US2997983A - Device for marking patterns on cloth - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 29, 1961 B. N. NocK 2,997,983

DEVICE FOR MARKING PATTERNS ON CLOTH Filed March 28, 1955 IN V EN TOR.

United States Patent O i 2,997,983 DEVICE FOR MARKING PATTERNS ON CLOTH Berta N. Nock, 2580 N. Moreland Blvd., Shaker Heights, Ohio Filed Mar. 28, 1955, Ser. No. 497,143 1 Claim. (Cl. 120`13) This invention relates to a device for marking the guiding points of patterns onto cloth to be cut according to the pattern.

In my prior Patent No. 2,541,435, @granted February 13, 1951, is shown a device by which two marking chalks are caused to be aligned and engage and rotate upon the cloth to be marked. The present invention constitutes an improvement and modification of that type of pattern marker, which may be more cheaply manufactured, is more convenient to use, and which avoids certain difficulties encountered in the use of the device of my prior patent and other devices in which aligned chalks are caused to rotate on the cloth.

One of the difficulties encountered in bringing two chalks together and rotating them is that the chalks wear unevenly, chip, and resist turning, imth resulting crumbling and waste and consequent required frequent -replacement of the chalks.

An object of the present invention is to use a single rotating chalk on one of a pair of coacting arms in the general nature of shears with handles adapted to be grasped by one hand to position and bring the marker to bear upon the cloth at the proper point indicated by the pattern, and a specic object is to provide a coacting aligned member which serves to center and guide the chalk as it is .brought against a cupped or concave surface.

A further object is to form in such coacting and locating member chalk trimming shoulders or surfaces in the nature of radial or spiral ribs and grooves.

In carrying out the invention of the aforesaid patent, and for purposes of more cheaply manufacturing such a device, it has been designed for making the pair of arms and handles of plastic material. A large number of such devices have been manufactured by thermoplastic injection. An economical, suitable, and artistic appearing material capable of being so molded is somewhat resilient and it is particularly desirable to effect a centering of the chalk with its coacting pattern mark locater and trimming member.

When two chalks were rotatably mounted on such a pair of arms and caused to rotate by pressure when brought together, it sometimes occurred, particularly when marking on thin cloth or when the crayons or chalks are brought directly together without cloth between, that defacement or chipping and waste of the chalk markers has resulted.

Furthermore, an advantage attained 'by the present invention is that in using only one chalk and causing it to rotate as it is brought against the reaction member on the opposing carrier arm, the chalk carrier with spiral cam rotating arrangement need not be duplicated, as is required in the structures of my prior patent. Likewise, other devices which use a pair of chalk holders in opposed aligned relation rnust provide means for rotating both of the chalk members simultaneously in opposite directions. Thus, a considerable economy is effected by using a pattern mark pointer and reaction member toward which the single chalk is pressed and guided and turned when marking cloth according to a pattern. i

The use of two chalks had an advantage where the marking indicia on the pattern comprised a series of locating, spaced openings or holes in the paper or theI like sheet of the pattern proper. However, a great many '2,997,983 Patented Aug. 29 1961` lCCiy patterns for dresses and other [garments are now made with printed indicia and it is -a disadvantage to have the marker comprise two rotating chalks or crayons the one of which bears upon and may obliterate the printed marks, or unnecessarily wear and possibly tear the pattern material.

My present invention, therefore, contemplates placing the reaction and marklocator -at the indicated point on the pattern while the rotatable chalk is brought toward it on the opposite side of the cloth from that to which the pattern is afxed. Thus, for the great majorityv'of patterns, a single mark is effected at each actuation' and at each location, and with the same or greater accuracy than has heretofore been attained with the pair of aligned; rotating chalks.

In the instances where it may lbe desirable to mark on both sides of the single layer of cloth, or to simultaneously mark two layers pinned or suitably secured to the pattern, I have found that when the cup-shaped reaction and trimming element is pressed against the chalk, a residual deposit of the chalk material will remain upon and be carried by the stationary, non-rotating reaction and locating member. A number of satisfactory/,clearly visible marks may be made by such deposit of powdered chalk before again bringing the chalk directly against thecup-shaped surface with its chalk trimming and abrading elements for a fresh supply. This abrading action simultaneously rounds and smooths the end of the chalk. The diameter of the mark made by the powder or residual chalk carried on the stationary member may be the same size, or only slightly larger than the diameter of the chalk.

Other incidental advantages and objects will become apparent in the following description which relates to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating the marker 1n use;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary, sectional detail of the chalk carrier and stationary reaction member with a cloth and pattern therebetween indicated in broken lines;

FIG. 3 is a detail plan view of the end of the trimming and reaction member;

FIG. 4 is a fragmentary view of -a modified form of locater and reaction member and the aligned chalk;

FIG. 5 is a similar view in the nature of a section taken on the line 5-5 of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a fragmentary view of a pair of aligned chalks showing the result of chipping heretofore experi-y enced on bringing the chalks together;

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the chalk holder;

FIG. 8 is an elevation of the carrier and turning member for the chalk holder;

FIG. 9 is an enlarged section of the end of the carrier arm showing the returned cam;

FIG. l0 is a plan view of a modified form of the trimming and reaction member; and

FIG. 11 is a fragmentary view of another form of mounting for the reaction member.

One form of my improved marker comprises essen` tially a pair of curved arms 1 and 2 pivoted together at 3 and each made integral with a suitable scissors ori shears-type of handle 4 and 5. At the end of the arni 1 is an enlarged head portion 10 which has a bore closed at the upper end at 11 and which receives the reaction j member here shown as comprising a cylindrical element 12 having a flange 13 securely fitted to the head mem-j ber 10. The member 12 may have a small central bore, as shown, and for convenience and toyshorten the molding time, is made of thermoplastic material. -This' bore- The outer end of the member 12 is prefer-ably'made concave, -as indicated iat 1.4, fand mayA be provided with' radial grooves preferably interspersed with still finer lines or grooves having an abrasive and trimming effect o n the end of the chalk or crayon.

' flheether anni?. terminatesin :a cylindrical Yhead vportion l2f), into which is slidably fitted the Vcrayon holder proper which is in the form of the -cylinder 23 with an enlarged bore portionf24 to receive the chalk member 22 tightly tted therein. 'j Trunnions 25 are molded integrally with this piece, which also may be made of thermoplastic material. These ltr-unnions coact with cam surfaces to turn back the-chalk as will presently appear.

The member 23 slidably fts into the bore 26, which extends inwardly lto the-shoulders between it Aand Ythe enlarged cylindrical portion 27, between Vwhich-is formed a spiral shoulder 28 along which-the 'trunnions 25 may move to turn the chalk in `one direction. The cylinder 23 "also slidably iits into a cylinder 30, which in turn ts within the bore 27 Where it may be removably secured by a bayonet-attaching arrangement comprising a slot shaped as shown at 29 engaging the trunnions or pins 34. The outer end of the cylinder 30 is closed and a liange 31 projects outwardly over the adjacent wall of the cylindrical head 20.

The spring 35 acts `against a rotating and slidable disk 36 which has a central opening through which passes a pin 37, anchored to the end of the cylinder 30, and which limits the upward movement of the spring while permitting the chalk and its carrier to be moved downwardly a distance suiiicient to turn approximately a half turn, or nearly 180 Idegrees. The return movement under the actiony of the spring-35 causes theftrunnions 25 to bear against the cam surfaces 28 and effect a rotation in reverse direction.

The slopes of the cams Z8 should be as steep as is practicable,Y preferably at a spiral angle of about 60 degrees relative to a radial plane, so that only slight pressure is needed to cause the chalk to berturned against the cloth or when being pressed into the trimming surface 14.

VIt will be seen that with the central opening in the member 12 causes the chalk to take on the appearance indicated in FIG. 2 -after each rotating contact with the surface 14 and its ribs or abrasive shoulders 15.

As a slightly modified form, one of the arms indicated as 1a in FIGS. 4 and 5, kmay be brought to a saucer-like head the same ysize or slightly larger than the diameter-of the chalk as indicated at 40, While a concave surface 41 therein is provided with abrasive ribs and grooves or-similarly acting shoulder surfaces adapted to contact and smooth and trim the ends ofthe chalk or crayon.

As indicated, this concave `effect assures centering and alignment of the chalk with the reaction member 12 or 40 when it is located on the pattern or when it is placed within the opening inthe pattern P and presses directly against the cloth C as shown in FIG. 2. This is particu- `larly useful in marking thin, very pliable cloth.

It has been found that when the crayon is brought against the trimming surface of the `stationary reaction member and further pressure applied, the consequent turning of the chalk effects a slight abrasion, trimming and shaping of the end of the chalk. The chalk so removed by this trimming action, being scraped by the shoulders of the grooves 15 or 42, is deposited on and tends to adhere to the surface. Thus', a residue of powdered chalk or crayon on the surface 14 or 41', and in the grooves thereon, may be applied to the cloth 'through a marking opening in the pattern. That is, when the arms are actuated to bring the rotating chalk against the opposite side of the cloth, this ridnal chalk powder on the 'non-rotating member is pressed onto the cloth and leaves a visible, satisfactory mark on the cloth, on the side'op'poite to that made by the turning chalk.

Thus, lboth sides ofthe cloth or two layers of kcloth may be marked in the same fashion as vdescribedlin my prior patent. A fresh deposit of `'chalk powder may'be JY'2,997,983 a i placed upon the stationary reaction member after maklll -ing each mark corresponding to each hole in the pattern. However, I have found that frequently as many as six to a dozen visible marks may be made without redepositing chalk on the surface of the ,reaction member.

When the chalk turns against the reaction member, -an appreciable resistance to the turning is encountered. More effective application of turning force is attained by the pronounced steepness of the angle ofthe cam surfaces 32. The surface of the reaction member may be minutely roughened instead of forming shoulders or grooves such as 15. Y

The Ymodified form-of surface, shown in FIG. l0, illustrates curving 4the abrasive and trimming grooves and shoulders in the direction of the turning of the crayon to further lessen resistance to turning the chalk. The grooves 43 being curved inwardly toward the center are there shown as terminating atfthe central opening 44.

In FIG. 1l the reaction member is shown as slidably mounted in the bore of the head portion, there designated 10a, and is shown as comprising a cylindrical 'member 50 'slidable in a reduced portion of the bore, while a flange 51 fits a surface of slightly larger diameter in which is mounted a spring 55 pressing against the Vmember S0 and held by a cap 56 secured thereon. A slight projection, indicated at 58, on the ange may slide Vin a groove 59 extending longitudinally in the bore to prevent turning of the-reaction member 50 as the chalk turns.

Thus, when the arms 1 and 2 are brought together and the chalk is pressed either directly against the member 50 or with the cloth interposed, the member slides a short distance longitudinally against the resistance of the Spring 5-5. The chalk or cloth engaging face of the member may be flat or dished, and roughened for abrading the chalk as heretofore described.

The arms I1 and 2 are -both shown as curved, which facilitates rolling or folding the cloth between them while reaching markings on the pattern remote from its edge andthe edges of the cloth. However, these arms may fbe of any suitable character, it being only necessary that they guide the chalk holder and the reaction member into aligned coacting position. Mutually bringing aligned chalks to bear on cloth is recognized aslan old principle as shown, for example, in the patent to Holt 737,102 of August 25, 1903, where a device generally similar to that of FIG. 1 causes opposed pattern Vmarking chalks to produce dots on opposite sides of a piece of cloth.

lFor convenience in working on cloth while the cloth and pattern are spread on a at surface, it may be desirable to thrust one arm underneath the cloth, in which case one arm maybe made straight and flat with relation lto cloth and surface. In fact,'the reaction member and chalk may be carried at the free ends of a U-shaped strip of resilient metal, one arm of which may pass benea-th the cloth as does one of the arms in the for-m shown in the drawing. The chalk is turned 4as before by pressing :the chalk and reaction member together.

It will also be seen that the parts being made of thermoplastic material, such, -for example, as polystyrene or similar materials suitable for injection molding may be made of any colors desired. Thus, an artistic effect may be attained.

The Vuse of the pattern marker such as described constitutes a novel seriesof steps in that'the chalk is rst trimmed -to present a surface parallel to 1and Vcomplementary with the coacting pressure reaction surface on the opposing arm.

When marking upon both sides of one or two sheets of fabric, the one side is marked by the pressing and turning of the chalk against the fabric, while the opposing reaction surface is pressed against the opposite surface of the fabric, or second sheet. The process includes an additional step, namely: the trimming of the chalk and abrading a minute portion from the end of the chalk contacting the complementary reaction surface. The portion of the chalk so removed by this abradiug and trimming action remains on the coacting surface, and it may be deposited on the opposite side of the cloth .from that against which the chalk, or crayon member is being pressed and turned. Thus, the cloth may be marked on both sides at once, as described.

A further advantage of this series of steps, and of my novel marker construction for carrying out the steps, is that the abradiug and trimming shoulders, formed on the reaction pressure surface, have a gripping function when engaging the cloth, thus resisting the tendency of the cloth to turn with the chalk at the area between the crayon and the surface. This avoids twisting or wrinklng of thin pliable fabric sheets while being so marked.

Having thus described :my invention, I claim:

A pattern marking device comprising in combination a chalk holder and a chalk marking element carried thereby and means for rotating the chalk While being pressed against cloth to 'be marked, a non-rotatable reaction pressure member having a marking surface adapted lto engage the cloth on the side opposite the chalk, relatively movable carrer arms being mutually connected to bring the chalk holder and pressure surface into alignment on opposite sides of the cloth, the cloth contacting sur-face of the chalk and said reaction pressure marking surface having parallel complementary surfaces, and the reaction pressure surface being provided with abradiug chalk trimming ribs, whereby, when the chalk is brought into contact therewith and rotated thereagainst, chalk is deposited thereon and the adjacent end of the chalk is thus trimmed and shaped thereby, said reaction marking surface being concave and complementary in respect to the adjacent trimmed end surface of the rotating chalk marking element.

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,732,017 Jenkins Oct. 15, 1929 2,148,009 Bing Feb. 21, 1939 2,323,595 Hanisch July 6, 1943 2,541,435 Nock Feb. 13, 1951 2,572,682 Urish Oct. 23, 19'51 FOREIGN PATENTS 232,026 Germany Mar. 4, 1911

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