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US2981665A - Internal structure for heat and mass exchanging columns - Google Patents

Internal structure for heat and mass exchanging columns Download PDF

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Publication number
US2981665A
US2981665A US722350A US72235058A US2981665A US 2981665 A US2981665 A US 2981665A US 722350 A US722350 A US 722350A US 72235058 A US72235058 A US 72235058A US 2981665 A US2981665 A US 2981665A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
liquid
enclosure
vapor
inlet
heat
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US722350A
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English (en)
Inventor
Kloss Hans-Joachim
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Julius Montz GmbH
Original Assignee
Julius Montz GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Julius Montz GmbH filed Critical Julius Montz GmbH
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2981665A publication Critical patent/US2981665A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F25/00—Component parts of trickle coolers
    • F28F25/02—Component parts of trickle coolers for distributing, circulating, and accumulating liquid
    • F28F25/08—Splashing boards or grids, e.g. for converting liquid sprays into liquid films; Elements or beds for increasing the area of the contact surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/32—Packing elements in the form of grids or built-up elements for forming a unit or module inside the apparatus for mass or heat transfer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/32—Details relating to packing elements in the form of grids or built-up elements for forming a unit of module inside the apparatus for mass or heat transfer
    • B01J2219/322—Basic shape of the elements
    • B01J2219/32279—Tubes or cylinders
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S261/00—Gas and liquid contact apparatus
    • Y10S261/72—Packing elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an internal structure for conducting a liquid trickling downwards inside a heat or mass exchanger column.
  • the object of providing such internal structures is to conduct liquids which interact by heat or mass exchange in countercurrent with vapors in such manner that the transfer rate will be optimal. It is desirable that such structures should offer the minimum possible resistance to the flow of the vapors. This is a matter of especial importance in columns which operate at a fairly high vacuum, because in such circumstances even minor changes in pressure have a much greater effect on the boiling point of a liquid than in the region of normal atmospheric or higher pressures.
  • the invention therefore contemplates the provision of an internal structure which will conduct the liquid through the current of vapor in the form of a uniform film without offering stirfaces that will not be washed by the film.
  • the invention therefore proposes to provide aninternal structure consisting of narrow ribbons or Wires; arranged to occupy an overall vertical length within which they descend steadily downwards but constantly change: their though not into actual contact, that within the gap be tween the coils the liquid is held and lead by cavitation.
  • the cross section of the ribbons or wires may be adapted to the prevailing conditions, for instance to the viscosity of the liquid. Their cross section may be round, oval, V-shaped or U-shaped. In any event the width of the ribbons or strips should be small.” Generally speaking, in order of magnitude, a width of a few millimeters will be appropriate.
  • the helically coiled ribbons may be crossconnected by bridge members for maintaining their spacing.
  • the ribbons or wires may also be arranged in spaced pairs, so that a considerably greater amount of liquid is held between the ribbons as on single ribbons or wires.
  • the proposed structure may consist of a hollow cylindrical tube with helically slotted walls to form a plurality of parallel helical ribbons andbetween neighboring ribbons leaving bridge members.
  • a particularly useful form of construction of such a structure is to form the hollow cylindrical tube of a helically coiled strip which is several times as wide as the ribbons formed by slotting said strip, in such manner that between neighboring convolutions a gap will remain.
  • Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of a heat and/or mass exchanger column with internal structures contrived as proposed by the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of internal structure
  • Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of another helically wound internal structure with two helical lines of differing diameter
  • Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section of ahelically wound internal structure with three helical lines
  • Fig. 5 is a hollow tube element of the internal structure
  • Fig. 6 is a sheet metal ribbon for forming an element according to Fig. 5;
  • Fig. 7 is another hollow tube element of the internal structure with slots oblique to the middle line of the sheet metal ribbon forming the element;
  • Fig. 8 is the sheet metal ribbon forming the element of Fig. 7.
  • the column comprises a bottom chamber 12, a central, chamber 2 and an upper chamber 3.
  • the lower chamber 12 is separated from the central chamber 2 in the column by a dividing floor e.
  • a helically wound I upper chamber 3 issimilarly separated from the central direction in such manner thatthe length of each *indichamber 2 by adividing floor 5.
  • Fixed to floor 5 is a majornumber ofvertical tubes 6 which project through floor 4 into the lower, chamber 12, of the column.
  • the lower chamber 12 of the column has an inlet opening. 7 for the admission of the vapor which is to interact by heat or mass exchange withthe liquid, Moreovencha'mber 2 is provided with an inlet 10 and an outlet 9 for a coolant.
  • a branch S I may be connected with amenhaustingor vacuum system and may possibly be used for the withdrawal of vapor.
  • the lower extremity off each tube 6 carries a stirrup 11 for attachment thereto offan internal structure or helical. spring 1' of which.
  • the invention is by no means confined to this form of construction.
  • the important feature of the invention is that the ribbons or wires shall descend but constantly change their direction in such manner that each ribbon or wire will conduct the liquid through the vapor along a path which is several times as long as that traversed by the vapor which may flow longitudinally or transversely into relation thereto.
  • Fig. 2 shows two circular wires 1a, 1b wound to two coaxial and parallel helical lines with a coil distance w and with a coil diameter a.
  • the helical lines In axial direction the helical lines have a constant distance a within which the liquid is lead by cavitation as indicated at 14.
  • Fig. 3 shows two circular wires 10, 1d with differing diameters d d and with a coil distance W.
  • the horizontal distance a between the wires 1c,'1d is such that the liquid is lead between these wires at 15 by cavitation.
  • Fig. 4 shows a similar arrangement with three helically wound wires 12, 1 1g.
  • the element illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6 consists of two similar helically coiled sheet metal strips which are provided with longitudinal slots 16, 16', 16" which divide the strip into four narrow ribbons 17, 18, 19 and 20.
  • the slots are interrupted by transverse bridge members connecting neighboring ribbons together.
  • the'ribbons 17 and 18 are cross-connected by bridge members 21 and the ribbons 18 and 19 by bridge members 22.
  • the bridge members 21 and 22 are no wider than necessary to hold the neighboring ribbons together and they are therefore approximately as wide as the ribbons 17, 18, 19, 20 themselves. If possible they maybe even narrower.
  • the bridge members 21 and 22 are staggered in such a way that a droplet of liquid trickling from one ribbon 17 acrossa bridge member 21 to the neighboring ribbon 18 cannot cross overthe bridge member 22 which connects this ribbon 18 with the next following ribbon 19 until Figs. 7 and 8 show an hollow tube element formed by an helically wound strip 25.
  • the slots 23, 24 formed on the strip 25 run oblique to the middle line of the strip 25 and are staggered such way that the liquid trickles along the slot 23 .or 24 and, after leaving one 7 of the slots, 23 or 24, along the next slot 23 or 24 following in the direction of the strip 25.' In this way no liquid can collect in the lower part of the strip by traversing the bridge members of the slots, but the liquid trickles down uniformly.
  • an elongated hollow substantially vertical en closure having a vapor inlet and a vapor outlet located at a higher elevation than said inlet so that vapor entering said enclosure through said inlet moves upwardly along the interior of said enclosure to said outlet; condensing means located in said enclosure at an elevation higher than said inlet and lower than said outlet for condensing at least some of the vapor moving upwardly along the interior of said enclosure toward said outlet; and a plurality of elongated liquid film supporting elements arranged substantially vertically in said enclosure at an elevation higher than said inlet and beneath said condensing means communicating with the latter to re ceive the condensed liquid therefrom and to guide the liquid in the form of film along said film supporting elements downwardly in said enclosure in countercurrent to the upwardly moving vapor, said plurality of film supporting elements each having a length several times greater than the distance between its ends and said film supporting elements being located close to but out of contact with each other and out of contact with said enclosure so that the condensed liquid
  • said condensing means comprises a plurality of condensing elements, equal to said plurality of liquid film supporting elements, said liquid film supporting elements respectively communicating with said condensing elements.
  • each of said individual film supporting elements being shaped as a small-pitch spiral having spaced turns and a narrow slowly descending channel extending substantially the length of said spiral, the axial length of said spiral exceeding several times its width.
  • each of said spirals comprising two coaxial equal-pitch, equal-diameter helices, the pitch of said helices exceeding their axial spacing to form a narrow slowly descending channel therebetween.
  • each of said spirals comprising two coaxial equal-pitch different diameter helices, the turns of said helices being aligned in horizontal planes'to form a narrow slowly descending channel therebetween.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
US722350A 1957-03-18 1958-03-18 Internal structure for heat and mass exchanging columns Expired - Lifetime US2981665A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEM33597A DE1102701B (de) 1957-03-18 1957-03-18 Einbauten fuer Waerme- und Stoffaustausch-kolonnen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2981665A true US2981665A (en) 1961-04-25

Family

ID=7301794

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US722350A Expired - Lifetime US2981665A (en) 1957-03-18 1958-03-18 Internal structure for heat and mass exchanging columns

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US2981665A (de)
DE (1) DE1102701B (de)
FR (1) FR1193405A (de)
GB (1) GB843045A (de)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3480689A (en) * 1967-05-10 1969-11-25 Sun Oil Co Cracking of hydrocarbons
US4781797A (en) * 1985-06-10 1988-11-01 Energy Conservation Partnership, Ltd. Apparatus for the recovery of gas dissolved in flue condensate
US4900403A (en) * 1987-09-11 1990-02-13 Energy Conservation Partnership, Ltd. Recovery of gas dissolved in flue condensate
WO2003076065A1 (de) * 2002-03-08 2003-09-18 INSTITUT FüR MIKROTECHNIK MAINZ GMBH Führungsstrukturreaktor
US20090065957A1 (en) * 2005-04-15 2009-03-12 Chien-Pei Mao Integrated fuel injection and mixing systems for fuel reformers and methods of using the same
US20100180766A1 (en) * 2007-03-20 2010-07-22 Pascal Alix Packing structure for fluid containing column and manufacturing method

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5450485A (en) * 1977-09-29 1979-04-20 Kobe Steel Ltd Try for rectifying column
DE2848678A1 (de) * 1978-11-09 1980-05-22 Bayer Ag Packung zum einbau in kolonnen, apparate bzw. rohre in der verfahrenstechnik
MX168173B (es) * 1983-06-21 1993-05-07 Glitsch Empaque de metal foraminado y metodo para manufacturarlo
EP0300506B1 (de) * 1983-06-21 1995-06-14 Glitsch, Inc. Füllkörper aus gefalteten Metallplatten
DE202014102836U1 (de) 2014-06-23 2015-09-24 B+M Textil Gmbh & Co. Kg Kühlaggregat
DE202018102141U1 (de) 2018-04-18 2018-05-24 Reinhard Koch Kühlturm mit Böden zum Verdunsten und/oder zur Kondensation von Wasser

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB104163A (en) * 1916-01-29 1917-10-11 Georges Edmond Darier Improvements relating to the Fractional Distillation of Liquids, the Washing of Gases by Liquids and the Cooling of Gases and Liquids.
US1494989A (en) * 1920-04-27 1924-05-20 Bregeat Corp Filling element for gas and liquid contact apparatus
DE449935C (de) * 1927-10-01 H W Schaefer Fa Spiralfoermiger Fuellkoerper fuer Absorptions- und Reaktionstuerme, Destilliergefaesse u. dgl.
US2143904A (en) * 1937-02-27 1939-01-17 Nat Aniline & Chem Co Inc Reflux distributor for gas liquid contact apparatus
US2332110A (en) * 1941-01-02 1943-10-19 Benjamin B Schneider Packing for fractionating columns
US2370462A (en) * 1941-06-04 1945-02-27 Distillation Products Inc Vacuum distillation process and apparatus
US2608528A (en) * 1949-03-11 1952-08-26 Sinclair Res Lab Inc Microstill

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE7433C (de) * KÖRNER & CO. in Berlin SW., Lindenstrafse 90 Selbsttätige Regelvorrichtungen an dem verschliefsbaren Petroleumbehälter für Schiebelaro pe'n
CH9213A (de) * 1894-09-24 1895-04-30 Eduard Theisen Neuerung an Verdampf- und Kühlapparaten
AT29843B (de) * 1906-07-25 1907-09-10 Sauerstoff Und Stickstoff Ind Rektifikations- und Destillations-Apparat.
FR437788A (fr) * 1910-12-31 1912-04-30 F De Larderel & C En Liquidation Appareil évaporateur continu pour liquides
DE682293C (de) * 1935-04-08 1939-10-12 Peter Madsen Gegenstromwascher fuer Gase und Daempfe

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE449935C (de) * 1927-10-01 H W Schaefer Fa Spiralfoermiger Fuellkoerper fuer Absorptions- und Reaktionstuerme, Destilliergefaesse u. dgl.
GB104163A (en) * 1916-01-29 1917-10-11 Georges Edmond Darier Improvements relating to the Fractional Distillation of Liquids, the Washing of Gases by Liquids and the Cooling of Gases and Liquids.
US1494989A (en) * 1920-04-27 1924-05-20 Bregeat Corp Filling element for gas and liquid contact apparatus
US2143904A (en) * 1937-02-27 1939-01-17 Nat Aniline & Chem Co Inc Reflux distributor for gas liquid contact apparatus
US2332110A (en) * 1941-01-02 1943-10-19 Benjamin B Schneider Packing for fractionating columns
US2370462A (en) * 1941-06-04 1945-02-27 Distillation Products Inc Vacuum distillation process and apparatus
US2608528A (en) * 1949-03-11 1952-08-26 Sinclair Res Lab Inc Microstill

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3480689A (en) * 1967-05-10 1969-11-25 Sun Oil Co Cracking of hydrocarbons
US4781797A (en) * 1985-06-10 1988-11-01 Energy Conservation Partnership, Ltd. Apparatus for the recovery of gas dissolved in flue condensate
US4900403A (en) * 1987-09-11 1990-02-13 Energy Conservation Partnership, Ltd. Recovery of gas dissolved in flue condensate
WO2003076065A1 (de) * 2002-03-08 2003-09-18 INSTITUT FüR MIKROTECHNIK MAINZ GMBH Führungsstrukturreaktor
US20090065957A1 (en) * 2005-04-15 2009-03-12 Chien-Pei Mao Integrated fuel injection and mixing systems for fuel reformers and methods of using the same
US7547002B2 (en) * 2005-04-15 2009-06-16 Delavan Inc Integrated fuel injection and mixing systems for fuel reformers and methods of using the same
US20100180766A1 (en) * 2007-03-20 2010-07-22 Pascal Alix Packing structure for fluid containing column and manufacturing method
US8505884B2 (en) * 2007-03-20 2013-08-13 IFP Energies Nouvelles Packing structure for fluid containing column and manufacturing method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB843045A (en) 1960-08-04
DE1102701B (de) 1961-03-23
FR1193405A (fr) 1959-11-03

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