US2659276A - Firearm cocking mechanism - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 17, 1953 l. MURRAY FIREARM COOKING MECHANISM Filed Sept? 27, 1946 l ...Iii ,r HU

Patented Nov. 17, 1953 FIREARM GOCKING MECHAN ISM Ian Murray, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada Application September 27, 1946, Serial No. 699,810

6 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in rearms of an automatic or semi-automatic nature.

An object of this invention is the provision of means for cocking high speed, powerful strikers in low powered automatic or semi-automatic rearms.

A further object is to increase the accuracy of all types of firearms.

The use of high speed ring pins in rearms is becoming more and more important and today every eiort is being made to increase the speed of these firing pins in all types of rearms, including the low priced iield. The importance of this is indicated by the fact that the amount of human error is directly proportional to the ring pin speed. High speed firing pins have been used successfully in single-shot guns and manually operated repeaters, but they have not been used in popular automatic arms and especially in target pistols where its benets are very noticeable.

In an automatic or semi-automatic rearm incorporating the present invention, very strong striker and recoil springs may be used even if it is a low powered weapon. A cooking lever is mounted in such a manner that considerable leverage is used for cooking the striker and compressing the recoil spring.

This invention is more or less diagrammatically illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through a firearm incorporating this invention,

Figure 2 is a side elevation of this firearm,

Figure 3 is a section taken on the line 3--3 of Figure l, and

Figure 4 is an enlarged end elevation of the bolt.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, the iirearm shown is a semi-automatic pistol having a barrel IIl, bolt housing II, trigger I2, trigger guard I3, butt I4, and a cartridge magazine I5 removably positioned in the latter. The safety, extractor, and ejector have been omitted for the sake of clarity, as these are all of conventional construction and operation.

A substantially semi-cylindrical hollow bolt I'I having a iiat bottom is slidable longitudinally of the housing II and is open at its inner end I8 which normally rests against the inner end of the barrel, while its outer end IS is closed and has a passage 2B extending therethrough, The bolt has cooking grips Ila, see Figure 2, at its outer end. This bolt has a projection 2| on its lower surface which rides in a slot 22 in the bottom of the housing, said projection being (o1. ssi-195) adapted to engage the outer end of the slot to limit the rearward movement of the bolt. The projection 2| is formed with a beveled shoulder 23 at the rearward end thereof.

5 A striker 26 is slidably mounted in the bolt I'I and has a striker pin 21 on its forward end adapted to strike the rim of a cartridge resting in the bore of the barrel to lire it in the usual manner. A rod 28 extends rearwardly from the striker through the passage 29 and has an adjusting nut 29 on the outer end thereof. A strong coil spring 3G surrounds this rod and lies between the striker and the end I9 of the bolt housing, said spring normally urging the striker towards and against D the inner end of the barrel. A lug 3I projects laterally from the striker adjacent its rearward end.

A Sear 33 is pivotally mounted at one end on the side of the striker 26 and spring means, not

shown, urge the outer end of the sear downwardly. When the striker is moved rearwardly in relation to the bolt I'I, the sear engages a shoulder 34 formed on said bolt to retain the striker in this position. At this time, the free end of the sear lies above a disconnector 35 which extends upwardly from the trigger I2, to which it is pivotally connected at 36. When the trigger is squeezed, the disconnector moves upwardly to raise the sear and disengage it from the shoulder 34, and then the spring 30 urges the striker forward to fire the cartridge.

A spring housing 39 is mounted in and extends the full length of the butt I4 behind the maga zine I 5, and a support 4I) extends forwardly from said housing beside the magazine. A relatively long cooking lever 4I is pivotally mounted at 42 on the support 40 and extends upwardly beside the bolt and engages the lug 3| of the striker. This lever diverges from the upper towards the lower end thereof and it has a rounded surface 43 near its free end which bears against a shoulder 44 formed on the side of the bolt which also has a rounded surface t5 at its lowermost corner.

A retarding pin 4l rides in the upper end of the housing 39 and has a bevelled shoulder d8 r' adapted to cooperate with the bevelled projection 23 of the bolt. This pin has a fiat upper surface 43, and it rests on a strong recoil spring in the housing 39 which may be anchored at its lower end or it may rest on a bearing piece 5I which presses against the upper corner of a latch 52 pivoted at 53 for removably retaining themagazine I5 in its place in the butt. The retarding pin has a lug 5d on one side normally spaced from a lever arm 55 extending rearwardly from the cooking lever adjacent its pivot.

The gun is initially cocked manually by grasping the cooking grips 11a and retracting the bolt. This aotuates the cooking and loading mechanism as hereinafter described relative to the semiautomatic cycle of operation. The striker 26 remains in the cocked position since the sear 33 now engages the shoulder 34 on the bolt.

When the trigger is squeezed, the disconnector 35 lifts the sear from the shoulder 34, and the spring 3U drives the striker forwardly. The striker pin res the cartridge in the barrel, and the force of the explosion forces the cartridge case back against the bolt H, thusr moving it rearwardly. The bevelled shoulder 23 bearing against the bevelled' shoulder 38 of the retarding pin 41 presses the latter downwardly. l At the same time, the

shoulder 44 of the bolt moves the cooking lever 4I rearwardly around its pivot 42. By the vtime the retarding pinA has completely .disengaged the shoulder 23, the lever arm 55 presses against thel outermost position (when the proj eotion 2 l lstrikes 'the end-of the 'slot 22) the vcartridge case has been "ejected in the usual manner through'an opening inthe bolt housing i l. Stand 'recessed themselves. The recoil spring causes the bolt to move forward until it engages Vthe gun barrel and the pin 41'retain's it 5in place, `while'theA striker 'spring -moves the striker forward only until the Sear 33 engages the shoulder 3'4. As the bolt moves, it strips a cartridge in the wel-lknown manner from the magazine `I5 Aand presses 'it into the barrel. The pin 41 wedges and "retains thebolt'in this position.l 'Since the trigger is still squeezed, the disconnector is in its upward 'position and is pressed forward bythe end of the sear. The trigger must then be released to permit the disconnector to drop to its normal position beneath the-Sear 'ready -for the next shot. The pistol is now cocked and Vready for firing. This disconnecting action Yprevents'the gun from actingin a fully automatic manner.

The leverage `afforded by the cooking-lever 4I permits lvery strong recoil and striker springs to be used. Actually this lever functions in two completely dierent ways. First, its pivot 42 retains the lower end thereof `from movingrearwardly while pressure is applied to its rounded surface 43 by the shoulder 44. The latter actually acts as a fulorum point and this pressure is greatly magnified at the upper end of the lever, 4said magniedrpressure'being utilized -to compress the strong strikerspring. Secondly, the pivot 42 'acts as a fulcrum about which the lever and its arm pivot so that the pressure applied to the upper end of the lever is greatly magnified at the outer end of the lever arm. This magnified pressure compresses the strong recoil spring. This provides for a very rapid movement of the bolt and the striker. Furthermore, as the cooking lever diverges from its upper or free end, a wider portion of it separates the shoulder 44 and 1ug'3l 'at the outer position of the bolt than'when the'latter is in its inner position. Thus, the striker moves rearwardly during the bolt action farther than it would otherwise do, so that a shorter cooking lever may be used to obtain a certain degree of strikerr movement. It will be seen that the striker has a very short distance to travel before At this time, the springsA firing the cartridge and as the striker spring is quite powerful, ther time for this movement is very small, thus reducing the time for the human error" to creep in.

What I claim as my invention is:

1. A firearm including a movable bolt, a shoulder on the side of the bolt, a bevelled projection on the bolt, a striker slidably mounted inthe bolt, a lug projecting laterally from the striker near the bolt shoulder, a retarding pin having a bevelled shoulder extending towards the bolt, a projection extending from the pin, a recoil spring normally urging the pin shoulder into engagement with the .bevelled bolt projection, said pin retaining the bolt in the normal position thereof land being depressed by the bolt projection on the vrearward movement "of said bolt,A a cooking lever pivoted at its lower end and having its upperend rextending between the bolt shoulder and the striker lug, said lever slidably engaging the bolt shoulder adjacent the 'upper end of the lever and the lug at said upper end, andan arm projecting outwardly .from -the lever adjacent the pivot thereof fand normally spacedfrom the retardin g p'in projection, said cooking lever being 'rotated about its pivot by rearward movement of the bolt 4to move the ystriker rearwardly relative v f to the bolt and to move the lever arm to `com- `pressthe recoil spring after the retarding pin has been depressed by the bolt, and said compressed spring'returning the bolt to the forward position through the lever and the pin.

2. Arearm 'including a movable bolt, a bevelled projection formed on the bolt, a vretarding pin lying lat an angle to the bolt and having one end inline with the projection thereof, said pin having a bevelled shoulder engaging 'the projection bevel when the bolt is in its normal forward position, a recoil springnormally .pressing the ip'in towards the bolt to retain the pin shoulder against the bolt projection removably to retain .the bolt in its forward position, the -p'rojection and shoulder bevels "causing the 'pin to be -depressed against 'the spring 'pressure upon Arearward movement of the bolt when a 'cartridge is fired, a cooking lever .pivoted at its lower end and continuously and slidably engaging the boltat the upper end of said lever, anarmprojecting .outwardly fromk the lever adjacent the pivot thereof, and means adapted to connect the lever arm toan end of the spring, said cooking lever being rotated about its pivot byrearward movement of the bolt to move the `lever arm to compress lthe recoil spring,'and said compressedspring returning the bolt yto the forward 'position through the lever.

3. A firearm including amovable bolt, a striker slidable inrelation to said bolt, spring means nor' mally urging .the .striker towards the forwardtend of the bolt, a bevelled projection -formed yon the bolt, a retarding 'pin lying at an angle to the rbolt and having one end in line with the projection thereof, said'pin having a ybevelled shoulder encartridge is fired, a cooking lever'oontinuously and slidably engaging the bolt vand vthe .striker adapted to be moved by `said bolt` during rearward movement of the vlatter to cook the striker, -and meansadapted to connect the lever to an end fof the spring, said cocking lever being rotated about its pivot by rearward movement of the bolt to move the striker rearwardly relative to the bolt and to compress the recoil spring, and said compressed spring returning the bolt to the forward position through the lever.

4. A rearm including a movable bolt, a striker slidable in relation to said bolt, spring means normally urging the striker towards the forward end of the bolt, sear means for removably retaining the striker in a rearward position relative to the bolt, a bevelled projection formed on the bolt, a retarding pin lying at an angle to the boltand having one end in line with the projection thereof, said pin having a bevelled shoulder engaging the projection bevel when the bolt is in its normal forward position, a recoil spring normally pressing the pin towards the bolt to retain the pin shoulder against the bolt projection removably to retain the bolt in its forward position, the projection and shoulder bevels causing the pin to be depressed against the spring pressure upon rearward movement of the bolt when a cartridge is red, a cooking lever pivoted at its lower end, said lever slidably engaging the bolt continuously adjacent the upper end of the lever and the striker at said upper end, said lever being moved by the bolt during rearward movement of the latter to cock the striker, an arm projecting outwardly from the lever adjacent the pivot thereof, and means adapted to connect the lever arm to an end of the spring, said cocking lever being rotated about its pivot by rearward movement of the bolt to move the striker rearwardly relative to the bolt and to compress the recoil spring, and said compressed spring returning the bolt to the forward position through the lever.

5. A firearm including a movable bolt, a striker slidable in relation to said bolt, spring means normally urging the striker towards the forward end of the bolt, a bevelled projection formed on the bolt, a retarding pin lying at an angle to the bolt and having one end in line with the projection thereof, said pin having a bevelled shoulder engaging the projection bevel when the bolt is in its normal forward position, a recoil spring normally pressing the pin towards the bolt to retain the pin shoulder against the bolt projection removably to retain the bolt in its forward position, the projection and shoulder bevels causing the pin to be depressed against the spring pressure upon rearward movement of the bolt when a cartridge is fired, a projection extending outwardly from the retarding pin, a cooking lever pivoted at its lower end, said lever slidably engaging the bolt continuously adjacent the upper end of the lever and the striker at said upper end, said lever being moved by the bolt during rearward movement of the latter to cock the striker, and an arm projecting outwardly from the lever adjacent the pivot thereof and normally spaced from the pin projection, said cooking lever being rotated about its pivot by rearward movement of the bolt to move the striker rearwardly relative to the bolt and to move the lever arm to compress the recoil spring after the retarding pin has been depressed by the bolt, and said compressed spring returning the bolt to the forward position through the lever and the pin.

6. A rearm including a movable bolt, a striker carried by and slidable in relation to said bolt, spring means normally urging the striker towards the forward end of the bolt, Sear means for removably retaining the striker in a rearward position relative to the bolt, a recoil spring, a pivotally-mounted cooking lever with the pivot thereof at its lower end, said lever slidably engaging the bolt adjacent the upper end of the lever and the striker at said upper end, and a lever arm i'lxed to and projecting from the cooking lever adjacent the pivot thereof and engaging the recoil spring, said cooking lever being rotated about its pivot by rearward movement of the bolt to move the striker rearwardly relative to the bolt and to move the lever arm to compress the recoil spring, and said compressed spring returning the bolt to the forward position through the lever.

IAN MURRAY.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 317,162 Maxim May 5, 1885 571,260 Borchardt Nov. 10, 1896 642,018 Ternstrom Jan. 23, 1900 863,770 Whiting Aug. 20, 1907 1,387,938 Pedersen Aug. 16, 1921 1,391,498 Pedersen Sept. 20, 1921 1,450,653 Swebilius Apr. 3, 1923 2,351,976 Koucky June 20, 1944 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 603,705 France Jan. 12, 1926

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