US2532155A - Thixotropic investment material - Google Patents
Thixotropic investment material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2532155A US2532155A US778469A US77846947A US2532155A US 2532155 A US2532155 A US 2532155A US 778469 A US778469 A US 778469A US 77846947 A US77846947 A US 77846947A US 2532155 A US2532155 A US 2532155A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- investment
- soluble
- thixotropic
- molding material
- investment material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title description 19
- 230000009974 thixotropic effect Effects 0.000 title description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 ALUMINUM COMPOUND Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003112 potassium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005495 investment casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 3
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 235000011126 aluminium potassium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229940050271 potassium alum Drugs 0.000 description 2
- GRLPQNLYRHEGIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-J potassium aluminium sulfate Chemical compound [Al+3].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O GRLPQNLYRHEGIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- 229910001414 potassium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002895 organic esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000498 pewter Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010957 pewter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003388 sodium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002195 soluble material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/131—Inorganic additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
Definitions
- This application is concerned with the foundry molding art and more particularly with a process for the precision casting of metals by the investment or lost wax process.
- this process depends upon the use of a destructible pattern constructed of wax, low melting point metal, combustible or soluble material.
- a destructible pattern constructed of wax, low melting point metal, combustible or soluble material.
- Such a pattern is surrounded or invested in a hardenable mixture which is then permitted to set or harden.
- the mold so prepared and containing the pattern is then treated to remove the pattern. If wax is chosen as the pattern material it can be removed by gentle heating to melt the wax. A similar treatment can be applied to low melting metal patterns.
- the combustible or soluble patterns can be removed by heating or dissolving.
- the choice of pattern material for any particular use is dictated by considerations well known to those skilled in the art and need not be elaborated upon here.
- silica flour which is a form of very finely divided silica is the base material employed in the manufacture of the synthetic zeolite. To such silica flour is added water, an acid, a source of aluminum ions and a source of sodium and/or potassium ions. The following is a specific example of a method for preparing a successful investment material. A solution was prepared comprising:
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
Description
Patented Nov. 28, 1950 THIXOTROPIC INVESTMENT MATERIAL Elbert E. Ensign, Ypsilanti, Mich., assignor to Ford Motor Company, Dearborn, Mich., a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Application October 7, 1947, Serial No. 778,469
4 Claims. 1
This application is concerned with the foundry molding art and more particularly with a process for the precision casting of metals by the investment or lost wax process. Basically this process depends upon the use of a destructible pattern constructed of wax, low melting point metal, combustible or soluble material. Such a pattern is surrounded or invested in a hardenable mixture which is then permitted to set or harden. The mold so prepared and containing the pattern is then treated to remove the pattern. If wax is chosen as the pattern material it can be removed by gentle heating to melt the wax. A similar treatment can be applied to low melting metal patterns. The combustible or soluble patterns can be removed by heating or dissolving. The choice of pattern material for any particular use is dictated by considerations well known to those skilled in the art and need not be elaborated upon here.
There are many satisfactory investment materials for the lower melting alloys and metals such as pewter, aluminum, bronze, brass, etc. However, attempts to extend the use of investment casting to steel have met with only limited success because of the lack of a really satisfactory investment material. Such a material must be strong and thermally stable to give a faithful reproduction of the original pattern. In addition, it must be sufliciently refractory to remain in contact with molten steel at temperatures circa 3000 F. without fusing or gassing and must under these high temperatures impart to the metal a smooth surface. In addition to the above, a commercially successful investment material must be fairly cheap if precision casting is to be competitive with other methods of fabrication.
To date the most widely used investment molds for use with steel have contained silica obtained from the hydrolysis of ethyl silicate or other organic ester of silicic acid; While such organosilica compounds did yield satisfactory castings,
they are objectionable commercially because of To provide such an investment material for use in ferrous casting, applicant has taken advantage of the thixotropic properties of zeolitic materials, either natural or synthetic. When properly prepared these zeolitic investment materials have the property of remaining plastic indefinitely as long as they are kept agitated and the loss of moisture is prevented. Thus large batches of investment material may be prepared in advance and used as required.
While natural zeolitic materials may be used in the manufacture of applicant's investment material, considerations of economy, convenience and reproductibility of results dictate the use of the synthetic materials. Silica flour which is a form of very finely divided silica is the base material employed in the manufacture of the synthetic zeolite. To such silica flour is added water, an acid, a source of aluminum ions and a source of sodium and/or potassium ions. The following is a specific example of a method for preparing a successful investment material. A solution was prepared comprising:
Per cent Water 83.5 Sodium Phosphate 6.6 Potassium alum 3.4 Hydrochloric Acid 22 B 6.5
One part of this solution was mixed with three parts of fine silica flour and intensively agitated at room temperature. Under these conditions a reaction took place to yield a plastic, synthetic zeolite. The proportions given are by way of i1- lustration only and represent only one of an endless series of mixtures which can be employed for the same purpose. For example, ordinary sodium chloride can be employed instead of the sodium phosphate. Apparently it is only essential that a source of acid, aluminum ions and sodium and/ or potassium ions be added. However, the anions used should be selected with regard to their behavior during the firing and subsequent pouring of the mold.
The use of applicants thixotropic zeolitic investment materials requires no variation from previously developed techniques based upon the use of organic silicates. The only precaution to be observed is the constant agitation of the zeolitic material to prevent setting. The unused zeolite should, of course, be protected from loss of moisture.
What is claimed is:
l. The process of preparing a thixotropic investment material comprising mixing by weight 83.5 parts of water, 6.6 parts of sodium phosphate, 3.4 parts of potassium alum, 6.5 parts of 22 B. hydrochloric acid, adding to the solution so formed three times its weight of fine silica flour, and intensively agitating the mix at room temperature.
2. The process of preparing thixotropic investment molding material comprising mixing an aqueous solution containing a soluble acid and a soluble aluminum compound and a soluble compound chosen from the group consisting of sodium and potassium compounds with sufficient silica flour to give a molding material of the desired consistency and intensively agitating the mix.
3. The process of preparing a thixotropic investment molding material comprising mixing an aqueous solution containing a soluble acid, a soluble aluminum compound and a soluble sodium compound with sufficient silica flour to give a molding material of the desired consistency.
4. The process of preparing a thixotropic investment molding material comprising mixing an aqueous solution containing a soluble acid,
4 REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,052,514 Poulson Feb. 11, 1913 1,756,623 Behrman Aug. 29, 1930 1,872,183 Porter Aug. 16. 1932 1,889,007 Wallace Nov. 29, 1932 2,193,346 Ruddle Mar. 12, 1940 2,213,530 Montero Sept. 3, 1940 2,233,701 Grossman Mar. 4, 1941 2,237,592 Dunbeck Apr. 8, 1941 2,237,593 Dunbeck Apr. 8, 1941 2,256,456 Dietert Sept. 16, 1941 OTHER REFERENCES American Foundryman, April 1947, page 36.
20 (Copy in Division 3.)
and soluble aluminum compound and a soluble 25 and their Physical Properties. by C. S. Ross and potassium compound with sufficient silica flour to give a molding material of the desired consistency.
ELBERT E. ENSIGN.
Earl V. shamon, pages 88-90.
Claims (1)
- 2. THE PROCESS OF PREPARING THIXOTROPHIC INVESTMENT MOLDING MATERIAL COMPRISING MIXING AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION CONTAINING A SOLUBLE ACID AND A SOLUBLE ALUMINUM COMPOUND AND A SOLUBLE COMPOUND CHOSEN FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF SODIUM AND POTASSIUM COMPOUNDS WITH SUFFICIENT SILICA FLOUR TO GIVE A MOLDING MATERIAL OF THE DESIRED CONSISTENCY AND INTENSIVELY AGITATING THE MIX.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US778469A US2532155A (en) | 1947-10-07 | 1947-10-07 | Thixotropic investment material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US778469A US2532155A (en) | 1947-10-07 | 1947-10-07 | Thixotropic investment material |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2532155A true US2532155A (en) | 1950-11-28 |
Family
ID=25113448
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US778469A Expired - Lifetime US2532155A (en) | 1947-10-07 | 1947-10-07 | Thixotropic investment material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2532155A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6458423B1 (en) | 1999-08-03 | 2002-10-01 | David M. Goodson | Sprayable phosphate cementitious coatings and a method and apparatus for the production thereof |
Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1052514A (en) * | 1911-04-14 | 1913-02-11 | Andrew Poulson | Treatment of foundry-sand. |
| US1756623A (en) * | 1924-04-24 | 1930-04-29 | Permutit Co | Base exchange material and method of preparing same |
| US1872183A (en) * | 1930-11-10 | 1932-08-16 | Percy W Porter | Process for making colloidal silica |
| US1889007A (en) * | 1931-02-26 | 1932-11-29 | Benjamin F Wallace | Sand core for casting metal and method of making same |
| US2193346A (en) * | 1937-12-10 | 1940-03-12 | Allan B Ruddle | Molded product |
| US2213530A (en) * | 1939-10-27 | 1940-09-03 | Investo Company | Fluid treating composition and method of making same |
| US2233701A (en) * | 1940-07-08 | 1941-03-04 | Grossman Cornell Joel | Refractory composition for dental molds |
| US2237593A (en) * | 1939-11-27 | 1941-04-08 | Peerpatco Inc | Foundry composition and method |
| US2237592A (en) * | 1939-11-27 | 1941-04-08 | Peerpatco Inc | Foundry composition and method |
| US2256456A (en) * | 1941-06-06 | 1941-09-16 | Peerpateo Inc | Foundry composition |
-
1947
- 1947-10-07 US US778469A patent/US2532155A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1052514A (en) * | 1911-04-14 | 1913-02-11 | Andrew Poulson | Treatment of foundry-sand. |
| US1756623A (en) * | 1924-04-24 | 1930-04-29 | Permutit Co | Base exchange material and method of preparing same |
| US1872183A (en) * | 1930-11-10 | 1932-08-16 | Percy W Porter | Process for making colloidal silica |
| US1889007A (en) * | 1931-02-26 | 1932-11-29 | Benjamin F Wallace | Sand core for casting metal and method of making same |
| US2193346A (en) * | 1937-12-10 | 1940-03-12 | Allan B Ruddle | Molded product |
| US2213530A (en) * | 1939-10-27 | 1940-09-03 | Investo Company | Fluid treating composition and method of making same |
| US2237593A (en) * | 1939-11-27 | 1941-04-08 | Peerpatco Inc | Foundry composition and method |
| US2237592A (en) * | 1939-11-27 | 1941-04-08 | Peerpatco Inc | Foundry composition and method |
| US2233701A (en) * | 1940-07-08 | 1941-03-04 | Grossman Cornell Joel | Refractory composition for dental molds |
| US2256456A (en) * | 1941-06-06 | 1941-09-16 | Peerpateo Inc | Foundry composition |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6458423B1 (en) | 1999-08-03 | 2002-10-01 | David M. Goodson | Sprayable phosphate cementitious coatings and a method and apparatus for the production thereof |
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