US2563517A - Method and means for the removal - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 7, 1951 A. w. DANIELS 2,563,517 METHOD AND MEANS FOR THE REMOVAL AND TRANSPORT OF ASHES AND THE LIKE FURNACE RESIDUES Filed Dec. 16, 1946 4 Sheets-Sheet l (in Attorneys 1951 A. w. DANIELS 2,563,517

METHOD AND MEANS FOR THE REMOVAL AND TRANSPORT OF ASHES AND THE LIKE FURNACE RESIDUES Filed Dec. 16, 1946 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 M 241 1;, Mill? 13 I Aug. 7, 1951 A. w. DANIELS 2,563,517

METHOD AND MEANS FOR THE REMOVAL AND TRANSPORT OF ASHES AND THE LIKE FURNACE RESIDUES Filed Dec. 16, 1946 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 @Allurneyj A g- 1951 A. w. DANIELS 2,563,517

METHOD AND MEANS FOR THE REMOVAL AND TRANSPORT OF ASHES AND THE LIKE! FURNACE RESIDUES Filed Dec. 16, 1946 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Inventor Patented Aug. 7, 1951 METHOD AND MEANS FOR EMOVAL D Ta sroR'r or ASHES AND THE LIKE FURNACE RESIDUES" Arthur Wylde Daniels, London, England, assignor to B. V. 0. Industrial Constructions Limited, London, England, a British company Application December 16, 1946, Serial No. 716,644

In Great Britain May 27, 1946 16 Claims. A 1

This invention relates to a new or improved method of and means for the removal and transport of ash and the like furnace residues that finds particular application, though without limitation, to the removal of ash and clinker and like residues from fuel burning furnace and in particular the ash pertinent to pulverise'd fuel fired boilers.

Hydraulic sluicing for breaking down and removing compacted particles of matter is Well known both for removal of furnace ash and mining conglomerates and kindred earth strata that are water permeable, the solid matter eroded by sluicing bein conducted by aqueous entrainment for treatment in sluiceways or fiumes, the solid matter being eparated from its entraining water by known means at any desired point.

The single jet normally employed is adapted to react upon a single plane and have an area of clearance that is proportional to the energy of the jet, and since the really effective length of jet projection with economic pressure is at a maximum at about ten feet, it has heretofore been arranged that the ash hopper base has been divided into a series of relatively short individual sloping ash hearth planes so that each single jet has its own appropriate area for ash removal, the backwash clearing the ash away for entrainment.

It has also been devised that a hopper base or ash hearth has had a series of jets positioned transversely of its length, and the jets arranged to oscillate about a central entry. In this latter case the eroding cross or diagonal stream interferes with the entrained flow of ash to the outlet, and in some positions of the jet during oscillation the eroding stream is angularly against the escaping flow. This feature leads to ash piling and the creating of ash deposits between the jet entrances or centres.

Again if a long ash hopper base is divided into multi-hearths with the attendant multi-fittings and pertinent jets there is a high capital cost, and a high maintenance cost. Such arrangement of hearths inevitably entails an unduly long and involved ash removal operation in dealing separately with each hearth and the hand manipulation of each jet and its pressure water supply.

Again in many forms of jet cleared ash hopper bases a haunch plate is used to divide the hopper base into convenient compartments each for individual and separate ash clearance. If the refractory haunchings between adjoining hearths are built in the form of a triangular prism it is well known that the radiant heat from the furnace very soon destroys them, whilst it in order A to overcome this difficulty the haunchings are made fiat topped, then these fiat upper faces of the haunch roofing form a source of lodgement for ash beyond the-effective reach of the jet, and the layers of ash thu brought nearer to the heat source of fuel combustion tend to vitrify and form a glazed layer requiring periodic removal by hand, which may compel a shut down.

Thus a further object of the present invention is to totally avoidhaunching and utilise a continuous base Whose'length may be of any dimensions that is convenient to suit the width of the boiler furnace. The above feature is in line with the modern tendency to very greatly increase the evaporative capacity of individual steam producing units and the ash hoppers for such purpose become of dimensions wherein the difficulty of ash removal over sectional areas is increased.

A further difflculty arises with short length ash hearths and single jets in that the said ash may avalanche and chokeithe exitand the main conveying sluiceway. In normal practice the exit to any hearth is guarded by a counterweighted hinged flap door, so that when ash avalanching takes place, the impact of the ash mass overcomes the counterpoise, and enables some of the avalanching ash to choke the exit and the main conveying sluiceway. A A

Apart from the above objectives the invention seeks to remove in an economic manner many of the difficultie that have existed heretofore, to simplify the necessary ash hopper construction below the grate or furnace and provided a method that can be flexibly employed at will for removing varying grades and composition of ash and scoria, and wherein the actuating means for such removal are automatically or otherwise placed in an operative position and then automatically or otherwise removed from the path of ash entrainment. A

According to the invention a method of displacing and removing ash or other solid material is provided which consists in compelling said solid material to accumulate in a pile on a support upwardly inclined from front to rear, progressively erodin and disintegrating said pileby projecting against the front surface thereof, in sequence from front to rear of said support as the front surface of said pile recedes, a series of high pressure hydraulic jets directed upwardly along said support and located therealong in tandem at intervals not greater than the effective operating length of said jets, and in assisting the aqueous entrainment and removal of said eroded or disintegrated solid material down and away from said inclined support by projecting down said support, in sequence with said first series of jets, a further series of hydraulic high pressure jets arranged in tandem therealong.

According to a further feature of the invention means are provided for cooling said support. The method of displacing and removing ash or other solid material according to the inven-i tion also provides for the operation of a down-,

wardly directed jet or jets alternately with an.

upwardly directed jet or jets and for the arrangement of said jets so as to operate over separate zones collectively extending over the entire width of the front face of said pile.

The invention also provides for carrying into effect the method described above in the displacement and removal of furnace ash, apparatus wherein a single trough shaped ash receiving hopper of greater length than breadth is formed with sides converging towards a longitudinally linclined base having a positively operated gate controlled frontal exit at the lower end thereof and. arranged in tandem lengthwise along said base, a series of rearwardly directed and a series of forwardly directed jet assemblies, adapted to the minimum impedance to the movement of the 4 entrained solids towards the exit from the hopper base.

- Preferably the said control gate is of an arcuate type that is self-clearing and pivoted about a shaft transverse of the said exit, said gate being counterpoised and mobile under hand or electrical solenoid control. Said gate is provided with such grooving on its closure edge as will admit drainage from the hearth or base in its closed condition.

a The base or hearth of the hopper is preferably of metallic construction, and the jet assemblies are disposed along said base, each upon separate pivoted mountings, one surface of said mounting being flat and presented to be level with the base '-when the jet assembly is inoperative, whereby uninterrupted flow can take place above said mounting when the jet assembly is retracted. This method of mounting is or may be applied to all jet assemblies excepting the frontal jet assembly, but said assemblies are stream lined in the direction of ash flow when in the operative position so that the minimum of impedance is presented to the fluid stream.

According to the preferred form the jet assemblies are automatically positioned for operative use in the hearth by admitting fluid under pressure to the jet assemblies and said jet assemblies are automatically retracted on the cessation of pressure fluid supply. Such automatic movement and operation of the jet assemblies is accomplished in one or more of several ways, i. e. by the reactive force of the pressure fluid supply,

:by hydraulic means with a hydraulic cylinder and piston or by link motion from a prime mover actuated by fluid pressure or an external source of power. Retraction of said jet assemblies may 'be assisted to the limit of movement by resilient or gravitational means.

-' The base of the ash hopper is preferably formed of cast iron sectional blocks which are arranged to provide an even upper surface and are interlocking. These sectional blocks are preferably hollow and cooledby circulating water, the series resting upon a concrete bed, or upon cross bearers. The base or hearth is formed to approximate a. semi-circular sectioned trough, and slopes from the back to the front and the jet assemblies are arranged to penetrate the hearth floor or replace one or more of the cast iron blocks, the gear for retracting the jet assemblies being mounted preferably below said hearth.

To accelerate the operation of ash removal it is important that the functions of the operator are reduced to the simplest possible terms and according to the invention the various functional units of apparatus may be electrically controlled from a single panel by push button or micro switch initiating devices or alternatively by remote hydraulic control wherein the master control, levers are grouped together and as in the These controls are jet assembly also causes said jet assembly to be operatively positioned, and. in some cases the cessation of supply retracts same.

Throughout the specification the term jet is used to indicate the jet of water and the term .1 jet assembly includes the nozzle and the housing in which it is arranged.

= I Reference will now be made to the accompany- ..ing drawings which illustrate preferred forms of construction of the ash hopper and retractable jet assemblies provided therein according to the .invention, and in which:

Fig. 1 is a plan view of the hopper, Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation on the line II-II Fig. 3 is a section on the line III-III of Fig. 2,

- Fig. 4 shows a part sectional side view of one form of construction of a retractable jet assembly arranged in the hopper base,

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view through the base of the hopper provided with the retractable jet assembly shown in Fig. 4,

Fig. 6 is a section through the gate controlled outlet of the hopper in the open position thereof, on the line VI-VI of Fig. 2,

Fig. 7 is a view on the line VII-V1I of Fig. 2, with the gate in the closed position,

Fig. 8 shows a sectional plan of another form of construction of a retractable jet assembly arranged in a side wall of the hopper,

Fig. 9 is a sectional plan View of the hopper with the jet assembly shown in Fig. 8 provided in the side walls thereof,

. Fig. 10 is a rear elevation of the jet assembly shown in Fig. 9,

Fig. 11 shows a front elevation of another form of construction of a retractable jet assembly,

Fig. 12 is a longitudinal section of the je assembly shown in Fig. 11,

Fig. 13 shows the application of automatic means for retracting the jet assembly shown in Figs. 11 and 12, and

Figs. 14 and 15 show in side elevation and plan respectively, details of a streamlined retractable jet assembly. I

The hopper is of trough shape and formed with downwardly converging side walls 2 and frontand re'ar walls 3 and 4 terminating in a base or hearth-5.. The walls of the hopper are all lined with refractory material 6 such as firebrick or the like and are supported by metal frame members I mounted on a bed 8 of concrete or other suitable foundation. The lower portion of the refractory lining 6 has a metal facing 9 and the base 5 of the hopper is formed of interlocking metal sectional blocks l resting on a metal support ll carried by the frame members I. The blocks 10 are formed underneath with intercommunicating channels l2 to provide a labyrinthine passage thereunder for cooling water from supply pipe 64 in the rear wall 4, the cooling of the blocks l0 assisting the prevention of vitreous particles of ash agglomerating and adhering to the blocks l0. As shown in Fig. 2, the base of the hopper I is formed with a downward inclination from the rear wall 4 to the front wall thereof and terminates in an outlet 13 closed by a pivotally mounted arcuate gate 14 provided with counter balance weights l5 and a handle l6 for the operation thereof. The outlet I3 and gate I4 are enclosed in a casing l1 enabling the entry of air to the base of the hopper to be prevented or controlled, and the arcuate gate 14 is grooved so as to permit drainage of liquid from the base 5 when the gate is closed. In the wall of the casing ll facing the outlet I3 is a high pressure hydraulic jet assembly 18 directed towards the outlet l3.

Below the outlet I3 is a sluiceway l9 provided with one or more jet assemblies for assisting the entrainment and removal of the material delivered thereto from the hopper outlet [3.

Arranged in tandem at intervals along the base 5 of the hopper l are two series of pivoting jet assemblies 18, the nozzles 20 of one series being adapted to operate upwardly along the said base 5 and the nozzles 28 of the other series being adapted to operate downwardly along the base 5. These jet assemblies la in the hopper base are arranged so that when inoperative they present towards the interior of the hopper l a surface flush with the blocks H]. Details of the construction and arrangement of the hopper base jet assemblies 18 are shown in Figs. 4 and 5.

Each jet assembly consists of a jet housing 2| fast on a hollow shaft 22 and formed with an integral curved conduit 23 one end of which is in communication, within the housing 2!, with the hollow shaft 22, and the other end of which is threaded to receive the threaded nozzle 24.

The exterior of the conduit 23 is streamlined to present the minimum impedance to fluid flow. The jet housing 2| is in side view shaped approximately as an equilateral triangle the corners r 25 of the housing 2| being truncated and formed with a curved contour forming an arc of a circle the centre of which is coincident with that of the said triangle. At two of said truncated corners stops 26 are provided so as to limit rotation of said housing 2| to 120. The hollow shaft 22 is perforated to communicate with the conduit 23 and is pivotally mounted at either end in bearings 2i fixed in the frame members 1. The shaft 22 is carried in brackets or lugs 28 depending from the underside of a plate 29, slotted so that the jet housing may protrude therethrough and shaped so that it may replace one or more of the blocks l0 and fit flush with the surface thereof. One end of the hollow shaft 22 is closed and has mounted thereon a lever 30 carrying a counter balance weight 3i, and the other end of said shaft is rotatably mounted within a hydraulic high pressure supply pipe 32 provided with a packing gland 33.

The form of jet assembly described above is arranged to rotate automatically into the .operative or inoperative position as the hydraulic high pressure supply is turned on or off, and the operation of the jet assembly utilises the reactive force created by the hydraulic high pressure jet as it issues from the nozzle 24. The counter balance weight 3i and lever 30 are arranged on the hollow shaft 22 so that when the hydraulic high pressure supply is turned off the weight 3| is in the lower of the two positions thereof shown in broken lines in Fig. 4 and the flat surface 21a of the triangular jet housing 2| lies flush with the blocks ill, the nozzle 24 being directed downwardly and to the left as viewed in the drawing. This position is shown at A in Fig. 2. Rotation beyond this position is prevented by the stops 26 abutting against the under side of plate 29. When the hydraulic high pressure supply is turned on the reaction of the jet of water issuing from the nozzle 24 rotates the jet assembly and its hollow shaft 22 in the bearings 21 in an anti-clockwise direction through approximately further rotation being prevented by the abutment of the stop 26 against the plate 29. This position of the jet assembly is shown in Fig. 4 and at B in Fig. 2.

A further form of jet assembly is shown in Figs. 11 and 12. In this form the jet housing 34 is a box-like entity the upper face of which is at an angle corresponding to that of the blocks H) in which it is located. The housing has an internal conduit 35 one end of which is threaded to receive the end of a pipe 36 which is telescopically mounted within a hydraulic high pressure supply pipe 31, the pipe 36 passing through a packing gland 38 fixed in the end of the pipe 31. At its other end the internal conduit 35 of the jet housing 34 is threaded to receive the nozzle 39. The said housing has stops 40 extending from the under side thereof so as to limit the distance the jet assembly protrudes above the blocks III in which it is arranged. Trunnions 4! on the pipe 36 are engaged by the arms of a bifurcated arm 42 made fast at its other end on a shaft 43 supported in a bracket 44 on the hopper base members 5 and extending through a bearing 45 mounted in the side wall 2 of the hopper. The end of the shaft 43 outside the hopper has fast thereon an arm 46 engaging a nut 41 forming part of a screw and nut mechanism operated by a handle 48 secured on the screw 49.

. In operation the actuation of the screw and nut mechanism 41, 49 by the handle 48 rocks the arm 42 on the shaft 43 and thereby raises or lowers the telescopically mounted pipe 36 and the jet assembly secured thereto. Upward movement of the assembly is limited by the stops 40 abutting against the blocks ill and the retraction of the jet assembly below the level of the blocks in is prevented by a collar 50, fixed to the pipe 36, which abuts against the neck ring 5| of the packing gland when the jet assembly is retracted.

Fig. 13 shows the above described jet assembly adapted for automatic actuation by the turning on or off of the hydraulic high pressure supply. In this form the collar 50 supports the middle portion of a lever 52 carrying a weight 53 at one end and pivotally mounted at the other end in a bracket 54 secured to the hopper'base I I.

When the hydraulic high pressure supply is turned on the pressure differential created between'the pipe 36 and pipe 31, due to the smaller diameter of th former, raises the jet assembly into the operative position,- the action of the weighted arm returning it to itsretracted position flush with blocks Ill when the hydraulic supply is turned ofi.

Figs. 14 and 15 show a streamlined construction of the jet housing 34, the stops 40 in this form being placed laterally of the housing.

I In Figs. 8, 9 and 10 a form of jet assembly is shown which is adapted to be fitted in the side walls 2 of the hopper l. The jet assembly is of substantially the same construction as that shown in Figs. 12 and 13 but the end walls 55 and 56 of the jet housing 34 slope so that the housing may be withdrawn diagonally within :the hollow metal wall block 51 in which it is mounted. The block 51 replaces a part of the refractory lining and metal facing in the side walls 2 of the hopper and is closed exteriorly of the hopper by a plate 58 formed with a tubular sleeve 59 and an interior lug 60' integral there- 'with. The telescopic pipe 36 extends through an opening in the lug 60 and the hydraulic high pressure supply pipe 31 is mounted in the tubularsleeve 59. A helical spring BI' is mounted on the pipe 36 and abuts" at either end against the lug 50 and the collar 50, normally holding the pipes 36 and 31 in the collapsed position with the jet housing 34 flush with the wall of the block 5'! within the hopper I.

In the operation of this form, the turning on of the high pressure hydraulic supply causes the pipe 36 to be extended from the pipe 31 against the action of the spring BI, the jet assembly protruding from the wall 2 into the hopper I and being retracted under the action of 'the spring 6| when the high pressure hydraulic supply is turned off.

In the operation of the method according to the invention for removing and transport of furnace ash the ash 63 falling into the hopper I from the furnace is directed by the converging walls 2, 3 and 4 to form a pile on the blocks l covering thebase 5. The blocks lfi are cooled by the water circulating thereunder from the supply pipe 64 and therefore produce a partial cooling of the ash, the effect of which is to prevent .or minimise the fusing together of siliceous and other ash particles on the blocks, such fused particles being resistant to erosion by the high pressure hydraulic jets. When it is desired to remove the ash from the hopper the arcuate gate I4 is opened and the high pressure hydraulic supply to the jet assembly I8 in the wall of the gate casing I! is turned on. This jet assembly l8 directs a jet of water at high pressure against the front surface of the hot ash 63, the pressure of the jet and the sudden cooling it produces causing erosion and disintegration of, the front portion of, the said pile of ash 63. The downward inclination of the base causes the backwash of the jet to entrain the ash and convey it clear of the hopper base 5 to fall inv the sluiceway I9 where the aqueous entrainment and re- -moval of the ash is assisted by one or more jets in the sluiceway. When the removal of the ash from the hopper base has proceeded to the point where the foremost of the jet assemblies l8 operating up the inclined base 5 are uncovered and cleared of ash the high pressure hydraulic supplythereto is turned on and the jet assemblies are automatically or manually brought into their operative position as hereinbefore' described. 'lhe e pw rd y dire ed ci s mb i mmmove a further quantity of ash, the backwash from the jets entraining the ash and carrying it down the inclined base to the sluiceway.

The operation of the aforesaid upwardly directed jets continues to erode and distintegrate ash pile until the jet assembly operating down the inclined base 5 is freed of ash, and thisjet is then put into operation. The high pressure jet directed down the base 5 assists the entrainment of the ash and its removal by the backwash of the upwardly operating jets and clears the lower section of the base of ash.

As the face of the pile of ash recedes under the action of the high pressure jets further jet assemblies directed upwardly and downwardly along the inclined base 5 are successively brought into operation until the entire base of the hopper is substantially freed of ash deposit. In order to secure efllciency of operation of the jet assemblies their spacing along the base 5 must be such that the distance between successive upwardly or downwardly directed jets is not greater than the distance at which the jets are effective in eroding and disintegrating the ash against which they are directed.

This distance will naturally vary according to the size of the nozzles fitted in the jet assemblies and the pressure of water available for the operation of the apparatus. The jet assemblies must also be so arranged that the jets therefrom operate over zones collectively including the entire width of the front surface of the pile of ash, so as to avoid uneroded islands of ash beingformed. These factors, as well as the resistance to erosion of the type of ash being dealt with, will decide the disposition of the jet assemblies in any particular apparatus.

In addition to the jet assemblies arranged in the base 5 of the hopper, upwardly and downwardly directed jet assemblies provided in the side walls of the hopper may assist in the disintegration, entrainment and removal of the ash, as shown in Figs. 8, 9 and 10.

The forms of construction of the jet assemblies shown in Figs. 11 to 15 may be employed instead of the pivoting jet assemblies shown in Figs. 1, 2, 4 and 5, the assemblies in either case being adapted for automatic operation with the turning on or off of the high pressure hydraulic supply, or for positive manual or mechanically assisted control. For example means may be provided for bringing one or more of the jet assemblies into or out of operation in any desired sequence by the use of remotely controlled solenoids orother operating mechanism, in conjunction with the control of the high pressure hydraulic supply.

operation and rotated or retracted to be flush with the base so as not to impede the entrained material removed by other jet assemblies operating further up the inclined base. Thus the downwardly directed jets may be brought into use alternately with the upwardly directed jets in succession from the front to the rear of the inclined base. n j y 9 I claim: 1. Apparatus for displacing and removing furnace ash or other solid material from a trough shaped ash receiving hopper of greater length than breadth, the sides of which converge toward the base and the base of which is inclined from one end to the other, that comprises a positively operated gate controlled frontal exit at the lower end of said hopper, a series of rearwardly and a series of forwardly directed jet assemblies arranged in the surfaces of said hopper, a source of high pressure fluid supply connected to each of said jet assemblies, said jet assemblies being arranged in at least one line extending lengthwise of said hopper, and at intervals along the length of said hopper not greater than the effective operating range of said jets, so as to effectively operate over the entire length of said hopper, means for selectively moving each of said jet assemblies into operating position above the surface of the hopper in which said jet is mounted and for selectively moving said jet assemblies to an inoperative position flush with said hopper surface, and a sluiceway for receiving the material discharged from said frontal exit.

2. Apparatus as defined in claim 1 further characterized in that said jet assemblies are mounted in the bottom surface of said hopper.

3. Apparatus as defined in claim 1 further characterized in that said jet assemblies are mounted in the side surfaces of said hopper.

4. Apparatus according to claim 1 further characterized in that the jet assemblies are pivotally mounted in said hopper surfaces so as to lie flush with the interior surface when inoperative.

5. Apparatus as defined in claim 1 further characterized in that said jet assemblies are retractably mounted in said surfaces so as to lie flush with the interior surface of the hopper when in inoperative position.

6. Apparatus as defined in claim 1 further characterized in that the parts of the jet assemblies that extend into the hopper when the jet assemblies are in operative position, are streamlined.

7. Apparatus as defined in claim 1 further characterized in that means are provided for automatically moving the jet assemblies into operative position upon the supplying of fluid under pressure thereto and for automatically retracting the jet assemblies into inoperative position upon the cessation of fluid pressure supply.

8. Apparatus according to claim 1 further characterized in that means are provided for automatically bringing the jet assemblies into operating position upon the admission of fluid pressure thereto and gravity operated means are provided for retracting said jet assemblies into inoperative position upon the cessation of fluid pressure supply.

9. Apparatus as defined in claim 1 further characterized in that the hopper base is formed of interlocking hollow metal blocks arranged so that coolant may be circulated therethrough.

10. Apparatus as defined in claim 1 further characterized in that the hopper base is formed of a series of interlocking hollow metal blocks and the jet assemblies are shapedso that they each replace one or more of said blocks.

11. Apparatus as defined in claim 1 further characterized in that an arcuate counterbalanced gate is provided at the hopper exit and this gate is formed with recesses to permit drainage of fluid from said hopper when said hopper is closed by said gate.

12. Apparatus as defined in claim 1 further characterized in that the exit from the hopper is enclosed by a housing in which is arranged a jet assembly directed so as to expel material entering said housing from hopper.

13. Apparatus as defined in claim 1 further characterized in that each of said assemblies is mounted rotatably on a hollow shaft through which fluid under pressure can be supplied to the nozzle of said assembly, said assembly being rotatable into operative position by the reaction of the fluid issuing from its nozzle and returnable to inoperative position by gravitational means.

14. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said jet assemblies are mounted on pipes slidably mounted in one end of high pressure hydraulic conduits so as, on the admission of fluid under pressure thereto, to be raised into the operative position, the retraction of said assemblies" to the inoperative position being effected by a counterbalance weight mounted thereon.

15. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the walls of said hopper are provided with a lining of refractory material and the lower part of said walls is faced with metal.

16. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein stops are provided on said jet assemblies to limit the movement of said jet assemblies into the operative or inoperative positions thereof.

ARTHUR WYLDE DANIELS.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 439,961 Lewis Nov. 4, 1890 1,772,452 Allen .Aug. 12, 1930 1,775,264 Allen Sept. 9, 1930 1,818,967 Allen Aug. 18, 1931 1,905,570 Rome Apr. 25, 1933

Images