rinsed with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution prior to receiving a fresh charge of alkali cellulose.
  • the freshly prepared solid cellulose xanthate is discharged from the churn and mixed with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution in a separate vessel.
  • the object of the present invention is to reduce the time lost in the automatic operation of a churn.
  • the start of each step is initiated by a signal indicating the completion of the previous step.
  • the cellulose xanthate When the process is carried out in a wet churn, the cellulose xanthate is discharged as a slurry in aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. In the dry churn process, the cellulose xanthate is discharged as a solid.
  • the invention includes a controller for automatically controlling the manufacture of cellulose xanthate from alkali cellulose in a series of steps comprising a movable member for actuating pneumatic means for performing operations in each step, -a driving mechanism for advancing the member a step at a time and a switching mechanism for actuating the driving mechanism on receipt of a signal indicating the completion of a step.
  • the completion .of steps requiring physical movements are detected by pneumatic limit switches which operate electric switches in an electric circuit of the switching mechanism.
  • Timing mechanism may be provided for timing other operations, such as xanthation of the alkali cellulose, when other means for detecting completion of the operation are not available. Electric switches in the switching mechanism are operated by the timing mechanisms.
  • Check timing units may be provided for each step to ensure that the time taken to perform the step does not exceed a predetermined period. Should the period be exceeded, then an alarm is sounded to warn the operator that the apparatus is not functioning properly.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic elevation partly in section of a wet churn showing associated pneumatic control mechanisms
  • FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic plan vieW, partly in section, of a controller
  • FIG. 3 is a front elevation of part of FIG. 2,
  • FIG. 4 is a front elevation of a further part of FIG. 2,
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram of the electrical layout of FIG. 2, and
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the relative movement of parts shown in FIG. 2 during a churning cycle.
  • a pneumatically operated wet-churn 30 comprises a fixed container 31 having an inlet 32 for charging the container 31 with alkali cellulose particles, a vacuum pipe 33, a carbon disulphide inlet pipe 34, a vent pipe 35, a sodium hydroxide solution inlet pipe 36, an outlet 37, and stirring paddles 38.
  • the churn 30 is designed to effect the operation of forming cellulose xanthate from alkali cellulose in fourteen steps which will be described in detail below.
  • the apparatus as shown in FIG. 1 is at the beginning of the cycle of operation.
  • the inlet 32 at the beginning of the cycle is sealed with a sliding door 39 attached by a rod 40 to a double-acting piston 41 connected by pipes 42, 43 to a five-way changeover valve 44.
  • a piston rod 45 of the valve 44 is urged by a spring 46 against the periphery of a cam 16 mounted on a rotatable shaft 47'.
  • the position of the door 39 is detected by two threeway pneumatic valves 52, 53 which are operated by a projection 54 on the rod 40.
  • the projection 54 pushes against a rod 55 of the valve 52 and compressed air passes from a supply pipe 56 through a connecting pipe 57 to a pressure operated electric switch 58 causing the latter to close an electric circuit.
  • the projection 54 releases the rod 55, the connecting pipe 57 is vented through a vent pipe 59 and the switch 58 opens.
  • FIG. 2 shows the apparatus used to effect the subsequent steps.
  • the cam 16 is mounted on the shaft 47 in a bank with seven further cams 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22 and 23, each of which operates in the same way as cam 16 one of seven five-way changeover valves 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66 and 67, each of which is similar to valve 44.
  • Valve 61 operates a double acting piston (not shown) for opening and closing a hopper flap 68 on an alkali cellulose hopper 69 placed above the churn inlet 32 (FIG. 1).
  • Valves 62, 63, 65, 66 each operate double acting pistons 70 (one only of which is shown in FIG. 1) for opening and closing valves 71, 72, 73, 74 provided, respectively, in the pipes 33, 34, 35, 36.
  • Valve 64 operates a double acting piston 75 for opening and closing a switch (not shown) in a driving mechanism 76 for the paddles 38.
  • Valves 67 operate a double acting piston 77 for opening and closing a dump valve 78 (FIG. 1) in the outlet 37.
  • valves 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66 and 67 are similar to that described in respect of valve 44 for opening and closing the door 39.
  • the shaft 47 (FIGS. 2 and 3) is rotated stepwise by a ratchet wheel 79 and a pawl 80, the latter being mounted on a rod 81 operated by a pneumatic piston 82 having a valve 83 actuated by a solenoid 92.
  • the ratchet wheel 79 has fifteen steps and the shaft 47 is rotated by one step for each thrust of the rod 81 from right to left.
  • the studs 1 to 15 are each capable of being connected to the positive line of a pair of bus bars 90 carrying a direct current of 180 volts.
  • stud 1 is energized when a start button 91 is pressed. If the brush 87 is in contact with an energized stud, then a circuit is completed through the solenoid 92 of the valve 83, an isolating switch 93 and the negative line of the bus bars 90.
  • the valve 83 opens, compressed air moves the rod 81 to the left against the action of a spring 94 and the pawl 80' engages the ratchet wheel 79 to turn the shaft 47 through one step.
  • the brushes 87, 88 and 89 are then brought into contact with the next studs on the switches 84, 85 and 86.
  • the isolating switch 93 isolates the solenoid 92 when the rod 81 has almost completed its movement to the left and reconnects the solenoid 92 to the circuit when the rod 81 has almost returned to its right hand position under the action of the spring 94.
  • the studs 1 to 15' are connected to the negative line of the bus bars 90 through annunciator lights 95, while the brush 88 is connected to the positive line. As the brush 88 wipes the studs '1 to 15 the corresponding light 95 is illuminated indicating to the operator the step reached by the apparatus,
  • the studs 2" to 15" are connected to the negative line of the bus bars 91 ⁇ through check timing units 96.
  • the stud 1" is isolated.
  • the brush 89 makes contact with any one of the studs 2" to 15" the corresponding unit 96 is brought into action.
  • Each unit 96 is set for a time a little in excess of that required for the particular processing operation to be completed during that step. Should the operation not be completed in that time, then the unit 96 closes a switch 97 (FIG. 5) which connects an alarm 98 across the bus bars 90 and so draws attention to the fault.
  • Each cam 16 to 23 has one or more salient portions 50 for operating the valves 44 and 61 to 67 so that each processing operation is carried out in its appointed order during the cycle.
  • FIG. 6 there are shown eight vertical columns, one for each of the cams 16 to 23, and fifteen vertical steps corresponding to the studs 1 to 15. The vertical lines in the columns indicated when the cams 16 to 23 are actuating their respective valves 44, 61 to 67 with reference to the position of the brush 87 on the studs 1 to 15.
  • the start button 91 is pressed.
  • the shaft 47 is turned through one step by the pawl engaging the ratchet wheel 79.
  • the cam 16 causes the door 39 to open as described above and the closing of switch 60, indicating that the door 39 is fully open, energizes stud 2. If the door 39 does not open within the period set on the check timing unit 96 associated with stud 2", then the alarm 98 warns the operator.
  • the shaft 47 turns until the brush 87 is in contact with stud 7, when cam 19 causes the closure of valve 72 and xanthation commences.
  • the period of xanthation is timed by a timing mechanism T arranged in parallel with the light associated with stud 7. It commences its timing operation when the brush 88 makes contact with stud 7 and at the end of the predetermined period it closes a switch t energizing stud 7.
  • cam 23 Upon the turning of shaft 47 to bring the brush 87 on to stud 11, cam 23 initiates the opening of the dump valve 78 allowing the slurry of cellulose xanthate in the container 31 to pass out through the outlet 37.
  • a timing mechanism T set for the known dumping period closes a switch A; at the end of that period, so energizing stud 11.
  • the brush 87 is brought on to stud 13 by turning of the shaft 47 and cam 22 initiates the closure of valve 7-4 while cam 20 again causes the paddles 38 to rotate. After a timed period measured by a timing mechanism T a switch t closes energizing stud 13.
  • cam 23 causes the dump valve 78 to be closed and the paddles 38 are brought to rest through the action of the cam 20.
  • a switch 105 operated pneumatically by the closure of the dump valve 78 is closed, so energizing stud 15.
  • the churn 30 is now ready to start a further cycle and the shaft 47 is turned a final step to bring the brush 87 back on to stud 1.
  • Apparatus for initiating in sequence a plurality of operations which characterize the functions of a viscose churn comprising a combination of a rotary member, a driving mechanism for rotating the rotary member step-wise, cams fixed to the rotary member for actuating mechanisms performing said mentioned operations, a contact brush attached to the rotary member, a plurality of stationary contacts each corresponding to a stationary position of the contact brush between the step-wise movements of said brush, a signalling mechanism adapted to send an electrical signal to a contact on the completion of an operation, and means in electrical communication with said contact brush to receive said electrical signal and rotate the rotary member via the driving mechanism.
  • a controller as claimed in claim 2 having check timing units, a second contact brush attached to the rotary member for energizing said check timing units successively at the completion of each movement of the rotary member, and a warning indicator operated by a check timing unit should a predetermined period elapse before the rotary member advances.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Basic Packing Technique (AREA)
  • Pens And Brushes (AREA)
US49794A 1954-09-20 1960-08-15 Cellulose xanthate Expired - Lifetime US3033000A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB27126/54A GB775893A (en) 1954-09-20 1954-09-20 Improvements in and relating to the manufacture of cellulose xanthate

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3033000A true US3033000A (en) 1962-05-08

Family

ID=10254648

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US49794A Expired - Lifetime US3033000A (en) 1954-09-20 1960-08-15 Cellulose xanthate

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3033000A (xx)
BE (1) BE541460A (xx)
FR (1) FR1141451A (xx)
GB (1) GB775893A (xx)
NL (2) NL200577A (xx)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3259946A (en) * 1962-04-09 1966-07-12 Westinghouse Air Brake Co Automatic feeder system for mold shake-out
US3568775A (en) * 1968-11-27 1971-03-09 Gulf & Western Precision Engin Fire protection system with hydraulically timed discharge
US3930434A (en) * 1973-10-30 1976-01-06 The Toro Company Hydraulic controller

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US952070A (en) * 1909-05-01 1910-03-15 Simon P Cota Air-brake-system signaling apparatus.
US1799113A (en) * 1928-03-31 1931-03-31 Miedbrodt Carl Safety and stopping arrangement for intermittently-operating apparatus
US2055031A (en) * 1930-11-07 1936-09-22 Prosperity Co Inc Timer with interchangeable formula for controlling machines having series of operations
US2277640A (en) * 1938-06-03 1942-03-24 Vickers Inc Power transmission
US2327524A (en) * 1940-04-17 1943-08-24 Vulcan Soot Blower Corp Automatic soot blower system
US2624495A (en) * 1949-09-08 1953-01-06 Hat Corp America Hat pressing apparatus

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US952070A (en) * 1909-05-01 1910-03-15 Simon P Cota Air-brake-system signaling apparatus.
US1799113A (en) * 1928-03-31 1931-03-31 Miedbrodt Carl Safety and stopping arrangement for intermittently-operating apparatus
US2055031A (en) * 1930-11-07 1936-09-22 Prosperity Co Inc Timer with interchangeable formula for controlling machines having series of operations
US2277640A (en) * 1938-06-03 1942-03-24 Vickers Inc Power transmission
US2327524A (en) * 1940-04-17 1943-08-24 Vulcan Soot Blower Corp Automatic soot blower system
US2624495A (en) * 1949-09-08 1953-01-06 Hat Corp America Hat pressing apparatus

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3259946A (en) * 1962-04-09 1966-07-12 Westinghouse Air Brake Co Automatic feeder system for mold shake-out
US3568775A (en) * 1968-11-27 1971-03-09 Gulf & Western Precision Engin Fire protection system with hydraulically timed discharge
US3930434A (en) * 1973-10-30 1976-01-06 The Toro Company Hydraulic controller

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB775893A (en) 1957-05-29
NL200577A (xx) 1900-01-01
FR1141451A (fr) 1957-09-03
NL102355C (xx) 1900-01-01
BE541460A (xx) 1900-01-01

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