US2619291A - Railway track supporting and fastening - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 25, 1952 H. l.. RUSHING 2,619,291

RAILWAY TRACK SUPPORTING AND FASTENING Filed July 1.8, 195o dZL-IGaZ,

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INVENTOR`- /Q/ ATTORNEY Patented Nov. 25, 1952 UNITED STATES TENT OFFICE RAILWVAY TRACK SUPPORTING AND FASTENING 18 Claims.

This invention relates to the fastening or tying of track rails, particularly heavy duty railway track rails, to the track supporting cross ties of a railway roadbed, and more particularly relates to a railway track fastener adapted to be associated with a Wooden cross tie; and also relates to a railway track supporting assembly of cross tie and railway track fastener carried by the cross tie.

In my prior Patents No. 2,235,777, issued March 18, 1941, and No. 2,457,180, issued December 28, 1948, there are disclosed railway track fasteners which include a tie plate adapted to be spiked to a cross tie and to support a track rail from below and a brace or buck plate at one or both ends of the tie plate in abutting relation thereto and spiked to the cross tie, the buck plates permitting vertical but not horizontal movement of the tie plate relating to the buck plates, with the result that when the tie plate is caused by passing traic to move down and up relatively to the cross tie to which it is spiked the buck plates are not pulled down and up by the tie plate relatively to the cross tie, while at the same time since the buck plates are in continuous abutting relation to the tie plate, the buck plates at all times serve as stop blocks at the ends of the tie plate and tend to prevent the tie plate from being shifted horizontally on the cross tie by the action of passing traflic. By so backing up and reenforcing the tie plates by buck plates in the manner stated the track rails are held more securely and for a longer time from being shifted out of proper position on the cross ties, loosening of the tie plates is deterred and the cross ties are less vulnerable to being damaged by the stresses, strains and movements to which they are subjected by heavy traiiic, and the eiiicient life span of the cross ties is lengthened considerably. Ten years use of the railway track fastening of my Patent 2,235,777 and five years use of the fastening of my Patent 2,457,180, both in well traveled track installations, have proved such fastenings to be highly effective and successful.

Such railway track fastenings, however, have required the installations to be made in the eld, that is, where the tracks are being laid, which, of course, requires all the appliances and implements necessary to install the track fastenings on the cross ties to be taken to the place where the track is being laid.

It is now my idea to provide an efficient and durable railway track fastening which may be installed on a cross tie at a place remote from where the track is to be laid, and thus make it unnecessary to take it to the field and there use the implements and appliances required to install the fastening on the cross tie. By aVOding J0h@ necessity of moving the installing implements and appliances from place to place as the track is being laid not only can a number of cross ties be equipped with railway track fastenings more quickly and at less cost but the wear and tear on the implements and appliances suffered by their being moved constantly from place to place along a roadbed is avoided and other economies in time and expense are attained.

Another object of this invention is to provide a railway track fastening of the character stated and one of such construction as to permit of the convenient and economical installment of fastenings to cross ties at the plants at which the cross ties are treated with creosote oil, or at other fixed assembly locations, and preferably permitting the application of the fastenings to the ties as the ties pass along an assembly line.

Another object of this invention is to provide a railway track fastening which maintains its hold on the cross tie so strongly and securely and for such length of time that the track rails are held in their proper places on the cross ties and against displacement thereon even better and more securely than with the track fastenings of my prior patents mentioned above and better protects the cross tie against damage and deterioration and causes the tie to have an even longer efficient life of service in a railroad trackway.

A further object of this invention is to provide a railway track fastening of the character stated, and one which resists forces applied to the track transversely in either direction, and is extremely sturdy and durable and resistant to corrosion and to deterioration; and a track fastening which readily accommodates and takes care of manufacturing errors and tolerances in track rail, tie plates, buck plate fastenings, hole boring of cross ties and other manufacturing and installing deviations.

A further object of this invention is to provide a cross tie which is pre-conditioned to mount a railroad track fastener constructed in accordance with my present invention.

Other objects of this invention will be in part obvlous and in part pointed out hereinafter.

In accordance with this invention the railway track fastener comprises a tie plate of any suitable or conventional type having the usual wings extending laterally from its track receiving channel or groove, a buck anchor part adapted to be attached strongly and securely to a cross tie at some distance, for instance I2 inches, away from the tie plate when the latter is set to gage on the cross tie and a sturdy buck rod extending between aiaeoi and secured integrally, as by welding, to both the tie plate and the buck anchor. With such a railway track fastening the tie plate may move vertically relative to the cross tie without causing similar' movement of the buck anchor part, due to the length of the buck rod which connects these parts, while at al1 times the buck anchor acting through the buck rod strongly and positively holds the tie plate secure and firm on the cross tie against any horizontal movement or shifting transversely of the trackway under the most severe action of heavy and fast traflic passing over the tracks. The buck anchor is preferably sunk in a mortise in the cross tie, this mortise being cut in the cross tie some distance, for instance about 12 inches, from the place where the tie plate is to be affixed to the cross tie. Details of certain possible construction and of possible ways of installing the fasteners will be described hereinafter.

Accordingly the invention consists in the elements of construction, arrangement of parts and combinations of elements which will be set forth hereinafter and the scope of the application of which will be pointed out in the claims that fol- Y' low.

In order that a clearer understanding of this invention may be had attention is hereby directed to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this application and illustrating certain possible embodiment of this invention, and in which:

Fig. l is a perspective view of a railway track fastener embodying this invention installed on a cross tie and supporting a track rail, only sections of the cross tie and rail being shown;

Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal sectional View of the same, but includes only a portion of the tie plate and no rail;

Fig. 3 is a, sectional view, taken transversely of the cross tie, of the buck anchor of the track fastener and adjacent portion of the cross tie looking toward the tie plate and showing the buck rod in side elevation;

Fig. 4 is an elevation of the underside of the buck anchor part of the fastener; and

Fig. 5 is a sectional view, taken longitudinally of the cross tie, of the buck anchorA and adjacent portion of the cross tie and a fragment of a buck rod of modied shape.

Similar reference characters refer to similar parts throughout the several views of the drawlngs.

Referring to the drawings, the railway track fastener includes a tie plate I0, a buck anchor element II spaced some distance, for instance one foot, from the tie plate I and a buck rod I2 extending between and rigidly attached, as by welding, to both the tie plate I0 and the buck anchor The tie plate I0 may be of conventional or special construction, having a track receiving channel or groove Illa and laterally extending horizontal wings IIJb and I0c and spike holes IUd for spikes S which when driven into the cross tie T on which the fastener is installed hold the tie plate I0 on the tie and hold a track rail R on the tie plate. The cross ties T are usually provided with slightly depressed bearing surfaces, as at t for the tie plates.

The buck anchor element II illustrated in the drawings is of generally oval shape in top elevational view, having a rim I3 which on its underside I4 tapers downwardly and inwardly and at each end of the oval is somewhat enlarged as at I and I6 to accommodate dowels or lugs I'I which 4 are formed integral with and extend downwardly from the underside of these rim portions I5 and I6. The upper surface of the buck anchor within the rim I3 is mounted or raised upwardly, as at I8, and the under surface of the buck anchor within the rim I3 has an elongated downwardly protruding under portion, which curves downwardly convexly as at I9, from adjacent each dowel I1 to the center of the buck anchor. The sides 20 of this elongated under portion of the buck anchor have convex curvature horizontally and are tapered downwardly and inwardly but do not meet at their lower edges and are there spanned by the curving arcuate surface I9. It is suggested that the sides 2D be inclined at an angle of about 30 degrees to the vertical. Downwardly extending outwardly projecting ribs 2| are preferably formed on the sides 20 of the buck anchor.

This buck anchor element II is adapted to be placed in a properly shaped mortise cut into the upper surface of a cross tie '11. The mortise is formed to the general shape and size of the downwardly protruding under body of the buck anchor which is below its rim I3, but the mortise is preferably smaller in cross section, for instance about one-eighth inch, than the cross section of the buck anchor taken transversely through its sides 20. This is so the buck anchor can be wedged very tightly in the mortise; and the mortise is cut to be deeper than the under body of the buck anchor so that the downward wedging of the buck anchor into the mortise will not be limited. The mortise is preferably so deep that even after the buck anchor has been wedged home in the mortise some space, as at 22, will be present between the bottom surface of the buck anchor and the bottom of the mortise. At each end of the mortise the cross tie is bored, as at 23, to receive the dowels I'I with a squeeze fit. Any suitable means may be employed for cutting the mortise and no description of any such means is believed to be necessary here as such mortise cutting means form no part of the invention here claimed. I preferably cast the buck anchor element of gray iron for economy in manufacture and because gray iron is substantially non-corrosive.

The buck anchor rod I2 may be round or angular in transverse cross section and is preferably of galvanized, copper content mild steel. The rear portion I2a (Fig. 2) or I2b (Fig. 5) of this rod may be used to hold the buck anchor firmly and securely wedged in the mortise provided therefor in the cross tie. To this end the rear portion of the rod I2v may be made to extend vertically downwardly, as at I2a (Fig. 2) or to extend at an angle to the vertical, as at I2b (Fig. 5), In either case, the rear portion I2a or I2b.of the buck rod I2 is adapted toextend through a suitably directed hole 24 extending through the center of the buck anchor and througha suitably directed hole or bore 25 extending through the cross tie T, the bottom end 26 of the hole 25 in the cross tie being enlarged to accommodate a washerA 21 and a nut 28 when threaded on the threaded lower end 29 of the buck rod portion I2a or I2b. The under surface of the nut 28 preferably has an annular projection or rim 3D projecting axially from the under face of thenut so that when the nut is screwed up on the buck rod its pressure will be exerted through the projecting rim 30 at a distance sidewise of the hole or bore 25 instead of immediately at the hole or. bore as is the case when an ordinary flat bottom nut is used. With such a nut, should a split develop adjacent the rod, loosening of the rod would be retarded due to the extended holding engagement obtained by the annular projection 30 which bears against the washer 27.

The top portion I3 and the rim I3 of the buck anchor element are preferably provided with a groove SI to receive the horizontal forwardly extending body of the buck rod I 2 at the bend or elbow so that this forwardly extending portion of the buck rod may lie flush on the upper surface of the cross tie. Preferably the extreme forward end of the buck rod I2 is formed to have a surface 32 conforming with and to lie flush upon the upper surface of a horizontal wing, Ib or Ic of the tie plate to facilitate welding that end of the buck rod to the tie plate as at 33. The rear end of the buck rod where it seats in the groove BI of the buck anchor may also be welded there to the buck anchor, as by welding 34.

Obviously the buck anchor may be fastened to the cross tie by means of an ordinary bolt separate from the buck rod, which latter then will not need to have the downwardly extending rear bolt portion ld or I2b.

To install a railway track fastener on a cross tie provided with the mortise for receiving the buck anchor element and preferably with the tie plate bearing surface t, the buck anchor element lI may first be placed in position on the buck rod I2, preferably by sliding the buck anchor upwardly along the rear portion I2a or |227 of the rod to the elbow of the rod. Then the rear portion I2a or I2?) of the buck rod is inserted through the hole or bore in the tie and the buck anchor I I placed in the tie mortise and preferably tightly wedged therein by being pressed into the mortise by means of a power press. The buck rod at its elbow is then welded in the groove 3l of the buck anchor, and the buck rod and buck anchor are bolted tightly down on the cross tie by tightening the nut 28 on the end of the buck rod. The tie plate I0 is then positioned to gage on the cross tie and the forward end of the buck rod where it overlaps a wing of the tie plate is welded thereto as at 32. This assembling of the railway track fastener and its installation on the cross tie may be accomplished either in the field, that is when the tracks are being laid, or at a place remote from the tracks, for instance at a permanently located plant, shop or the like. To facilitate the placement of cross ties previously equipped with the railway track fasteners under the rails being laid the parts other than the tie plates are so dimensioned that they project as little as possible above the top surface of the cross tie, it being suggested that the parts do not project more than three-quarters of an inch above the cross tie so as not to interfere with the insertion of a cross tie equipped with the railway track fastener beneath the rails of the track.

Railway track fasteners of my improved construction are very well suited for application to cross ties following assembly line procedure, and it is contemplated that this be done at regional plants where the cross ties are given waterproofing treatment, usually treatment with creosote oil. A suggested procedure including the mounting of the track fasteners on the cross ties is as follows: The mortises for the buck anchor elements I I and the holes or bores 25 for the bolt portions |20. of the buck rods I2 are formed in the ties in succession as they pass through the usual power adzing machine by which the tie plate bearing surfaces t are formed and where the ties are prebored for the spikes S and the like. The buck anchors I I and the buck rods I2 are assembled together and the buck rods welded at their elbows to the buck anchors, as at 34. Next the ties are passed through creosote oil treating chambers and then along an assembly line and there the integrally united buck anchors and buck rods are applied to the cross ties, the buck rod bolt portions I2a being inserted through the tie holes 25 and the buck anchors being pressed, for instance by a power press, with great force into the mortises in the ties. A washer 2 and nut 28 are then applied to the threaded free end of each buck rod bolt portion Za as each tie passes along the assembly line, the nuts being tightened very taut against the under surfaces of the tie. A tie plate is then set to gage on each passing cross tie and the forward end of the buck rod I2 welded thereto, as at 33. It is obvious that any manufacturing errors or tolerances which may exist will be taken care of by this final welding operation. To prevent the track fastener assembly from being dislodged from the cross tie during transportation to the place of use the fastener assembly may be bound to the cross tie by any usual commercial strapping commonly used for the safe transport of goods.

Because the buck anchor is pressed down in the mortise with great force the sides 2i? of the buck anchor` and the tapered under side of the rim I3 bear with great force against the abutting surfaces of the tie and thereby enabling the tie to resist vibratcry, torsional, pull and push forces imparted to the buck anchor through the buck rod.

Suggested dimensions for the buck anchor II are for the bottom surface i9 to be curved on a radius of about two and oneehalf inches and the chord or straight-line distance between the ends of surface i9 to be about three and one-half inches, thus making the greatest depth of curvature about thirteen-sixteenths of an inch. The mortise for the buck anchor is about one inch deep at its center and follows the curvature of the under body of the buck anchor but is a trifle narrower. It will be recognized that such mortising of the tie transversely on its top surface and about twelve inches removed from the tie plate does not structurally weaken the tie to any appreciable degree, particularly as the standard ties are about nine inches wide.

With the track fastener mounted on the gage side of a rail the passing traffic will set up greater pull forces acting away from the fastener than push forces acting toward the fastener, but the buck anchor faces 2i! coacting with the abutting faces of the mortise in the cross tie withstand such forces and also vibratory and torsional strains. When the rear end of the buck rod is inclined about thirty degrees to the Vertical, as shown in Fig. 5, the buck anchor and co-acting cross tie mortise surfaces are better able to resist the pull forces, but such construction is less able to resist the push forces. With the rear portion of the buck rod vertical, as in Fig. 2, the buck anchor is retained more rmly in its mortise. Forces pulling on the buck rod I2 tend to dislodge the buck anchor II in a direction toward the rail and transversely of the sides 20 lof the buck anchor and the co-acting mortise surfaces of the tie. These side surfaces 20 act as a fulcrurn for the buck rod I2 and the fulcrum is of relatively large proportions compared with the relatively smaller fulcrum surfaces of spikes or bolts used in ordinary track construction; such wide buck anchor surfaces 20 (as compared with the relatively smaller fulcrum surfaces of ordinary track spikes or bolts) seating within the tie 'and providing a metal fulcrum point for the bolt portion 12a or I2b of the buck rod is obviously much stronger and effective than an ordinary spike or bolt not having cooperating surfaces such as 20. In my fastener there is no wearing of metal against meta-l.

My improved railway track fasteners are preferably applied to the cross ties on the gage side of the rails, one fastener for each of the opposite rails supported by the tie. The fasteners steady and reenforce the rails so strongly and firmly that it should not be necessary to provide these improved fasteners on every cross tie but only on every second, third or fourth cross tie while at the same time effecting a marked lengthening of the effective life of all of `the ties, including those to which the fastener is not applied as well as the others. This I believe to be a novel result and a great improvement in `railroad engineering.

It is to be noted that the -buck rod, and which :may be about A; inch in diameter, not only transmits axial forces, as on the line Gli- 4D of Fig. 1, :and push and pull strains and the like strains from the tie plate to the buck anchor and `thus to the tie but in addition due to its length and being relatively smaller in transverse (diametric) section than the larger section of the buck anchor II taken transversely of the buck rod I2 and tie, as on the line 4|-4l of Fig. 1, the buck rod absorbs torsional twisting and transverse shocks and torsional strains and these are spent along the buck rod, and the buck anchor is unaffected by such torsional twisting and the like. The length of the buck anchor transversely of the buck rod and tie is such that the buck anchor is not twisted by forces from the buck rod and does not lbecome dislodged thereby.

As many changes in the structure and many different embodiments of the invention may -be made without departing from the scope of this invention it is understood that all matter contained in the above description and shown in the accompanying drawings be interpreted as illustrative'and not ina limitmgsense.

What I claim is:

1. A railway track fastener adapted to be associated with a wooden cross tie, said fastener including a tie plate, a buck anchor member having a downwardly protruding under portion adapted to seat tightly in a mortise provided therefor in a cross tie, and a rigid buck rod extending between and integrally joined to said tie plate and buck anchor member whereby when the buck anchor member is seated in the mortise strains and shocks imposed on said tie plate are resisted by the tie acting through said `buck anchor member and buck rod.

2. A railway track fastener adapted to be associated with a wooden cross tie, said 'fastener including a tie plate, a buck anchor member 4havingan elongated downwardly protruding under portion adapted to seat tightly in a mortise provided therefor in a cross tie with said elongated portion disposed transversely to the length of the tie and a rigid buck rod extending between and integrally joined to said tie plate and buck anchor member whereby when the buck anchor member is seated in the mortise strains and shocks imposedon said tie plates are resisted by the tie acting through said buckanchor member and buck rod.

3. A railway track fastener adapted to be associated with a wooden cross tie, said fastener including a tie plate, a buck anchor member having an elongated downward-ly protruding under portion having opposite side walls tapering downwardly and inwardly and adapted to seat tightly in a mortise provided therefor in a cross tie with said elongated portion disposed transversely to the length of the tie and a rigid buck rod extending between and integrally joined to said tie plate and buck anchor member whereby when the buck anchor member is seated in the mortise strains and shocks imposed on said tie plate are resisted by the tie acting through said buck anchor member and buck rod.

4. A railway track fastener adapted to be associated with a wooden cross tie, said fastener including a tie plate, a buck anchor member having an elongated downwardly protruding under portion having opposite side walls tapering downwardly and inwardly and being convexly curved horizontally and adapted to seat tightly in a mortise provided therefor in a cross tie with said elongated portion disposed transversely to the length of the tie and a rigid buck rod extending 'between and integrally joined to said tie plate and buck anchor member whereby when the buck anchor member is seated in the mortise strains and shocks imposed on said tie plate are resisted by the tie acting through said ybuck anchor member and buck rod.

5. A railway track fastener adapted to be associated with a wooden cross tie, said fastener including a tie plate, a buck anchor member having an elongated downwardly protruding under portion having opposite side walls tapering downwardly and inwardly and being convexly curved horizontally and the bottom of the downwardly protruding portion being convex'ly arcuate longitudinally and adapted to seat tightly in a mortise provided therefor in a cross tie with said elongated portion disposed transversely to the length of the tie and a rigid buck rod extending between and integrally joined to said tie plate and buck anchor member whereby when the buck anchor member is seated in the mortise strains and shocks imposed on said tie plate are resisted -by the tie acting through said buck anchor member and buck rod.

6. A railway track fastener adapted to be associated with a wooden cross tie, said fastener including a tie plate, a buck anchor member having an elongated downwardly protruding under portion having opposite side walls tapering downwardly and inwardly and having downwardly extending outwardly projecting ribs on said side walls and adapted to seat tightly in a mortise provided therefor in a cross tie with said elongated portion disposed transversely to the length of the tie and a rigid buck rod extending between and integr-ally joined to said tie plate and 'buck anchor member whereby when the buck anchor member is seated in the mortise strains and shocks imposed on said tie plate are resisted by the tie acting through said buck anchor memlber and buck rod.

'7. A railway track fastener adapted to be associated with a wooden cross tie, said fastener including a tie plate, a buck anchor member having a peripheral rim, the under side of said rim being inclined downwardly and inwardly, and a center body portion protruding downwardly from the rim and a center body portion protruding upwardly from the rim and having a horizontal groove, and a rigid buck rod extending between said tie plate and buck anchor member and integrally joined to said tie plate and buck anchor member and seating in said groove of the buck anchor member, said rim and said downwardly protruding portion of the buck anchor member being adapted to be seated tightly in a mortise provided therefor in a cross tie whereby when the buck anchor member is seated in a tie mortise strains and shocks imposed on said tie plate are resisted by the tie acting through said buck anchor member and buck rod.

8. A railway track fastener as claimed in claim 2, and in which the buck anchor member has a downwardly extending hole and the rear portion of the buck rod is directed downwardly and extends through said hole and is also adapted to extend through a hole or bore provided therefor in the cross tie, and the lower` end of the buck rod is provided with means adjustable to clamp the buck rod and thereby the buck anchor member tightly to the tie.

9. A railway track fastener as claimed in claim 2, and in which the buck anchor member has a downwardly extending hole and the rear portion of the buck rod is directed downwardly and extends through said hole and is also adapted to extend through a hole or bore provided therefor in the cross tie, the lower end of said rear portion of the buck rod being threaded and provided with a threaded nut adapted to be tightened thereon against the under side of a cross tie on which the fastener is installed and to cause the said rear end portion of the buck rod to hold said buck anchor under portion tightly down in the tie mortise, and the lower end of the buck rod is provided with means adjustable to clamp the buck rod and thereby the buck anchor member tightly to the tie.

10. A railway track supporting assembly, including, in combination, a cross tie having a top surface area adapted to receive and support a tie plate thereon and having in its top surface a mortise spaced from said tie plate area lengthwise of the tie, a tie plate at said tie plate area of the tie, a buck anchor tightly seated in said mortise and a buck rod joining and integrally fastened to said tie plate and buck anchor, whereby shocks and strains impressed on said tie plate are opposed by said buck anchor and buck rod.

11. A railway track supporting assembly as claimed in claim 10 and in which the buck anchor and the tie mortise are longer transversely than lengthwise of the cross tie.

12. A railway track supporting assembly as claimed in claim 10 and in which the buck anchor and the tie mortise are longer transversely than lengthwise of the cross tie and the opposite longer sides of the buck anchor and mortise incline downwardly and inwardly at corresponding angles to the vertical.

13. A railway track supporting assembly as claimed in claim 10 and in which the buck anchor and the tie mortise are longer transversely than lengthwise of the cross tie and the opposite longer sides of the buck anchor and mortise incline downwardly and inwardly at corresponding angles to the vertical and the depth of the mortise is greater than the distance the buck anchor extends down into the mortise.

14. A railway track supporting assembly as claimed in claim 10 and in which the buck anchor and tie have aligning downwardly extending holes or bores and the rear portion of the buck rod extends downwardly through said holes, the lower end of the buck rod being threaded and having a nut thereon whereby the buck anchor is bolted tightly in said mortise of the tie.

15. A railway buck device adapted to be associated with a tie plate and a cross tie, said device including an elongated buck anchor part adapted to seat on and to extend transversely on a face of a cross tie and a buck rod part integrally xed to the buck anchor part and extending horizontally outwardly therefrom transversely to the line of elongation of the buck anchor part, the buck rod part being adapted to be rigidly attached at its outer end to a tie plate and the buck anchor part being adapted to be xedly attached to a cross tie.

16. A railway buck device as set forth in claim 15 and in which the buck anchor part has a downwardly directed hole or bore therethrough and the buck rod part has a bolt-like rear portion directed downwardly and extending through said hole and adapted to extend through a hole provided therefor in a cross tie when the buck device is mounted in proper position thereon, the lower end of said rod being threaded to receive a nut disposed underneath such a tie.

17. The method of assembling a cross tie, a tie plate, and a buck device having a buck body and a horizontally extending buck rod, into a railway track supporting assembly, which method includes cutting in a cross tie a tie plate bearing surface and a mortise spaced a distance rearwardly of the tie plate bearing surface, pressing the body of a buck device tightly into the mortise with the buck rod extending to and with its outer end overlapping said tie plate bearing surface, placing and holding a tie plate to gage on said bearing surface and then welding said overlapping end of the buck rod to the tie plate while the tie plate is held in gage position on the tie.

18. The method of assembling a cross tie, a tie plate, a buck anchor having a central Vertical hole therein, and a buck rod having a buck portion and a bolt portion threaded at its free end and angularly related to the buck portion, into a railway track supporting assembly, which method includes, so disposing said buck rod in the said hole in the buck anchor that the buck portion of the buck rod extends horizontally from the buck anchor and the bolt portion of the buck rod extends downwardly from the buck anchor, cutting in the tie a tie plate bearing surface and a mortise for the buck anchor spaced rearwardly about one foot from the tie bearing surface and boring a bolt holt for the bolt portion of the buck rod through the tie downwardly from said mortise, inserting the bolt portion of the buck rod downwardly through said bolt hole and pressing the buck anchor tightly into said mortise with the buck portion extending to and its outer end overlapping said tie plate bearing surface, anchoring the free end of said bolt portion of the buck rod tightly against the under surface of the tie, placing and holding a tie plate to gage on said tie plate bearing surface and under the outer end of the buck portion of the buck rod and welding the outer end of said buck portion of the buck rod to the tie plate while positioned to gage on the tie.

HERSCHEL LEE RUSHING.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,050,580 Volk Jan. 14, 1913 1,189,489 Russell July 4. 1916 1,767,453 Hewitt June 24, 1930

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