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US3078691A - Apparatus for manufacturing fibers - Google Patents

Apparatus for manufacturing fibers Download PDF

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Publication number
US3078691A
US3078691A US779306A US77930658A US3078691A US 3078691 A US3078691 A US 3078691A US 779306 A US779306 A US 779306A US 77930658 A US77930658 A US 77930658A US 3078691 A US3078691 A US 3078691A
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United States
Prior art keywords
centrifuge
fibers
peripheral wall
centrifugal force
annular
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US779306A
Inventor
Charpentier Maurice
Mabru Marcel
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Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA
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Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
    • C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
    • C03B37/04—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by using centrifugal force, e.g. spinning through radial orifices; Construction of the spinner cups therefor
    • C03B37/048—Means for attenuating the spun fibres, e.g. blowers for spinner cups

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the manufacture of fibers from mineral or organic materials brought to the viscous state, and especially of glass fibers.
  • It relates more particularly to apparatus for manufacturing such fibers according to which the molten material is brought on, or in, a body rotating at high speed around its axis. Under the action of the centrifugal force, the material is projected outside said rotating body in the shape of streams or streamlets subsequently submitted to a drawing action transforming them into fibers.
  • the improvement according to the present invention which enables in particular to obtain long fibers, consists in driving the streams, as soon as they have been projected from the rotating body, through a hot zone uniformly surrounding said rotating body and from which are excluded all flames or gaseous jets which might disturb the propagation of said streams.
  • the hot zone may extend to the rotating body itself and help equalize the temperature of the periphery of said body.
  • the present invention enables to stabilize the temperature and limits the hot zone surrounding the centrifuging body and, in particular, to avoid reburning the fibers.
  • the rotating body is located inside a delimitated space or annular chamber brought to high temperature by means of radiating plates or of electric resistors supported by the walls of said delimitated space or annular chamber.
  • the present invention also provides blowing organs located at the outlet of said delimitated space or annular chamber in the shape of a crown surrounding the rotating body so as to remove the long fibers obtained in this way.
  • the rotating body 1 has its periphery provided with a band 2 in which orifices 3 are located.
  • the material such as glass, is brought in the molten state in a distributing organ 4 secured to the rotating body and having orifices 5 through which the material is projected on the internal walls of the band 2.
  • these streams travel through a delimitated space or annular chamber 7 both walls 8 and 9 of which are heated by means of electric resistors ill and 11, respectively located in the stationary annular refractory organ l2 coaxial with the rotating body, and in plate l3, also stationary and refractory, and secured to a bearing organ 14 through which passes the electric conductor 15 feeding the resistor 11.
  • the resistors 16 and ill permit an uniform heating of the delimitated space or annular chamber 7 in which all streams 6 are subjected to an increase of temperature without undesirable action which might disturb their propagation.
  • the delimitated space or annular chamber 7 extends inwardly so as to include the rotating body. This extension of the delimitated space or annular chamber is also heated and electric resistors 18 and 19 are provided therefor on the walls 16 and 17 of the annular organ 12 and of the plate 13, respectively. This part of the delimitated space or annular chamber heats the peripheral band 2 of the rotating body and insures equalization of its temperature.
  • a crown 20 coaxial with the rotating body is provided with an uninterrupted slot or with orifices 21 through which project gaseous jets blowing off and carrying away the fibers 6a after they have gone out of the delimitated space or annular chamber 7.
  • the apparatus according to the present embodiment of the invention may be completed by a protective cylindrical cover 22 coaxial with the rotating body.
  • An apparatus for the manufacture of fibers from heated viscous material including a rotary centrifuge adapted to receive said material in its interior, said centrifuge having a peripheral wall provided with a plurality of superposed rows of orifices therein for projecting said material therethrough in the form of fibers by centrifugal force, a stationary annular refractory element coaxial with the centrifuge and surrounding the upper part of said centrifuge and extending outwardly beyond said peripheral wall, a stationary refractory circular plate located under said centrifuge and extending outwardly beyond said peripheral wall, said element and said plate being closely spaced from said centrifuge to provide an open sided annular chamber closely spaced from and substantially surrounding the centrifuge and extendingbeyond the peripheral wall thereof, heating means carried by said element and said plate, producing a hot zone within said chamber whereby the walls of the centrifuge and the fibers projected therefrom are uniformly heated to the exclusion of any extraneous hot fluid mediums which might affect the uniform propagation of the fibers by centri
  • An apparatus for the manufacture of fibers from heated viscous material including a rotary centrifuge adapted to receive said material in its interior, said centrifuge having a peripheral wall provided with a plurality of superposed rows of orifices therein for projecting said material therethrough in the form of fibers by centrifugal force, a stationary annular refractory element coaxial with the centrifuge and surrounding the upper part of said centrifuge and extending outwardly beyond said peripheral wall, a stationary refractory circular plate located under said centrifuge and extending outwardly beyond said peripheral wall, said element and said plate being closely spaced from said centrifuge to provide an opensided annular chamberzclosely spaced from and substantially surrounding, the centrifuge, andextendingheyond the,
  • t apparatus for the: manufacture? of'. fibers from heated 'viscousnmaterial inclu'dingrrarntam centrifuge adaptedrtotreceive said materialzin its interior; said-cen trifuge having: a. peripheralawall .provided with a plurality ofi superpo'sed rows. of; orifices therein for projecting said material therethrough inthel form of fibersbycentrifugal force, a stationary annular. refractory element coaxial with the "centrifugevandt surrounding the upper part of said centrifuge-and extending. outwardly beyond said peripheraltwallila second stationary refractory circular element located under said centrifuge and extending outwardly beyond 'said peripheral.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Description

Feb. 26, 1963 M. CHARPENTIER ETAL 3,078,691 APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING FIBERS Filed Dec. 10, 1958 INVENTORS MAURICE CHARPENTIER a,
MARCEL MABRU BY We? ATTORNEY United States Patent Ofifice 3,078,691 Patented Feb. 26, 1963 APPARATUS FQR MANUFACTURWG FEBERS Maurice. (Iharpentier, Rantigny, and Marcel Mabru,
Paris, France, assignors to Compagnie de Saint-Subaru,
a corporation of France Filed Dec 10, 1958, Ser. No. 779,396 Claims priority, application France Dec. 12, 1957 6 Claims. (Ci. 65-12) The present invention relates to the manufacture of fibers from mineral or organic materials brought to the viscous state, and especially of glass fibers.
It relates more particularly to apparatus for manufacturing such fibers according to which the molten material is brought on, or in, a body rotating at high speed around its axis. Under the action of the centrifugal force, the material is projected outside said rotating body in the shape of streams or streamlets subsequently submitted to a drawing action transforming them into fibers.
The improvement according to the present invention, which enables in particular to obtain long fibers, consists in driving the streams, as soon as they have been projected from the rotating body, through a hot zone uniformly surrounding said rotating body and from which are excluded all flames or gaseous jets which might disturb the propagation of said streams. According to another feature of the present invention, the hot zone may extend to the rotating body itself and help equalize the temperature of the periphery of said body.
The present invention enables to stabilize the temperature and limits the hot zone surrounding the centrifuging body and, in particular, to avoid reburning the fibers.
According to a particular embodiment of the present invention, the rotating body is located inside a delimitated space or annular chamber brought to high temperature by means of radiating plates or of electric resistors supported by the walls of said delimitated space or annular chamber.
The present invention also provides blowing organs located at the outlet of said delimitated space or annular chamber in the shape of a crown surrounding the rotating body so as to remove the long fibers obtained in this way.
Other features and advantages of the object of the present invention will appear from the following specification which is based on a particular embodiment given by way of example.
This specification refers to the annexed drawing which shows a vertical section along its axis of the rotating body located inside the heated delimitated space or annular chamber according to the invention.
In the embodiment shown, the rotating body 1 has its periphery provided with a band 2 in which orifices 3 are located. The material, such as glass, is brought in the molten state in a distributing organ 4 secured to the rotating body and having orifices 5 through which the material is projected on the internal walls of the band 2.
Under the action of the centrifugal force, the material is projected in the form of streams 6 through the orifices 3.
According to the present invention, these streams, as soon as they have been projected from the orifices 3, travel through a delimitated space or annular chamber 7 both walls 8 and 9 of which are heated by means of electric resistors ill and 11, respectively located in the stationary annular refractory organ l2 coaxial with the rotating body, and in plate l3, also stationary and refractory, and secured to a bearing organ 14 through which passes the electric conductor 15 feeding the resistor 11. The resistors 16 and ill permit an uniform heating of the delimitated space or annular chamber 7 in which all streams 6 are subjected to an increase of temperature without undesirable action which might disturb their propagation.
In the embodiment shown, the delimitated space or annular chamber 7 extends inwardly so as to include the rotating body. This extension of the delimitated space or annular chamber is also heated and electric resistors 18 and 19 are provided therefor on the walls 16 and 17 of the annular organ 12 and of the plate 13, respectively. This part of the delimitated space or annular chamber heats the peripheral band 2 of the rotating body and insures equalization of its temperature.
A crown 20 coaxial with the rotating body is provided with an uninterrupted slot or with orifices 21 through which project gaseous jets blowing off and carrying away the fibers 6a after they have gone out of the delimitated space or annular chamber 7.
The apparatus according to the present embodiment of the invention may be completed by a protective cylindrical cover 22 coaxial with the rotating body.
It must be understood that the present invention is in no way limited to the described embodiment. For instance, besides the heated delimitated space or annular chamber according to the invention, all means may be used enabling to heat the peripheral band of the rotating body, such as high frequency heating, radiant heating, etc. without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
What is claimed is:
1. An apparatus for the manufacture of fibers from heated viscous material including a rotary centrifuge adapted to receive said material in its interior, said centrifuge having a peripheral wall provided with a plurality of superposed rows of orifices therein for projecting said material therethrough in the form of fibers by centrifugal force, a stationary annular refractory element coaxial with the centrifuge and surrounding the upper part of said centrifuge and extending outwardly beyond said peripheral wall, a stationary refractory circular plate located under said centrifuge and extending outwardly beyond said peripheral wall, said element and said plate being closely spaced from said centrifuge to provide an open sided annular chamber closely spaced from and substantially surrounding the centrifuge and extendingbeyond the peripheral wall thereof, heating means carried by said element and said plate, producing a hot zone within said chamber whereby the walls of the centrifuge and the fibers projected therefrom are uniformly heated to the exclusion of any extraneous hot fluid mediums which might affect the uniform propagation of the fibers by centrifugal force.
2. The invention set forth in claim 1, and a hollow crown coaxial with the centrifuge located above and beyond said centrifuge provided with a slot in its bottom wall for the discharge of an annular gaseous jet directed toward said fibers when the same pass out of the hot zone for entraining said fibers and carrying the same downwardly and away from said centrifuge.
3. The invention set forth in claim 2, and an annular wall spaced outwardly from the centrifuge and crown for guiding said gaseous jet downwardly with the fibers entrained therein.
4. An apparatus for the manufacture of fibers from heated viscous material including a rotary centrifuge adapted to receive said material in its interior, said centrifuge having a peripheral wall provided with a plurality of superposed rows of orifices therein for projecting said material therethrough in the form of fibers by centrifugal force, a stationary annular refractory element coaxial with the centrifuge and surrounding the upper part of said centrifuge and extending outwardly beyond said peripheral wall, a stationary refractory circular plate located under said centrifuge and extending outwardly beyond said peripheral wall, said element and said plate being closely spaced from said centrifuge to provide an opensided annular chamberzclosely spaced from and substantially surrounding, the centrifuge, andextendingheyond the,
extraneous hot; fluid mediumstwhich-might affectzthe uni-h formpropagation of. the fibers .by centrifugalforce;v
5. t apparatus for the: manufacture? of'. fibers: from heated 'viscousnmaterial inclu'dingrrarntam centrifuge adaptedrtotreceive said materialzin its interior; said-cen trifuge having: a. peripheralawall .provided with a plurality ofi superpo'sed rows. of; orifices therein for projecting said material therethrough inthel form of fibersbycentrifugal force,a stationary annular. refractory element coaxial with the "centrifugevandt surrounding the upper part of said centrifuge-and extending. outwardly beyond said peripheraltwallila second stationary refractory circular element located under said centrifuge and extending outwardly beyond 'said peripheral. wall; said elements being closely spaced from said centrifuge to provide an open-sided=annular chamber closely spaced from and substantiallysurrounding the centrifuge and extending beyond the peripheral wall thereof, heating means carried by atleast one of said elements for producing a hot zone within said chamber whereby the fibers projected therefrom are uniformly heated to the exclusion of any extraneous hot fluid mediums whichmightaffect the uniform propagation of thevfibers by centrifugal force.
6.,"I'h'eapparatus. setforth in claim 5 wherein the heating means are disposed to uniformly heatthe walls of the centrifuge,
ReferencesaCiledc t tthe file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,816,826 Brennan Dec. 17,195?
2,936,480 Kleist May 17, 1960,
2,949,632 Kleist et a1 Aug. 23, 1960 FOREIGN PATENTS 1,124,487 France July 2, 1956,
1,155,519 France Deer 2, 19,57

Claims (1)

  1. 4. AN APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF FIBERS FROM HEATED VISCOUS MATERIAL INCLUDING A ROTARY CENTRIFUGE ADAPTED TO RECEIVE SAID MATERIAL IN ITS INTERIOR, SAID CENTRIFUGE HAVING A PERIPHERAL WALL PROVIDED WITH A PLURALITY OF SUPERPOSED ROWS OF ORFICES THEREIN FOR PROJECTING SAID MATERIAL THERETHROUGH IN THE FORM OF FIBERS BY CENTRIFUGAL FORCE, A STATIONARY ANNULAR REFRACTORY ELEMENT COAXIAL WITH THE CENTRIFUGE AND SURROUNDING THE UPPER PART OF SAID CENTRIFUGE AND EXTENDING OUTWARDLY BEYOND SAID PERIPHERAL WALL, A STATIONARY REFRACTORY CIRCULAR PLATE LOCATED UNDER SAID CENTRIFUGE AND EXTENDING OUTWARDLY BEYOND SAID PERIPHERAL WALL, SAID ELEMENT AND SAID PLATE BEING CLOSELY SPACED FROM SAID CENTRIFUGE TO PROVIDE AN OPENSIDED ANNULAR CHAMBER CLOSELY SPACED FROM AND SUBSTANTIALLY SURROUNDING THE CENTRIFUGE AND EXTENDING BEYOND THE PERIPHERAL WALL THEREOF, HEATING MEANS FOR PRODUCING A HOT ZONE WITHIN SAID CHAMBER WHEREBY THE FIBERS PROJECTED THEREFROM ARE UNIFORMLY HEATED TO THE EXCLUSION OF ANY EXTRANEOUS HOT FLUID MEDIUMS WHICH MIGHT AFFECT THE UNIFORM PROPAGATION OF THE FIBERS BY CENTRIFUGAL FORCE.
US779306A 1956-07-02 1958-12-10 Apparatus for manufacturing fibers Expired - Lifetime US3078691A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1030529X 1956-07-02
FR3078691X 1957-12-12

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US668227A Expired - Lifetime US3077092A (en) 1956-07-02 1957-06-26 Manufacture of fibers, particularly glass fibers
US779306A Expired - Lifetime US3078691A (en) 1956-07-02 1958-12-10 Apparatus for manufacturing fibers

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US668227A Expired - Lifetime US3077092A (en) 1956-07-02 1957-06-26 Manufacture of fibers, particularly glass fibers

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US (2) US3077092A (en)
BE (1) BE558895A (en)
CH (2) CH338277A (en)
DE (2) DE1030529B (en)
FR (2) FR1155519A (en)
GB (2) GB820526A (en)
NL (3) NL128699C (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3304164A (en) * 1963-02-27 1967-02-14 Saint Gobain Apparatus for producing fine glass fibers
US5779760A (en) * 1996-09-30 1998-07-14 Owens Corning Fiberglas Technology, Inc. Fiber manufacturing spinner
US20070000286A1 (en) * 2005-07-01 2007-01-04 Gavin Patrick M Fiberizing spinner for the manufacture of low diameter, high quality fibers
US20080229786A1 (en) * 2007-03-21 2008-09-25 Gavin Patrick M Rotary Fiberizer

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL234032A (en) * 1956-07-02
US3044110A (en) * 1957-12-23 1962-07-17 Selas Corp Of America Fiber blowing apparatus
NL244677A (en) * 1958-10-27
US3252777A (en) * 1959-08-07 1966-05-24 Saint Gobain Apparatus for the manufacture of fibers, particularly glass fibers
NL254642A (en) * 1959-08-07
NL121342C (en) * 1959-08-12
US4767431A (en) * 1987-02-26 1988-08-30 Glass Incorporated International Production of micro glass fibers
US5326241A (en) * 1991-04-25 1994-07-05 Schuller International, Inc. Apparatus for producing organic fibers
US5785996A (en) * 1996-11-27 1998-07-28 Owens Corning Fiberglas Technology, Inc. Fiber manufacturing spinner and fiberizer

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1124487A (en) * 1955-02-28 1956-10-12 Saint Gobain Further development in the manufacture of fibers, in particular glass fibers
US2816826A (en) * 1952-11-04 1957-12-17 Joseph B Brennan Apparatus for and method of producing metal powders and metal strips
FR1155519A (en) * 1956-07-02 1958-05-05 Saint Gobain Improvement in the manufacture of fibers, in particular glass fibers
US2936480A (en) * 1956-05-21 1960-05-17 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Method and apparatus for the attenuation of heat softenable materials into fibers
US2949632A (en) * 1958-10-27 1960-08-23 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Apparatus for centrifugally forming fibers

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AT110095B (en) * 1927-04-16 1928-06-25 Chem Fab Stockerau Dr Felix Po Process for the production of glass threads.
BE457297A (en) * 1934-05-20
US2431205A (en) * 1943-09-08 1947-11-18 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Apparatus for manufacturing fibrous glass
GB575210A (en) * 1944-03-06 1946-02-07 Dudley Seaton King Improvements relating to the production of metal in the form of powder or granules
US2525970A (en) * 1946-01-23 1950-10-17 Locke Spier & Company 1928 Ltd Process and apparatus for manufacture of shellac
US2624912A (en) * 1946-05-31 1953-01-13 Saint Gobain Process and apparatus for the production of fibers from thermoplastics
US2565941A (en) * 1946-06-17 1951-08-28 Reconstruction Finance Corp Method and apparatus for producing laminated materials
US2535888A (en) * 1947-12-12 1950-12-26 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Feeder for molten thermoplastic materials
US2609566A (en) * 1948-12-31 1952-09-09 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Method and apparatus for forming fibers

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2816826A (en) * 1952-11-04 1957-12-17 Joseph B Brennan Apparatus for and method of producing metal powders and metal strips
FR1124487A (en) * 1955-02-28 1956-10-12 Saint Gobain Further development in the manufacture of fibers, in particular glass fibers
US2936480A (en) * 1956-05-21 1960-05-17 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Method and apparatus for the attenuation of heat softenable materials into fibers
FR1155519A (en) * 1956-07-02 1958-05-05 Saint Gobain Improvement in the manufacture of fibers, in particular glass fibers
US2949632A (en) * 1958-10-27 1960-08-23 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Apparatus for centrifugally forming fibers

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3304164A (en) * 1963-02-27 1967-02-14 Saint Gobain Apparatus for producing fine glass fibers
US5779760A (en) * 1996-09-30 1998-07-14 Owens Corning Fiberglas Technology, Inc. Fiber manufacturing spinner
US6167729B1 (en) 1996-09-30 2001-01-02 Owens Corning Fiberglas Technology, Inc. Fiber manufacturing spinner
US20070000286A1 (en) * 2005-07-01 2007-01-04 Gavin Patrick M Fiberizing spinner for the manufacture of low diameter, high quality fibers
US20080229786A1 (en) * 2007-03-21 2008-09-25 Gavin Patrick M Rotary Fiberizer
US8250884B2 (en) 2007-03-21 2012-08-28 Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc Rotary fiberizer

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Publication number Publication date
FR1155519A (en) 1958-05-05
NL218561A (en)
GB844991A (en) 1960-08-17
BE558895A (en) 1958-01-02
CH354543A (en) 1961-05-31
DE1030529B (en) 1958-05-22
US3077092A (en) 1963-02-12
DE1289614B (en) 1969-02-20
CH338277A (en) 1959-05-15
NL234032A (en)
FR1205850A (en) 1960-02-04
NL128699C (en)
GB820526A (en) 1959-09-23

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