US2548582A - Abrasive suspensions - Google Patents
Abrasive suspensions Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2548582A US2548582A US776405A US77640547A US2548582A US 2548582 A US2548582 A US 2548582A US 776405 A US776405 A US 776405A US 77640547 A US77640547 A US 77640547A US 2548582 A US2548582 A US 2548582A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- abrasive
- medium
- suspensions
- ethylene glycol
- particles
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 title claims description 20
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- MUHFRORXWCGZGE-KTKRTIGZSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl (z)-octadec-9-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCCO MUHFRORXWCGZGE-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NKSOSPOXQKNIKJ-CLFAGFIQSA-N Polyoxyethylene dioleate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCCOC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC NKSOSPOXQKNIKJ-CLFAGFIQSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 6
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 fatty acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052580 B4C Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron carbide Chemical compound B12B3B4C32B41 INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 2
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 102100040853 PRKC apoptosis WT1 regulator protein Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101710162991 PRKC apoptosis WT1 regulator protein Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940093476 ethylene glycol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000010437 gem Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid group Chemical group C(CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)(=O)O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004006 olive oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008390 olive oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/14—Anti-slip materials; Abrasives
- C09K3/1454—Abrasive powders, suspensions and pastes for polishing
- C09K3/1463—Aqueous liquid suspensions
Definitions
- This invention relates to abrasive suspensions and particularly to those in which finely divided abrasive particles are suspended in a liquid or semi-liquid medium.
- Abrasive suspensions with which the present invention is concerned may be used for grinding or polishing various types of hard materials, such as metallic carbides, industrial diamonds, steel, brass, bronze or other metals, glass, gems or minerals. However, they find particular application in shaping tungsten carbide or diamond wire drawing dies.
- the hardness of tungsten carbide and diamond is such that dies formed of these materials cannot be drilled or shaped by machine tools.
- the usual practice is to shape such dies with lapping tools and abrasive suspensions.
- the abrasive commonly employed on such dies is diamond, but for grinding and polishing operations on softer materials suspensions of boron carbide, silicon carbide, aluminum oxide or other abrasives may also be used.
- the abrasive particles are of a size of minus 200 mesh or finer and are suspended in a suitable liquid or semi-liquid medium, such as olive oil.
- An object of the present invention is to provide abrasive suspensions consisting of the usual abrasive powders and improved suspending mediums,
- a further object of the invention is to provide improved abrasive suspensions in which the suspending medium is of relatively low cost material, besides having the aforementioned improved characteristics.
- Improved mediums used in abrasive suspensions of the present invention consist of fatty acid esters of polyhydric alcohols.
- the fatty acid component may be either a saturated acid having a chain of 6 to 12 carbon atoms or an unsaturated acid having a chain of 10 to 18 carbon atoms and in which the unsaturation is confined to one double bond.
- suitable saturated acids are caproic, caprylic, capric and lauric.
- suitable unsaturated acids are oleic, palmitoleic ricinoleic and eleostearic.
- the polyhydric alcohol component of the ester may be either glycerol, ethylene glycol or diethylene glycol.
- esters For abrasive suspensions used for grinding and polishing metals, I prefer esters in which all of the hydroxyl radicals have been reacted with fatty acids, while for non-metallic materials I prefer esters that have one or more free hydroxyl radicals.
- esters that I have found suitable as suspending mediums are as follows:
- the abrasive may be particles of diamond, boron carbide, silicon carbide or aluminum oxide or other known abrasives chemically inert to the medium and of a particle size of minus 200 mesh, or for fine work, minus 325 mesh.
- the operator mixes the abrasive powder and the suspending medium immediately prior to the grinding or polishing operation.
- the proportions and quantities used are determined empirically by the operator and are such as his experience dictates provides a satisfactory suspension for the particular operation.
- approximately one carat of the abrasive powder per milliliter of ester usually forms a satisfactory suspension.
- Suitable proportions of other abrasi'ves may likewise be determined in accordance with the par ticular operation.
- Abrasive suspensions in which the suspending medium is one of the aforementioned esters show numerous improved properties over previous suspensions with which I. am familiar. the abrasive particles are held in suspension very successfully and the mediums are relatively nonvolatile and non-lubricating. I find also that the abrasive material is conserved and there is a considerable time saving in grinding and polishing operations.
- An abrasive suspension consisting of abrasive particles and a medium in which said particles are suspended, said medium being of the group consisting of ethylene glycol dioleate and ethylene glycol mono-oleate.
- An abrasive suspension consisting of abrasive particles and a medium in which said particles are suspended, said medium being ethyleneglycol dioleate.
- An abrasive suspension consisting of abrasive particles and a medium in which said par- 4 ticles are suspended, said medium being ethylene glycol mono-oleate.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
Description
Patented Apr. 10, 1951 ABRASIVE sUsrENsIoNs Willis E. Boak, Burton, Ohio, assignor to The.
American Steel and Wire Company of New Jersey, a corporation of New Jersey 7 No Drawing. Application September 26, 1947, Serial No. 776,405
3 Claims.
This invention relates to abrasive suspensions and particularly to those in which finely divided abrasive particles are suspended in a liquid or semi-liquid medium.
Abrasive suspensions with which the present invention is concerned may be used for grinding or polishing various types of hard materials, such as metallic carbides, industrial diamonds, steel, brass, bronze or other metals, glass, gems or minerals. However, they find particular application in shaping tungsten carbide or diamond wire drawing dies.
The hardness of tungsten carbide and diamond is such that dies formed of these materials cannot be drilled or shaped by machine tools. The usual practice is to shape such dies with lapping tools and abrasive suspensions. The abrasive commonly employed on such dies is diamond, but for grinding and polishing operations on softer materials suspensions of boron carbide, silicon carbide, aluminum oxide or other abrasives may also be used. The abrasive particles are of a size of minus 200 mesh or finer and are suspended in a suitable liquid or semi-liquid medium, such as olive oil.
An object of the present invention is to provide abrasive suspensions consisting of the usual abrasive powders and improved suspending mediums,
the latter being characterized by their ability to hold the abrasive particles in suspension, their non-volatility and their lack of lubricating qualities.
A further object of the invention is to provide improved abrasive suspensions in which the suspending medium is of relatively low cost material, besides having the aforementioned improved characteristics.
Improved mediums used in abrasive suspensions of the present invention consist of fatty acid esters of polyhydric alcohols. The fatty acid component may be either a saturated acid having a chain of 6 to 12 carbon atoms or an unsaturated acid having a chain of 10 to 18 carbon atoms and in which the unsaturation is confined to one double bond. Examples of suitable saturated acids are caproic, caprylic, capric and lauric. Examples of suitable unsaturated acids are oleic, palmitoleic ricinoleic and eleostearic. The polyhydric alcohol component of the ester may be either glycerol, ethylene glycol or diethylene glycol.
For abrasive suspensions used for grinding and polishing metals, I prefer esters in which all of the hydroxyl radicals have been reacted with fatty acids, while for non-metallic materials I prefer esters that have one or more free hydroxyl radicals.
Specific examples of esters that I have found suitable as suspending mediums are as follows:
Glycerol monoricinoleate Glycerol trioleate Glycerol dioleate Glycerol tricaprate Glycerol dicaprate Glycerol monocaprate Ethylene glycol dioleate Ethylene glycol mono-oleate Ethylene glycol dicaprate Ethylene glycol monocaprate Diethylene glycol dioleate Diethylene glycol mono-oleate Diethylene glycol dicaprate Diethylene glycol monocaprate Diethylene glycol dilauryate Diethylene glycol monolauryate At present the preferred choices from among the foregoing esters are ethylene glycol dioleate and ethylene glycol mono-oleate.
The abrasive may be particles of diamond, boron carbide, silicon carbide or aluminum oxide or other known abrasives chemically inert to the medium and of a particle size of minus 200 mesh, or for fine work, minus 325 mesh.
In accordance with the usual practice, the operator mixes the abrasive powder and the suspending medium immediately prior to the grinding or polishing operation. The proportions and quantities used are determined empirically by the operator and are such as his experience dictates provides a satisfactory suspension for the particular operation. For diamond powder used for lapping wire drawing dies, approximately one carat of the abrasive powder per milliliter of ester usually forms a satisfactory suspension. Suitable proportions of other abrasi'ves may likewise be determined in accordance with the par ticular operation.
Abrasive suspensions in which the suspending medium is one of the aforementioned esters show numerous improved properties over previous suspensions with which I. am familiar. the abrasive particles are held in suspension very successfully and the mediums are relatively nonvolatile and non-lubricating. I find also that the abrasive material is conserved and there is a considerable time saving in grinding and polishing operations.
While I have disclosed but certain improved abrasive suspensions prepared in accordance with For example,
the present invention, it is apparent that other preparations may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, I do not wish to be limited to the disclosure set forth, but only by the scope of the appended claims.
I claim:
1. An abrasive suspension consisting of abrasive particles and a medium in which said particles are suspended, said medium being of the group consisting of ethylene glycol dioleate and ethylene glycol mono-oleate.
2. An abrasive suspension consisting of abrasive particles and a medium in which said particles are suspended, said medium being ethyleneglycol dioleate.
3. An abrasive suspension consisting of abrasive particles and a medium in which said par- 4 ticles are suspended, said medium being ethylene glycol mono-oleate.
WILLIS E. BOAK.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Name Date Kessler et a1 Dec. 10, 1929 7 OTHER REFERENCES Chemicals, published by Glycol Products Inc., Brooklyn, N. May 1946, page 7'7.
Bennett's Formulary, vol. IV, pages 413, 437,
438 and 440, Chemical Publishing 00., N. Y., N. Y. (copyright 1939).
Number
Claims (1)
1. AN ABRASIVE SUSPENSION CONSISTING OF ABRASIVE PARTICLES AND A MEDIUM IN WHICH SAID PARTICLES ARE SUSPENDED, SAID MEDIUM BEING OF THE GROUP CONSISTING OF ETHYLENE GLYCOL DIOLEATE AND ETHYLENE GLYCOL MONO-OLEATE.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US776405A US2548582A (en) | 1947-09-26 | 1947-09-26 | Abrasive suspensions |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US776405A US2548582A (en) | 1947-09-26 | 1947-09-26 | Abrasive suspensions |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2548582A true US2548582A (en) | 1951-04-10 |
Family
ID=25107289
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US776405A Expired - Lifetime US2548582A (en) | 1947-09-26 | 1947-09-26 | Abrasive suspensions |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2548582A (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2649362A (en) * | 1950-02-28 | 1953-08-18 | Marino Inc | Abrasive composition |
| US2681274A (en) * | 1950-09-29 | 1954-06-15 | Clarence B F Young | Buffing compound |
| US2829035A (en) * | 1954-11-05 | 1958-04-01 | Lea Mfg Company | Buffing compositions |
| US3042509A (en) * | 1959-11-27 | 1962-07-03 | Bruce Products Corp | Abrasive and polish compound |
| US3141273A (en) * | 1962-12-07 | 1964-07-21 | Titmus Optical Company Inc | Polishing synthetic resin lenses |
| US4755191A (en) * | 1985-06-27 | 1988-07-05 | Lasalle Steel Company | Finishing of hard chromium plated products |
| US5094687A (en) * | 1989-02-15 | 1992-03-10 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Buffing composition |
| US5141555A (en) * | 1989-02-15 | 1992-08-25 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Buffing composition |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1739315A (en) * | 1928-04-25 | 1929-12-10 | John M Kessler | Ether-alcohol ester of fatty acids |
-
1947
- 1947-09-26 US US776405A patent/US2548582A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1739315A (en) * | 1928-04-25 | 1929-12-10 | John M Kessler | Ether-alcohol ester of fatty acids |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2649362A (en) * | 1950-02-28 | 1953-08-18 | Marino Inc | Abrasive composition |
| US2681274A (en) * | 1950-09-29 | 1954-06-15 | Clarence B F Young | Buffing compound |
| US2829035A (en) * | 1954-11-05 | 1958-04-01 | Lea Mfg Company | Buffing compositions |
| US3042509A (en) * | 1959-11-27 | 1962-07-03 | Bruce Products Corp | Abrasive and polish compound |
| US3141273A (en) * | 1962-12-07 | 1964-07-21 | Titmus Optical Company Inc | Polishing synthetic resin lenses |
| US4755191A (en) * | 1985-06-27 | 1988-07-05 | Lasalle Steel Company | Finishing of hard chromium plated products |
| US5094687A (en) * | 1989-02-15 | 1992-03-10 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Buffing composition |
| US5141555A (en) * | 1989-02-15 | 1992-08-25 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Buffing composition |
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