US3089883A - Esters of acylaminocarboxylic acids - Google Patents
Esters of acylaminocarboxylic acids Download PDFInfo
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- US3089883A US3089883A US746606A US74660658A US3089883A US 3089883 A US3089883 A US 3089883A US 746606 A US746606 A US 746606A US 74660658 A US74660658 A US 74660658A US 3089883 A US3089883 A US 3089883A
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- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 title claims description 36
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 11
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 title description 14
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 26
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 13
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 10
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- JBKVHLHDHHXQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N epsilon-caprolactam Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCN1 JBKVHLHDHHXQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- -1 aliphatic amino carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- DRQWZXINYNOKAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(octadecylamino)hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCNC(C(O)=O)CCCC DRQWZXINYNOKAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- NOPFSRXAKWQILS-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO NOPFSRXAKWQILS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000003951 lactams Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 4
- HIOGYWIOWMLJMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(octadecylamino)undecanoic acid Chemical compound C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)NC(C(=O)O)CCCCCCCCC HIOGYWIOWMLJMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCC(O)O CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 3
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229940045860 white wax Drugs 0.000 description 3
- PVWNNODKWUKLHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)(=O)NC(C(=O)O)CCCCCCCCC Chemical compound C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)(=O)NC(C(=O)O)CCCCCCCCC PVWNNODKWUKLHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbamic acid Chemical class NC(O)=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229960000735 docosanol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-hexanoic acid Natural products CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UTOPWMOLSKOLTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octacosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O UTOPWMOLSKOLTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019809 paraffin wax Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000019271 petrolatum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000010499 rapseed oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010416 shoe-polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- DSEKYWAQQVUQTP-XEWMWGOFSA-N (2r,4r,4as,6as,6as,6br,8ar,12ar,14as,14bs)-2-hydroxy-4,4a,6a,6b,8a,11,11,14a-octamethyl-2,4,5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12,12a,13,14,14b-tetradecahydro-1h-picen-3-one Chemical compound C([C@H]1[C@]2(C)CC[C@@]34C)C(C)(C)CC[C@]1(C)CC[C@]2(C)[C@H]4CC[C@@]1(C)[C@H]3C[C@@H](O)C(=O)[C@@H]1C DSEKYWAQQVUQTP-XEWMWGOFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N (9Z)-octadecen-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCO ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002666 1-octacosanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GEGDXGUCWDJROO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(octadecanoylamino)hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(C(O)=O)CCCC GEGDXGUCWDJROO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LBLYYCQCTBFVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1S(O)(=O)=O LBLYYCQCTBFVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FGSUUFDRDVJCLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylazepan-2-one Chemical compound CC1CCCCNC1=O FGSUUFDRDVJCLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004164 Wax ester Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001266 acyl halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002415 cerumenolytic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PDXRQENMIVHKPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,1-diol Chemical compound OC1(O)CCCCC1 PDXRQENMIVHKPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ACCCMOQWYVYDOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)O ACCCMOQWYVYDOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004702 methyl esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-heptadecyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CNNRPFQICPFDPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N octacosan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO CNNRPFQICPFDPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940055577 oleyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N oleyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCO XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUWHAWMETYGRKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N piperidin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCCN1 XUWHAWMETYGRKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- ULWHHBHJGPPBCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCC(O)O ULWHHBHJGPPBCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006413 ring segment Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000003441 saturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015096 spirit Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940012831 stearyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylolethane Chemical compound OCC(C)(CO)CO QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019386 wax ester Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C233/00—Carboxylic acid amides
- C07C233/01—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C233/45—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by carboxyl groups
- C07C233/46—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by carboxyl groups with the substituted hydrocarbon radical bound to the nitrogen atom of the carboxamide group by an acyclic carbon atom
Definitions
- This invention relates to the production of synthetic waxes and provides novel esters and novel wax compositions containing these novel esters.
- a primary object of the invention is to provide an inexpensive hard wax which is compatible with parafiin wax, has good solvent binding power and can be used as a replacement for the expensive hard wax presently included in paraffin waxes used, for example, for floor and shoe polishing.
- esters of acylaminocarboxylic acid and long chain monohydric alcohols or polyhydric alcohols can be used for the purposes of the invention.
- aminocarboxylic acids suitable for the purposes of the invention are of the formula:
- R is a hydrocarbon radical other than a fully aromatic hydrocarbon radical
- n is a whole number of from 3 to 20, conveniently 5, 7 or 10
- x is a Whole number of at least 1 and preferably not more than 3. Desirably x is 1.
- the acylaminocarboxylic acids can be prepared from lactams by reacting therewith carboxylic acids, and can be prepared by the method of United States application Serial No. 677,236, filed August 9, 1957, now Patent No. 2,956,068. Alternatively, they can be prepared in known manner by reacting the acyl halides of higher fatty acids with aliphatic amino carboxylic acids in the presence of agents which combine with acid.
- Suitable carboxylic acids for providing the radical R in the above formula are those containing a hydrocarbon radical other than a fully aromatic hydrocarbon radical.
- the hydrocarbon radical can be aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or hydro-aromatic.
- the radical can contain an aromatic moiety.
- the radical can be joined to the carboxyl group through an aromatic radical.
- the straight chain and branched chain saturated and unsaturated fatty acids of natural or synthetic origin are particularly well suited for the purposes of the invention.
- the radical can contain from about 10 to 40 carbon atoms and preferably contains 16 to 24 carbon atoms.
- the aminocarboxylic acid can be of such composition that n in the above formula is 320.
- the acids are derived from lactams
- the lactams contain from to 9 ring atoms in the heterocyclic ring system.
- Suitable lactams are butyryl lactam, valerolactam, caprolactam, and methylcaprolactam.
- Preferred acylaminocarboxylic acids are acylaminocaproic acids having caprolactam radical.
- S-tearylaminocaproic acid and stearylaminoundecanoic acid are well suited for the purposes of the invention.
- a preferred ester is the behenylalcoholester of stearylaminocaproic acid.
- Behenylalcohol is derivable by hydrogenation of rape oil and contains 18 to 22 carbon atoms.
- suitable alcohols are mo-nohydric alcohols containing at least about 8 carbon atoms, for example monohydric alcohol containing 12 to 18 carbon atoms such as lauryl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, montanyl alcohol, wax alcohols and their technical mixtures, as well as higher molecular branchedchain primary saturated aliphatic alcohols, obtained for 3,089,883 Patented May 14, 1963 ice instance by condensation of aliphatic alcohols in the presence of the alkali by the method of Guerbet.
- suitable alcohols are mo-nohydric alcohols containing at least about 8 carbon atoms, for example monohydric alcohol containing 12 to 18 carbon atoms such as lauryl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, montanyl alcohol, wax alcohols and their technical mixtures, as well as higher molecular branchedchain primary saturated aliphatic alcohols, obtained for 3,089,883 Patented May 14, 1963
- the hydroxyl group of an alcohol molecule reacts with a hydrogen atom present on the 2 carbon atom of the other alcohol molecule with the splitting off of water and the formation of branched alcohol of higher molecular weight which contains in the molecule the same number of carbon atoms as contained together by the two starting alcohols from which the new alcohol has formed.
- the initial alcohol had the formula C H OH
- the alcohol formed has the formula O H WCHADH OII o 2n+l in which p is a whole number from 8 to 30, preferably 10 to 24, and q is a whole number which is 2 smaller than the number p.
- Polyhydric alcohols such as ethylene glycol, propane diol, butane diol, hexane diol, cyclohexane diol, diethylene glycol, trimethylol ethane, trimethylol propane, glycerine, pentaerythritol and sorbitol can also be used for the esterification of the acid component.
- the reaction of the acylaminocarboxylic acids with the alcohols can be carried out in accordance with the known methods by melt-condensation in the presence of an inert gas or by azeotropic esterification with an entrainment agent, both at elevated or at reduced pressure.
- the reaction can also be effected in the presence of the known acid or basic esterification catalysts.
- the quantity ratios of alcohol to acid components are preferably so selected that the number of carboxyl groups corresponds to the number of hydroxyl groups of the alcohol.
- the esterification is in general complete when he reaction product still has only an acid number of about 10-30.
- the unreacted free acid can be converted into magnesium, calcium, aluminum or zinc salts. This is particularly true when employing an excess of acid.
- a wax ester obtained in this manner can in general be used with the slight traces of free acylaminocarboxylic acid or its salts which still adhere to it. In the case of higher polyalcohols such as pentaerythritol and sorbitol, it is advisable to esterify with an excess of alcohol.
- esters of acylarninocarboxylic acids obtained in this manner constitute excellent hard waxes which are vested with good solvent-binding power, are entirely compatible with parafiin wax and can replace with equivalent etiect the expensive hard wax in the known mixtures for floor and shoe polishing agents.
- the synthetic waxes in accordance with the invention can be used for instance for floor waxes, leather dressing agents, furniture and automobile polishes, etc.
- the pastes prepared with the synthetic waxes of the invention are characterized by shiny surface film, good paste hardness and excellent gloss-imparting properties.
- the invention provides wax compositions comprising a paraffin wax, a wax solvent, and an acylaminocarboxylic acid ester according to the invention.
- Example I A known standard paste of the following composition was prepared:
- Waxes C and D are replaced as desired by the ester of the invention to be tested.
- Example II 60 parts by weight of stearoylamino caproic acid (0.15 mol) are heated with 7 parts by weight butanediol-1,4 (0.075 mol) in the presence of 0.5 part by weight p-toluencsulfonic acid for eight hours in a stream of nitrogen at 150 C. Thereupon, the esterification is continued for a further four hours at the same temperature in the vacuum produced by an oil pump.
- a hard wax having an acid number 27 is obtained.
- This compound is treated with the quantity of calcium hydroxide calculated on basis of the acid number and heated for a further three hours at 160 C. in the vacuum produced by an oil pump.
- the slightly yellow wax has a melting point of 101 to 105 C. D can be substituted in the standard paste without change in the properties.
- Example III 198 parts by weight of the reaction product of stearic acid with caprolactam which was prepared in accordance with US. application Serial No. 677,236, filed August 9, 1957, issued to Patent No. 2,956,068 on October 11, 1960 are stirred with 20 parts by weight of pentaerythritol in the presence of 3 parts by weight p-toluenesulfonic acid first of all for 1 hour at 120 C. in a stream of nitrogen and then heated for a further 5 hours in a stream of nitrogen at 180190 C. There is obtained a glass-hard wax which has a melting point of 61 to 65 C. and an acid number of 27. The yellowish wax gives a hard, salve-like standard paste of a bright surface polish which can replace D of the standard paste.
- Example IV 194 parts by weight of an acylamino caproic acid having an acid number of 145 prepared from a hydrogenated tallow fatty acid and caprolactam are esterified with 18 parts by weight of pentaerythritol and 2 parts by weight of toluenesulfonic acid for one hour while stirring at 120 C. and a further eight hours in a stream of nitrogen at 180 C. Thereupon the reaction mixture is treated at 200 C. under the vacuum produced by an oil pump.
- Example V 70.2 parts by weight of stearoylamino undecanoic acid (0.15 mol) are heated with 7 parts by weight of butanediol-1,3 (0.075 mol) in the presence of 0.5 part by weight p-toluenesulfonic acid as esterification catalyst for 8 hours in a stream of carbon dioxide at 160 C. Thereupon, the esterification is continued for a further three hours at the same temperature in a vacuum produced by an oil pump.
- Example VI 70.2 parts by weight stearoylamino undecanoic acid (0.15 mol) are heated with 51 parts by weight of a technical fatty alcohol (0.15 mol) of a hydroxyl number of 165 (obtained from hydrogenated rape oil) in the presence of 1 part by weight p-toluenesulfonic acid as esterification catalyst for four hours in a stream of carbon dioxide at 150 C. Thereupon the esterification is continued for a further six hours at the same temperature in the vacuum produced by an oil pump.
- Example VII 165 parts by weight of the methylester of stcarylaminocaproic acid (0.4 mol) are alcoholized with 18 parts by weight of butane diol-l,3 (0.2 mol) in the presence of 0.16 gram sodium tnethylate at C. for live hours in the vacuum produced by a watcrjet pump. The methyl alcohol is distilled off in this connection through a column.
- esters of acylaminocarboxylic acids of the formula:
- R is an alkyl radical having from 1040 carbon atoms
- n is a whole number from 5-18
- x is a whole numher from 1-3
- an alcohol selected from the group consisting of monohydric alcohols containing from 8-60 carbon atoms and polyhydric alcohols having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms.
- esters of acylaminocarboxylic acids selected from the group consisting of stearylarninocaproic acid and an alcohol selected from the group consisting of monohydric alcohols containing 12-18 carbon atoms, and polyhydric alcohols containing 2-6 carbon atoms.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Description
United States Patent ESTERS 0F ACYLAMINOCARBOXYLIC ACIDS Manfred Dohr, Dusseldorf, and Horst-Jiirgen Krause and Carl Wulfl', Dusseldorf-Benrath, Germany, assignors to Henkel & Cie. G.m.b.H., Dusseldorf-Holthausen, Germany, a corporation of Germany No Drawing. Filed July 7, 1958, Ser. No. 746,606
Claims priority, application Germany July 11, 1957 9 Claims. (Cl. 260-404) This invention relates to the production of synthetic waxes and provides novel esters and novel wax compositions containing these novel esters.
A primary object of the invention is to provide an inexpensive hard wax which is compatible with parafiin wax, has good solvent binding power and can be used as a replacement for the expensive hard wax presently included in paraffin waxes used, for example, for floor and shoe polishing.
It has been found that esters of acylaminocarboxylic acid and long chain monohydric alcohols or polyhydric alcohols can be used for the purposes of the invention.
The aminocarboxylic acids suitable for the purposes of the invention are of the formula:
wherein R is a hydrocarbon radical other than a fully aromatic hydrocarbon radical, n is a whole number of from 3 to 20, conveniently 5, 7 or 10, and x is a Whole number of at least 1 and preferably not more than 3. Desirably x is 1.
The acylaminocarboxylic acids can be prepared from lactams by reacting therewith carboxylic acids, and can be prepared by the method of United States application Serial No. 677,236, filed August 9, 1957, now Patent No. 2,956,068. Alternatively, they can be prepared in known manner by reacting the acyl halides of higher fatty acids with aliphatic amino carboxylic acids in the presence of agents which combine with acid.
Suitable carboxylic acids for providing the radical R in the above formula are those containing a hydrocarbon radical other than a fully aromatic hydrocarbon radical. The hydrocarbon radical can be aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or hydro-aromatic. The radical can contain an aromatic moiety. For example the radical can be joined to the carboxyl group through an aromatic radical. The straight chain and branched chain saturated and unsaturated fatty acids of natural or synthetic origin are particularly well suited for the purposes of the invention. The radical can contain from about 10 to 40 carbon atoms and preferably contains 16 to 24 carbon atoms.
The aminocarboxylic acid can be of such composition that n in the above formula is 320. Advantageously, where the acids are derived from lactams, the lactams contain from to 9 ring atoms in the heterocyclic ring system. Suitable lactams are butyryl lactam, valerolactam, caprolactam, and methylcaprolactam.
Preferred acylaminocarboxylic acids are acylaminocaproic acids having caprolactam radical. S-tearylaminocaproic acid and stearylaminoundecanoic acid are well suited for the purposes of the invention. A preferred ester is the behenylalcoholester of stearylaminocaproic acid. Behenylalcohol is derivable by hydrogenation of rape oil and contains 18 to 22 carbon atoms.
As alcohol component of the esters of the invention there are suitable all long-chain monohydric alcohols. For example, suitable alcohols are mo-nohydric alcohols containing at least about 8 carbon atoms, for example monohydric alcohol containing 12 to 18 carbon atoms such as lauryl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, montanyl alcohol, wax alcohols and their technical mixtures, as well as higher molecular branchedchain primary saturated aliphatic alcohols, obtained for 3,089,883 Patented May 14, 1963 ice instance by condensation of aliphatic alcohols in the presence of the alkali by the method of Guerbet.
In condensation by the Guerbet method, the hydroxyl group of an alcohol molecule reacts with a hydrogen atom present on the 2 carbon atom of the other alcohol molecule with the splitting off of water and the formation of branched alcohol of higher molecular weight which contains in the molecule the same number of carbon atoms as contained together by the two starting alcohols from which the new alcohol has formed. Assuming that the initial alcohol had the formula C H OH, then the alcohol formed has the formula O H WCHADH OII o 2n+l in which p is a whole number from 8 to 30, preferably 10 to 24, and q is a whole number which is 2 smaller than the number p.
Polyhydric alcohols such as ethylene glycol, propane diol, butane diol, hexane diol, cyclohexane diol, diethylene glycol, trimethylol ethane, trimethylol propane, glycerine, pentaerythritol and sorbitol can also be used for the esterification of the acid component.
The reaction of the acylaminocarboxylic acids with the alcohols can be carried out in accordance with the known methods by melt-condensation in the presence of an inert gas or by azeotropic esterification with an entrainment agent, both at elevated or at reduced pressure. The reaction can also be effected in the presence of the known acid or basic esterification catalysts.
The quantity ratios of alcohol to acid components are preferably so selected that the number of carboxyl groups corresponds to the number of hydroxyl groups of the alcohol. The esterification is in general complete when he reaction product still has only an acid number of about 10-30. The unreacted free acid can be converted into magnesium, calcium, aluminum or zinc salts. This is particularly true when employing an excess of acid. A wax ester obtained in this manner can in general be used with the slight traces of free acylaminocarboxylic acid or its salts which still adhere to it. In the case of higher polyalcohols such as pentaerythritol and sorbitol, it is advisable to esterify with an excess of alcohol.
The esters of acylarninocarboxylic acids obtained in this manner, and particularly esters from acylaminoundecanoic acid, constitute excellent hard waxes which are vested with good solvent-binding power, are entirely compatible with parafiin wax and can replace with equivalent etiect the expensive hard wax in the known mixtures for floor and shoe polishing agents. The synthetic waxes in accordance with the invention can be used for instance for floor waxes, leather dressing agents, furniture and automobile polishes, etc. The pastes prepared with the synthetic waxes of the invention are characterized by shiny surface film, good paste hardness and excellent gloss-imparting properties.
Thus the invention provides wax compositions comprising a paraffin wax, a wax solvent, and an acylaminocarboxylic acid ester according to the invention.
The invention will now be described by way of specific embodiments. These are set forth in the following examples.
Example I A known standard paste of the following composition was prepared:
(A) 11.5 parts by weight hard paraflin, melting point (B) 0.5 part by weight of ozokerite.
(C) 1.5 parts by weight of a commercial wax of a melting point 102-106 C. acid number 10-15, saponification number -125, consisting predominantly of the butyleneglycolester of montanic acid.
3 (D) 1.5 parts by weight of a commercial ester wax having the following data: Melting point 7376 C., acid number 6-10, saponification number 95l05.
These components were melted together and stirred with 35 parts by weight of mineral spirits of a temperature of about 80 C.
Waxes C and D are replaced as desired by the ester of the invention to be tested.
80 parts stearoylaminocaproic acid (0.2 mol) are esterified with 54 parts of tallow alcohol (0.2 mol) in the presence of 1 part p-toluenesulfonic acid of 200 C. in a stream of nitrogen for eight hours. There is obtained a hard White wax which has a melting point of 80-83 C.
Upon replacement of C, the standard paste becomes somewhat softer, while upon the replacement of D a very hard paste with an excellent bright surface is obtained which produces an excellent permanent polish on linoleum.
Example II 60 parts by weight of stearoylamino caproic acid (0.15 mol) are heated with 7 parts by weight butanediol-1,4 (0.075 mol) in the presence of 0.5 part by weight p-toluencsulfonic acid for eight hours in a stream of nitrogen at 150 C. Thereupon, the esterification is continued for a further four hours at the same temperature in the vacuum produced by an oil pump.
A hard wax having an acid number 27 is obtained.
This compound is treated with the quantity of calcium hydroxide calculated on basis of the acid number and heated for a further three hours at 160 C. in the vacuum produced by an oil pump.
The slightly yellow wax has a melting point of 101 to 105 C. D can be substituted in the standard paste without change in the properties.
Example III 198 parts by weight of the reaction product of stearic acid with caprolactam which was prepared in accordance with US. application Serial No. 677,236, filed August 9, 1957, issued to Patent No. 2,956,068 on October 11, 1960 are stirred with 20 parts by weight of pentaerythritol in the presence of 3 parts by weight p-toluenesulfonic acid first of all for 1 hour at 120 C. in a stream of nitrogen and then heated for a further 5 hours in a stream of nitrogen at 180190 C. There is obtained a glass-hard wax which has a melting point of 61 to 65 C. and an acid number of 27. The yellowish wax gives a hard, salve-like standard paste of a bright surface polish which can replace D of the standard paste.
Example IV 194 parts by weight of an acylamino caproic acid having an acid number of 145 prepared from a hydrogenated tallow fatty acid and caprolactam are esterified with 18 parts by weight of pentaerythritol and 2 parts by weight of toluenesulfonic acid for one hour while stirring at 120 C. and a further eight hours in a stream of nitrogen at 180 C. Thereupon the reaction mixture is treated at 200 C. under the vacuum produced by an oil pump.
There is obtained a slightly colored wax of a melting point of 85-94 C., an acid number of 23 and a saponification number 143, which can advantageously replace the component D of the standard paste with the same consistency very good surface layer and excellent high polishing properties.
Example V 70.2 parts by weight of stearoylamino undecanoic acid (0.15 mol) are heated with 7 parts by weight of butanediol-1,3 (0.075 mol) in the presence of 0.5 part by weight p-toluenesulfonic acid as esterification catalyst for 8 hours in a stream of carbon dioxide at 160 C. Thereupon, the esterification is continued for a further three hours at the same temperature in a vacuum produced by an oil pump.
There is obtained a very hard white wax of a melting 4 point of 89 to 94 C. Its acid number is 13. The wax gives a very hard salve-like test paste with a bright surface layer which can advantageously replace components C and D of the standard paste. The wax has excellent polish imparting properties and produces a very permanent gloss.
Example VI 70.2 parts by weight stearoylamino undecanoic acid (0.15 mol) are heated with 51 parts by weight of a technical fatty alcohol (0.15 mol) of a hydroxyl number of 165 (obtained from hydrogenated rape oil) in the presence of 1 part by weight p-toluenesulfonic acid as esterification catalyst for four hours in a stream of carbon dioxide at 150 C. Thereupon the esterification is continued for a further six hours at the same temperature in the vacuum produced by an oil pump.
There is obtained a very hard yellowish white wax of a melting point of 90 to 91 C. Its acid number is 11. The wax gives an excellent test paste and can advantageously replace components C and D of the standard paste. The wax which is excellently compatible with parafiin in different mixture ratios also has very excellent polishimparting properties.
Example VII 165 parts by weight of the methylester of stcarylaminocaproic acid (0.4 mol) are alcoholized with 18 parts by weight of butane diol-l,3 (0.2 mol) in the presence of 0.16 gram sodium tnethylate at C. for live hours in the vacuum produced by a watcrjet pump. The methyl alcohol is distilled off in this connection through a column.
There is obtained a very hard slightly colored wax of a melting point of 7476 C.
We claim:
1. Esters of acylaminocarboxylic acids of the formula:
wherein R is an alkyl radical having from 1040 carbon atoms, n is a whole number from 5-18, x is a whole numher from 1-3, and an alcohol selected from the group consisting of monohydric alcohols containing from 8-60 carbon atoms and polyhydric alcohols having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms.
2. Esters of acylaminocarboxylic acids selected from the group consisting of stearylarninocaproic acid and an alcohol selected from the group consisting of monohydric alcohols containing 12-18 carbon atoms, and polyhydric alcohols containing 2-6 carbon atoms.
3. The monoester of stearylaminocaproic acid and tallow alcohol.
4. The diester of stearylaminocaproic acid and butanediol 1,4.
5. The polyester of stearylaminocaproic acid and pentaerythritol.
6. The polyester of tallow fatty acid acylaminocaproic acid and pentaerythritol.
7. The diester of stearylaminoundecanoic acid and butanediol 1,3.
8. The monoester of stearylaminoundecanoic acid and a mixture of fatty alcohols containing from 18 to 22 carbon atoms.
9. The diester of stearylaminocaproic acid and butanediol 1,3.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,063,987 Dreyfus Dec. 15, 1936 2,277,152 Schlack Mar. 24, 1942 2,342,520 Stickdorn Feb. 22, 1944 2,534,129 Howe Dec. 12, 1950 2,607,783 Turinsky Aug. 19, 1952 2,625,489 Keating Jan. 13, 1953 2,686,795 Koehner Aug. 17, 1954 2,762,775 Foehr Sept. 11, 1956
Claims (1)
1. ESTERS OF ACYLAMINOCARBOXYLIC ACIDS OF THE FORMULA:
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3089883X | 1957-07-11 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3089883A true US3089883A (en) | 1963-05-14 |
Family
ID=8086392
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US746606A Expired - Lifetime US3089883A (en) | 1957-07-11 | 1958-07-07 | Esters of acylaminocarboxylic acids |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3089883A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6699902B2 (en) | 2000-12-21 | 2004-03-02 | Beacon Laboratories, Inc. | Acetyloxymethyl esters and methods for using the same |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2063987A (en) * | 1931-09-18 | 1936-12-15 | Dreyfus Henry | Amino carboxylic acid condensation products and process of making them |
| US2277152A (en) * | 1938-12-08 | 1942-03-24 | Du Pont | Preparation of polyamides |
| US2342520A (en) * | 1938-10-15 | 1944-02-22 | Stickdorn Kurt | Luster-imparting surface coating composition |
| US2534129A (en) * | 1949-06-28 | 1950-12-12 | Norton Co | Dry granular mix |
| US2607783A (en) * | 1947-09-05 | 1952-08-19 | Armour & Co | Amidoester waxes and method of forming |
| US2625489A (en) * | 1949-04-13 | 1953-01-13 | Texas Co | Weather-resistant concrete |
| US2686795A (en) * | 1950-11-20 | 1954-08-17 | Lankro Chem Ltd | Carboxylic acid amido-alkyl-amino ester salts |
| US2762775A (en) * | 1953-09-28 | 1956-09-11 | California Research Corp | Wax and polyethylene for filter adhesives |
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1958
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Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2063987A (en) * | 1931-09-18 | 1936-12-15 | Dreyfus Henry | Amino carboxylic acid condensation products and process of making them |
| US2342520A (en) * | 1938-10-15 | 1944-02-22 | Stickdorn Kurt | Luster-imparting surface coating composition |
| US2277152A (en) * | 1938-12-08 | 1942-03-24 | Du Pont | Preparation of polyamides |
| US2607783A (en) * | 1947-09-05 | 1952-08-19 | Armour & Co | Amidoester waxes and method of forming |
| US2625489A (en) * | 1949-04-13 | 1953-01-13 | Texas Co | Weather-resistant concrete |
| US2534129A (en) * | 1949-06-28 | 1950-12-12 | Norton Co | Dry granular mix |
| US2686795A (en) * | 1950-11-20 | 1954-08-17 | Lankro Chem Ltd | Carboxylic acid amido-alkyl-amino ester salts |
| US2762775A (en) * | 1953-09-28 | 1956-09-11 | California Research Corp | Wax and polyethylene for filter adhesives |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6699902B2 (en) | 2000-12-21 | 2004-03-02 | Beacon Laboratories, Inc. | Acetyloxymethyl esters and methods for using the same |
| US6720445B2 (en) | 2000-12-21 | 2004-04-13 | Beacon Laboratories, Inc. | Acetyloxymethyl esters and methods for using the same |
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