US2812298A - Protective coating and process of producing same - Google Patents
Protective coating and process of producing same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2812298A US2812298A US486730A US48673055A US2812298A US 2812298 A US2812298 A US 2812298A US 486730 A US486730 A US 486730A US 48673055 A US48673055 A US 48673055A US 2812298 A US2812298 A US 2812298A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- ounces
- protective coating
- ammonium
- electroplating
- coating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium molybdate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000018660 ammonium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011609 ammonium molybdate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229940010552 ammonium molybdate Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- QIXQKSUQOREWDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;sulfo cyanate Chemical compound N.OS(=O)(=O)OC#N QIXQKSUQOREWDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001166 ammonium sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical group [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 15
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 description 8
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PCEXQRKSUSSDFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mn].[Mo] Chemical compound [Mn].[Mo] PCEXQRKSUSSDFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000006770 Xenia Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000002751 molybdenum Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012811 non-conductive material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/56—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
- Y10S428/9335—Product by special process
- Y10S428/934—Electrical process
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
- Y10T428/12611—Oxide-containing component
- Y10T428/12618—Plural oxides
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12785—Group IIB metal-base component
- Y10T428/12792—Zn-base component
- Y10T428/12799—Next to Fe-base component [e.g., galvanized]
Definitions
- This invention relates to a protective coating and the process of producing the same and more particularly to a protective coating of manganese and molybdenum for use in protecting metallic parts, such as iron, steel and brass, although not necessarily limited to these particular metallic parts.
- An object of this invention is to produce a protective coating deposited electrolytically from a solution containing manganese sulphate and ammonium molybdate.
- Another object of this invention is to provide a manganese molybdenum coating which is applied electrolytically to a steel part having first been treated with a flash of zinc.
- Another object of this invention is the process of coating the article including the steps of providing a bath containing manganese sulphate, ammonium sulphate, ammonium sulphocyanate, and ammonium molybdate and electrolytically depositing manganese and molybdenum salts upon the articles.
- the part to be coated if a ferrous part, may first have a flash of zinc applied thereto electrolytically.
- the zinc flash may be very thin, in which case it may be applied by passing current through a suitable zinc solution, in which the part is submenged for only a couple of minutes.
- a suitable solution or bath for use in depositing the manganese molybdenum plating may consist of-- Manganese sulphate, (MnSO44HzO), 12-16 ozs. per
- This solution may be heated to a temperature of 140 F., and then electrolytically deposited upon the metal part to be plated, this part functioning as a cathode.
- This temperature is not critical.
- a stainless steel anode may be used.
- the article is used as a cathode.
- the current density and the voltage is not very critical.
- a current density of to 17 amperes per square foot utilizing 3 to 5 volts direct current may be used for electro- P 2,812,298- Patented N0? 5, 195,7
- 'Ihis coating is a binary oxide, which consists of MnOzMoOz, deposited on the metal.
- the finish gives excellent results as far as corrosions are concerned. It will not readily peel.
- the resulting finish is a smooth lustrous black coating.
- the following is an example of a coating solution that has been used and produces excellent results:
- Ammonium sulphate ((NH4)2S04), 10 ozs. per gallon of water;
- the coating may consist of approximately 26.9% manganese, 43.8% molybdenum and 29.2% oxide. These percentages are merely an example, in that the percentages vary, depending upon the concentration of the solution, the voltage used and the current flowing through the solution, as well as possibly other factors, such as the time of the deposition and the temperature of the solution.
- the plating may also be done by the barrel plating process.
- the articles to be coated are placed in an apertured barrel or perforated barrel of non-conductive material. This perforated non-conducting barrel is put into the solution or bath.
- the container for the solution may function as the anode.
- Danglers are mounted in the perforated barrel and positioned among the articles to be coated. These danglers form the other electrode for conducting current to the articles functioning as cathodes.
- the method of electroplating a protective coating upon ferrous parts including the steps of electroplating a flash coating of zinc on the part followed by electroplating upon the part functioning as cathode, a protective coating from a solution consisting essentially of 13 ounces of manganese sulphate, 10 ounces of ammonium sulphate, 8 ounces of ammonium sulphocyanate, and 5 ounces of ammonium molybdate, the above compounds being dissolved in Water the amounts being in ozs./ga1., the current density being in the range of 5 to 17 amperes per square foot.
- An aqueous solution for use in electroplating a binary oxide coating of MnOzMoOz said solution consisting essentially of 13 ounces of manganese sulphate, 10 ounces of ammonium sulphate, 8 ounces of ammonium sulphocyanate, and 5 ounces of ammonium molybdate, the amounts being in ozs./gal.
- the method of electroplating a protective coating upon ferrous parts including the steps of electroplating a flash coating of zinc on the part followed by the electroplating upon the parts functioning as cathodes having a current density within the range of 5 to 17 amperes per square foot a protective coating from a solution consisting of 12 to 16 ounces of manganese sulphate, 9
- ammonium sulphocyanate 3 to 5 ounces of ammonium molybdate, the above compounds being dissolved in water the amounts being in oz./ gal.
- An aqueous solution for use in electroplating a binary oxide coating of MnOzMoOz said solution consisting essentially of 12 to 16 ounces of manganese sulphate, 9 to 12 ounces of ammonium sulphate, 7.5 to
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electroplating And Plating Baths Therefor (AREA)
Description
United States PatentO PROTECTIVE COATING AND PROCESS OF PRODUCING SAME Robert H. Hardoen, Xenia, Ohio, assignor to Hohman lglating & Mfg. Inc., Dayton, Ohio, a corporation of N Drawing. Application February 7, 1955, Serial No. 486,730
4 Claims. (Cl. 204-40) This invention relates to a protective coating and the process of producing the same and more particularly to a protective coating of manganese and molybdenum for use in protecting metallic parts, such as iron, steel and brass, although not necessarily limited to these particular metallic parts.
This application is a continuation-in-part of my application Serial No. 230,688, filed June 8, 1951, for Protective Coating and Process of Producing Same, now abandoned.
An object of this invention is to produce a protective coating deposited electrolytically from a solution containing manganese sulphate and ammonium molybdate.
Another object of this invention is to provide a manganese molybdenum coating which is applied electrolytically to a steel part having first been treated with a flash of zinc.
Another object of this invention is the process of coating the article including the steps of providing a bath containing manganese sulphate, ammonium sulphate, ammonium sulphocyanate, and ammonium molybdate and electrolytically depositing manganese and molybdenum salts upon the articles.
Other objects and advantages reside in the combination of ingredients and the process of utilizing the same, as will become more apparent from the following description.
The process and ingredients used in producing this coating will now be described. The part to be coated, if a ferrous part, may first have a flash of zinc applied thereto electrolytically. The zinc flash may be very thin, in which case it may be applied by passing current through a suitable zinc solution, in which the part is submenged for only a couple of minutes.
A suitable solution or bath for use in depositing the manganese molybdenum plating may consist of-- Manganese sulphate, (MnSO44HzO), 12-16 ozs. per
gallon of water;
Ammonium sulphate, ((NH4)2SO4), 9-12 ozs. per
gallon of water;
Ammonium sulphocyanate, (NHlCNS), 7.5-10 ozs. per
gallon of water;
Ammonium molybdate, (NH4)1oMo12O41, 3-5 ozs. per
gallon of water;
This solution may be heated to a temperature of 140 F., and then electrolytically deposited upon the metal part to be plated, this part functioning as a cathode. This temperature is not critical. A stainless steel anode may be used. The article is used as a cathode. The current density and the voltage is not very critical. A current density of to 17 amperes per square foot utilizing 3 to 5 volts direct current may be used for electro- P 2,812,298- Patented N0? 5, 195,7
depositing the part to be plated. 'Ihis coating is a binary oxide, which consists of MnOzMoOz, deposited on the metal. The finish gives excellent results as far as corrosions are concerned. It will not readily peel. The resulting finish is a smooth lustrous black coating. The following is an example of a coating solution that has been used and produces excellent results:
Manganese sulphate, (MnSO44H2O), 13 ozs. per gallon of water;
Ammonium sulphate, ((NH4)2S04), 10 ozs. per gallon of water;
Ammonium sulphocyanate, (NH-1CNS), 8 ozs. per gallon of water;
Ammonium molybdate, (NI-I4)1oM012O41, 5 ozs. per
gallon of water.
By using a solution as set forth above, the coating may consist of approximately 26.9% manganese, 43.8% molybdenum and 29.2% oxide. These percentages are merely an example, in that the percentages vary, depending upon the concentration of the solution, the voltage used and the current flowing through the solution, as well as possibly other factors, such as the time of the deposition and the temperature of the solution.
The plating may also be done by the barrel plating process. In the barrel process, the articles to be coated are placed in an apertured barrel or perforated barrel of non-conductive material. This perforated non-conducting barrel is put into the solution or bath. The container for the solution may function as the anode. Danglers are mounted in the perforated barrel and positioned among the articles to be coated. These danglers form the other electrode for conducting current to the articles functioning as cathodes.
Although the preferred embodiment of the process has been described, it will be understood that within the purview of this invention various changes maybe made in the form, proportions and ingredients and the combination thereof, which generally stated consist in a method and a compound capable of carrying out the objects set forth, as disclosed and defined in the appended claims.
Having thus described my invention, I claim:
1. The method of electroplating a protective coating upon ferrous parts including the steps of electroplating a flash coating of zinc on the part followed by electroplating upon the part functioning as cathode, a protective coating from a solution consisting essentially of 13 ounces of manganese sulphate, 10 ounces of ammonium sulphate, 8 ounces of ammonium sulphocyanate, and 5 ounces of ammonium molybdate, the above compounds being dissolved in Water the amounts being in ozs./ga1., the current density being in the range of 5 to 17 amperes per square foot.
2. An aqueous solution for use in electroplating a binary oxide coating of MnOzMoOz, said solution consisting essentially of 13 ounces of manganese sulphate, 10 ounces of ammonium sulphate, 8 ounces of ammonium sulphocyanate, and 5 ounces of ammonium molybdate, the amounts being in ozs./gal.
3. The method of electroplating a protective coating upon ferrous parts including the steps of electroplating a flash coating of zinc on the part followed by the electroplating upon the parts functioning as cathodes having a current density within the range of 5 to 17 amperes per square foot a protective coating from a solution consisting of 12 to 16 ounces of manganese sulphate, 9
of ammonium sulphocyanate, and 3 to 5 ounces of ammonium molybdate, the above compounds being dissolved in water the amounts being in oz./ gal.
4. An aqueous solution for use in electroplating a binary oxide coating of MnOzMoOz said solution consisting essentially of 12 to 16 ounces of manganese sulphate, 9 to 12 ounces of ammonium sulphate, 7.5 to
10 ounces of ammonium sulphocyanate, and 5 ounces of ammonium molybdate the amounts being in ozs./-gal.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS
Claims (1)
1. THE METHOD OF ELECTROPLATING A PROTECTIVE COATING UPON FERROUS PARTS INCLUDING THE STEPS OF ELECTROPLATING A FLASH COATING OF ZINC ON THE PART FOLLOWED BY ELECTROPLATING UPON THE PART FUNCTIONING AS CATHODE, A PROTECTIVE COATING FROM A SOLUTION CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF 13 OUNCES OF MANGANESE SULPHARE, 10 OUNCES OF AMMONIUM SULPHATE, 8 OUNCES OF AMMONIUM SULPHOCYANATE, AND 5 OUNCES OF AMMONIUM MOLYBDATE, AND ABOVE COMPOUNDS BEING DISSOLVED IN WATER THE AMOUNTS BEING IN OZS./GAL., THE CURRENT DENSITY BEING IN THE RANGE OF 5 TO 17 AMPERES PER SQUARE FOOT.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US486730A US2812298A (en) | 1955-02-07 | 1955-02-07 | Protective coating and process of producing same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US486730A US2812298A (en) | 1955-02-07 | 1955-02-07 | Protective coating and process of producing same |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2812298A true US2812298A (en) | 1957-11-05 |
Family
ID=23933034
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US486730A Expired - Lifetime US2812298A (en) | 1955-02-07 | 1955-02-07 | Protective coating and process of producing same |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2812298A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4269904A (en) * | 1978-06-05 | 1981-05-26 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Manganese surface coated steel materials |
| US4298661A (en) * | 1978-06-05 | 1981-11-03 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Surface treated steel materials |
| US11078573B2 (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2021-08-03 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Method for producing a steel product with a Zn coating and a tribologically active layer deposited on the coating, and a steel product produced according to said method |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1352208A (en) * | 1919-04-24 | 1920-09-07 | Benjamin F Lovelace | Method of producing oxid or oxids of manganese |
| US2380044A (en) * | 1940-06-28 | 1945-07-10 | Du Pont | Process for producing electrodeposits |
| US2482308A (en) * | 1947-02-21 | 1949-09-20 | Du Pont | Catalyst preparation |
-
1955
- 1955-02-07 US US486730A patent/US2812298A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1352208A (en) * | 1919-04-24 | 1920-09-07 | Benjamin F Lovelace | Method of producing oxid or oxids of manganese |
| US2380044A (en) * | 1940-06-28 | 1945-07-10 | Du Pont | Process for producing electrodeposits |
| US2482308A (en) * | 1947-02-21 | 1949-09-20 | Du Pont | Catalyst preparation |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4269904A (en) * | 1978-06-05 | 1981-05-26 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Manganese surface coated steel materials |
| US4298661A (en) * | 1978-06-05 | 1981-11-03 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Surface treated steel materials |
| US11078573B2 (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2021-08-03 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Method for producing a steel product with a Zn coating and a tribologically active layer deposited on the coating, and a steel product produced according to said method |
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