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US3018480A - Improvements in aerials of the cosecantsquared type - Google Patents

Improvements in aerials of the cosecantsquared type Download PDF

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Publication number
US3018480A
US3018480A US856442A US85644259A US3018480A US 3018480 A US3018480 A US 3018480A US 856442 A US856442 A US 856442A US 85644259 A US85644259 A US 85644259A US 3018480 A US3018480 A US 3018480A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
guide
aerials
wave
aerial
slots
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US856442A
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English (en)
Inventor
Thourel Leo
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thales SA
Original Assignee
CSF Compagnie Generale de Telegraphie sans Fil SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by CSF Compagnie Generale de Telegraphie sans Fil SA filed Critical CSF Compagnie Generale de Telegraphie sans Fil SA
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Publication of US3018480A publication Critical patent/US3018480A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
    • H01Q21/0037—Particular feeding systems linear waveguide fed arrays
    • H01Q21/0043—Slotted waveguides
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/20—Non-resonant leaky-waveguide or transmission-line antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/28—Non-resonant leaky-waveguide or transmission-line antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave comprising elements constituting electric discontinuities and spaced in direction of wave propagation, e.g. dielectric elements or conductive elements forming artificial dielectric

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to directional ultra high frequency aerials. More particularly, it relates to aerials whose radiating pattern is of the cosecant-squared type.
  • Aerials having this type of radiation pattern are currently associated with high coverage air field approach surveillance radars. However, in so far as airborne radars are concerned, the considerations tied to aerodynamics and to space requirements rapidly become of prime importance.
  • An aerial according to the invention comprises a waveguide, one of the large sides of which is slotted while the opposite side supports within the guide a dielectric body, the thickness of which changes at intervals.
  • the radiation pattern of the aerial is adjusted to the desired configuration by adjusting the thickness of the dielectric body, which may form a layer, and the width of the slots.
  • FIG. 1 is a radiating pattern obtained with an aerial of the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a wave-guide with radiating slots of the known type
  • FIG. 3 is an axial cross-sectional view of an aerial according to the invention.
  • the general radiation pattern 11 of an aerial may be obtained by adding elementary patterns I, II, and III as shown in FIG. 1.
  • the field radiated in any direction, such as for example the direction Ox, is given by the vector or and its magnitude is:
  • An aerial according to the invention comprises a slotted wave-guide 23, such as that shown in FIG. 2; the slots 21 are cut in one of the large walls 22 of guide 23. They are spaced apart from one another, for example by a quarter of a wavelength.
  • ultra high frequency energy is fed to the guide of FIG. 2 from one of its ends, for example end 24, it radiates in a direction 25 making an angle 0 with the plane of the slots.
  • this angle is defined by the equation where X and A, are the lengths in the air and in the wave guide respectively of the operating wave.
  • wave guide 23 comprises a dielectric body.
  • the bottom of wave guide 23 is covered with a layer of dielectric material 42, such as Teflon or a ceramic material, as shown in section in FIG. 3.
  • the guide is thus divided in a plurality of waveguide sections, 47, 48 and 49, the thickness of the dielectric layer 43, 44 and 45 being different in each section and decreasing from the input end 41 of the guide to the opposite end.
  • Energy is fed to the guide at the input end 41, the opposite end being coupled to a matched load 46.
  • the described structure results in the wave length A varying from one guide section to the adjacent one, angle 0 varying accordingly and being smaller as the wavelength in the guide is greater, i.e. the dielectric layer thicker.
  • the system of FIG. 3 makes it possible to obtain a radiation pattern of the type shown in FIG. 1.
  • guide sections 47, 48 and 49 can be caused to radiate along the radiation patterns I, II and III respectively, the axes of these patterns being inclined to the upper surface of the guide by angle 0 0 and 0 respectively.
  • the radiating pattern can be further adjusted by providing guide sections 47, 48 and 49 with slots having different widths which may, for example, increase from one section to the other in the order named.
  • the radiation coeflicient by a slot having a given length, i.e. the ratio of the energy radiated by said slot to the energy propagating in the guide, is substantially proportional to the width of the slot, consequently, the width of the successive slots is a parameter for adjusting the radiation pattern.
  • An aerial comprising a wave-guide having two large and two small sides and two ends and including a plurality of guide portions of the same cross section, one of said large sides having equally spaced slots; and respective dielectric bodies having respective constant cross-sections in said guide portions, the volume of said bodies decreasing from one end of said guide to the other.
  • An aerial comprising a wave-guide having two large and two small sides and two ends including a plurality of guide portions of the same cross section, one of said large sides having equally spaced radiating slots; respective dielectric layers in said portions, said layers covering the other large side and the thickness of said layers decreasing from one end of said guide to the other.
  • An aerial comprising a wave-guide having two large and two small sides and two ends and including a plurality of guide portions of the same cross section, one of said large sides having equally spaced radiating slots; respective dielectric layers in said portions, said layers covering the other large side and the thickness of said layers decreasing from one end of said guide to the other and being constant in each of said guide portions.
  • An aerial comprising a wave-guide having two large and two small sides and two ends and including a plurality of guide portions of the same cross section; equally spaced radiating slots in one of the large sides; the width of said slots increasing from one end of said guide to the other; respective dielectric bodies in said portions, the volume of said bodies decreasing from said one end of said guide to said other end.
  • An aerial comprising a wave guide having two large and two small sides and two ends and including a plurality of guide portions, one of said large sides having equally spaced radiating slots; respective dielectric layers in said portions, said layers covering the other large side and the thickness of said layers decreasing from one end of said guide to the other and the width of said slots increasing from one end to said other end and being constant in each of said guide portions.

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  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
US856442A 1958-12-19 1959-12-01 Improvements in aerials of the cosecantsquared type Expired - Lifetime US3018480A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR782133A FR1218633A (fr) 1958-12-19 1958-12-19 Guide à fentes rayonnant un faisceau de forme imposée

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3018480A true US3018480A (en) 1962-01-23

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Family Applications (1)

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US856442A Expired - Lifetime US3018480A (en) 1958-12-19 1959-12-01 Improvements in aerials of the cosecantsquared type

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US (1) US3018480A (de)
DE (1) DE1096975B (de)
FR (1) FR1218633A (de)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3155975A (en) * 1962-05-07 1964-11-03 Ryan Aeronautical Co Circular polarization antenna composed of an elongated microstrip with a plurality of space staggered radiating elements
US3351877A (en) * 1963-07-20 1967-11-07 Telefunken Patent Backward waveguide having a dielectric contiguous with one inner wall thereof
US4468673A (en) * 1982-08-18 1984-08-28 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Frequency scan antenna utilizing supported dielectric waveguide
US4618865A (en) * 1984-09-27 1986-10-21 Sperry Corporation Dielectric trough waveguide antenna
US4689629A (en) * 1982-09-27 1987-08-25 Rogers Corporation Surface wave antenna
US5357260A (en) * 1990-07-10 1994-10-18 Antonine Roederer Antenna scanned by frequency variation
US20130120204A1 (en) * 2010-03-26 2013-05-16 Thomas Schoeberl Microwave scanner
US9246232B2 (en) * 2009-04-02 2016-01-26 Universite De Rennes 1 Multilayer pillbox type parallel-plate waveguide antenna and corresponding antenna system

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL160438C (nl) * 1968-10-18 1979-10-15 Hollandse Signaalapparaten Bv Microgolfantenne.
CN102790633A (zh) * 2011-05-18 2012-11-21 西门子公司 一种传输线以及乘客信息系统

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2405242A (en) * 1941-11-28 1946-08-06 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Microwave radio transmission
US2433368A (en) * 1942-03-31 1947-12-30 Sperry Gyroscope Co Inc Wave guide construction
US2447549A (en) * 1943-03-05 1948-08-24 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Radio glide path landing system for aircraft
FR1014722A (fr) * 1950-03-16 1952-08-20 Csf Aériens à reyonnement longitudinal pour ondes ultra-courtes
DE902510C (de) * 1941-09-23 1954-01-25 Julius Pintsch K G Anordnung zum Erzeugen bzw. Senden oder/und Empfangen von ultrahochfrequenten elektrischen Schwingungen, insbesondere des Dezimeter- oder Zentimeterwellenlaengengebietes,vorzugsweise mit Flaechenstrahler
US2822542A (en) * 1954-10-18 1958-02-04 Motorola Inc Directive antenna

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE902510C (de) * 1941-09-23 1954-01-25 Julius Pintsch K G Anordnung zum Erzeugen bzw. Senden oder/und Empfangen von ultrahochfrequenten elektrischen Schwingungen, insbesondere des Dezimeter- oder Zentimeterwellenlaengengebietes,vorzugsweise mit Flaechenstrahler
US2405242A (en) * 1941-11-28 1946-08-06 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Microwave radio transmission
US2433368A (en) * 1942-03-31 1947-12-30 Sperry Gyroscope Co Inc Wave guide construction
US2447549A (en) * 1943-03-05 1948-08-24 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Radio glide path landing system for aircraft
FR1014722A (fr) * 1950-03-16 1952-08-20 Csf Aériens à reyonnement longitudinal pour ondes ultra-courtes
US2822542A (en) * 1954-10-18 1958-02-04 Motorola Inc Directive antenna

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3155975A (en) * 1962-05-07 1964-11-03 Ryan Aeronautical Co Circular polarization antenna composed of an elongated microstrip with a plurality of space staggered radiating elements
US3351877A (en) * 1963-07-20 1967-11-07 Telefunken Patent Backward waveguide having a dielectric contiguous with one inner wall thereof
US4468673A (en) * 1982-08-18 1984-08-28 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Frequency scan antenna utilizing supported dielectric waveguide
US4689629A (en) * 1982-09-27 1987-08-25 Rogers Corporation Surface wave antenna
US4618865A (en) * 1984-09-27 1986-10-21 Sperry Corporation Dielectric trough waveguide antenna
US5357260A (en) * 1990-07-10 1994-10-18 Antonine Roederer Antenna scanned by frequency variation
US9246232B2 (en) * 2009-04-02 2016-01-26 Universite De Rennes 1 Multilayer pillbox type parallel-plate waveguide antenna and corresponding antenna system
US20130120204A1 (en) * 2010-03-26 2013-05-16 Thomas Schoeberl Microwave scanner

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1096975B (de) 1961-01-12
FR1218633A (fr) 1960-05-11

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