US2563139A - Vaporizing manifold type liquid fuel burner - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 7, 1951 o 2,563,139

VAFORIZ'ING MANIFOLD TYPE LIQUID FUEL BURNER Filed Aug. 5, 1947 30 E L 7 H l PL Li 2 I 0 /z m I m l8 INVENTOR.

flz fla/vsa fl. 70/ 2 Z0 Patented Aug. 7, 1951 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE? VAPORIZING MANIFOLD'TYPEIJIQUID FUEL BURNER Alphonso A. Topp; Indianapolis, Ind. ApplicationAugust 5, 1947, Serial No. 766,185

' '4 Claims. 1

This invention relates to a vaporizing'm'ahifold type offiuid fuel burner which may be usedw'ith solid fuel when desired or required.

The chief object of the present invention is to provide "a burner of the vaporizing type insofar as liquid fuel is concerned and one that is extremely simple and one wherein the normal fuel level is such that the'fuel is subject tobu'rner suction supply for'tra'ns'ference to ayapori'zing zone.

'The chief feature of the present invention resides in the turbulence creating high velo'city'air supplies to the fuel outlet for suction supply and atomization of the fuel, the atomized fuel then being vaporized and burned.

Another feature of the invention resides in the manifold independent cap type plug for'fuel and air deflection purposes and the multiple surface cleaning projections on successive stepped portions of the'cap. V

A further feature of the invention resides inthe exterior "radialribbin'g of the central raised'portion of the burner bowl or base.

Other objects and features of the invention will beset forth more fully hereinafter.

The full nature of the invention will be understood from the accompanying drawings and the following description and claim-s:

In the drawings 7 Fig. 1 is a topplan'view of a circular embodiment of the inventiom'a portion of thefmanifold being broken away to show thesame insection.

Fig. 2 is a 'vertical sectional View taken on broken line 2-2 of Fig. 1 and in the direction of thea'rrows.

.Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the 'cap ty-pe stepped plug and cleaner.

In Figs. 1' and '2 of the drawings there is illustr'ated-a shallow bowl or base I llhaving the outer rim 1 I, the downwarm directed supporting flange l2 and herein four arcuately and equally spacedl6 which, however, terminate short of the tubular portions I4.

The central portion l5 has its upper edge ll also coplaner with the portions [4 and the rim i I. This central portion has coaxial opening or passage IB therethrough which is threaded at l9 to take a fluid fuel supply pipe 20. The line desually accumulate.

J outlet 34 of the radial tube.

is maintained by a float valve or other mechanism not shown and conventional to oil burner systems,

InFig. 3 the cap type stepped plug is illustrated. It comprises a tapered or frusto-polyonalend ZI ofa'length that the face 22 is submerged in a liquid fuel supply systern'including the invention. The opposite end includes a cap 23 that serves at its face 24 as an air divert'er preventing direct air pressure discharge into fuel supply passageway [8. Between the cap and portion 21- is a step arrangement. Same herein co ripriseslug portions 25 having lower faces 26. The edges 21* of portion i2l may serve as passageway cleaners and the spacers 25 also serve as cleaners for face I! should carbon, etc., grad- Liquid fuel can be sucked out of passageway [8 through the spaces between the latter and portion 2!. This passes laterally between cap 23 and face l1. Of course, if the fuel be gaseous it will flow from the passagewaywith- "out the necessity of a suction lift. 25 f Reference will now be had to the manifold shown in Figs. land 2. 'Sam'e'comp'rises a-central hub portion 21. having a downwardly open- "ing air discharge opening28 of an area to nest the cap 23 of saidgrav'ity seatable plug, the weight thereof being sufii-cient to seat said plug as described. The plug thus is independent of the manifold. Different size plugs accordingly may beselectively associated with the same base or bowl and manifold.

;--'-I;h e manifold includes generally radially directed tubular portions corresponding in number to tubular portions I l. Each terminates in a downwardly directed portion 29 that is nested in tubular portion It, the free end'30 restingon collar portion 3|.

--The curved portion 32 gradually constricts and the radial portion 33 further constricts the passage. The result,asherein disclosecLis that port l3 has an area about four times the discharge The direction of discharge into the hub is substantially tangential. Thus the air is swirling in the hub and discharges in a swirling column effect about the cap 23 into the bowl .and' about the central raised portion thereof.

Such discharge creates a suction on the mouth of the fuel supply system that is between the cap and face ill. When liquid fuel is utilized it a this point is fully atomized and immediately mixed with air so that a vapor mixture is created.

When ignited this mixture burns immediately heated to expand it whether it be liquid or gaseous. The air entering ports I3 is also progressively heated so that the velocity is increased over and above that resulting from constriction. As a result the air discharged applies suction to the fuel outlet of the system whether that fuel be liquid or gas.

The products of combustion flow outwardly and upwardly for heating purposes and the stack draft for the household type should be about fifteen inches. The six-inch burner is adapted for tank heaters, the eight, ten and twelve inch burners are adapted for house heating purposes while larger sizes such as eighteen, twenty-four, thirty and thirty-six inch burners are adapted for steam and hot water boilers.

It has been determined that a. burner of this type utilizes approximately 90 percent air and ten percent fuel by volume. With gaseous fuel the air to fuel ratio is about four to one. Otherwise expressed, the six-inch size uses about two gallons of oil per day; the eight inch, two and a half gallons; the ten inch, four and a half to five gallons; and the twelve inch, six gallons per day. The latter will satisfactorily heat a seven or eight room house, the ten inch a five room house, and an eight inch burner will heat a three or four room house.

Whenever the fuel supply situation prevents the use of gas or oil, the householder need only open the furnace door and lift out the manifold. After supplying solid fuel and igniting same the bowl serves as a grate for such fuel, air thereto then being supplied by ports l3 In this use the plug shown in Fig. 3 preferably is utilized to prevent clogging of passageway 18. Obviously the gas or liquid fuel supply to line will be cut off.

Following solid fuel use the bowl is cleaned out, the manifold restored, the fluid fuel again supplied and ignited whereupon the unit opcrates as originally intended.

While the invention has been illustrated and described in great detail in the drawings and foregoing description, the same is to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive in character.

The several modifications described herein as well as others which will readily suggest themselves to persons skilled in this art, all are considered to be within the broad scope of the invention, reference being had to the appended claims.

The invention claimed is:

1. In an oil burner the combination of a bowl type base having an upwardly directed, fuel supplying, apertured portion centrally disposed therein and an outwardly and upwardly directed rim, said rim and portion forming a channel about the latter, a plurality of upwardly directed tubes disposed in the channel and approximately equally spaced apart therein and in spaced relation to the upper portions of the rim and the central portion, each tube opening through the base for air supply purposes, a stepped plug having a, lower portion nested in the aperture of the fuel supplying portion and but partially, in cross section, plugging that aperture, lugs on the plug resting upon the top of the said central portion and a cap of greater cross-sectional area. than the central portion aperture for bafiling fuel discharge therefrom and between the said lugs, and a manifold having a central hub portion, tubular portions projecting outwardly therefrom and thence downwardly, there being as many tubular portions as there are tube portions and having their downward portions similarly spaced apart, the hub having a central chamber therein opening downwardly and of an area greater than that of the cap, a portion of the latter being disposed in the chamber opening, each tube and cooperating tubular portion having an interfitting connection therebetween, the tubular portions, at their inner adjacent ends having communication with the manifold central chamber and the downward portions solely supporting the manifold upon the tubes. 7

2. An oil burner as defined by claim 1 wherein each tubular portion is directed inwardly toward and substantially tangentially to the manifold hub portion.

3. An, oil burner as defined by claim 2 wherein each tubular portion is, from the interfitting connection to the hub chamber, of substantially progressively decreasing cross-sectional area.

4, An oil burner as defined by claim 3 wherein there is exteriorly provided upon said fuel supplying central portion a plurality of fins, each extending outwardly into the base bowl'channel and terminating short of connection with the tubes therein.

. ALPHONSO A. TOPP.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record iii the file of this patent:

V UNITED STATES PATENTS Number

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