US2435774A - Refrigerated liquid dispensing - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 10, 1948. c. v. nl PIETRO 2,435,774

REFRIGERATED LIQUID DISPENS'ING APPARATUS Filed Feb. 27, 1943 s'sneets-sheet 1 Feb. 10, 1948.

c. v. DI PIETRO REFRIGERATED LIQUID DISPENSING APPARATUS Filed Feb. 27, 1943 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 muh MN WAN INVEN'I'OR ferrari; K .Uz'pz'cfr-o.

Feb. 10, 1948. n c, v; Dl P|ETR`0 2,435,774

REFRIGERATED LIQUID DISPENSING APPARATUS Filed Feb. 27, 1943 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 E 0 *x Q K x Q 4 a Q, o

SL E I x k N n h. *W 1 *m Q I D an l IlI lll Il 'l lll l INVENTOR Carne/a L/.z'Z'er-a. BY

, control valve l1.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE REFRIGERATED LIQUID DISPENSING APPARATUS Carmelo V. Di Pietro, Birmingham, Mich.

Application February 27, 1943, Serial No. 471.465

1s claims. (ci. sz-e141) This invention relates to liquid dispensing systems and more particularly to mechanically refrigerated systems having an instantaneous carbonator device and a ilavored liquid source arranged to automatically dispense beverages.

An object of the invention is to provide a system of the type referred to with a mechanical refrigerating system that will operate at maximum eciency during peak draft periods.

Another object of the invention is to provide a system for dispensing beverages with which a relatively small capacity mechanical refrigerating system can be utilized to maintain a desired drink temperature at various rates of draft.

Another object of the invention is to improve the ehiciency of a refrigerating system for carbonators by utilizing refrigerant during oil? cycles to precoci a supply oi water prior to entering the carbonator.

Another object of the invention is to utilize the expanded refrigerant gas dowing from a mechanically refrigerated carbonator for precooling a avored liquid to be dispensed with carbonated water from the carbonator.

Other objects will appear as the description of the invention proceeds. 4

in the accompanying drawings,

iiig. l is a diagrammatic view ci a system incorporating the invention;

Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic view of another system incorporating the invention;

Fig. 3 is still another diagrammatic view of another system incorporating the invention;

Fig. t is a sectional view of the refrigerant distributing coupling for the carbonator and the water tank shown in Figs. 1 and 3.

The refrigerated beverage dispensing system 2 to feed refrigerant directly to the carbonator and the water tank and if a high side iloat is not used in receiver I6 conduit 23 is made small enough in diameter to restrict refrigerant iiow therethrough. A cut-in switch 24 for the motor is under control of pressure in the return line by means of tube 24'.

The carbonator is of the instantaneous type Vand can be oi the same construction' as shown in my pending application Serial No. Milind, tiled January'8,1943, which has matured into Patent No. 2,396,460, granted March l2, 1946. The carbon dioxide gas cylinder is connected with the carbonator by conduit 25. Water ows to the carbonator through conduit 2B which eutends downwardly through the carbonator to a mixing and metering device t9 in the bottom portion of the carbonator `where it mixes with carbon dioxide gas from conduit 25. A control valve device 2i is arranged in conduit z5 and is under control of the water pressure in conduit 26 through means of conduit 28. such arrangement controlling carbon dioxide gas dow to the carbonator in accordance with water pressure in conduit i6, as shown in my pending application -Serial No. 467,547, iiled December i, i942, which has matured into Patent No. 2,401,915, granted June 11,- 1946".` The carbonator has an interior storage chamber 29 into which the mixture oi water arid carbon dioxide dows troml the mixing and metering device -39 at the base oi the carbonator. Water conduit 25 is coiled in lchamber 3i surrounding the storage chamber and con nects with the metering and mixing device, and the carbon dioxide conduit 25 also connects with such mixing device. Refrlgerant conduit 23 is illustrated in Fig. 1 'has a carbonator device IB, a i

carbon dioxide cylinder il, a, water supply storage tank i2 and a plurality of liquid containers it. A mechanical refrigeratingsystem is utilized to cool the tank, the carbonator device and the liquid containers, such system including a sealed electric motor and compressor unit Il, condenser I5, liquid refrigerant receiver I6, which may have a high side iloat, and'suction The suction control valve is connected with the refrigerant return conduit it leading to the compressor,l and leading on from the return conduit is a branch conduit I! can'be filled with a suitable liquid. such chamber having tubes 34| coiled therein. -These coiled tubes are connected with receptacles 13' which connected with a pressure equalizer chamber in tank 2li. The compressor is connected with the condenser by conduit 2| and the condenser is connected with the liquid refrigerant receiver by conduit 22. Conduit 23 leads from the receiver 55 can contain different kinds of syrup, fruit juices or other similar liquids to vbe mixed with the carbonated water.

A faucet structure 35 is xed preferably to the carbonator and inthermal contact therewith and can be of the type shown Ain* my Patent No. 2,396,460 previously-referred-to. The faucet has anl outlet nozzle communicating with the carbonated waterhhamber -in the-carbonator and.

communicating by imparate passages with the upper ends of tubes Il Valve'mechanisms "31 are arranged to control now of carbonated water and a selected syrup through the faucet, such valves being of the type shown in my first referred to application and actuated by solenoids 38. The solenoids can be arranged to be controlled by suitable coin operated switches and suitable mechanism 38 for regulating the timing of liquid flow.

The water storage tank I2 can be formed of any shape metal shell 40 having a refrigerant conduit 4I coiled around and in thermal contact with it and enclosed by an insulation jacket 42. This conduit 4I branches of! from conduit 23 adjacent the carbonator through a coupling 23 in which a valve 44 is arranged to restrict refrigerant flow to the water tank. The upper end of refrigerant conduit 4I leading from the water tank is connected with a coupling 45 and the refrigerant conduit 32 leading from receptacles I3 is also connected to this coupling.

The coupling 45 is connected with an accumulator chamber 46 by conduit 41. Conduit 48 leads from the accumulator chamber to the suction control valve I1 and forms a portion of the refrigerant return line I8.

It is desirable to maintain a certain level of water in the tank I2 and to move water from the tank through the carbonator metering and mixing device in the same volume as carbonated water is drawn from the carbonator. A water outlet tube 50 extends through the top of the' tank and the inlet end of such tube is attached to the pump and is adjacent the bottom of the tank. Pump 5I is arranged in the tank to move water through tube 50 under pressure and is driven by an electric motor 52. Such inside pump arrangement prevents loss of refrigeration.

The water level in the tank can be maintained by automatic means. A water inlet conduit 53, connected with a suitable water supply under pressure, opens into the top of the tank and iiow therethrough is controlled by a valve indicated by numeral 54. This valve can be operated by a solenoid 65 in an electric circuit having switch mechanism 58 under control of members 5l and 58 suspended in the tank. The valve 54 is opened when the water level drops below member 58 and the valve is closed when the water level contacts member 51, such electrical valve control mechanism being conventional. water flow can be controlled manually byushut oif valve 58. The conduit 8l can have a lter and deodorizer 53' therein.

Pipe 50 connects with pipe 59 leading into a pressure equalizing chamber C0 and back flow can be eliminated by check valve BI. A shut off valve B9' is arranged in pipe 59, A water outlet tube 62 leads from the bottom ofthe equalizer chamber and is connected by a coupling 63 with conduits 28 and 28. The water equalizer chains ber and the refrigerant accumulator chamber 46 can be formed as a unitary structure consisting of telescoped shells 84 and l5. Shell 65 forms the interior water chamber and the refrigerant accumulator chamber is between the shells.

The containers Il. the carbonator I0 and the accumulator and equalizer unit are preferably enclosed by suitable insulation as indicated by numeral 68. Insulation can be utilized for the component parts of the system as may be desirable. It will be understood that the parts of the system described can be arranged and formed to fit within the confines of a cabinet chamber outside of which only the faucet nozzle may project.

Liquid refrigerant in the carbonator cools the The ' water inlet conduit 2l in chamber 2l therewith.

it cools the carbonated water stored in chamber 29 and the mixing device and faucet in thermal relation therewith. Refrigerant in the carbonator structure also cools the syrup tubes in the surrounding chamber 33. As the liquid refrigerant is expanded in the carbonator chamber 3l, it flows out into conduit 32 as a moist gas which has the effect of keeping the liquids in containers I3 at a lowered temperature, but not sufficiently low to interfere with flow when the faucet valves are opened. Thus the liquids in the containers are precooled, without reducing the efliciency of the refrigerating system, before entering the carbonator while passing through the carbonator device and the faucet. Because liquids are precooled in the chambers during idle dispensing periods, beverage may be dispensed at a rapid rate without adding load to the compressor and the cold syrup will prevent liberation of gas from the finished drink or cause excessive foam.

Water has been previously cooled in the conduit through which it flows to a remote carbonator by direct heat transfer, but the capacity of such refrigerating systems used in automatic beverage dispensing cabinets has not been sufficientto maintain desired low water tempera-y ture when the draft rate is at peak loads because the compressor can not maintain low enough suction pressure vto continuously dispense beverages at desired temperature. In another water cooling system, a refrigerant coil is immersed in water in a tank and an ice formation is built up on the coil during the idle draft periods. In this system the water is coole-d by a coil immersed in the water bath. The heat ofthe water in the coil has to be transferred by water conductivity to the ice formation by thermo syphon action which is relatively slow and the cooling capacity is further limited by the ice bank and the capacity of the compressor operating at low suction pressure to replenish the ice. While such system stores refrigeration when no beverage is being drawn, its efficiency is low compared to one having a compressor of similar capacity which can operate at a higher suction pressure, such as this system which utilizes that idle time to cool the whole body of Water by the direct heat transfer method previously referred to. With the present system, liquid refrigerant flows from the receiver to the carbonator and water cooling tank through conduit 23. 'I'he opening in the conduit leading to the carbonator is larger than the restricted orifice leading to the tank refrigerant supply. The amount of and rapidity of cooling in the tank can be controlled by the valve 44. Refrigerant will continuously flow to the tank even though the float valve is closed in the receiver because the liquid refrigerant in the carbonator will ow downward through conduit 4| when the compressor is inactive. When the demand for instantaneous cooling is great the major portion of compressor capacity will be utilized by the carbonator because the refrigerant passages are larger and the resistance is less. Therefore, greater amount of liquid refrigerant will flow to the carbonator and less to the tank coil. Thus with this system there is instantaneous or direct cooling of the water at maximum eiiiciency because of the advantage gained by refrigerating the water tank at full compressor capacity when refrigeration supply is not re quired by the carbonator.

As the expanded refrigerant from the water l amm the accumulator, the interiorly located water pressure equalizer will to somedegree be maintained at low temperature. Also, this arrangement accumulates liquid refrigerant and thereby prevents frosting back online I3. The water pressure equalizer chamber has an air cushion therein above the open bottom ends ofthe water c tion control valve into the chamber IOI above conduit coil III. and coils upwardly around the tubes." and 59 against which the water from Y the tank is pumped. Connected with the top of the water chamber 50 is a conventional pressure responsivev switch l cooperating with wires 8| in an electric system for cutting the electric pump motor 52 in and out. The chamber 5l has an air check valve 2 connected therewith by means of which air can be pumped into the chamber to` some suitable pressure, such as pounds, when the water pressure is below such pressure. The pressure responsive switchwill cut in at some pressure above the mentioned air pressure, say at pounds, and will cut out at a higher pressure, say at 105 pounds, such switch operating pressure being higher than the pressure-regulating setting of water control valve 53 between conduit t2 and conduit-Blaming to the 'carbonaton This air cushion acts against the water to retard pressure reduction in chamber 50 upon water withdrawal and by so reducing pressure drop the control switch 3d will be actuated to prevent short cycling of the pump operating motor. '.Ihe beverage dispensing system is cooled by direct heat transfer water shell. The upper end II\ of this coiled conduit III opens into the top of` chamber III and the bottom of chamber IIII is connected with the compressor by return conduit II5. l

In Figs. 1 and 2, the COz feed line 2l has a branch line I2! having arms l2I leading into the tops of the containers to create pressure on the liquid therein to cause its flow through conduits 3l when the faucet is-opened. Check valves |22 are arranged in arms I2I so that the flavors of the liquids in the containers will not pass into the coz feed conduit 2l.

In the form of the invention shown in Fig. 2,

h Athe motor for the compressor can be controlled by pressure switch Aas in Fig. 1. In this form of the invention the refrigerant pressure equalizer is formed by chamber III and functions the same `as in tank 2l in Fig. l, to prevent short cycling inside thereof. In this form of the invention, the vrefrigerating system has a larger refrigerant charge than the system in Fig. l and sufdcient so that when the compressor has functioned, to ref duce temperature in the carbonator, water tank at maximum eiciency because of high suction pressure operation of the compressor. Thus, peak dispensing loads can be adequately taken care of with a refrigerating system and carbonator device that canbe housed in a relatively small cabinet or dispensing station.

Fig. 2 showsa modified dispensing systemsimilar in Amany characteristics to that shown in Fig. l. In the tank I2 is arranged a shell I" for containing water and spacedfrom such tank'to' form a, refrigerant chamber IDI. Water-is poured into the shell from time to time through the top and the water-outlet tube |03 leads lfrom the bottom of thetank to an exterior pump IIlI drivenby electric motor 52. .The pump'fconnects with the water pressure equalizer chamber by means of conduit |05 having acheck valve |06 and a screenl Ill'l therein. Water flows from the equalizer chamber to the carbonator through conduit water shell.

and containers, enough liquid refrigerant passes the suction control valve at a low pressure and temperature .to build up ice on the inside of the With such arrangement, the ice formed in the tank has direct contact with the G2 and the chamber has the air ceiling. cushion and pressure control switch 30 communicateswith the chamber for controlling the pump motor as in Fig. 1. The carbonator device, the mixing. and metering device, the faucet and the containers for syrup and the connections to the faucet are the same as previously described. Likewise, thev carbon dioxide connections with the syrup containers and the metering device are the same as described in connection with Fig. 1. f

The refrlgerating system is different in Fig. 2 from that previously described in that the feed water thereby aiding in lowering the water temperature when a supply of warm water is introduced. -This water cooling system for the tank could be used equally as well with the system shown in Figs. 1 and 3.

'I'he modified form of the invention shown in Fig. 3 has some ofthe features of the invention as shown in Figs. 1 and 2 togetherwith somewhat :different arrangements of the refrigerant and water circuits. The fwater tank I2 has the interior shell I" of Fig. 2 for storing water` and also the surrounding chamber IUI., Water can be supplied to the shell through a port 30| and an outlet tube 50 similar to that InFig. 1 is provided, such tube being connected directly with the carbonatos" 11 inlet tube 52.

The water chamber in the tank is connected .the carbon dioxide feed conduit 25 by a branch conduit 325 and a shut oil' valve 326` is arranged in the branch conduit. The water will mix with the gas in the tank and such carbonated water flows through conduit 52 to the carbonator mixing and metering device 39, The gas pressure mixing device through conduit 25 as in the other line 23 carries all the refrigerant from the high v side iioat valve controlled receiver I6 to the rel frigerant chamber 3I in the carbonator. In Fig. 2, the refrigerant outlet conduit IIII is coiled around the water-pressure equalizer and then extends into the bottom of chamber III, as indicated at III, then it coils upwardly around the water shell IMI and passes out of .the water tank as indicated at II2. The conduit portion II2 continuesin acoil II3 around containers I3 and is connected with suction control valve I1. A coiled refrigerant conduitv l Il lies in the upper part ofchamber IIII and conduit IM leads from the suclin this form of the invention eliminates the necessity of the water pump and water equalizer tank required in the previously described forms ofthe invention. Garbon dioxide gas flows to the forms of the -invention where it mixes with the Vcarbonated water mixture from the tank. As the pressure in the tank and the gas conduit are the l same, no'water pressure regulation of the gas supply will be required to obtain a constant mixture ratio, however, anautomatic timer 321 is arranged in the gas conduit to decrease flow after the water and-gas in the tank have been in contact a sufficient length ot time for saturation. Thus, the ratio of gas to water mixture in the carbonator is maintained'substantially constant.,

-- Water is poured into the tank at intervals as required through port SII .when a suitable clo.`

tion shown in Fig. 1. Refrigerant flows from the' carbonator around the syrup containers through conduit 32 and back to accumulator 46 but the refrigerant conduit 4| around the tank flows into conduit 32. tion control valve I1 and refrigerant flows from The accumulator connects with sucthe valve to conduit H through which it returns to the compressor, such conduit having a branch 330 opening to the tank chamber IUI as shown in Fig, 3 to provide pressure equalizing of the returning refrigerant to prevent short cycling of the compressor.

Various changes can be made in the several embodiments of the4 invention shown and described without departing from the spirit of the invention and the scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

l. In a dispensing apparatus for carbonated water, the combination with acarbonator having .a cooling chamber therein and a tank for supplying water to the carbonator and having a cooling coil in thermal relation therewith, of a mechanical refrigerating system comprising a liquid refrigerant feed conduit connected with the chamber in the carbonator, a branch conduit connecting the feed conduit directly with the tank coil, said branch conduit extending downwardly in relation to drain the carbonator chamber of refrigerant when the system is not operating, and `areturn line connected with the outlet ends of the chamber and the coil.

2. In a beverage dispensing apparatus, the combination with a carbonator having a cooling .chamber therein, a tank for supplying Water to the carbonator, and a container for flavored liq- `-uid to be mixed with carbonated water from the carbonator, of a refrigerating system comprising a conduit for feeding liquid refrigerant to the carbonator chamber, a branch conduit oben to the other conduit and coiled around and in thermal contact with the tank, a refrigerant re- `r1oiledaround the container. and means connecting the conduit coiled around the tank with the I /t/irn conduit connected with the chamber and return conduit.

3. A mechanical refrigerating system, in combination with a carbonator and a water tank connected to said carbonator, said system including means for feeding liquid refrigerant to said carbonator and in thermal relation with said tank, an accumulator, means connecting the carbonator and the means in thermal relation with .the tank to conduct refrigerant to the accumulator, a refrigerant return conduit connected with A.the accumulator, a suction pressure' control valve in the return conduit, and pressure equalizing means connected with the return conduit.

4. In a beverage dispensing apparatus, a carbonator, a source of carbon dioxide gas connected with said carbonator, a water supply means for said carbonator including a storagetank, a, cooling chamber in the carbonator, a coiled conduit in thermal relation with said tank, a syrup container connected to dispense syrup at a station with carbonated Water from the carbonator, and

conduit around the tank, a conduit connected with said carbonator chamber and coiled around the syrup container, an laccumulator connected' with said coiled conduits, a return conduit leading from the accumulator, and a suction pressure control valve in the return conduit. l

5. A mechanical refrigerating system of the compressor-condenser-receiver type, in'comblnation with a carbonator and a tank for water connected to said carbonator, said system including liquid refrigerantfeeding means connecting the receiver with the carbonator, means in thermal relation with the tank connected with the refrigerant feeding means, a refrigerant accumulator -connected with the carbonator and the means in thermal relation with the tank, a refrigerant return connection between the accumulator and the compressor, a suction pressure control valve in the return connection, a pressure equalizer connected with the return connection ,between the valve and the compressor, an electric motor for operating said compressor, and means responsive to equalizer influenced pressure conditions for controlling operation of said motor.

water, the combination with a'carbonator having' a refrigerant chamber therein and a water tank, said tank having Ia water connection with the carbonator and a refrigerant chamber, of a mechanical refrigerating system comprising a compressor, a condenser, a receiver, liquid refrigerant feeding conduit means leading from the receiver and branching to the carbonator and the tank refrigerant chambers, the conduit means .leading to the tank chamber having less capacity than the conduit means leading to the carbonator chamber, said conduit means leading to thetank chamber being arranged to receive liquid refrigerant from the carbonator chamber when the compressor is inactive, and return refrigerant conduit means leading from the chambers to the compressor.

8. In a dispensing apparatus for carbonated 'water'. the combination of a carbonator having a refrigerant chamber, a water tank having a surrounding pressure equalizer chamber and a water connection with the carbonator, and a mechanical refrigerating system having a compressor, a

condenser, a receiver, a liquid refrigerant conduit tion pressure control valve in the return conduit between the carbonator chamber and the connection with the equalizer chamber.V

9.. In a dispensing apparatus for carbonated water, a carbonator, a water supply tank, means through which water from the tank is moved a mechanical refrigerating system having liquid under pressure to the carbonator including a pressure stabilising device, and a mechanical refrigerating system for the carbonator having a return line in thermal contact withthe stabilizer and the tank.

l0. In a dispensing apparatus for beverages, a carbonator, a water supply tank, means for movcasema ing water under pressure from the tank to the f carbonator, syrupcontainers, a'mechanical re-A frigerating system having a refrigerant conduit leading to the carbonator, and a refrigerant rethe carbonator, and a mechanical refrigeratingv system having means for conducting refrigerant to have thermal relation with'the carbonator, then with the tank, then with the containers and back again with the tank.

12. In a dispensing apparatus for beverages, a carbonator having a refrigerant chamber therein, containers from which syrup is dispensed with carbonated water from the carbonator, a water supply tank connectedwith the carbonator, a chamber around the tank, and a mechanical refrigerating system having a compressor, a condenser, a receiver, a feed line leading to the carbonator chamber from the receiver, a conduit leading from the carbonator chamber and around the lower portion of the tank, the containers and the top portion of the'tank, said conduit/leading 10l sure equalizer chamber around the tank, syrup containers connected for draft with carbonated water, and a mechanical refrigerating system comprising a compressor, a condenser, a receiver, means for feeding refrigerant from the receiver to the carbonator chamber, a refrigerant conduit leading from the carbonator chamber and in thermal contact with the tank and the syrup containers and connected with the pressure equalizer chamber, and a conduit connecting the equalizer chamber with the compressor.

16. In a'dispensing apparatus for carbonated water, a carbonator having a refrigerant receiving chamber, a water supply tank connected with the carbonator, a pressure equalizer chamber around the tank, and a mechanical refrigerating system having a compressor, a condenser, a. re-

v ceiver, a refrigerant feed conduit from the rethe chamber around the tank, and a return conduit leading from the chamber around the tank to the compressor.

13. In a dispensing apparatus for beverages, a earbonator having a refrigerant chamber therein, containers connected to dispense syrup with carbonated water from the carbonator, a water tank connected to supply water under pressure to the carbonator, a chamber around the water tank, and a mechanical refrigerating system having a liquid feed line connected with the carbonator chamber, a return line connected with the tank chamber, an intermediate conduit having a portion leading from the carbonator chamber and coiled around the tank in the surrounding chamber, said intermediate conduit having aportion coiled around the Ycontainers and another portion coiled around the tank and open to the surrounding chamber, and a suction pressure control valve in the 'intermediate conduit between the portion around the containers and the portion open to the tank chamber. v

14. -In a dispensingapparatus for beverages, a .carbonatcr .havinga refrigerant chamber, syrup containers connected to dispense syrup with carbonated water from the carbonator, a water tank connected to supply water under pressure to the carbonator, and a mechanical refrigersting system having a compressor, a condenser, a receiver,

\a`liquid refrigerant conduit leading from the receiver to the carbonator chamber, another liquid refrigerant conduit connected with the receiver and coiled around the water tank, and a return refrigerant conduit leading from the carbonator chamber to the compressor and in thermal contact with the' containers,- said conduit coiled around the water tank communicating at its outlet end with the return line between the carbonator and the containers.

15. In a dispensing apparatus for a beverage, a carbonator having a refrigerant receiving chamber therein,a water tank connected with the carbonator, means for moving water under preesure from the'tank to thecerbonstor, e pres ,ceiver to the carbonator chamber, a refrigerant conduit connecting the carbonator chamber with connecting the equalizer chamber with the coinpressor.

17. In a dispensing apparatus `for carbonated water, a carbonator having a refrigerant receiving chamber, a water supply tank, means through 'which water can ow from the tank to the carbonator including a pressure stabilizing device. and a mechanical refrigerating systemhaving a compressor, a condenser, a receiver, a conduit connecting the receiverV with the carbonator chamber and a refrigerant return conduit between the carbonator and the compressor in thermal contact with the stabilizing device.

18. In a dispensing apparatus for carbonated water, the combination or a carbonator having a refrigerant chamber, a water tank having a water connection with the carbonator, and a mechanical refrigerating system having a compressor,a condenser, a liquid receiver, a liquid refrigerant conduit means leading from the receiver to the carbonator, a refrigerant return means leading from the carbonator chamber to the compressor and having a portion thereof in thermal relation with `the water in the tank, and a suction The following references are of record in the le of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number `Name Date 534,848 Adam Rb. 26, 1895 1,087,436 Cordley Feb. 17, 1914 1,332,945 Holderle Mar. 9, 1920 1,437,306 *Hires Nov. 28, 1922 1,682,385 Leibing Aug. 28, 1928 1,985,785 Kellogg Dec. 25, 1934 2,081,883 Philipp May 25, 193'. 2,215,947 Wile Sept. 24, 1946 2,217,841 Hollinger Oct. 15, 1940 2,235,244 Ames Mar, 18, 1941 2,237,574 Persons Apr. 8, 1941 2,259,263 `Mojonnier -1..- Oct. 14, 1941 v2,306,714 Rowell Dec. 29, 1942 2,396,460 Di Pietro Mar. 12. 1946 2,401,915 Di Pietro June 11, 19,46

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