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US2541037A - Antenna - Google Patents

Antenna Download PDF

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Publication number
US2541037A
US2541037A US663378A US66337846A US2541037A US 2541037 A US2541037 A US 2541037A US 663378 A US663378 A US 663378A US 66337846 A US66337846 A US 66337846A US 2541037 A US2541037 A US 2541037A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
antenna
conductors
impedance
line
coupling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US663378A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Trevor H Clark
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
STC PLC
Federal Telephone and Radio Corp
Original Assignee
Standard Telephone and Cables PLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Standard Telephone and Cables PLC filed Critical Standard Telephone and Cables PLC
Priority to US663378A priority Critical patent/US2541037A/en
Priority to FR1014498D priority patent/FR1014498A/fr
Priority to ES178872A priority patent/ES178872A1/es
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2541037A publication Critical patent/US2541037A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave

Definitions

  • This; invention relates to: antennas: and; more particularly to antennas employing a surface memberasaa radiator or: collector.
  • It is another objecttol provide a reflector type surface antenna which is large in. comparison to the wave length of the radiation employed.
  • Asti'll further object is to: provide an. antenna of the extended surface type: which is: fed: by means of a. transmission: line connected to; spaced points on the surface, the spacing of the trans-- mission line conductors adjacent the surface being such as to secure maximum transfer f the energy from the reflector sheet in respect to the transmission line over a wide band of frequencies.
  • a still further object is to provide an antenna of the reflecting surface type which has a substantially constant impedance character over a wide range of frequencies.
  • I provide an antenna in the form of a sheet with a surface similar to a metallic reflecting surfacewhich is preferably constructed or composed so asto possess large electrical dimensions and which is fed from a transmission line coupled to two points on the surface; the spacing of. the two pointslbeing determined by the transmission line impedance and:the-characteristic of the reflecting sheet.
  • the transmission line may be coupled to the sheet in a variety of methods, such as direct, inductive or capacitiv coupling.
  • the extent of the sheet from an electrical point of view may be enlarged by using a; surface havinga large electrical resistance or provided with marginal wave-traps.
  • Figs. 2 and 2A represent a view in perspective.
  • Fig. 3 is a perspective view of an inductively coupled antenna
  • Fig. 3A is adetail of an alternatirve ofiFig. 3
  • Fig.- 4 a view in perspective showing a combinatiorr of. capacitive and inductive coupling-
  • the antenna in all of the cases illustrated; is comprised of a reflector type surface l which is fed from a transmissionline 2 having. two conductors coupled to two: points 3. and 4' ofthe; surface 5.
  • the points 3 and 4 are spaced apart a distance such as to make the impedance between the two points equal to the: impedance of the transmission line. Thatqis to say, the distance is a function of the physical and electrical characteristics of the refleeting surface l which. determine th imped ance thereof.
  • the various figures indicate alternative methods of coupling the line to the surfacet Ilhus, a direct connection of the line tothe surface is shown in Fig. l.
  • a capacitive coupling is: indicated in. Figs. 2 and: 2a by bringing; two conductors of; the: line 2 to two plates 5 and t which are spaced away from and disposed parallel to the surface I, the two conductors being brought out thru suitable openings in the surface.
  • the two conductors of the line 2 are coupled to the surface 4 on the far side thereof and include inductive loops 1 and 8, the conductors being brought out through two apertures 9 and Ill in th surface I.
  • the coupling is a combination of meth- 3 ods illustrated in Figs. 2 and 3 in that the two conductors are brought in through two openings II and I2 in the surface and connected to a capacitive coupling plate l3 connecting the two conductors which also form slight loops as at M and I5.
  • the antenna surface I is 7 preferably composed of a material which renders it highly resistive so as to give it a large electrical size in comparison to the wave lengths used to make the currents flowing therein substantially uniform over the surface.
  • the resistivity of such material may be made sufliciently high so as to produce the effect of a conductor of infinite extent. Effects of this sort may be achieved by the use of graphite or by oxidized steel or other materials having a high resistance to high frequency currents.
  • wave traps may be used along the edges of the surface whereby for given wave lengths, the electrical extent of the surface is effectively considerably enlarged.
  • the radiation pattern of the antenna will be substantially circular and in the ideal case, that is where the sheet or surface is of practically infinite electrical extent, is entirely unidirectional.
  • the lines of distribution of the currents approximates that of the lines of force of opposed magnetic poles, or such as might be found in respect to the free ends of the two conductors of a transmission line in space.
  • the inductive loops as shown at i and B in Fig. 3 of the transmission line may be further provided with shields which are provided with a gap intermediate the ends thereof in order to improve the circuit balance of the conductors in accordance with balance-to-unbalanced coupling methods generally used. This is shown in Fig. 3A. a
  • An antenna for simulating the radiation pattern of an antenna and a special reflector comprising a substantially continuous conductive surface member having along the surface of said said conductors and said surface, coupling said line to an intermediate position on said surface at spacings providing an impedance match with said line for causing said surface to radiate.
  • said capacitive coupling comprises capacitor plate means spacedv from said surface for terminating said conductors.
  • capacitor plate means includes a capacitor plate joining said two conductors in front of said surface.
  • An antenna for simulating the radiation pattern of an antenna and a special reflector comprising a, substantially continuous conductive surface member having along the surface of said member an extent in every direction which is large in comparison with the Wave length used, a transmission line having two conductors of a given total impedance for transferringradiant energy in respect to said surface, and means including an inductive coupling between said conductors and said surface, coupling said line to an intermediate position on said surface at spacings providing an impedance match with said line for causing said surface to radiate.
  • An antennafor simulating the radiation of an antenna and a special reflector comprising a substantially continuous surface member having in every direction of the surface of said member a dimension which is large in comparison to the wave-length used, a transmission line having two conductors and a given total impedance for transferring radiation energy in respect to said surface, and impedance means coupling said line to an intermediate position on said surface at spacing providing an impedance matching with said line for causing said member to radiate, said. impedance means including a capacitive plate joining said two conductors in front of and spaced 7 from said surface and loops connecting said two conductors to said capacitive plate for providing inductive and capacitive coupling between said conductors and said surface.

Landscapes

  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
US663378A 1946-04-19 1946-04-19 Antenna Expired - Lifetime US2541037A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US663378A US2541037A (en) 1946-04-19 1946-04-19 Antenna
FR1014498D FR1014498A (fr) 1946-04-19 1947-04-18 Antennes radioélectriques
ES178872A ES178872A1 (es) 1946-04-19 1947-07-11 Mejoras en antenas dirigidas

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US663378A US2541037A (en) 1946-04-19 1946-04-19 Antenna

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2541037A true US2541037A (en) 1951-02-13

Family

ID=24661543

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US663378A Expired - Lifetime US2541037A (en) 1946-04-19 1946-04-19 Antenna

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US2541037A (es)
ES (1) ES178872A1 (es)
FR (1) FR1014498A (es)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2785396A (en) * 1946-01-09 1957-03-12 Philip S Carter Large circumference loop antennas

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1960006A (en) * 1930-12-30 1934-05-22 Telefunken Gmbh Antenna system
US2175363A (en) * 1938-01-07 1939-10-10 Rca Corp Method of and means for coupling two high frequency circuits
US2238770A (en) * 1938-03-07 1941-04-15 Emi Ltd High frequency electrical conductor or radiator
US2359620A (en) * 1942-06-13 1944-10-03 Rca Corp Short wave antenna
US2414266A (en) * 1942-06-27 1947-01-14 Rca Corp Antenna

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1960006A (en) * 1930-12-30 1934-05-22 Telefunken Gmbh Antenna system
US2175363A (en) * 1938-01-07 1939-10-10 Rca Corp Method of and means for coupling two high frequency circuits
US2238770A (en) * 1938-03-07 1941-04-15 Emi Ltd High frequency electrical conductor or radiator
US2359620A (en) * 1942-06-13 1944-10-03 Rca Corp Short wave antenna
US2414266A (en) * 1942-06-27 1947-01-14 Rca Corp Antenna

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2785396A (en) * 1946-01-09 1957-03-12 Philip S Carter Large circumference loop antennas

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1014498A (fr) 1952-08-18
ES178872A1 (es) 1947-09-16

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