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US3019104A - Photographic products, processes, and compositions - Google Patents

Photographic products, processes, and compositions Download PDF

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Publication number
US3019104A
US3019104A US701991A US70199157A US3019104A US 3019104 A US3019104 A US 3019104A US 701991 A US701991 A US 701991A US 70199157 A US70199157 A US 70199157A US 3019104 A US3019104 A US 3019104A
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silver halide
processes
image
vinyl monomer
development
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US701991A
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Oster Gerald
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Polaroid Corp
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Polaroid Corp
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Priority to US701991A priority Critical patent/US3019104A/en
Priority to GB11548/58A priority patent/GB890508A/en
Priority to DEI14767A priority patent/DE1119120B/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C8/00—Diffusion transfer processes or agents therefor; Photosensitive materials for such processes
    • G03C8/32—Development processes or agents therefor
    • G03C8/36—Developers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C8/00—Diffusion transfer processes or agents therefor; Photosensitive materials for such processes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
    • G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
    • G03F7/027—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds
    • G03F7/028—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds with photosensitivity-increasing substances, e.g. photoinitiators
    • G03F7/0285—Silver salts, e.g. a latent silver salt image
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C2200/00—Details
    • G03C2200/47—Polymer

Definitions

  • One object of this invention is to provide processes for producing photographic images having increased density.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide novel photographic products embodying the means for increasing the density of a photographic image.
  • the invention accordingly comprises the several steps and the relation and order of one or more of such steps with respect to each of the others, and the product possessing the features, properties and the relation of elements which are exemplified in the following detailed disclosure, and the scope of the application of which will be indicated in the claims.
  • the grains of silver halide in the exposed areas are rendered developable and, upon development, are reduced to metallic silver.
  • the density of the resulting images in general, is dependent upon the number of grains of silver produced, the size of the grains, and the interspatial distance between said grains.
  • photographic images having increased density, may be produced by carrying out the development in the presence of a polymerizable vinyl monomer and causing said monomer to be polymerized during the development step.
  • the polymer, produced serves to bind the exposed and developed crystals which thereby exhibit a very dense image since light scattering per unit weight of developed silver is considerably decreased on aggregation of the grains.
  • a latent silver halide image is developed with a developing agent which, upon oxidation, passes through a free radical state.
  • the free radicals produced a intermediate oxidation products of the developing agent during the development, are used to initiate and propagate the polymerization of the vinyl monomer.
  • the areas of polymerization will be substantially coextensive with the areas in which reduction of silver halide and oxidation of the developing agent are taking place (i.e., the exposed areas) and little, if any, polymer will be produced in unexposed areas.
  • a group of developers, which pass through a free radical state upon being oxidized and which are especially useful in carrying out the processes of this invention, are those of the benzenoid class.
  • developing agents of this class contain an aryl nucleus substituted in the ortho and para positions, with respect to each other, by hydroxyl and/ or amino groups, including alkyl and aryl substituted amino groups.
  • the aryl nucleus in such developers may also be further substituted by other substituents such, for example, as alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, etc., groups.
  • benzenoid developing agents which are useful in carrying out the processes of this invention, mention may be made of p-aminophenol hydrochloride, 2-a1nino-5-diethylaminotoluene hydrochloride, p-toluhydroquinone, p-methylaminophenol sulfate, hydroquinone diacetic acid, 3,5 -'dimethyl-4-aminophenol, p-benzylaminophenol, 2,6-dimethyl-4 aminophenol, 4-amino-1-naphthol hydrochloride, 2,5-dimethyl-4-aminophenol, 4-anilinophenol, 4-amino-2-methoxy-phenol and p-phenylene diamine.
  • the vinyl monomer Since the life cycle of the free radicals, produced during development, is generally of short duration, the vinyl monomer must be present at the time of development. It has been found that no increase in density or polymerization will occur if the monomer is added after development.
  • the vinyl monomer is incorporated in the photosensitive emulsion prior to exposure. This may be readily accomplished, for example, by dissolving or emulsifying the monomer in the silver halide: emulsion coating solution prior to its application to a suitable support. In certain instances the developing agent may be incorporated along with the vinyl monomer into the photosensitive element prior to exposure.
  • the developing agent may be rendered operative after exposure by permeating the photosensitive element with an aqueous alkaline solution.
  • the monomer is incorporated in the developing solution and imbibed on the photosensitive emulsion along with the developing agent.
  • Monomers suitable for use in the processes herein disclosed may be selected from any of the polymerizable vinyl monomers available. It will be understood that the especially useful monomers are those which are readily dissolved or emulsified in the photosensitive emulsion or developing solution. A preferred class of monomers are the salts of vinyl acids. Such monomers have low vapor pressures, and thus the photosensitive elements in which they are incorporated will have considerably longer shelf lives. The amount of vinyl monomer incorporated will depend upon the amount of intensification desired. Photosensitive emulsions wherein the monomer constitutes about 20% of the carrier material (for example, gelatin) have been found to be especially useful.
  • the carrier material for example, gelatin
  • vinyl monomers contemplated to be useful in the processes herein disclosed mention may be made of calcium acrylate, sodium acrylate, sodium methacrylate, alkyl methacrylates, alkyl acrylates, vinylacetate, cinnamaldehyde, cinnamic acid, cinnamic alcohol, acrolein, acrylonitrile, styrene, etc.
  • vinyl monomer is intended to include divinyl monomers such, for example, as divinylbenzene, glycol diacrylates, etc., which will produce a crosslinked polymer. It should be further understood that more than one monomer may be used, and thus a copolymer will be produced upon polymerization.
  • the developing step is carried out under conditions which promote the production of free radicals with a sufiicient lifespan to initiate polymerization, such as the conditions conducive to color coupling. Excessively high pHs which are generally detrimental to the stability of most free radicals should be avoided.
  • Example 1 A suspension of silver bromide crystals (average size about one micron) was made up in Water using a trace of glue a the stabilizer. The suspension was exposed to blue light and divided into two parts. One part was developed with a N p-aminophenol hydrochloride solution buffered at pH 8 and the other was developed with another portion of the same solution to which was added 20%, by weight, of calcium acrylate. After about fifteen minutes the sample which contained monomer turned an intense black and a large precipitate finally settled out. The sample without monomer turned into a murky brown stable suspension.
  • Example 2 Two silver bromide gelatin emulsion plates were made up and exposed to feeble light. One plate was developed by conventional means with p-aminophenol and a barely perceptible image was obtained. The other element was developed with p-aminophenol in the presence of calcium acrylate, with a short warming at 35 C., and an intense black-and-white image was obtained.
  • the processes of this invention are equally useful in silver transfer processes such, for example, as those disclosed in US. Patent No. 2,662,822.
  • a sheet of photosensitive material preferably a silver halide
  • actinic light to create therein a latent negative image.
  • This latent image is developed and a positive image thereof is formed on a superposed image-receiving layer, preferably by creating between the superposed layers a uniform film of a viscous alkaline developer solution containing a substance capable of forming positive image-forming components.
  • This latter substance in a preferred form of the invention, comprises a silver halide solvent such as sodium thiosulfate.
  • the developer therein develops the exposed photosensitive material and the silver halide solvent forms soluble complex ions with the unexposed photosensitive material.
  • These complex ions are transferred and imbibed on the image-carrying layer (which may contain silver Precipitating agents) where they are reacted to form a positive image of the latent negative image.
  • the processes of the present invention may be used to prevent staining in the highlights of the transferred positive image.
  • This object may be accomplished by having polymerizable vinyl monomers present during the development of the latent negative image and using the resulting polymer to at least assist in preventing the transfer of undeveloped silver halide from such areas.
  • the vinyl monomer may be incorporated in the photosensitive element or in the developer solution.
  • the processesof this invention may also be used in silver transfer processes to intensify the transferred positive image.
  • This intensification may be accomplished by carrying out the reduction of the transferred silver ions in the presence of a polymerizable vinyl monomer.
  • the vinyl monomer may be disposed in the image-receiving element prior to processing, or it may be imbibed from the processing solution.
  • unreacted monomer from said photosensitive element may be transferred to the image-receiving element and used to intensify the positive image.
  • the resulting increased density is apparently attributable, as in conventional photography, to the aggrgating effect of the polymer produced.
  • the processes of the present invention are further useful in color diffusion transfer processes. They are especially useful in processes wherein a complete dye, soluble in aqueous alkaline solutions, is incorporated in or behind a silver halide emulsion and its transfer to a superposed image-receiving element is controlled by reducing the permeability of the emulsion in exposed areas.
  • the processes of the present invention enable one to control the transfer of the dye by creating in the exposed areas polymeric barriers having reduced permeability to the dye. These barriers may be created by carrying out the development of the latent image in the presence of a suitable vinyl monomer.
  • the processes of this invention are still further useful in the preparation of relief images.
  • Such images may be made, for example, by developing a silver halide gelatin emulsion in the presence of a suitable polymerizable vinyl monomer and, after development, washing the resulting image with a material which is a solvent for the emulsion and the monomer, but not for the resulting polymer.
  • the relief images may be used as printing plates in conventional mechanical printing processes.
  • Colored polymeric images can be produced by the processes of this invention by using a primary aromatic amino silver halide developer (i.e., a color developer) as the developing agent and carrying out the development in the presence of a color coupler in addition to the vinyl monomer.
  • a primary aromatic amino silver halide developer i.e., a color developer
  • a red polymeric image is produced by developing exposed silver halide with a solution comprising equimolar amounts of p-aminophenol hy-- drochloride and l-(2-chloro-5-sulfophenyl)-3-methyl-5-- pyrazolone coupler and 20%, by weight, of calcium acrylate, buffered at pH 8.
  • a photographic process comprising the steps of permeating a photosensitive element including an exposed silver halide emulsion layer with a free radical polymerizable vinyl monomer, developing the exposed silver halide emulsion with a benzenoid silver halide developer, which developer forms free radicals upon being oxidized as a function of development and polymerizing said polymerizable vinyl monomer with said free radicals in the exposed and developed areas.
  • a photographic process comprising the steps of developing a photosensitive element including an exposed silver halide emulsion in the presence of a free radical polymerizable vinyl monomer which i in the emulsion at the time of development, with a benzenoid silver halide developer, which developer forms free radicals upon being oxidized as a function of development, polymerizing said vinyl monomer with said free radicals in the exposed and developed areas and subsequent to development washing said photosensitive element with a solvent in which the emulsion is soluble and the resulting polymer is insoluble to produce a relief image.
  • a photographic process comprising the Steps of developing a photosensitive element, including an exposed silver halide emulsion layer, which has therein at the time of development a free radical polymerizable vinyl monomer, a silver halide solvent and a benzenoid silver halide developer, which developer forms free radicals upon being oxidized as a function of development, polymerizing said vinyl monomer with said free radicals in exposed and developed areas, forming a soluble complex between said silver halide solvent and undeveloped silver halide and transferring said complex to a superposed image-receiving element to produce a transfer image on said image-receiving element.
  • a photographic process as defined in claim 1 where- UNITED STATES PATENTS in said silver halide developer is a primary aromatic amino 0 2,380,280 Weyerts July 10, 1945 silver hahde developer and the development of said ex- 2,647,056 Land July 28, 1953 posed silver hallde emulsion 1s carrled out in the pres- 2 701766 Hensley Feb 8 1955 ence of a color coupler in addition to said polymerizable 2,76O:363 palmbeck Aug 28 95 vinyl monomer to produce a colored polymeric image, 10 2,891,985 Roth Aug. 6, 1957

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Photosensitive Polymer And Photoresist Processing (AREA)
  • Non-Silver Salt Photosensitive Materials And Non-Silver Salt Photography (AREA)
  • Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
  • Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)

Description

United States Patent 3,019,104 PHOTOGRAPHIC PRODUCTS, PROCESSES, AND COMPOSITIONS Gerald Oster, Brooklyn, N.Y., assignor to Polaroid Corporation, Cambridge, Mass, a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Filed Dec. 11, 1957, Ser. No. 701,991 9 Claims. (Cl. 96-29) The present invention is concerned with photography and more particularly with photographic products and processes for producing photographic images having increased density.
One object of this invention is to provide processes for producing photographic images having increased density.
Another object of this invention is to provide novel photographic products embodying the means for increasing the density of a photographic image.
Other objects of the invention will in part be obvious and will in part appear hereinafter.
The invention accordingly comprises the several steps and the relation and order of one or more of such steps with respect to each of the others, and the product possessing the features, properties and the relation of elements which are exemplified in the following detailed disclosure, and the scope of the application of which will be indicated in the claims.
For a fuller understanding of the nature and objects of the invention, reference should be had to the following detailed description.
When a photographic emulsion is exposed to light, or other form of radiant energy, the grains of silver halide in the exposed areas are rendered developable and, upon development, are reduced to metallic silver. The density of the resulting images, in general, is dependent upon the number of grains of silver produced, the size of the grains, and the interspatial distance between said grains.
I have discovered that photographic images, having increased density, may be produced by carrying out the development in the presence of a polymerizable vinyl monomer and causing said monomer to be polymerized during the development step. Apparently, the polymer, produced, serves to bind the exposed and developed crystals which thereby exhibit a very dense image since light scattering per unit weight of developed silver is considerably decreased on aggregation of the grains.
In carrying out the processes of this invention a latent silver halide image is developed with a developing agent which, upon oxidation, passes through a free radical state. The free radicals, produced a intermediate oxidation products of the developing agent during the development, are used to initiate and propagate the polymerization of the vinyl monomer. The areas of polymerization will be substantially coextensive with the areas in which reduction of silver halide and oxidation of the developing agent are taking place (i.e., the exposed areas) and little, if any, polymer will be produced in unexposed areas. A group of developers, which pass through a free radical state upon being oxidized and which are especially useful in carrying out the processes of this invention, are those of the benzenoid class. In general, developing agents of this class contain an aryl nucleus substituted in the ortho and para positions, with respect to each other, by hydroxyl and/ or amino groups, including alkyl and aryl substituted amino groups. The aryl nucleus in such developers may also be further substituted by other substituents such, for example, as alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, etc., groups. As examples of benzenoid developing agents which are useful in carrying out the processes of this invention, mention may be made of p-aminophenol hydrochloride, 2-a1nino-5-diethylaminotoluene hydrochloride, p-toluhydroquinone, p-methylaminophenol sulfate, hydroquinone diacetic acid, 3,5 -'dimethyl-4-aminophenol, p-benzylaminophenol, 2,6-dimethyl-4 aminophenol, 4-amino-1-naphthol hydrochloride, 2,5-dimethyl-4-aminophenol, 4-anilinophenol, 4-amino-2-methoxy-phenol and p-phenylene diamine.
Since the life cycle of the free radicals, produced during development, is generally of short duration, the vinyl monomer must be present at the time of development. It has been found that no increase in density or polymerization will occur if the monomer is added after development. In a preferred mode of carrying out the processes of this invention, the vinyl monomer is incorporated in the photosensitive emulsion prior to exposure. This may be readily accomplished, for example, by dissolving or emulsifying the monomer in the silver halide: emulsion coating solution prior to its application to a suitable support. In certain instances the developing agent may be incorporated along with the vinyl monomer into the photosensitive element prior to exposure. In such an embodiment the developing agent may be rendered operative after exposure by permeating the photosensitive element with an aqueous alkaline solution. In another useful mode of carrying out the invention, the monomer is incorporated in the developing solution and imbibed on the photosensitive emulsion along with the developing agent.
Monomers suitable for use in the processes herein disclosed may be selected from any of the polymerizable vinyl monomers available. It will be understood that the especially useful monomers are those which are readily dissolved or emulsified in the photosensitive emulsion or developing solution. A preferred class of monomers are the salts of vinyl acids. Such monomers have low vapor pressures, and thus the photosensitive elements in which they are incorporated will have considerably longer shelf lives. The amount of vinyl monomer incorporated will depend upon the amount of intensification desired. Photosensitive emulsions wherein the monomer constitutes about 20% of the carrier material (for example, gelatin) have been found to be especially useful. A examples of vinyl monomers contemplated to be useful in the processes herein disclosed, mention may be made of calcium acrylate, sodium acrylate, sodium methacrylate, alkyl methacrylates, alkyl acrylates, vinylacetate, cinnamaldehyde, cinnamic acid, cinnamic alcohol, acrolein, acrylonitrile, styrene, etc. It should be understood that the term vinyl monomer is intended to include divinyl monomers such, for example, as divinylbenzene, glycol diacrylates, etc., which will produce a crosslinked polymer. It should be further understood that more than one monomer may be used, and thus a copolymer will be produced upon polymerization.
The developing step is carried out under conditions which promote the production of free radicals with a sufiicient lifespan to initiate polymerization, such as the conditions conducive to color coupling. Excessively high pHs which are generally detrimental to the stability of most free radicals should be avoided.
The following nonlimiting examples illustrate the processes of this invention.
Example 1 A suspension of silver bromide crystals (average size about one micron) was made up in Water using a trace of glue a the stabilizer. The suspension was exposed to blue light and divided into two parts. One part was developed with a N p-aminophenol hydrochloride solution buffered at pH 8 and the other was developed with another portion of the same solution to which was added 20%, by weight, of calcium acrylate. After about fifteen minutes the sample which contained monomer turned an intense black and a large precipitate finally settled out. The sample without monomer turned into a murky brown stable suspension.
Example 2 Two silver bromide gelatin emulsion plates were made up and exposed to feeble light. One plate was developed by conventional means with p-aminophenol and a barely perceptible image was obtained. The other element was developed with p-aminophenol in the presence of calcium acrylate, with a short warming at 35 C., and an intense black-and-white image was obtained.
In addition to conventional photographic processes, such as described above, the processes of this invention are equally useful in silver transfer processes such, for example, as those disclosed in US. Patent No. 2,662,822. In such processes a sheet of photosensitive material, preferably a silver halide, is exposed to actinic light to create therein a latent negative image. This latent image is developed and a positive image thereof is formed on a superposed image-receiving layer, preferably by creating between the superposed layers a uniform film of a viscous alkaline developer solution containing a substance capable of forming positive image-forming components. This latter substance, in a preferred form of the invention, comprises a silver halide solvent such as sodium thiosulfate. With such a film of liquid composition between the exposed photosensitive layer and the image-receiving layer, the developer therein develops the exposed photosensitive material and the silver halide solvent forms soluble complex ions with the unexposed photosensitive material. These complex ions are transferred and imbibed on the image-carrying layer (which may contain silver Precipitating agents) where they are reacted to form a positive image of the latent negative image.
In silver transfer processes, such as described above, the processes of the present invention may be used to prevent staining in the highlights of the transferred positive image. This object may be accomplished by having polymerizable vinyl monomers present during the development of the latent negative image and using the resulting polymer to at least assist in preventing the transfer of undeveloped silver halide from such areas. The vinyl monomer may be incorporated in the photosensitive element or in the developer solution.
The processesof this invention may also be used in silver transfer processes to intensify the transferred positive image. This intensification may be accomplished by carrying out the reduction of the transferred silver ions in the presence of a polymerizable vinyl monomer. The vinyl monomer may be disposed in the image-receiving element prior to processing, or it may be imbibed from the processing solution. When a vinyl monomer is used in the photosensitive emulsion and said monomer is soluble in the liquid processing solution, unreacted monomer from said photosensitive element may be transferred to the image-receiving element and used to intensify the positive image. The resulting increased density is apparently attributable, as in conventional photography, to the aggrgating effect of the polymer produced.
The processes of the present invention are further useful in color diffusion transfer processes. They are especially useful in processes wherein a complete dye, soluble in aqueous alkaline solutions, is incorporated in or behind a silver halide emulsion and its transfer to a superposed image-receiving element is controlled by reducing the permeability of the emulsion in exposed areas. The processes of the present invention enable one to control the transfer of the dye by creating in the exposed areas polymeric barriers having reduced permeability to the dye. These barriers may be created by carrying out the development of the latent image in the presence of a suitable vinyl monomer.
The processes of this invention are still further useful in the preparation of relief images. Such images may be made, for example, by developing a silver halide gelatin emulsion in the presence of a suitable polymerizable vinyl monomer and, after development, washing the resulting image with a material which is a solvent for the emulsion and the monomer, but not for the resulting polymer. In certain instances, the relief images may be used as printing plates in conventional mechanical printing processes.
Colored polymeric images can be produced by the processes of this invention by using a primary aromatic amino silver halide developer (i.e., a color developer) as the developing agent and carrying out the development in the presence of a color coupler in addition to the vinyl monomer. Thus, for example, a red polymeric image is produced by developing exposed silver halide with a solution comprising equimolar amounts of p-aminophenol hy-- drochloride and l-(2-chloro-5-sulfophenyl)-3-methyl-5-- pyrazolone coupler and 20%, by weight, of calcium acrylate, buffered at pH 8.
Since certain changes may be made in the above product and process without departing from the scope of the invention herein involved, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.
What is claimed is:
1. A photographic process comprising the steps of permeating a photosensitive element including an exposed silver halide emulsion layer with a free radical polymerizable vinyl monomer, developing the exposed silver halide emulsion with a benzenoid silver halide developer, which developer forms free radicals upon being oxidized as a function of development and polymerizing said polymerizable vinyl monomer with said free radicals in the exposed and developed areas.
2. A photographic process as defined in claim 1 wherein said benzenoid silver halide developer is p-aminophenol.
3. A photographic process as defined in claim 1 wherein said polymerizable vinyl monomer is calcium acrylate.
4. A process as defined in claim 1 wherein said silver halide developer and said polymerizable vinyl monomer are applied to the photosensitive element from the same processing solution.
5. A photographic process comprising the steps of developing a photosensitive element including an exposed silver halide emulsion in the presence of a free radical polymerizable vinyl monomer which i in the emulsion at the time of development, with a benzenoid silver halide developer, which developer forms free radicals upon being oxidized as a function of development, polymerizing said vinyl monomer with said free radicals in the exposed and developed areas and subsequent to development washing said photosensitive element with a solvent in which the emulsion is soluble and the resulting polymer is insoluble to produce a relief image.
6. A photographic process comprising the Steps of developing a photosensitive element, including an exposed silver halide emulsion layer, which has therein at the time of development a free radical polymerizable vinyl monomer, a silver halide solvent and a benzenoid silver halide developer, which developer forms free radicals upon being oxidized as a function of development, polymerizing said vinyl monomer with said free radicals in exposed and developed areas, forming a soluble complex between said silver halide solvent and undeveloped silver halide and transferring said complex to a superposed image-receiving element to produce a transfer image on said image-receiving element.
7. A photographic process as defined in claim 6 wherein said polymerizable vinyl monomer is soluble in an aqueous alkaline processing solution.
8. In a photographic process comprising the steps of developing a photosensitive element including an exposed silver halide emulsion layer with a benzenoid silver halide developer, which developer forms free radicals upon being oxidized as a function of development, and a silver halide solvent, and superposing said photosensitive element on an image-receiving element to produce a transfer image on said image-receiving element, the improvement of having a free radical polymerizable vinyl monomer in 6 the image-receiving element and polymerizing said vinyl said coupler being in the silver halide emulsion at the time monomer with said free radicals in the developed areas of development. of said image-receiving element References Cited in the file of this patent 9. A photographic process as defined in claim 1 where- UNITED STATES PATENTS in said silver halide developer is a primary aromatic amino 0 2,380,280 Weyerts July 10, 1945 silver hahde developer and the development of said ex- 2,647,056 Land July 28, 1953 posed silver hallde emulsion 1s carrled out in the pres- 2 701766 Hensley Feb 8 1955 ence of a color coupler in addition to said polymerizable 2,76O:363 palmbeck Aug 28 95 vinyl monomer to produce a colored polymeric image, 10 2,891,985 Roth Aug. 6, 1957

Claims (1)

1. A PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESS COMPRISING THE STEPS OF PERMEATING A PHOTOSENSITIVE ELEMENT INCLUDING AN EXPOSED SILVER HALIDE EMULSION LAYER WITH A FREE RADICAL POLYMERIZABLE VINYL MONOMER, DEVELOPMENT THE EXPOSED SILVER HALIDE EMULSION WITH A BENZENOID SILVER HALIDE DEVELOPER, WHICH DEVELOPER FORMS FREE RADICALS UPON BEING OXIDIZED AS A FUNCTION OF DEVELOPMENT AND POLYMERIZING SAID POLYMERIZABLE VINYL MONOMER WITH SAID FREE RADICALS IN THE EXPOSED AND DEVELOPED AREAS.
US701991A 1957-12-11 1957-12-11 Photographic products, processes, and compositions Expired - Lifetime US3019104A (en)

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US701991A US3019104A (en) 1957-12-11 1957-12-11 Photographic products, processes, and compositions
GB11548/58A GB890508A (en) 1957-12-11 1958-04-11 Photographic transfer processes
DEI14767A DE1119120B (en) 1957-12-11 1958-04-28 Process for developing exposed silver halide emulsion layers

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Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3165407A (en) * 1962-06-08 1965-01-12 Eastman Kodak Co Process for improving color developability of reversal photograph films
US3194661A (en) * 1961-02-02 1965-07-13 Du Pont Silver image transfer polymerization process
US3236644A (en) * 1962-08-06 1966-02-22 Eastman Kodak Co Process for silver development of photopolymerization prints and print forming element therefor
US3241962A (en) * 1963-01-15 1966-03-22 Du Pont Photographic processes and elements
US3255002A (en) * 1961-03-09 1966-06-07 Polaroid Corp Color photographic process and product
US3276873A (en) * 1963-08-30 1966-10-04 Polaroid Corp Photographic processes
US3306744A (en) * 1962-12-17 1967-02-28 Polaroid Corp Copying process using dithioxamides, heavy metal salts and photopolymerizable monomers and photocross linkable polymers
DE1720665B1 (en) * 1966-06-06 1972-07-06 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Process for the production of vinyl polymer images
US3767400A (en) * 1967-08-28 1973-10-23 Y Hayakawa Process for the formation of polymer images
US3790378A (en) * 1968-11-02 1974-02-05 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Process for the formation of polymer images
US3874947A (en) * 1968-08-20 1975-04-01 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Process for the production of polymer images
US4287290A (en) * 1979-04-05 1981-09-01 Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Process for producing polymeric image by diffusion step
US4547450A (en) * 1982-01-13 1985-10-15 Fuji Photo Film Company Silver halide sensor type polymerizable light-sensitive material
US4557997A (en) * 1981-06-23 1985-12-10 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Photo-polymerizable process of image formation using unsaturated materials and silver halide

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US2647056A (en) * 1948-02-12 1953-07-28 Polaroid Corp One step photographic transfer process
US2701766A (en) * 1952-06-14 1955-02-08 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Developers for and method of producing phenazonium dyestuff images with p-dialkylaminoaniline developing agents
US2760863A (en) * 1951-08-20 1956-08-28 Du Pont Photographic preparation of relief images
US2891985A (en) * 1956-11-16 1959-06-23 Us Rubber Co Monomers for flame resistant resinous copolymers

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US2380280A (en) * 1943-03-06 1945-07-10 Eastman Kodak Co Chemical sensitizing of emulsions
US2647056A (en) * 1948-02-12 1953-07-28 Polaroid Corp One step photographic transfer process
US2760863A (en) * 1951-08-20 1956-08-28 Du Pont Photographic preparation of relief images
US2701766A (en) * 1952-06-14 1955-02-08 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Developers for and method of producing phenazonium dyestuff images with p-dialkylaminoaniline developing agents
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Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3194661A (en) * 1961-02-02 1965-07-13 Du Pont Silver image transfer polymerization process
US3255002A (en) * 1961-03-09 1966-06-07 Polaroid Corp Color photographic process and product
US3165407A (en) * 1962-06-08 1965-01-12 Eastman Kodak Co Process for improving color developability of reversal photograph films
US3236644A (en) * 1962-08-06 1966-02-22 Eastman Kodak Co Process for silver development of photopolymerization prints and print forming element therefor
US3306744A (en) * 1962-12-17 1967-02-28 Polaroid Corp Copying process using dithioxamides, heavy metal salts and photopolymerizable monomers and photocross linkable polymers
US3241962A (en) * 1963-01-15 1966-03-22 Du Pont Photographic processes and elements
US3276873A (en) * 1963-08-30 1966-10-04 Polaroid Corp Photographic processes
DE1720665B1 (en) * 1966-06-06 1972-07-06 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Process for the production of vinyl polymer images
US3767400A (en) * 1967-08-28 1973-10-23 Y Hayakawa Process for the formation of polymer images
US3874947A (en) * 1968-08-20 1975-04-01 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Process for the production of polymer images
US3790378A (en) * 1968-11-02 1974-02-05 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Process for the formation of polymer images
US4287290A (en) * 1979-04-05 1981-09-01 Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Process for producing polymeric image by diffusion step
US4557997A (en) * 1981-06-23 1985-12-10 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Photo-polymerizable process of image formation using unsaturated materials and silver halide
US4547450A (en) * 1982-01-13 1985-10-15 Fuji Photo Film Company Silver halide sensor type polymerizable light-sensitive material

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GB890508A (en) 1962-02-28
DE1119120B (en) 1961-12-07

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