US2806585A - Typographical casting machine - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 17, 1957 w. B. ABB TT EI'AL TYPOGRAPHICAL CASTING MACHINE 8 SheetsSI 1eet l Filed Sept. a, 1953 ITTORNE'YS N R m M v 1 s M M uw L H Wm w Mm III, mm M bm ,,.Vm., .NN. u

v Sept. 17, 1957 w. B. ABBOTT ET AL 2,806,585

TYPOGRAPHICAL CASTING MACHINE Filed Sept. 5, 1953 8 Sheets-Sheet 2 1i]Imllllllllllllllllllllllllllwv VENTOR. W/LL/A B. ABBUTT WILL/AM J THOMPSON ATTORNEYS Sept. 17, 1957 Filed Sept. 5, 1953 YULLI W. B. ABBOTT ETAL TYPOGRAPHICAL CASTING MACHINE 8 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR. .WILLIAM B ABBOTT WILLIAM J THOMPSON LOU/8 ROSSETTO p 7, 57 w. B. A'BBo TT Em 2,806,585

TYPOGRAPHICAL CASTING MACHINE 8 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Sept. 3, 1953 5 LEFT HAND JAW ,aa Q RIGHT HAND JAW 45w 1Q 45b I 46 A. Wu, v ,g j r I 2/ A sasowo o. 53

.MW CLOSING- JAW III?

INVENTOR,

WILL/AM B ABBOTT W/LL /AM J THOMPSON LOU/S ROSSETTO ATTORNEYS Sept. 17, 1957 w. B. ABBOTT ET AL 2,806,585

TYPOGRAPHICAL CASTING MACHINE Filed Sept. 3, 1953 8 Sheets-Sheet 5 REGULAR RH JAW OUADD/NG CENTER/N6 as? L./-/. JAW buAoo/A/c I rma 40r W40 1 ace L 51 a" I, I a. 7 .a' I Mr 4 50 NEUTRAL 52 50 HIGH PRESSURE CLOSING gaga im -zzdn A 1 'II'EN'I'OR. WILL/A B. ABBOTT WILL /A M J. THOMPSON LOU/5 ROSSETTO Sept. 17, 1957 WE. ABBOTT ETAL TYPOGRAPHICAL CASTING MACHINE Filed Spt.

8 Sheets-Sheet 6 TN Z. mm m N BMT m mA E n N m8 4,. I s

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awma Sept. 17, 1957 w B. ABBOTT ET AL 2,806,585 TYPOGRAPHICAL CASTING MACHINE Filed Sept. 3 1953 8 Sheets-Sheet '7 F .24: v 61 a2 91 1-590 .30

59 /7/, 470. f L W4) INVEN'I'OR. WILL/AM B. ABBOTT WILL/AM J THOMPSON LOU/S ROSSETTO A TTUR NE Y5 W. B. ABBOTT ET AL TYPOGRAPHICAL CASTING MACHINE Sept. 17, 1957 8 Sheets-Sheet 8 Filed Sept. 5, 1953 INZ'EN'I'OR. WILL/AM B ABBOTT WILLIAM J THOMPSON LOU/8 ROSSETTO United States Patent 2,806,585 TYPOGRAPHICAL CASTING MACHINE William B. Abbott, Baldwin, Louis Rossetto, Kings Point, and William J. Thompson, Jamaica, N. Y., assignors to Mergenthaler Linotype Company, a corporation of New York Application September 3, 1953, Serial No. 373,268 28 Claims. (Cl. 199-50) This invention is directed to an improved quadding and centering mechanism for typographical casting machines of the Linotype class. The general objects of the invention are to provide a device which is inexpensive to manufacture and install, which is reliable and efficient in operation, and which is adapted for manual or automatic control.

Specifically, the improved mechanism is operated by hydraulic pressure, comprising a closed liquid circulating system which includes two double-acting cylinder and piston devices, one connected to each of the line clamping jaws, a liquid reservoir, a continuously operated pump for circulating the liquid through the system, a selector valve for rendering either one or both of the cylinder and piston devices effective for a quadding or centering operation or for rendering both of said devices ineffective for a regular machine operation, and an automatically operated slide valve for controlling the timing and pressures of the system. The machine conditioning means may be manual or automatic, such means serving to adjust the selector valve to the desired or pre-selected position. The exact construction and operation of the mechanism will best be understood from the detailed description to follow.

Other related improvements will also be pointed out, such as an automatic lock for the justification mechanism and an improved vise jaw closing mechanism which is operated during regular machine operation. 7

The improved mechanism herein shown and described has been designed as an attachment which may not only be applied to new machines but also, without much effort orexpense, to old or existing machines designed only for regular operation.

Referring to the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a partial end elevation of a Linotype machine equipped with the present improvements;

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the driving mechanism for the machine and the rotary pump forming part of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the vise frame of the machine, showing the manner in which the quadding and centeringattachment is applied thereto;

Fig. 4 is a vertical section taken on the line 44 of Fig. 3, looking in the direction of the arrows;

Fig. 5 is an enlarged front view of a portion of the quadding and-centering mechanism shown in Fig. 3, with certain parts removed or broken away in order to more clearly illustrate certain features;

Fig. 6 is a left side elevation of the manual machine conditioning device shown in Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is a section taken on the line-77 of'Fig. 6, looking in the direction of the arrows;

Fig. 8 is a sectional view, partly diagrammatic, of the hydraulic system which characterizes the. invention;

Figs. 9 to 12am diagrammatic views, shown in section, of theselector valve in its four different positions for regular, right hand jaw quadding, centering and left hand jaw quadding operations, respectively; .f

Figs. 13 to 1'6 are diagrammatic viewsshowing'the' four ice different positions of the automatic slide valve during a machine cycle;

Fig. 17 is an enlarged top view of the selector valve in the regular position;

Fig. 18 is a top plan view of the vise jaw operating mechanism with certain partsbroken away;

Fig. 19 is a perspective view, partly in section, of the rise closing mechanism;

Fig. 20 is a view similar to Fig. 1 but showing the quadding and centering mechanism as modified for operation by an automatic control unit;

Fig. 21 is an enlarged view of cam controlled levers shown in Fig. 20;

Fig. 22 is a front view of the .parts shown in Fig. .21;

Fig. 23 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 2323 of Fig. 21, looking in the direction of the arrows;

'Fig. 24 is a .view similar to Fig. 8 but showing the modified version;

Fig. 25 is a front view -.of the automatic adjusting mechanism for the selector valve of the modified version, with certain parts broken away for purposes of clarity; and

Figs. 26 to 29 are top plan views illustrating theautomatic mechanism shown in Fig. 25 in different adjusted positions.

In the regular operation of the machine, the character bearing matrices and expansible spacebands are composed in line and ultimately delivered to a vertically 'movable transporter or first elevator (not shown) which-descends to position the line between a left-hand jaw .1 and a right-hand jaw 2 (see Fig. v3) and-in front of a slotted mold (not shown), which latter then advances into-contact with the line .and the two clamping jaws for the slug casting operation. Prior to the casting operation, the line is properly aligned in the usual waywith respect to the mold, and the line is justified, that is tosay, the wedgeshaped spaceba-nds are driven upwardly by a horizontal justification bar 3 to -expand the .line between the fi-xed jaws. The justification bar 3 is .pivotally supported at its opposite ends by two vertical rods '4and 5 guidedin the vise frame A of the machine, and the movement of the rods is effected, as usual, by a pair of spring-actuated fore-and-aft levers controlled by cams on the main cam shaft B-of the machine. The justification lever controlling the operation of the rod 5 has notbeen shown, but the lever controlling the operation of the rod 4 is shown in the drawings and is designated by the reference numeral 6. Generally speaking, thereare two separate operations in the justification of a composed line: the'first is a preliminary operation which drives the rod 5 upwardly, raising the justification bar 3 in canted position, the angle thereof being determined by the engagement of 'the -un- Y driven end of the bar 3 with the diagonal 'brace 7- which rises with the rod 5; the'second operation occurs-after the return of the-rod 5 to its lower'position, and before casting, and involves both cam-actuated levers which drive the rods 4 and 5 upwardly in synchronism for the final justification of the line between the clamping jaws.

As shown in Fig. 3, the lever 6 has two arms 6 and 6 the arm 6* being operatively connected to the rod '4 and the arm 6 beingconnected by a rod 8 to a closing and releasing mechanism for the left-hand jaw which will be further described below.

After the slug has been cast, the line is raised by the first elevator to an upper transfer level, and the line re moved therefrom preparatory to the separation of the matrices and spacebands and their return to individual storage magazines. The first elevator then is lowered to its intermediate level or line receiving position just before the machine cycle is completed.

As usual, the vise jaws 1 and 2 are rigidly. attached to horizontally disposed jaw blocks 1 and-2 respectively, which jaw blocks are slidably mounted in the vise "frame A of the machine (see Fig. 18). The left-hand jaw block 1 is longitudinally displaceable to enable the left-hand jaw to be adjusted toward and away from the right-hand jaw to accommodate lines of different length or measure. Such adjustment of the left-hand jaw is effected by a screw rod 15 cooperatively engaged with a threaded opening in the jaw block 1 At'the right, the screw rod 15 has a telescopic connection with a rotatable sleeve 17, the sleeve passing through a plain longitudinal bore formed in the right-hand jaw block 2*, so that the rotation of the sleeve has no effect on the jaw block 2 To provide for the telescopic connection, the screw rod 15 is formed with one or more flat portions which engage with similar flat portions in the interior of the sleeve 17, the object being that the rotation of the sleeve will effect the rotation of the screw rod to translate the left-hand jaw toward and away from the right-hand jaw, while the telescopic connection still leaves the left-hand jaw and the block 1 free to be independently moved toward and away from the right-hand jaw during quadding and centering operations. As thus far described, the adjustment of the lefthand jaw is substantially the same as disclosed in the Brandenburg Patent No. 2,247,986.

The line clamping jaws 1 and 2 are operable to co operate with lines of less than full length so as to cast slugs with blank spaces at either end, as for quadding, or at both ends for centering. In quadding with the left-hand jaw, the right-hand jaw 2 remains stationary; in quadding with the right-hand jaw, the left-hand jaw remains stationary; and in quadding with both jaws or centering," the two jaws move equidistantly toward each other.

According to the present invention, these various movements of the jaws are effected under controlled hydraulic pressure by means of two horizontally disposed double-acting pistons and 11 (see Figs. 8 and 18), the piston 10 being arranged in line with and operatively connected to the left-hand jaw block 1 and the piston 11 being arranged in line with and operatively connected to the right-hand jaw block 2 The pistons and 11 travel in opposite directions within parallel side by side cylinders 12 and 13, respectively, formed in a housing C which is preferably attached to the left side of the vise frame A. As shown in Fig. 8, the right ends of the cylinders 12 and 13 are plugged with piston rod sealing bushings 80. The piston 11) is attached to the left end of a piston rod 10 and the piston 11 to the left end of a piston rod 11 the piston rod 141* traveling in a rightward direction to close the left-hand jaw 1, and the piston rod 11 traveling in a leftward direction to close the right-hand jaw 2. A toothed rack 14 forms a direct connection between the piston rod 16 and the screw rod 15, the right end of the rack and the left end of the rod being swiveled together for the rotation of the rod. As before explained, the left-hand vise jaw block 1* is threaded on the screw rod, so that the longitudinal movements of the screw rod by the two-way piston 10 will effect the quadding and return movement of the left-hand vise jaw 1. The piston rod 11 is also connected directly to the right-hand jaw block 2 by another toothed rack 16, which will thus effect the quadding and return movements of the righthand jaw as the two-way piston 11 is operated. The teeth of the racks 14 and 16 face each other so that they may mesh at opposite sides with a small horizontal pinion 18.

As best shown in Figs. 5 and 6, the pinion 18 is attached to a vertical shaft 19 which extends between upper and lower bearing arms 20* of a horizontal yoke 2t) mounted on the vise frame. The shaft 19 is axially movable in the bearing arms to adjust the pinion 18 to two different positions or levels under control of a knob 21, namely, an upper position for centering operations and a lower position for regular, and quadding operations. As shown in Fig. 6, the teeth of the rack 16 are wide enough to remain always in mesh with the pinion, whereas the teeth of the rack 14 are narrower, being formed only along a top strip of the rack, so that the pinion will mesh with the rack only in the upper position of the pinion (corresponding to the centering position). In other words, the vise jaws 1 and 2 are operatively connected through the racks 14 and 16 and the pinion 18 only for centering operations, and for all other operations, the pinion is out of engagement with the rack 14.

The control knob 21 effects the vertical movement of the pinion through a mechanical connection (Figs. 6 and 7) which includes a rotatable shaft 22 to which the knob is mounted, a cam 23 mounted centrally on the shaft, and a vertical slide 24 to which the lower end of the shaft 1 is pinned, the rotation of the cam 23 engaging an upper roller 24 of the slide to raise the slide and a lower roller 24' thereof to lower the slide. Since the pinion is intended to be in its lower position for quadding with the right-hand jaw or the left-hand jaw or for regular machine operations, the radius of the cam 23 is constant when the knob 21 is turned to these three positions, the high point of the cam engaging the lower roller 24* however, when the control knob is turned to the centering position, the inclined high point of the cam engages the upper roller 24 and thereby raises the pinion 18 into engagement with the rack 14.

The fore-and-aft shaft 22 is rotatable within a housing D attached to the front of a larger bracket E, the latter being mounted on the vise frame A, and the housing and the bracket both serve as the necessary bearings for the rotatable shaft. The control knob 21 is concentrically mounted on the front end of the shaft 22, and the four operative positions thereof are appropriately marked thereon, so that they can be positioned with reference to a stationary marker. The knob is properly located and retained in each position by a spring and ball detent.

In addition to controlling the position of the pinion 18, the control knob 21 adjusts a rotary type selector valve 27 (see Figs. 8 to 12 and 17) to each of four different positions. The selector valve 27 is rotatably mounted in the housing C, and rings 27 and 27 (see Fig. 17) as Well as the outer periphery 27 of the valve proper serve as bearing surfaces. A pinion 28 is rigidly secured to a rearwardly extending stub 2.7 of the selector valve, and rotation of said pinion is effected from the knob 21 through a pinion 29 attached to the rear end of the shaft 22 and a long horizontal rack 3ft which meshes with both of the pinions 23 and 29 (Fig. 5). The rack 31') travels beneath a horizontal ledge of the bracket E (Fig. 6) and is maintained in mesh with the pinion 29 by a roller 31 which engages the upper smooth surface of the rack; the other end of the rack travels in a guide provided for it in the housing C.

The purpose of the rotary selector valve 27 is to establish hydraulic passages to either or both of the cylinders 12 and 13 for quadding and centering operations, and to bypass the flow of the hydraulic fluid from both cylinders during regular operation. As most clearly shown in Fig. 8, the hydraulic fluid is stored in a tank or reservoir 33 located near the base of the machine and suspended below a housing 40 from a special bracket H bolted to the main frame F of the machine (see Fig. 20), and the hydraulic fluid is circulated through the system by means of a continuously operated rotary gear pump 34 also mounted (see Fig. 2) on the main frame F. The pump 34 is driven from an electric motor G which drives the main cam shaft B of the machine in the usual manner through a mechanical power transmission which includes a small pinion 38, a large gear 35 loosely mounted on the main clutch shaft, and a friction clutch 39, the drive for the pump 34 being taken off the large continuously driven gear 36 by a small pinion 37.

The cycle of operation of the hydraulic system is controlled from the main cam shaft B of the machine by a complex slide-type valve contained within the housing 40. AS shown in Fig. 1, a more or less centrally pivoted lever 42 is provided with a cam follower roller 42 which'is maintained in contact with the contour of a special cam 41 on the main shaft B by a tension spring 43 acting on the lower end of the lever. The lower end of the lever 42 is connected to a valve rod 40 by a link 44 pivotal at both ends.

The slide valve unit contained Within the housing 40 controls the sequence of the various operations and movements of the jaws during quadding and centering operations. These operations are as follows: After the line is received between the jaws, the quadding jaw (or jaws) is moved into engagement with the composed line; between first and second justification, the pressure on the jaw (or jaws) is relieved to make possible last minute alignment of the matrices with respect to the mold; then the full pressure on the jaw (or jaws) is restored for the casting operation; after casting, the pressure is again relaxed, but the jaws are still maintained under some pressure in wiping contact with the ends of the line to remove any excess metal from the end matrices and the vise jaws and finally, the jaw (or jaws) is returned to its original or full length position preparatory to receiving the next line.

The above slide valve unit comprises the cam actuated rod 40 operable within an upper cylindrical valve chamber 40, a lower horizontal pressure chamber 40 connected to the valve chamber 46 by ports 40 and 40 at both ends of the chamber 40, conduits 45, 46, 47 and 48 leading into the valve chamber 40* at spaced intervals, and three cylindrical slide valve heads 40 40 .and 40 located within the cylinder 40 and spaced along a connecting rod 40 In addition to their functions as valve heads, the end rods 40 and 40 serve as seals to prevent the fluid from leaking out of the valve unit.

There are two connections between the Valve cylinder 46 and the reservoir 33. One is by way of the pressure chamber 40 through a spring-closed relief type valve 50; the other is directly through a vertical passage 51 (normally closed by the valve head 40*) and a spring-closed relief type valve 52. It may here be pointed out that the pressure required to open the valve 50 is much greater than that required to open the valve 52. Also, an open passage 58 formed in the housing C connects the conduit line 46 (an exhaust line) directly with the reservoir 33.

The rotary selector valve 27 is formed with a 180 grooved passage 53 around the outside, as well as a rightangular passage 54 extending through the center of the valve and having connected ports or openings '54 and 54 (see Fig. 17) 90 apart; each of the ports 54 and 54 is 45 from an opposite end of the grooved passage 53. The rotary valve also is provided with a fore-and-aft outside channel 55 centrally located between the ports 54* and 54 and leading into a circular groove 56 situated between the rear face of the valve 27 and the annular rim 27 (Fig. 17). Fluid flowing into the groove 56 from the channel 55 returns to the reservoir 33 via a passageway Sfi, which leads into the conduit line 46 and thence into the open passage 58 emptying into the reservoir.

The rotary valve 27 establishes different paths of flow for the fluid between four ports in the housing C, the four ports being 90 apart (Figs. 8 to 12). The port 47 at the right is connected to the slide valve unit by the conduit 47; the port 60* at the bottom leads to the cylinder 12 by way of the pipe line 60, the fluid traveling in that direction acting on the piston to close the left-hand jaw 11; the port 46 at the left is connected to the exhaust conduit 46; and the port 61 at the top leads directly to the cylinder 13, the fluid flowing in that direction producing the closing action of the right-hand jaw 2.

As shown in Fig. 8, the rotary pump 34 is connected at its inlet or suction side by a conduit 57 to the reservoir 33 and at its outlet or pressure side by the conduit 48 to the valve housing 49, the fluid (oil) being circulated continuously through the system. Preferably, the hydraulic system is closed, air free and filled with liquid. at all times.

The position of the rotary selector valve 27 when the knob 21 :is turned forquad'ding with the right hand jaw is shown in Fig. '10. The rotation of the knob 21 to'this position, as explained above, leaves the pinion 18 in its lower position, disengaged from the rack 14. At the beginning of the machine cycle, the slide Valve is in the neutral and at-rest position shown in Fig. 13, the fluid being pumped from the pressure line 48 (see Fig. 8) into the valve chamber 40 and then around "the valve head 40 into the open passage '58 for return to 'the reservoir 33. During the machine cycle, the depression 41 on the slide valve control cam 41 (Fig. 1)rnoves the rod 40 to the high pressure closing position shown in Fig. 14, at which position the fluid is directed from the line 48 to the jaw closing line 47 and then through the port 47 into the passage 54 of the valve 27, and finally from the passage 54 through the port 61 into the cylinder 13, forcing the piston 11 to the left until the right-hand jaw 2 engages the end of the line; when the further movement of the piston 11 is prevented and the pressure of the system builds up in the chamber 40 the opening of the high pressure "relief valve 50"will stabilize the condition and permit the return of the fluid to the reservoir 33. The slide valve is next actuated by the raised surface 41 of the cam 41 which brings the slide to the low pressure closing position represented in Fig. 15, in which position the fluid flows through the low pressure relief valve 52, instead of the valve 50. As explained above, a lighter pressure is required to open the valve 52, so that the pressure on the line is reduced to the desired value during the matrix aligning operation. 'Before the casting operation, the slide valve is returned to the high pressure closing position indicated in Fig. 14, the depression 41 of the cam 41 serving to return the valve to that position, and the path of the fluid is the same as in the jaw closing position of the valve above described. The casting operation takes place while the full pressure controlled by the relief valve 50 is applied to the right-hand jaw 2. The further rotation of the cam shaft 41 brings the raised surface 41 into engagement with the .lever 42, returning the slide valve to the low pressure closing position represented in Fig. 15, to achieve a wiping action between the jaws and the ends of the line as the line is being vertically transported from between the vise jaws. The raised surface 41 on the cam 41 next brings the slide valve to the jaw opening position represented in Fig. 16, in which position the passage 51 is blocked by the valve head 40 and the path of flow of the fluid is from the pressure line 48 through the port 40 into the pressure chamber 40 and out through the port 40 into'the jaw opening line 45 and thence through the port 45 -into the chamber 13, the fluid pressure acting against the piston 11 to return it to the normal rightward position. The fluid from the opposite side of the piston is returned to the reservoir 33' byway of the passages 61, 54, 47 and 58. Finally, the raised surface 41 of the cam 41 returns the slide valve to the normal or neutral position shown in Fig. 13, the valve remaining in this position while the machine is at rest and until the inauguration of the next cycle.

When quadding with the left-hand jaw, the selector valve 27 is adjusted to the position shown in Fig. 12. The cycle of the slide valve is, of course, the same as described above. In'the neutral position, indicated in Fig. 13, the fluid flows through the chamber 40 to the return passage 58 back to the reservoir 33. The slide valve is then moved to the high pressure closing position, represented in Fig. 14, where the fluid flows from the pump discharge line 48 through the jaw closing line 47, the passage 54 of the selector valve, the port 60 of the housing C, and then via the pipe line '60 into the chamber 12, forcing the piston 10 to the right, as viewed in Fig. 8. The rightward movement closes the left-hand jaw 1 against the line, and when the jaw is unable to move further, the pressure opens the high pressure relief valve v50,maintaining the pressure and permitting the fluid. to .-return to'the reservoir. The slide valve then is moved to the low pressure closing position indicated in Fig. 15, opening the passage 51 to the low pressure relief valve 52 to relax the pressure on the jaws for purposes of matrix alignment. Before the casting operation, the slide valve is returned to the high pressure closing position represented in Fig. 14 to close oif the passage to the low pressure relief valve, so that the high pressure valve reestablishes the jaw pressure on the line. After casting, the slide valve is restored to low pressure closing position indicated in Fig. to achieve the wiping action of the jaws as the line is raised from between them. Thereafter, the slide valve is actuated to the jaw opening position indicated in Fig. 16, the fluid pressure being established through the line and the branch port 45* to return the piston 11) to the leftward position. The fluid from the opposite side of the piston is returned to the reservoir 33 by way of the passages 6th 54, 47 and 58. Finally, the slide valve is returned to the neutral position of Fig. 13 before the end of the cycle.

For centering, the selector valve 27 is adjusted to the position represented in Fig. 11. As described above, the adjustment of the knob 21 to centering position elevates the pinion 18 into mesh with the rearward rack 14, while leaving it in mesh with the front rack 16 (sees Figs. 5 and 18). When the slide valve moves from the neutral position of Fig. 13 to the high pressure closing position of Fig. 14, the path of flow of the fluid is established from the pressure side of the pump through the lines 43 and 47 as usual, and then into the semicircular grooved passage 53 of the selector valve to the passages and 61, the passage 61 leading to the cylinder 1.3 of the piston 11 and the passage 68 leading into the cylinder 12 of the piston 10. Both pistons are thus operated to close both jaws 1 and 2 against the line, and the pinion 18 maintains the relationship of the jaws so that they move evenly equal distances.

In order to achieve high precision centering, it is deemed advisable to eliminate the effect of any backlash of the rack and pinion connection between the jaws. This is accomplished by making one of the pistons slightly larger in eifective area than the other, thereby slightly unbalancing the forces on the racks 14 and 16 to maintain whatever backlash there is in the same direction. In the present embodiment, the area of the left side of the piston 10 in cylinder 12 is made slightly larger than the area of the r ght side of the piston 11 in cylinder 13, so that a greater jaw closing force is applied through the rack 14 than the rack 16; thus, the rack 16 tends to lag and be driven by the pinion 18. With the rack 14 driving the pinion 18 and the pinion driving the rack 16, the jaws will engage the ends of the line and apply pressure to the line while the teeth of the pinion are maintained in constant contact with the same sides or surfaces of the teeth of the racks, and once the lock-up of the jaws against the ends of the line is complete, the backlash will have been eliminated.

Returning now to the cycle of the slide valve during the centering operation, after the jaws are closed on the centered line, the pressure on the jaws is reduced for purposes of alignment of the matrices, during which the slide is moved to the low pressure closing position indicated in Fig. 15; and, thereafter, the slide is returned to the high pressure closing position indicated in Fig. 14 preliminary to the casting operation. After casting, as described above in connection with the quadding opera tions, the slide is returned to the low pressure jaw wiping position of Fig. 15, and then to the jaw opening position of Fig. 16, the fluid flowing through the line 45 and both branches 45* and 45 to restore the pistons to normal jaw open position. The fluid on the jaw closing sides of the pistons is returned to the reservoir 33 by way of the passages 61 61, 53, 47 and 58. Finally, the slide is returned to the normal position, represented in Fig. 13, at the completion of the machine cycle.

When the selector valve 27 is adjusted to the regular position, as represented in Figs. 8 and 9, by the rotation of the control knob 21, the cycle of the slide valve unit 40 does not eflect the movement of the jaws. At the start of the machine cycle, the slide valve is in its neutral or at-rest position indicated in Figs. 8 and 13, the fluid being pumped through the pressure line 48 into the valve chamber 411 between the valve heads 411 and 40 then around the valve head .5 and back to the reservoir 33 through the open passage 58. The fluid, if permitted, would also flow back to the reservoir through the line 47, the semi-circular valve passage 53, the exhaust line 46 and the passage 53. With the slide valve at the positions indicated in Figs. 14 and 15, the fluid flows through the line 48, the line 47, and the semi-circular grooved passage of the selector valve 53 to the exhaust line 46. With the slide valve at the position indicated in Fig. 16, the fluid flows from the line 48, through the port 48 the pressure chamber 10 and the port 46 to the left end of the valve chamber 48 then through the line 45 to the cylinder 13 via the passage 45 and also to the cylinder 12 via the passage 15 the pressure building up in the cylinders 12 and 13 until the pressure relief valve 51) is opened, after which the fluid returns to the reservoir 33 through the open valve 5%. Since the jaws are not actuated during regular operation, the pressure build-up in the cylinders 12 and 13 against the jaws 10 and 11, merely maintains them in their normal open position and, conse quently, has no effect. Near the end of the cycle, the slide valve is returned to the neutral position shown in Fig. 13. The channel 55, groove 56 and passage 59 provide for the return of fluid from the jaw closing side of the right-hand jaw piston 11 into the exhaust line 46, while the passage fit? and the semi-circular grooved passage 53 provide for the return of fiuid from the jaw closing side of the left-hand jaw piston 11?.

As mentioned above, during regular operation of the machine, it is equally desirable to relieve the pressure on the justified line between first and second justification for purposes of alignment of the matrices with respect to the mold. This is accomplished by moving the left-hand jaw a small increment against the end of the line before first justification and then, after first justification, backing the left-hand jaw oil the slight increment to relieve the pressure on the expanded line, thereby allowing freedom for the vertical alignment and the face alignment which is necessary before final justification takes place. During second justification, the jaw is again moved a small increment to compress the line just before the justification bar 3 rises. After casting, the left-hand jaw is backed off the increment and restored to normal position.

The mechanism herein provided for achieving the above action of the left-hand jaw 1 is controlled by the vertically disposed, spring-actuated rod 8 loosely connected at the lower end to the arm 6 of the spring-actuated, camcontrolled lever 6. The lever 6 is pinned to the lower end of the rod 3, and the pin travels in a vertical slot 3 (see Fig. 1). The rod is always under the upward tension of a spring es (Figs. 1 and 3) but is normally maintained in its lower position by the lever 6. The upper end of the rod 8 is pivotally attached to an arm 66 (see Figs. 18 and 19), and the arm on is, in turn, brazed to the end of a sleeve 67 loosely mounted on the piston rod 1%. The outer surface of the sleeve 67 is threaded into a fixed annular collar 68 accommodated within the housing C and locked therein by a screw 69. As viewed in Fig. 18, the rack 14, to which the piston rod 111 is attached, banks normally against the right face of the arm 66 in the open position of the jaws. As the rod 3 rises, the arm 66 rotates the sleeve 67, and the threaded engagement of the sleeve with the collar 63 effects translation of the sleeve with respect to the collar, moving the rack 14 and left-hand jaw a small distance to the right. The downward movement of the rod 8 reverses the movement of the parts, allowing the jaw to return to normal position under the hydraulic pressure. In quadding with the right-hand jaw,

. added words of explanation may be helpful: The selector valve 27 of course controls the'path of flow of fluid through the hydraulic system and the automatically operated valve unit 40 controls the sequence of operation.

The volume of fluid circulated is controlled by the output of the pump 34. This latter phase is important since, in quadding or centering, it is desirable to move the jaws as slowly as possible but in proper timed relation to the other parts of the machine. When the composed line has been positioned between the jaws, the liquid is pumped into the cylinders on the jaw closing side of the pistons and the latter are then operated at a relatively slow and uniform .rate until the jaws are arrested by contact with the line, the pressure building up until the full force desired is exerted on the line. This force, in the present instance, is 100 lbs. for the right-hand jaw and 110 lbs. for the lefthand jaw, although the force could be reduced say to 60 lbs. for the right-hand jaw and 70 lbs. for the left-hand jaw. The force may be regulated as desired by selecting a. pressure relief valve 50 of the required value. The

purpose of varying the force as between the two jaws has been previously explained. It should be noted that the cylinder and piston devices of the present invention effect not only the jaw closing movements, but also the necessary line squeeze action of the jaws, this in contrast to other quadding and centering mechanisms which rely upon separate devices to perform these two different functions. The second relief valve 52 may also be set to produce whatever jaw closing force is desired during the matrix aligning operation and the jaw wiping action. Ordinarily, a force of from 10 to 20 lbs. will suflice for both purposes. The automatic valve unit takes care of this drop of pressure in the hydraulic system at the proper times and yet insures that the full pressure upon the jaws is built up both before the matrix aligning opera tion and the slug casting operation. Being of the doubleacting variety, the cylinder and piston devices also restore the jaws to their original full line position after the casting operation, effecting such movement under the control of the valve unit 40 at the proper time and at the proper rate of speed, avoiding any quick or violent action in opening the jaws just as such action is avoided in closing the jaws. The 10 lbs. difference in pressure exerted by the cylinder and piston devices during centering, to take up any slack in the rack and pinion connections, will be equally Hence, it may be said that the force exerted by each of the two devices is substantially constant whether quadding with the left-hand jaw or the right-hand jaw or centering with both jaws and this regardless of'the length ofthe composed line. This is another feature which distinguishes the present invention from earlier eiforts. The arrangement of the cylinder and piston devices .in line with and by direct connections with the respective jaws insures positive action, eliminating any friction and lost motion and avoiding the .need for motion multiplying or force-multiplying connections. Without more, it can be seen that the present invention represents a decided advance in the art.

The mechanism could be readily modified for pneumatic pressure operations, but the use of hydraulic pressure, as above described, is far more preferable and gives superior results. I

-In-quadding and centering operations, it is customary to 'lo'ck out the operation ofi the justification bar 3, inaslm'uch Pas the full drive of the :spacebands iis -not desired.

divided between the two jaws during centering.

position by As 'shown in .Fi'gn 3, this is accompli s'hed by; p'ivotally moving the lower end of a vertical,ipawl"70 suspended from the vise framexA into engagement with a shoulder 71 which rises with the right rod 5. Since the brace 7 is attached to the left side o'f-the justification bar, locking out the rod 5 also prevents the rise of the rod 4. The movable pawl 70 is shifted to operative and inoperative a vertical lever '72, loosely mounted on the shaft 22 of the control knob 21, and a horizontal link 73 connecting the lower end of the lever '72 and the pawl '70 below the pivot thereof. The lever 72 is provided with an upwardly inclined arm 72 carrying a roller at the upper end, and the roller is adapted to engage a cam surface 74 (see Fig. 5) formed on'the underside of the horizontal rack 30. When the control knob 21 is set for regular operation, the rack 30 is at its maximum leftward position, so that the cam surface 74 does not engage the roller of lever arm 72, and the pawl 70 is thus maintained in its inoperative position by a small tension spring 75 which acts on the lever 72; however, when the control knob 21 is set for-quadding or centering positions, the cam surface engages the rollerof the arm 72 shifting the pawl into'engaging' position with the shoulder 71.

It may be pointed out that the sealing plugs or bushings St for the cylinders 12 and 13, through which the piston rods 10 and ll 'slide in their jaw closing and opening movements, are divided =or partitioned in halves by internal and external low pressure grooves formed in the bushings midway between the ends thereof. These circular grooves .are connected by one or more passages and serve to dispose of and drain any fluid which may seep by the first half of the bushing, either between the movable piston rods and inside of the bushings or between the outside of the bushings and the cylinder walls. The drains, designated by the reference numeral 82, from the bushings lead to the return groove =56 of the selector valve '27, and thence to the return passage 59. These low pressure drains between the ends'of-the bushings improve the sealing effect of the bushings 80.

The present quadding and'centering attachment may be readily adapted for automatic operation, such as, for example, by a Teletypesetter tape control unit. This version of the present invention is shown in Figs. 20 to 29.

In order automatically to set the-rotary selector valve 27 for the desired operation, the-horizontal rack 30 is adapted to be controlled by a piston attached to the left end thereof and movable within a cylinder 91 formed in a rear housing I mounted on the housing C. When the piston 90 is in its normal leftward position, as shown inFigs. 25 and 29, the selector valve 27 is set for regular operation. The piston 90 and the rack 30 may be moved the appropriate distances to the right to adjust the selector valve to right-hand jaw quadding, left-hand jaw quadding and centering positions.

A pair of rotary solenoids 92 'and 93 (see Fig. 29) and companion pivotal stop members 94 and 95 controlled thereby determine the stop position of the rack when actuated by the piston 90. As shown in Figs. 26 to 29, a plate 96, having projecting teeth 96 and 96 is carried by the rack 30 inits movement to the right. The first or leftward stop 94 is normally spring-urged to engage the tooth 96 (Fig. 26) unless pivotally rotated to inoperative position by the energization of the solenoid 92. The rotary selector valve27 will be adjusted for quadding with .the right-hand jaw when the rack 30 is stopped in this position. The stop 95 is normally spring-urged to inoperative position, but when both solenoids 92 and 93 are energized, the former to render the stop "94 inoperative, and the latter to render the stop 95 operative, the stop 95 engages the second tooth 96 (Fig. 27), the allowed movement of the rack'3'0 adjusting-the selector valve for quadding with the left-hand jaw. Finally, when only the solenoid 92 is energized to render the stop 94' inoperative,

"thepiston':90. wil1z-drive therack to the right until the tooth 96 fstrikesthe shoulder member 97 of the housing I (see Fig. 28), thereby adjusting the rotary selector valve 27 to the centering position.

The control of the energization of the rotary solenoids 92 and 93 may be by the tape controlled electrical circuit disclosed in the pending application of L. Rossetto et al., Serial No. 184,071, filed September 9, 1950, now U. S. Patent No. 2,672,972.

The fluid to operate the piston 90 is adapted to be pumped through the slide valve unit 40 while the slide valve 49* is in the jaw closing position represented in Fig. 14. In automatic operation, however, in order to insure that the setting of the selector valve 27 to the desired position is accomplished prior to the closing of the operative jaw or jaws, as well as to insure that the line has been received between the jaws before the quadding or centering operation is initiated, an auxiliary cam operated slide valve 99 (see Fig. 24) delays the flow of fluid to the vise jaws until after the piston 96 has been actuated. Also, it is preferred to return the piston 99 to its normal leftward position during each cycle of the machine, and in order to facilitate the disengagement of the pinion 18 from the rack 14 after centering operations, the return of the piston is effected while the pressure on the jaws is comparatively light. The time chosen for effecting the return of the piston 99 is just after the jaw wiping operation but before the high vise jaw opening pressure is applied. A valve 9% associated with the valve 99 insures the proper timing.

The slide valves 99 and 99 are connected in tandem and are slidable within a cylinder 9 located directly above the slide valve housing 40. The two said valves are controlled by means of a lever 101, similar but oppositely disposed with respect to the lever 42, from a special cam Hit) on the main cam shaft B (Figs. and 21). The timing of the cams 41 and 100 is such that the lever 42 is the first to operate, shifting the main slide valve rod to the high pressure jaw closing position represented in Fig. 14. With the slide valve in this position, the hydraulic fluid is pumped through the conduit line 47 (which replaces the line 47 in the manually controlled version) and is directed to the cylinder chamber 91 via the branch d7 (Fig. 24). Another branch 47 of the line 47 leads, as did the line 47 in the manually controlled version, to the rotary selector valve 27, the fluid flowing through this branch serving to effect a quadding or centering operation for which the selector valve has been set. Since the valve 99 is normally closed at the beginning of the cycle, the fluid is prevented from flowing through the line .7 until the piston 90 has been operated to set the selector valve 27. Thereafter, at the appropriate time in the machine cycle, the valve 9? is operated to the left, as viewed in Fig. 24, with the aid of a compression spring 99 within the cylinder 99 and a path of flow for the fluid is established through the line 47 to actuate the appropriate vise jaw for the quadding or centering operation. Of course, when the valve 99 opens, the companion valve 99 also opens, thereby permitting the fluid on the exhaust side of the pistons 10 and 11 to return to the reservoir tank 33 via the conduit 45, the open valve 99 the conduit and through the slide valve housing to the return passage 58.

The sequence of operation is thereafter controlled by the movements of the main slide valve unit, just as in the manual operation, until after the jaw wiping operation (the position of the slide valve in Fig. 15) and before the jaw opening or reversing operation (the position of the slide valve in Fig. 16), at which time the cam-operated lever 16?. closes the valves 99 and 99 Thereafter, when the man slide valve is shifted to the jaw opening or reversposition, the fluid is directed by the slide valve and the conduits 45 and 45 to the cylinder 91 to return the piston 99 to its normal leftward position. When the piston 99 is so returned, the valves 9 and 99 are again opened, the valve 99 permitting the fluid to flow from the main slide valve via the conduits 45 and 45 to re- 'store the jaws to open position and the valve 99 permitchine cycle when they are again returned to the closed position by the cam-operated lever 101.

During regular machine operations, that is to say, nonquadding and non-centering operations, the piston remains in its normal leftward position. This is made possible by locking out of operation the lever 42 and maintaining the rod 40 of the main slide valve in its normal leftward position. In this position, represented in Figs. 8 :and 13, the fluid is freely circulated back to the reservoir 33 through the return passage 58, as explained above, and the pressure in the hydraulic system does not build up.

The means for locking the lever 42 out of operation is shown in Figs. 21 to 23. A stop pawl 104 is maintained in the path of operation of the lever 42 by a small tension spring 105 (see Fig. 23). Thus, during the regular operation of the machine, the lever 42 is held out of operation by the stop pawl. The pawl is adapted to be tripped, during a quadding or centering operation, by the energization of a rotary solenoid 106, the energization of which is controlled by the electrical control circuit described in the aforementioned application of L. Rossetto et al., Serial The invention has been shown and described in preferred form and by way of example only, and obviously many variations and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit of the invention. It is understood, therefore, that the invention is not limited to any specified form or embodiment, except insofar as such limitations are expressly contained in the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. In a typographical casting machine, the combination of a pair of line clamping jaws, the left-hand jaw at least being movable from a normal full line receiving position to a quadding position and return, a fluid pressure cylinder and piston rod connected to said jaw for effecting at least its quadding movement and arranged in line with the jaw, and a rotary screw threaded sleeve loosely mounted on the piston rod and actuated by the justification mechanism for imparting a slight movement to the lefthand jaw, first to the right and then to the left and back to its normal position, when the machine is conditioned for a regular operation.

2. A combination according to claim 1, wherein the screw threaded sleeve provides a banking surface for the left-hand jaw when the machine is conditioned for quadding with the right-hand jaw.

3. In a typographical casting machine, the combination of a pair of line clamping jaws, at least one of which is movable from a normal full line receiving position to a quadding position and return, and hydraulic pressure mechanism for effecting :at least the quadding movement of the jaw, said mechanism comprising a closed liquid circulating system which includes a liquid reservoir, a continuously operated pump for continuously circulating the liquid through the system, and a cylinder and piston device connected to the jaw, and which also includes a high pressure relief valve that controls the inward clamping pressure of the jaw on the line during the casting operation, and a low pressure relief valve that controls the inward clamping pressure of the jaw on the line during the matrix aligning operation or during the jaw wiping action, or both.

4. In a typographical casting machine, the combination of a pair of line clamping jaws, each of which is movable from a normal full line receiving position to a quadding position and return, and hydraulic pressure mechanism for effecting at least the quadding movement of either one or both of the jaws, said mechanismcomprising a closed liquid circulating system which includes a liquid reservoir, a continuously operated pump for continuously circulating the liquid through the system, and two separate cylinder and piston devices, one connected answers to each jaw, togetherwith an adjustable selector valve for admitting the continuously circulating liquid into either or both of the cylinders or for shutting the liquid oil from either or both of the cylinders according as the machine is conditioned for quadding with either jaw, or for centering with both jaws, or for a regular machine operation.

5. A combination according to claim 4, including means for coupling the jaws together for equidistant movement when the machine is conditioned for a centering operation.

6. A combination according to claim 5, including automatic means for activating the coupling means when the selector valve is set to condition the machine for centering.

7. A combination according to claim 5, wherein the jaw coupling means comprise two racks, one connected to each piston, and a pinion mounted to turn about a fixed axis and meshing at opposite sides with both racks.

8. A combination according to claim 7, wherein the pinion is in permanent mesh with the rack of one jaw and is adjustable into and out of mesh with the rack of the other jaw for centering and quadding, respectively.

9. A combination according to claim 8, including automatic means for adjusting the pinion as the machine is conditioned for centering and quadding, respectively.

10. A combination according to claim 5, wherein the jaw closing pressure area of one of the cylinder and piston devices is slightly greater than that of the other so as thus to take up any slack or lost motion in the coupling means during a centering operation.

11. In a typographical casting machine, the combination of a pair of line clamping jaws, at least one of which is movable from a normal full :line receiving position to a quadding position and return, and fluid pressure mechanism for effecting both the quadding and return movements of the jaw, said mechanism including a single double-acting cylinder and piston device connected to the jaw, together with an automatically operated valve controlling the fiow of fluid into and from the cylinder at opposite sides of the piston, said valve being controlled by timing means which cause it, first, to admit the fluid into the cylinder at one side of the piston for .the jaw closing movement, second, to reduce the pressure on the jaw momentarily while the jaw is in quadding position for the matrix alignment operation, third, to restore the full pressure on the jaw before the casting operation, fourth, to reduce the pressure on the jaw momentarily after casting before the line is completely removed from between the jaws to eiiect ajaw wiping action, and fifth, to admit the fluid into the cylinder at the opposite side of the piston for the return movement of the jaw.

12. A combination according to claim 4, including automatic means controlled by the adjustable selector valve for locking the justification mechanism against action when the machine is conditioned for a quadding or centering operation and for releasing said mechanism when the machine is conditioned for a regular operation.

13. A combination according to claim 4, including a locking device for the justification mechanism, and means actuated from the adjustable selector valve for deactivating said locking device when the machine is conditioned for a regular operation and for activating said device when the machine is conditioned for a quadding or centering operation.

14. In a typographical casting machine, the combination of a pair of line clamping jaws, at least one of which is movable from a normal full line receiving position to a quadding position and return, and hydraulic pressure mechanism for effecting at least the quadding movement of the jaw, said mechanism comprising a closed liquid circulating system which includes a liquid reservoir, a continuously operated pump for continuously circulating the liquid through the system, a cylinder and piston device connected to the jaw, together with an adjustable selector valve for admitting the continuously circulating liquid into or for'shunti-ng it on "from" the cylinder accordfluid-pressure cylinder and piston device for actuating the selector valve controlling the operation of the cylinder and piston device connected to the quadding jaw.

15. A combination according to claim 14, wherein the automatic machine conditioning means includes anelectrically actuated pawl for arresting the selector valve in quadding position.

16. A combination according to claim 1 1, including means for locking the automatically operated valve out of action when the machine is conditioned for a-regula'r operation.

17. In a typographical casting machine, the combination of a pair of line clamping jaws, at least 'one of which is movable from a normal full linereceiving position to 'a quadding position and return, and hydraulic pressure mechanism for effecting both the quadding and return movements of the jaw, said mechanism comprising a closed liquid circulating system whichincludes aliquid reservoir, a continuously operated pump for continuously circulating the liquid through the system, "and a single double-acting cylinder and piston device connected to the jaw, together with an adjustable selector valvefor admitting the continuously circulating liquid into orfor shutting it off from the cylinder according 'a-s'the machine is conditioned for a quadding or regular machine operation, and an automatically operated valve which, when the machine is conditioned for a quadding operation, first admits the liquid into the cylinder at one side of the piston for the quadding movement of the jaw before the casting operation and later admits the liquid into th'ecy'linderat the opposite side of the piston for the return movement of the jaw after the casting operation.

18. A combination according to claim 17, wherein the closed liquid circulating system includes a high'pressu-re relief valve which controls the pressure exerted -on "the piston during both its jaw quadding and jaw return movements.

19. A combination according to claim 17, wherein the closed liquid circulating system includes return 'passag'es which connect the opposite ends of the cylinder to-the reservoir and which permit the return of the liquid to the reservoir during the jaw quadding and jaw return movements of the piston.

20. In a typographical casting machine, the combination of a pair of line clamping jaws, each of which is movable from a normal full line receiving position to a quadding position and return, and hydraulic pressure mechanism for eflecting both the quadding and return movements of either one of the jaws, said mechanism comprising a closed liquid circulating system which im cludes a liquid reservoir, a continuously operated pump for continuously circulating the liquid through the system, and two separate double-acting cylinder and piston devices, one connected to each jaw, together with an adjustable selector valve for admitting the continuously circulating liquid into or for shutting it otf from either cylinder for a quadding operation with either jaw, and an automatically operated valve which, when the machine is conditioned for a quadding operation with either jaw, first admits the liquid into the corresponding cylinder at one side of the piston for the quadding movement of the jaw before the casting operation and later admits the liquid into the cylinder at the opposite side of the piston for the return movement of the jaw after the casting operation.

21. In a typographical casting machine, the combination of a pair of line clamping jaws, at least one of which is movable from a normal full line receiving position to a quadding position and return, and hydraulic pressure mechanism for efiecting at least the full quadding movement of the jaw, said mechanism comprising a closed liquid circulating system which includes a liquid reservoir, a continuously operated pump for continuously circulating the liquid through the system, and a cylinder and piston device connected to the jaw, together with automatic means for conditioning the machine for a preselected quaddin-g operation, said automatic means including an electrically actuated device responsive to a coded tape signal which determines the pro-selected operation.

22. In a typographical casting machine, the combination of a pair of line clamping jaws, each of which is movable from a normal full line receiving position to a quadding position and return, and hydraulic pressure mechanism for effecting at least the full quadding movement of either one or both of the jaws, said mechanism comprising a closed liquid circulating system which includes a liquid reservoir, a continuously operated pump for continuously circulating the liquid through the system, and two separate cylinder and piston devices, one connected to each jaw, together with automatic means for conditioning the machine for a pre-selected quadding operation with either jaw, or a pre-seiected centering operation with both jaws, or for a regular machine operation, as the case may be, said automatic means including electrically actuated devices responsive to coded tape signals which determine the pre-selected operation.

23. In a typographical casting machine, the combination of a pair of line clamping jaws, at least one of which is movable from a normal full line receiving position to a quadding position and return, and hydraulic pressure mechanism for efiecting at least the full quadding movement of the jaw by liquid displacement and then building up and applying an inward clamping pressure on the jaw after it has reached its quadding position, said mechanism comprising a closed liquid circulating system which includes a liquid reservoir, a continuously operated pump for continuously circulating the liquid through the system, and a cylinder and piston device connected to the jaw, together with an automatic valve for bypassing the continuously circulating liquid from the cylinder when the machine is at rest or conditioned for a regular operation.

24. In a typographical casting machine, the combination of a pair of line clamping jaws, at least one of which is movable from a normal full line receiving position to a quadding position and return, and hydraulic pressure mechanism for efiecting at least the full quadding movement of the jaw by liquid displacement and then building up and applying an inward clamping pressure on the jaw after it has reached its quadding position, said mechanism comprising a closed liquid circulating system which includes a liquid reservoir, a continuously operated pump for continuously circulating the liquid through the system, and a cylinder and piston device connected to the jaw,

said liquid reservoir being connected by a by-pass to the pressure side of the pump for the continuous circulation of the liquid through the reservoir when the machine is at rest or conditioned for a regular operation.

25. In a typographical casting machine, the combination of a pair of line clamping jaws, at least one of which is movable from a normal full line receiving position to a quadding position and return, and hydraulic pressure mechanism for eliecting at least the full quadding movement of the jaw by liquid displacement and then building up and applying an inward clamping pressure on the jaw after it has reached its quadding position, said mechanism comprising a closed liquid circulating system which includes a liquid reservoir, a continuously operated pump for continuously circulating the liquid through the system, and a cylinder and piston device connected to the jaw, together with an adjustable selector valve for admitting the continuously circulating liquid into or for shutting it off from the cylinder according as the machine is conditioned for a quadding or regular machine operation.

26. A combination according to claim 25, wherein the liquid is continuously circulated through the reservoir when the machine is at rest even though the selector valve be set for a quadding operation.

27. In a typographical casting machine, the combination of a pair of line clamping jaws, at least one of which is movable from a normal full line receiving position to a quadding position and return, and hydraulic pressure mechanism for efiecting at least the full quadding movement of the jaw by liquid displacement and then building up and applying an inward clamping pressure on the jaw after it has reached its quadding position, said mechanism comprising a closed liquid circulating system which includes a liquid reservoir, a continuously operated pump for continuously circulating the liquid through the system, and a cylinder and piston device connected to the jaw, together with a valve mechanism actuated by a timing device on the main cam shaft of the machine and controlling the continuous circulation of the liquid through the system.

28. A combination according to claim 25, wherein the machine is normally conditioned for a regular operation, and including automatic means for conditioning the machine for a pre-selected quadding operation.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNETED STATES PATENTS 2,139,638 Kelley Dec. 6, 1938 2,188,988 Sundstrom et al Feb. 6, 1940 2,190,112 Brandenburg Feb. 13, 1940 2,255,254 Hilpman Sept. 9, 1941 2,307,069 Plastaras Jan. 5, 1943 2,307,07 Plastaras Jan. 5, 1943

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