US2610919A - Rust inhibiting composition - Google Patents
Rust inhibiting composition Download PDFInfo
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- US2610919A US2610919A US675443A US67544346A US2610919A US 2610919 A US2610919 A US 2610919A US 675443 A US675443 A US 675443A US 67544346 A US67544346 A US 67544346A US 2610919 A US2610919 A US 2610919A
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 30
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 title description 4
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 4
- YDZIJQXINJLRLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxydodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC(O)C(O)=O YDZIJQXINJLRLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 16
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000158728 Meliaceae Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- JJTUDXZGHPGLLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactide Chemical compound CC1OC(=O)C(C)OC1=O JJTUDXZGHPGLLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 235000019271 petrolatum Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000004264 Petrolatum Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229940066842 petrolatum Drugs 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;7-fluoro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound N.OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C2=NON=C12 JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012184 mineral wax Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000015110 jellies Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- HXKXBCBZXXQPPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromododecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC(Br)C(O)=O HXKXBCBZXXQPPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000978 Pb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WIKSRXFQIZQFEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu].[Pb] Chemical compound [Cu].[Pb] WIKSRXFQIZQFEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000001465 calcium Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 copper-lead alloys Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008274 jelly Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019809 paraffin wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenenickel Chemical compound [Ni]=S WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HIFJUMGIHIZEPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid;sulfur trioxide Chemical compound O=S(=O)=O.OS(O)(=O)=O HIFJUMGIHIZEPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M1/00—Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants
- C10M1/08—Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants with additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/04—Ethers; Acetals; Ortho-esters; Ortho-carbonates
- C10M2207/044—Cyclic ethers having four or more ring atoms, e.g. furans, dioxolanes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
- C10M2207/128—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids containing hydroxy groups; Ethers thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/287—Partial esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
- C10M2219/044—Sulfonic acids, Derivatives thereof, e.g. neutral salts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/12—Inhibition of corrosion, e.g. anti-rust agents or anti-corrosives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/08—Hydraulic fluids, e.g. brake-fluids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2070/00—Specific manufacturing methods for lubricant compositions
- C10N2070/02—Concentrating of additives
Definitions
- My invention relates to compositions whichin contact with metals prevent or retard the corrosion thereof.
- the compositions are especially suitable for preventing the rusting of iron and steel surfaces but may be employed to inhibit the corrosion, due to water or moisture, of nonferrous metals including copper, brass,-bronze, zinc, aluminum, magnesium alloys, and bearing metals, such as copper-lead alloys, nickel alloys, sulfur-nickel alloys, etc.
- compositions may be used as lubricating or hydraulic oils, or, depending upon the concentration of active ingredients, may be added to such oils in such amounts as to impart their corrosion-inhibiting properties thereto; others are particularly valuable for use, in lieu of the usually-employed slushing oils and other protectorants, in the preservation, for example. of idle machinery, storage drums, castings, tools, spare parts, etc.
- a composition according to my invention is prepared by compounding with a mineral oil, such as a petroleum oil, or with a mineral wax or jelly, such as paraffin wax or petrolatum, calcium mahogany sulphonate and alpha-hydroxylauric acid or the product resulting upon the partial self-esterification of such acid.
- a mineral oil such as a petroleum oil
- a mineral wax or jelly such as paraffin wax or petrolatum, calcium mahogany sulphonate and alpha-hydroxylauric acid or the product resulting upon the partial self-esterification of such acid.
- Calcium mahogany sulfonate is produced by the neutralization with lime of sludger'frea sulfuric acid-treated petroleum oil and isthus' distinguished from calcium green acid sulfonate obtained by reaction of acid sludge with lime. It is my usual practice to employ the calcium mahogany sulfonatein the form of a concentrate in the oilifrom which it was derived.
- the concentration of the 'sulphonate in the mineral oil or wax base should at least slightly exceed the concentration of the acid orpartially esterified acid.
- the total concentration ofthe two "components is determined by practical considerations- Thus, I may prepareoil concentrates for shipping purposes, suitable ior subsequent dilution with additionalquantities of oil, having much higher concentrations of the addends than are necessary for adequate protection of the particular metal surfaces to be protected.
- the maximumtotal concentrationoi these concentrates is determined only by the solubility of the co-acting materials in the particular oil being employed.
- compositions as prepared for use therefore, generally contain the sulphonate and acid or esterified acid in such concentrations.
- Treatment of a :metalsurface with a composition prepared according to my invention may involve a single or intermittently repeated contact of the surface with the composition or the composition may be maintained in a continuous contact with the surface.
- the method of application is determined by the particular. circumstances including the equipment available. In some instances, treatment may be by dipping or immersion, while in other instances, it may be considered most advantageous to spray or brush the surface with the composition.
- the corrosion-inhibiting composition may in some cases be melted before use, while in other cases it may be applied in the manner of a wax.
- the calcium mahogany sulfonate employed in the exeriments on which the examples are based was prepared by treatment of a 200 viscosity midcontinent neutral oil with fuming sulfuric acid,
- Example 2 0.5 part of partially self-esterified alpha-hydroxylauric acid was blended with 99.5 parts of the base oil. Panels dipped in this blend and placed in the humidity cabinet rusted in 24 hours. Increasing the amount ,of the additive to 1% increased the humidity cabinet life to 96 hours.
- Example 3 0.5 part of unesterifled alpha-hydroxylauric acid wasmixed with 99.5 parts of the base oil
- the alpha-hydroxylauric acid used in the ex-; periments was prepared in the following manner: 2790 grams (10 moles) of crude alpha-bromolauric acid and a solutionv of 1680 grams ('30 moles) of potassium hydroxide in 6.7 liters of water were introduced into a '5 gallon Pfaudler kettle. Upon heating to reflux, the organicphase dissolved completely. The solution was reacted at reflux for about 8 hours. It was then acidified with 3 liters of concentrated hydrochloric acid, with prolonged stirring. The aqueous phase was then drawn off at about 170 F. The crude alphahydroxylauric acid was given a second acid wash,
- the base oil in the case of Examples 1 to 5 was a solvent extracted Mid-Continent SAE aircraft oil of the following characteristics:
- Example 4 One part of alpha-hydroxylauric acid, 5 parts oi th'e sulfonate concentrate and 94 parts of the base oil were mixed and the blend tested bythe humidity cabinet procedure.- One panel had a cabinet life of 312 hours, the other a life of .408 hours.
- Example 5 One part of partially self-esterifled alphahydroxylauric acid, 5 parts of the 'sulfonate concentrate and 94 parts of the base oil were mixed and tested by the usual procedure. One panel had a life of 528 hours,-the other a life of 408 hours. Increasing the quantity of sulfonate concentrate to 7.5 parts and decreasing'the amount of base oil commensurately to 91.5 parts did not increase the humidity cabinet life. 1
- Example 7 The test of Example 6 was repeated with the same result using a blend containing 71 parts of the petrolatum, 23 parts of the neutral extract, 5 parts of the sulfonate concentrate and 1 part of partially self-esterified alpha-hydroxylauric acid.
- Example 8 The test of Example 6 was repeated with the same result using a blend containing 71 parts of the petrolatum, 20.5 parts of the neutral extract, 7.5 parts of the sulfonate concentrate and 1 part of partially self-esterified alpha-hydroxylauric acid.
- Example 9 The test of Example 6 was repeated with the same result using a blend containing 71 parts of the petrolatum, 20.5 parts of the neutral extract, 7.5 parts of the sulfonate concentrate and 1 part of unesterified alpha-hydroxylauric acid.
- Example 10 may be present in the oil a viscosity index iniprover, for example, or a dye to improve the color, or an oxidation inhibitor, or a foam suppress-or or all of these. Since calcium sulfonate is an efiective detergent, it is usually unnecessary to add a detergent as a separate item when compounding a crank case or other oil to specifications demanding the presence of a detergent.
- a composition adapted to inhibit the rusting of iron and steel consisting essentially of a mineral oil as its base and about 1-2% calcium mahogany sulfonate and about 0.5-1% of a material of the group consisting of alpha-hydroxy lauric acid and the product resulting upon partial self-esterification of such acid and which contains in admixture the acid, the semi-lactide esterification product of the acid, and a relatively minor proportion of the lactide esterification product of the acid.
- a composition adapted to inhibit the rusting of iron and steel consisting essentially of a base substance from the group consisting of mineral oils and waxes and jellies derived therefrom and about 12% of calcium mahogany sulf-onate and about 0.5-1% of alpha-hydroxy lauric acid.
- a composition adapted to inhibit the rusting of iron and steel consisting essentially of abase substance from the group consisting of mineral oils and waxes and jellies derived therefrom and about 1-2% of calcium mahogany sulfonate and about '0.5-1% of the product resulting upon partial self-esterification oi alpha-hydroxy lauric acid and which contains in admixture the acid, the semi-lactide esterification product of the acid, and a relatively minor proportion of the lactide esterification product of the acid.
- composition according to claim 3 where v the partial self-esterification product is that which predominates in the compound formed upon condensation of two molecules of alphahydroxy lauric acid with the elimination f one molecule of water.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Preventing Corrosion Or Incrustation Of Metals (AREA)
Description
Patented Sept. 1 6, 1952 RUST INHIBITING COMPOSITION Milton P. Kleinho'lz, East Chicago, 1nd,, assignor" I a to Sinclair Refining Company, New York; N. Y.,
a corporation of Maine No Drawing. Application June 8, 1946,
, Serial No. 675,443
My invention relates to compositions whichin contact with metals prevent or retard the corrosion thereof. The compositions are especially suitable for preventing the rusting of iron and steel surfaces but may be employed to inhibit the corrosion, due to water or moisture, of nonferrous metals including copper, brass,-bronze, zinc, aluminum, magnesium alloys, and bearing metals, such as copper-lead alloys, nickel alloys, sulfur-nickel alloys, etc.
Some of my compositions may be used as lubricating or hydraulic oils, or, depending upon the concentration of active ingredients, may be added to such oils in such amounts as to impart their corrosion-inhibiting properties thereto; others are particularly valuable for use, in lieu of the usually-employed slushing oils and other protectorants, in the preservation, for example. of idle machinery, storage drums, castings, tools, spare parts, etc.
A composition according to my invention is prepared by compounding with a mineral oil, such as a petroleum oil, or with a mineral wax or jelly, such as paraffin wax or petrolatum, calcium mahogany sulphonate and alpha-hydroxylauric acid or the product resulting upon the partial self-esterification of such acid.
Calcium mahogany sulfonate is produced by the neutralization with lime of sludger'frea sulfuric acid-treated petroleum oil and isthus' distinguished from calcium green acid sulfonate obtained by reaction of acid sludge with lime. It is my usual practice to employ the calcium mahogany sulfonatein the form of a concentrate in the oilifrom which it was derived.
As between the unesterified acid and the partially self-esterifled acid, I prefer the latter because it affords somewhat better'resultsa The esterification of alpha-hydroxylauric acid pro ceeds with the formation of lactide-type compounds as illustrated by the following equations in which R=CH122 RCHOHCOOH+BCHOHOOOH Ron-coon:
0=c1cn0H -R I Seml-lactide ncnonooon+ncnoncoon R-CH-CO pc':'cn-a Lactlde In preparing the esterified material for use in the practice of my invention, it is advantageous to 4' Claims. (Gl.106--14) inthe'lactide. The reaction is easily efiected by heating the acid at a temperature of the order of 200-250 F., most suitably in the presence of a solvent, such as toluene, while providing for the removal of the water oflreaction.
For best results, I have found that the concentration of the 'sulphonate in the mineral oil or wax base should at least slightly exceed the concentration of the acid orpartially esterified acid. The total concentration ofthe two "components is determined by practical considerations- Thus, I may prepareoil concentrates for shipping purposes, suitable ior subsequent dilution with additionalquantities of oil, having much higher concentrations of the addends than are necessary for adequate protection of the particular metal surfaces to be protected. The maximumtotal concentrationoi these concentrates is determined only by the solubility of the co-acting materials in the particular oil being employed.
I have determined that, in general, excellent protection is obtained with a sulphonate concentration of from 1-2% on the total Weight of the composition and an acid or partially esterified acid concentration on the same basis of from 0.54%. My compositions as prepared for use, therefore, generally contain the sulphonate and acid or esterified acid in such concentrations.
Treatment of a :metalsurface with a composition prepared according to my invention may involve a single or intermittently repeated contact of the surface with the composition or the composition may be maintained in a continuous contact with the surface. Where the composition is applied as a protective coating to articles such as tools, castings, and the like, the method of application is determined by the particular. circumstances including the equipment available. In some instances, treatment may be by dipping or immersion, while in other instances, it may be considered most advantageous to spray or brush the surface with the composition. When prepared as a material which is solid at ordinary temperatures, the corrosion-inhibiting composition may in some cases be melted before use, while in other cases it may be applied in the manner of a wax.
. My invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which show, inter alia, that my additives co- -act in a synergistic manner, the total efiect being much greater than the sum of the two effects taken independently. In thetest referred to in Examples 1-5, two steel panels measuring about 2 x 3".x A3" are sand-blasted to give a fresh metal surface. They are then dipped in the material under test for one minute,
3 drained 4 hours, and placed in a cabinet maintained at 100% humidity at 120 F. At 24 or 48 hour periods, the panels are inspected for rust spots or areas.
The calcium mahogany sulfonate employed in the exeriments on which the examples are based was prepared by treatment of a 200 viscosity midcontinent neutral oil with fuming sulfuric acid,
followed by separation of the resulting sludge and reaction of the mahogany acids in the acid 011 with lime. The resultant oil after steam .reduction to bottoms contained about 25% of calcium mahogany sulfonate and tested as follows:
4 Example 2 0.5 part of partially self-esterified alpha-hydroxylauric acid was blended with 99.5 parts of the base oil. Panels dipped in this blend and placed in the humidity cabinet rusted in 24 hours. Increasing the amount ,of the additive to 1% increased the humidity cabinet life to 96 hours.
, Example 3 0.5 part of unesterifled alpha-hydroxylauric acid wasmixed with 99.5 parts of the base oil The alpha-hydroxylauric acid used in the ex-; periments was prepared in the following manner: 2790 grams (10 moles) of crude alpha-bromolauric acid and a solutionv of 1680 grams ('30 moles) of potassium hydroxide in 6.7 liters of water were introduced into a '5 gallon Pfaudler kettle. Upon heating to reflux, the organicphase dissolved completely. The solution was reacted at reflux for about 8 hours. It was then acidified with 3 liters of concentrated hydrochloric acid, with prolonged stirring. The aqueous phase was then drawn off at about 170 F. The crude alphahydroxylauric acid was given a second acid wash,
followed by two water washes at about 190 R, at which temperature the organic acid is molten and more readily handled. The crude, wet, molten acid obtained analyzed 200 acid number, 0.2% bromine and 0.06% sulfate ash. It weighed 2637 grams, and soon solidified.
In the preparation of the partially self -esterified alpha-hydroxylauric acid tested according to the examples, 2570 grams of the'crude alphahydroxylauric acid was heated'in an open flask over an 8 hour period, the course of the reaction being followed by acid numbers run on hourly samples. The acid number at the endof the 8 hour period was 174 as against 215 after 3 hours heating. The product was an orange-brown oil which solidified at room temperature.
The base oil in the case of Examples 1 to 5 was a solvent extracted Mid-Continent SAE aircraft oil of the following characteristics:
Gravity, API 25.8 Flash point, "P p 550 Fire point, F 625 Vis. SSU 1751.8 Vis. SSU 680.4 Vis. 210 SSU .122 Pour point, F +5 Color NPA 0+ ASTM ash, per cent 0.00 Carbon residue, per cent i 0.36
heated at 1. Although the acid at the stated temperature appeared to dissolve in the oil, it precipitated upon cooling to room temperature.
A subsequently prepared mixture containing 0.5 part of alpha-hydroxylauric acid, 5 parts of the sulfonate concentrate and 94.5 parts of the base oil .remained clear on standing and protected steel panels against rusting in the humidity cabinet for about 300 hours. i
- Example 4 One part of alpha-hydroxylauric acid, 5 parts oi th'e sulfonate concentrate and 94 parts of the base oil were mixed and the blend tested bythe humidity cabinet procedure.- One panel had a cabinet life of 312 hours, the other a life of .408 hours.
Example 5 One part of partially self-esterifled alphahydroxylauric acid, 5 parts of the 'sulfonate concentrate and 94 parts of the base oil were mixed and tested by the usual procedure. One panel had a life of 528 hours,-the other a life of 408 hours. Increasing the quantity of sulfonate concentrate to 7.5 parts and decreasing'the amount of base oil commensurately to 91.5 parts did not increase the humidity cabinet life. 1
Example 6 Gravity, API 19.8 Flash point, F. 465
Vis.210 SSU c 75.2 Acid N0. 1.5 Melting point, F -157.8 Calcium,-per cent .073 Sulfur, per cent 0.34
Duplicate steel panels of thesame measurements as the panels of thepreceding examples, after sand-blasting, were dipped in the blend which had been heated to 180 F., and allowed to drain overnight. They were then suspended at an angle of 45 to the earths surface'on an unshaded southern exposure. No {rust had formed after 30 days. i v a T I The'East Texas neutral extract'and the petrolatum employed in the preparation of the blend had the following properties:
MeltingPoint "F Neutral Potrola- Extract tum Gravity APL. 33.3 Fl sh Point "F 555 Fire Point F. 630 Vis.100SSU Vis. 210 SSU... 79.8 Acid No 0.0 Seponification No 0'84 Example 7 The test of Example 6 was repeated with the same result using a blend containing 71 parts of the petrolatum, 23 parts of the neutral extract, 5 parts of the sulfonate concentrate and 1 part of partially self-esterified alpha-hydroxylauric acid.
The properties of this blend were as follows:
Gravity, API 20.8 Flash point, F. 485 Vis. 210 SSU 74.9 Acid No. 1.1 Melting point, F. 156.8 Calcium, per cent .073 Sulfur, per cent 0.33
Example 8 The test of Example 6 was repeated with the same result using a blend containing 71 parts of the petrolatum, 20.5 parts of the neutral extract, 7.5 parts of the sulfonate concentrate and 1 part of partially self-esterified alpha-hydroxylauric acid.
The properties of this blend were as follows:
Gravity, API 20.5 Flash point, F. 470 Vis. 210 SSU 78.1 Acid No. 1.0 Melting point, F. 157.0 Calcium, per cent 0.111 .Sulfur, per cent 0.33
Earample 9 The test of Example 6 was repeated with the same result using a blend containing 71 parts of the petrolatum, 20.5 parts of the neutral extract, 7.5 parts of the sulfonate concentrate and 1 part of unesterified alpha-hydroxylauric acid.
The properties of this blend were as follows:
Gravity, API 20.8 Flash point, F. 475 Vis. 210 SSU 75.8. Acid No. 1.3 Melting point, F. 156.0 Calcium, per cent 0.112 Sulfur, per cent 0.36
Example 10 may be present in the oil a viscosity index iniprover, for example, or a dye to improve the color, or an oxidation inhibitor, or a foam suppress-or or all of these. Since calcium sulfonate is an efiective detergent, it is usually unnecessary to add a detergent as a separate item when compounding a crank case or other oil to specifications demanding the presence of a detergent.
I claim:
l. A composition adapted to inhibit the rusting of iron and steel consisting essentially of a mineral oil as its base and about 1-2% calcium mahogany sulfonate and about 0.5-1% of a material of the group consisting of alpha-hydroxy lauric acid and the product resulting upon partial self-esterification of such acid and which contains in admixture the acid, the semi-lactide esterification product of the acid, and a relatively minor proportion of the lactide esterification product of the acid.
2. A composition adapted to inhibit the rusting of iron and steel consisting essentially of a base substance from the group consisting of mineral oils and waxes and jellies derived therefrom and about 12% of calcium mahogany sulf-onate and about 0.5-1% of alpha-hydroxy lauric acid.
3. A composition adapted to inhibit the rusting of iron and steel consisting essentially of abase substance from the group consisting of mineral oils and waxes and jellies derived therefrom and about 1-2% of calcium mahogany sulfonate and about '0.5-1% of the product resulting upon partial self-esterification oi alpha-hydroxy lauric acid and which contains in admixture the acid, the semi-lactide esterification product of the acid, and a relatively minor proportion of the lactide esterification product of the acid.
4. A composition according to claim 3 where v the partial self-esterification product is that which predominates in the compound formed upon condensation of two molecules of alphahydroxy lauric acid with the elimination f one molecule of water.
- MILTON P. KLEINHOLZ.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date I 2,182,992 Lebo Dec. 12, 1939 2,281,676 Cook May 5, 1942 2,334,158 Fuchs et al. Nov. 9, 1943 2,348,715 Adams May 16, 1944 2,383,033 Adams et al Aug. 21, 1945 2,398,193 Sharp Apr. 9, 1946 2,403,928 Kleinholz July 16, 1946
Claims (1)
1. A COMPOSITION ADAPTED TO INHIBIT THE RUSTING OF IRON AND STEEL CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF A MINERAL OIL AS ITS BASE AND ABOUT 1-2% CALCIUM MAHOGANY SULFONATE AND ABOUT 0.5-1% OF A MATERIAL OF THE GROUP CONSISTING OF ALPHA-HYDROXY LAURIC ACID AND THE PRODUCT RESULTING UPON PARTIAL SELF-ESTERIFICATION OF SUCH ACID AND WHICH CONTAINS IN ADMIXTURE THE ACID, THE SEMI-LACTIDE ESTERIFICATION PRODUCT OF THE ACID, AND A RELATIVELY MINOR PROPORTION OF THE LACTIDE ESTERIFICATION PRODUCT OF THE ACID.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US675443A US2610919A (en) | 1946-06-08 | 1946-06-08 | Rust inhibiting composition |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US675443A US2610919A (en) | 1946-06-08 | 1946-06-08 | Rust inhibiting composition |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2610919A true US2610919A (en) | 1952-09-16 |
Family
ID=24710520
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US675443A Expired - Lifetime US2610919A (en) | 1946-06-08 | 1946-06-08 | Rust inhibiting composition |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2610919A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2893887A (en) * | 1954-05-03 | 1959-07-07 | Huber Corp J M | Long flow carbon |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2182992A (en) * | 1937-09-24 | 1939-12-12 | Stanco Inc | Corrosion preventive |
| US2281676A (en) * | 1939-07-08 | 1942-05-05 | Tide Water Associated Oil Comp | Turbine oil |
| US2334158A (en) * | 1941-09-29 | 1943-11-09 | Shell Dev | Rust-preventive composition |
| US2348715A (en) * | 1941-06-25 | 1944-05-16 | Standard Oil Co | Slushing composition |
| US2383033A (en) * | 1942-11-02 | 1945-08-21 | Standard Oil Co | Lubricants |
| US2398193A (en) * | 1943-11-30 | 1946-04-09 | Standard Oil Co | Lubricant |
| US2403928A (en) * | 1945-08-09 | 1946-07-16 | Sinclair Refining Co | Composition |
-
1946
- 1946-06-08 US US675443A patent/US2610919A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2182992A (en) * | 1937-09-24 | 1939-12-12 | Stanco Inc | Corrosion preventive |
| US2281676A (en) * | 1939-07-08 | 1942-05-05 | Tide Water Associated Oil Comp | Turbine oil |
| US2348715A (en) * | 1941-06-25 | 1944-05-16 | Standard Oil Co | Slushing composition |
| US2334158A (en) * | 1941-09-29 | 1943-11-09 | Shell Dev | Rust-preventive composition |
| US2383033A (en) * | 1942-11-02 | 1945-08-21 | Standard Oil Co | Lubricants |
| US2398193A (en) * | 1943-11-30 | 1946-04-09 | Standard Oil Co | Lubricant |
| US2403928A (en) * | 1945-08-09 | 1946-07-16 | Sinclair Refining Co | Composition |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2893887A (en) * | 1954-05-03 | 1959-07-07 | Huber Corp J M | Long flow carbon |
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