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US2780708A - Electric resistance heater - Google Patents

Electric resistance heater Download PDF

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Publication number
US2780708A
US2780708A US363482A US36348253A US2780708A US 2780708 A US2780708 A US 2780708A US 363482 A US363482 A US 363482A US 36348253 A US36348253 A US 36348253A US 2780708 A US2780708 A US 2780708A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
resistance
plate
loops
heater
loop
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US363482A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Theodore W Glynn
Jr Jack Samuel Storm
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Blue Ridge Glass Corp
Original Assignee
Blue Ridge Glass Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Blue Ridge Glass Corp filed Critical Blue Ridge Glass Corp
Priority to US363482A priority Critical patent/US2780708A/en
Priority to DES39706A priority patent/DE1029957B/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2780708A publication Critical patent/US2780708A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/84—Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D13/00—Electric heating systems
    • F24D13/02—Electric heating systems solely using resistance heating, e.g. underfloor heating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]

Definitions

  • This invention relates to electric resistance heaters, and more particularly to those in which a resistance element covers most of one side of a glass plate. Such a heater is shown in my Patent No. 2,623,971.
  • a resistance heating element covering most of one side of a glass plate, is in the form of a row of laterally spaced closed loops connected to one another in series near their centers so as to divide each loop into two sections.
  • the heating element is formed from a material, the resistance of which increases greatly when hot. Any increase in resistance, regardless of its cause, in one section of one of the heating element loops will divert current from that section into the other section of the loop and, thereby, reduce the wattage input of the first section to prevent an excessive rise of temperature therein.
  • Fig. 1 is a view of one side of an upright electric resistance heater
  • Fig. 2 is a bottom view of a horizontal heater.
  • a vertical rectangular glass panel or plate 1 of the type generally used for an electric resistance type of space heater, is adapted to be mounted in a frame or other support of well known form which can be set on the floor or hung on a wall.
  • the frame forms no part of the invention, so it is not disclosed.
  • the conductor is formed from electrical resistance ma terial, the resistance of which increases greatly when it is heated.
  • Aluminum and aluminum alloy have this characteristic and may be sprayed onto the surface of the plate in a pattern about to be described.
  • the pattern consists principally of a row of closed loops 7. Each loop extends from top to bottom of the plate and has substantially parallel sides. Between each pair of adjacent loops there is a short horizontal piece 8 of the conductor that integrally connects the sides of the two loops about halfway between the top and bottom of the plate.
  • Each outermost loop has its outer side connected centrally to a part 9 of the conductor that leads to one of the terminals 3 or 4.
  • the loops are con nected in series and each one is divided into upper and lower sections through which the current flows from the short length of conductor at one side to the short length of conductor at the opposite side of the loop.
  • the heater shown in Fig. 2 can be used as a food warming tray.
  • the loops 11 on the glass plate 12 of this tray are arranged in the same general way as those fiist described, but they may extend lengthwise of the plate if desired.
  • the temperature of conventional series circuit trays is controlled as far as possible by a thermostat connected in one of the terminal wires.
  • the thermostat is mounted below the plate and is aifected by the plates temperature. It prevents the plate from overheating and the food from drying out, but it does not guarantee accurate control of the temperature of the entire plate, but only of the area where the thermostat is mounted.
  • a hot dish such as a pot of beans
  • the thermostat will not 'be attected very much by the hot area beneath the pot, with the result that that area may be considerably overheated, due to increase in resistance of the heating element caused by the added heat of the bean pot.
  • Such overheating it repeated over a period of time, would be likely to result in deterioration in the temper of the glass at the hot spot and eventual breakage of the glass plate.
  • the overheating also would prevent the bean pot from cooling down to serving temperature.
  • outside heat may not be applied to the heating element in the manner just "described, but nevertheless an area of the plate may tend to become overheated because heat cannot escape from it as rapidly as from the rest of the plate.
  • an area of the plate may tend to become overheated because heat cannot escape from it as rapidly as from the rest of the plate.
  • a piece of clothing might partially cover an area of the plate, so as to permit heat to accumulate in that area. With my heater the rising temperature will increase the resistance of the loops in that location and the current, therefore, will be diverted through the opposite ends of the loops to keep the temperature over the entire plate substantially uniform.
  • An electric resistance heater comprising an upright glass plate and a sprayed aluminum heating memen os uniform width covering most of one side of the plate, the
  • the heating element being in the form of a single row of laterally spaced closed narrow loops, the loops extending vertically across the plate and being connected to one another in series at points located only about halfway between the top and bottom of each loop to divide each loop into upper and lower sections, whereby the great increase in resistance in the upper section of each loop due to heat rising from the lower sectionot the loop diverts electric current from the upper section into the lower section and thereby materially reduces the wattage input to said upper sections in order to maintain substantially uniform temperature in the top and bottom halves of the plate.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
US363482A 1953-06-23 1953-06-23 Electric resistance heater Expired - Lifetime US2780708A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US363482A US2780708A (en) 1953-06-23 1953-06-23 Electric resistance heater
DES39706A DE1029957B (de) 1953-06-23 1954-06-22 Elektrisches Widerstandsheizgeraet

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US363482A US2780708A (en) 1953-06-23 1953-06-23 Electric resistance heater

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2780708A true US2780708A (en) 1957-02-05

Family

ID=23430409

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US363482A Expired - Lifetime US2780708A (en) 1953-06-23 1953-06-23 Electric resistance heater

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US2780708A (de)
DE (1) DE1029957B (de)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2932710A (en) * 1955-03-07 1960-04-12 Edgar B Coale Construction in electrically conducting transparent panel
US3060300A (en) * 1958-12-02 1962-10-23 Albert A Horner Radiant heating unit including a laminated radiant heating panel
US3895218A (en) * 1974-05-02 1975-07-15 Asg Ind Inc Electric heater plate and terminal thereof
US4957012A (en) * 1989-06-16 1990-09-18 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Predictive aging of polymers
USD395198S (en) 1996-03-15 1998-06-16 Ceramaspeed Limited Radiant grill heater
USD514696S1 (en) 2003-12-03 2006-02-07 Emerson Electric Co. Radiant heating element
USD516713S1 (en) 2003-12-03 2006-03-07 Emerson Electric Co. Radiant heating element
US9072860B2 (en) 2003-06-20 2015-07-07 Resmed Limited Breathable gas apparatus with humidifier
US9272116B2 (en) 1999-08-05 2016-03-01 Resmed R&D Germany Gmbh Apparatus for humidifying a respiratory gas
USRE46079E1 (en) 2001-02-16 2016-07-26 Resmed Limited Humidifier with structure to prevent backflow of liquid through the humidifier inlet
US9610416B2 (en) 2009-06-04 2017-04-04 Resmed Limited Flow generator chassis assembly with suspension seal
US10293125B2 (en) 2003-06-20 2019-05-21 Resmed Limited Flow generator with patient reminder
USD899598S1 (en) 2018-09-04 2020-10-20 3B Medical, Inc. CPAP device
US10806889B2 (en) 2008-06-05 2020-10-20 ResMed Pty Ltd Treatment of respiratory conditions

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1189667B (de) * 1961-09-29 1965-03-25 Willy Wiegand Dr Ing Heizbarer Spiegel
DE1480445B1 (de) 1964-11-09 1969-10-23 Saint Gobain Verfahren zur Herstellung einer heizbaren Autoscheibe

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1543970A (en) * 1924-06-27 1925-06-30 Francis J Zippler Furnace construction
US1771273A (en) * 1928-03-30 1930-07-22 Smith John Hays Electrical heating device
US2503457A (en) * 1947-04-04 1950-04-11 Curtiss Wright Corp Propeller blade deicing shoe
US2623971A (en) * 1951-06-21 1952-12-30 Blue Ridge Glass Corp Electric resistance heater
US2631219A (en) * 1949-05-06 1953-03-10 Charles T Suchy Electrical heating element
US2641675A (en) * 1950-01-17 1953-06-09 Sylvania Electric Prod Printed electrical conductor

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE656196C (de) * 1932-04-28 1939-09-19 Bernhard Jaspers Elektrische Raumheizung
DE665799C (de) * 1935-08-01 1938-10-04 Expanded Metal Elektrische Widerstaende und Heizelemente
DE847784C (de) * 1948-10-02 1952-08-28 Licentia Gmbh Elektrisch beheizte Vorrichtung, insbesondere Decke

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1543970A (en) * 1924-06-27 1925-06-30 Francis J Zippler Furnace construction
US1771273A (en) * 1928-03-30 1930-07-22 Smith John Hays Electrical heating device
US2503457A (en) * 1947-04-04 1950-04-11 Curtiss Wright Corp Propeller blade deicing shoe
US2631219A (en) * 1949-05-06 1953-03-10 Charles T Suchy Electrical heating element
US2641675A (en) * 1950-01-17 1953-06-09 Sylvania Electric Prod Printed electrical conductor
US2623971A (en) * 1951-06-21 1952-12-30 Blue Ridge Glass Corp Electric resistance heater

Cited By (37)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2932710A (en) * 1955-03-07 1960-04-12 Edgar B Coale Construction in electrically conducting transparent panel
US3060300A (en) * 1958-12-02 1962-10-23 Albert A Horner Radiant heating unit including a laminated radiant heating panel
US3895218A (en) * 1974-05-02 1975-07-15 Asg Ind Inc Electric heater plate and terminal thereof
US4957012A (en) * 1989-06-16 1990-09-18 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Predictive aging of polymers
USD395198S (en) 1996-03-15 1998-06-16 Ceramaspeed Limited Radiant grill heater
US9545493B2 (en) 1999-08-05 2017-01-17 Resmed R&D Germany Gmbh Apparatus for humidifying a respiratory gas
US10052450B2 (en) 1999-08-05 2018-08-21 Resmed R&D Germany Gmbh Apparatus for humidifying a respiratory gas
US9884163B2 (en) 1999-08-05 2018-02-06 RedMed R&D Germany GmbH Apparatus for humidifying a respiratory gas
US9272116B2 (en) 1999-08-05 2016-03-01 Resmed R&D Germany Gmbh Apparatus for humidifying a respiratory gas
US9302067B2 (en) 1999-08-05 2016-04-05 Resmed R&D Germany Gmbh Apparatus for humidifying a respiratory gas
US9555211B2 (en) 1999-08-05 2017-01-31 Resmed R&D Germany Gmbh Apparatus for humidifying a respiratory gas
US9545494B2 (en) 1999-08-05 2017-01-17 Resmed R&D Germany Gmbh Apparatus for humidifying a respiratory gas
USRE46571E1 (en) 2001-02-16 2017-10-17 Resmed Limited Humidifier with structure to prevent backflow of liquid through the humidifier inlet
USRE46079E1 (en) 2001-02-16 2016-07-26 Resmed Limited Humidifier with structure to prevent backflow of liquid through the humidifier inlet
USRE48149E1 (en) 2001-02-16 2020-08-11 ResMed Pty Ltd Humidifier with structure to prevent backflow of liquid through the humidifier inlet
USRE48118E1 (en) 2001-02-16 2020-07-28 ResMed Pty Ltd Humidifier with structure to prevent backflow of liquid through the humidifier inlet
USRE48095E1 (en) 2001-02-16 2020-07-14 ResMed Pty Ltd Humidifier with structure to prevent backflow of liquid through the humidifier inlet
US11413412B2 (en) 2003-06-20 2022-08-16 ResMed Pty Ltd Breathable gas supply apparatus
US9072860B2 (en) 2003-06-20 2015-07-07 Resmed Limited Breathable gas apparatus with humidifier
USRE46543E1 (en) 2003-06-20 2017-09-12 Resmed Limited Breathable gas apparatus with humidifier
US11260187B2 (en) 2003-06-20 2022-03-01 ResMed Pty Ltd Breathable gas supply apparatus
US10201676B2 (en) 2003-06-20 2019-02-12 Resmed Limited Breathable gas supply apparatus
US10293125B2 (en) 2003-06-20 2019-05-21 Resmed Limited Flow generator with patient reminder
US10850053B2 (en) 2003-06-20 2020-12-01 ResMed Pty Ltd Breathable gas supply apparatus
US9610420B2 (en) 2003-06-20 2017-04-04 Resmed Limited Breathable gas apparatus with humidifier
US9358359B2 (en) 2003-06-20 2016-06-07 Resmed Limited Breathable gas apparatus with humidifier
USD516713S1 (en) 2003-12-03 2006-03-07 Emerson Electric Co. Radiant heating element
USD514696S1 (en) 2003-12-03 2006-02-07 Emerson Electric Co. Radiant heating element
US10806889B2 (en) 2008-06-05 2020-10-20 ResMed Pty Ltd Treatment of respiratory conditions
US11229766B2 (en) 2008-06-05 2022-01-25 ResMed Pty Ltd Treatment of respiratory conditions
US11247019B2 (en) 2008-06-05 2022-02-15 ResMed Pty Ltd Treatment of respiratory conditions
US11433213B2 (en) 2008-06-05 2022-09-06 ResMed Pty Ltd Treatment of respiratory conditions
US11878123B2 (en) 2008-06-05 2024-01-23 ResMed Pty Ltd Treatment of respiratory conditions
US11129948B2 (en) 2009-06-04 2021-09-28 ResMed Pty Ltd Flow generator chassis assembly with suspension seal
US9610416B2 (en) 2009-06-04 2017-04-04 Resmed Limited Flow generator chassis assembly with suspension seal
US12161800B2 (en) 2009-06-04 2024-12-10 ResMed Pty Ltd Flow generator chassis assembly with suspension seal
USD899598S1 (en) 2018-09-04 2020-10-20 3B Medical, Inc. CPAP device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1029957B (de) 1958-05-14

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