US2412414A - Hydraulic jack - Google Patents

Description

IMPLEMENS." f

Dec. 10, 1946. J, 1 MUELLER I 2,412,414

HYDRAULIC JACK Filed Dec. 12, 1942 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 I6 /CJ. I-

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Dec. 10, 1946. 1 J, MUELLER 2,412,414

HYDRAULIC ,nox

Filed Dec. 12, 1942 2 sheets-sheet 2 li I I/ I /V ai? l ULU'W Semen ha lMPLEMENTS.

Patented Dec. 10, 1946 HYDRAULIC JACK Joseph J. Mueller, St. Joseph, Mich., assignor to Auto Specialties Manufacturing Company, St. Joseph, Mich., a corporation oi' Michigan Application December 12, 1942, Serial No. 468,768

3 Claims. 1

This invention relates to hydraulic jacks.

Among the objects of the present invention are to provide an hydraulic jack constructed so that the oil reservoir is cast integrally with the base of the jack thereby promoting simplicity and economy in manufacture and operation; to provide an hydraulic jack wherein the oil reservoir is cast integrally with the base of the jack and likewise forms a mounting for not only the high pressure pump cylinder, but also for the actuating mechanism which serves to operate the piston reciprocating in the high pressure pump cylinder; to provide an hydraulic jack wherein the oil reservoir is cast integrally with the base and wherein the pump cylinder is formed within and cast integrally with the oil reservoir whereby if there be any flaws in the metal castings of the Dump cylinder the oil leaking therethrough will pass directly back into the oil reservoir and will not escape to the exterior walls of the jack; to provide an hydraulic jack wherein the pump cylinder is disposed vertically downwardly through the oil reservoir, being preferably cast integral therewith, and wherein the oil relief or by-pass valve mechanism is disposed directly in the oil reservoir whereby when the oil is released it passes directly into the reservoir and not through a series of tortuous restricted passages; to provide an hydraulic jack with a base provided with a cast hollowed out portion extending substantially one third of the way through the base whereby in the iinish of the jack the necessity of drilling a substantial part of the base to form a passage for the ball valves is eliminated; to provide an hydraulic jack wherein the oil reservoir is cast integrally with the base which thereby gives added weight at the bottom of the jack, whereby to stabilize the same; to provide an hydraulic jack wherein the top of the outside malleable iron casting is provided with a, plug inserted in a threaded fashion from the inside so that the internal pressure of the jack tends to seal and tighten this plug; to provide an hydraulic jack wherein the basal portion of the jack, including the liquid passages and the pump cylinder, are formed as an integral metal casting in a manner to eliminate the necessity of substantial machinlng of the parts; to provide an hydraulic jack with an oil reservoir and an internal passage leading therefrom to the ram, wherein the arrangement is such that when the jack is placed so as to be in operation with the ram in a horizontal position, the liquid will be drawn from the lowermost part of the reservoir to the ram; to provide these and other objects of invention, as

will be apparent from a perusal of the following specification when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the improved type of hydraulic jack.

Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view taken on the line 2-2 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a, detailed sectional view taken on the line 3--3 of Figure 2.

Figure 4 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on the line 4-4 of Figure 3.

Figure 5 is a view showing the jack in horizontal position.

Referring now to the drawings in detail, the improved jack embodies a basal casting 2 which is provided centrally with an upstanding wall 4 providing a central well. The circular inner faces of the upstanding wall 4 are threaded as at 6, into which screws a stationary ram 8 having a central longitudinally disposed liquid passageway I0. An elongated hollow shiftable ram cylinder I2 formed of malleable iron encloses the ram 8. This ram cylinder I2 is provided with an inwardly extending shoulder I4 at its top, and the upper surface of the ram cylinder is suitably knurled or fashioned, as at I6, to grip the load to be lifted. The top of the ram cylinder I2 ls provided with a screw threaded opening I8 into which is threaded the plug 20. This plug is provided with a head 22 on its inner end and with a hexagonal recess 24 in its outer or top end. The arrangement is such that the fluid pressure within the ram cylinder I2 tends to force the plug tightly to its seat to prevent leakage. At its outer end the stationary ram 8 is cut away as at 26 to receive a packing 28 between it and the inner wall of the ram cylinder I2. Likewise at the bottom, the ram cylinder is suitably threaded as at 30 to receive a packing 32 which lies betwee the bottom of the ram cylinder and the proper. At its outer bottom end the shift cylinder I2 is provided with a foot lift step 34 which provides a second load receivi g surface. The bottom of the ram 8 is recessed a at 36 a joins the internal passageway I0.

Cast integrally with the upstanding wall 4 of the base is an oil reservoir 38. This reservoir is preferably cylindrically shaped and is disposed laterally of the central axis or passageway I0 of the upstanding ram 8. The cylindrical reservoir extends substantially from one side of the base to the other, as indicated in Figures 1 and 3, and this reservoir is provided with a threaded opening at each end, such as 40 and 42, to receive threaded plugs 44 and 46 whereby to facilitate ures.

the casting of the reservoir as well as to permit the lling of the same with suitable liquid, preferably oil. The plugs 44 are countersunk at their outer ends in a hexagonal manner to permit the removal and insertion of the same.

A high pressure pump cylinder is cast integrally with the oil reservoir. As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the walls 48 are internally formed centrally of the reservoir, extending vertically downwardly as indicated in the above mentioned iig- At the top the pump cylinder casting 48 is shouldered as at 50 to receive a threaded packing plug or ring 52 which serves to hold suitable packing 54 in position to prevent leakage outwardly around the Dump piston. A pump piston 56 is adapted to be reciprocatingly mounted within this cylinder 48 and to this end the pump piston is provided at its outer end with a cross bore 58 in which a pin 60 is disposed, and the pump piston having at its inner or opposite end a threaded shank to which is attached a nut 51 which supports a collar 59 being surrounded by a leather pump washer 6|, as shown in Figure 3. The opposite ends of the pin 60 lie in registering apertures 62 and 64 of ears 86 and 68 of an actuator 10 pivoted as at 12 to the outer end of the links 14 which are in turn pivo-ted by means of the pin 16 to the ears 82 integrally cast on the top surface of the reservoir 38. The actuator 'l0 is provided with a socket 86 in which an operating handle 88 may be inserted whereby upon reciprocation of the handle in a vertical plane the high pressure pump will be actuated in a manner well known in the hydraulic jack art to draw liquid from within the interior of the reservoir 38 through the cast passageway 90 past the ball Valve 92. This ball valve, as shown, is normally held by means of a spring 94 on its seat 96. The liquid will be drawn inwardly by an upward movement of the piston 56 into the high pressure cylinder 39 and then upon downward movement of the piston 56 the ball 92 will be pressed against the seat and the liquid will thence be transferred past the larger ball 98, thence through the transversely extending cast opening |00, thence through channel |02-|04 into the recess 36 of the stationary ram 8, thence up the longitudinal passageway of the ram to cause the upward projection of the shiftable ram cylinder |2. The ball valve 98 is normally pressed to its seat by means of the spring 99.

A diagonally disposed passageway |06 connects the passageway |02 in the base of the jack with the reservoir and the upper portion of this cross passage |06 is provided with a valve seat |08 which is normally closed by means of a valve formed on the inner end of a plunger ||0 which by means of the threads |2 engages corresponding threads on a sleeve ||4 cast integrally with the inner walls ||6 of the reservoir. Suitable packing I8 held in position by means of a threaded thimble |20 prevents leakage past this plunger ||0. Rotation of the outer end of the handle |22 of this plunger opens communication between the reservoir and the passageway |02 so as to permit the passage of liquid directly from the ram cylinder |2 back into the reservoir whereby to release the pressure in the cylinder to permit the descent or downward inward movement of the ram cylinder relative to the ram 8 and the base 2. It will be noted that by this arrangement and by forming the passageway |06 directly within the inner wall of the oil reservoir, leakage is precluded since the oil in escaping must pass directly into the oil reservoir.

It will be noted that passage |02 is closed at its outer end by a suitable threaded plug |03, and it will be likewise noted that the passage 90 is closed by another threaded plug |24, and in order to give access to this plug the bottom portion of the casting is hollowed out arcuately as at |26.

The front wall of the reservoir 38 is provided with spaced outstanding ears |28 to which are pivoted the opposite ends of a handle |30 for lifting the jack at its base.

It will be noticed from Figures 3 and 5 that the passageway 90 within the oil reservoir is arranged so that the end 9| of this passageway terminates relatively close to the vertical end wall 93 of the oil reservoir, by which arrangement when the jack is operated in the manner shown in Figure 5, that is to push horizontally, the end 9| is positioned relatively close to the Wall 93 which now becomes the bottom of the oil reservoir whereby oil is drawn from the bottommost part of the reservoir irrespective of whether the jack is operated from a vertical position or from a horizontal position.

Obviously the invention is not limited to the specific forms disclosed herein but is capable of other modifications and changes without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims appended hereto. Y

Having thus described the invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In an hydraulic jack in combination with a basal casting having ram receiving walls` a ram mounted in fluid-tight manner with respect to a portion of said casting walls, a ram cylinder surrounding said ram and shiftable relatively thereto, said ram cylinder forming a load supporting member, said basal casting having integral walls laterally of said ram forming a hollow reservoir to contain liquid, an intermediate portion of said reservoir having internal walls projecting downwardly through the reservoir and providing a high pressure pump cylinder` a piston in said cylinder and an actuator for said piston, a wall of one of said cylinders being formed with a bored portion forming a sleeve, the inner end of said bored portion terminating within the reservoir and the outer end of said bored portion terminating outside of said reservoir, an elongated adjusting means adjustably mounted in said bored portion, packing means about the outer end of said rod between it and the walls of the reservoir, the inner end of said rod being formed as a valve, said basal casting having passages formed therein interconnecting the high pressure cylinder and the space between the ram and the ram cylinder, and likewise connecting With the reservoir, said valve on said rod controlling said last mentioned passage.

2. An hydraulic jack comprising a, base having substantially central upstanding walls forming a well, a ram anc a ram cylinder upstanding from said base concertrically of the central axis of said well, said base' laterally of said well having hollow upstanding walls forming an elongated liquid reservoir the central horizontal axis of which lies transversely of the vertical axis of said ram and ram cylinder, and the central part of said horizontally disposed reservoir being opposite the central axis of said ram cylinder, said reservoir at its IMPuMtims."h

exterior of said base and its inner end opening into said reservoir, a valve rod adjustably engaging within said sleeve and having a valve adjacent its inner end, the wall of said base within said reservoir being formed as a valve seat on which the valve normally seats, said base having liquid passages connecting said reservoir with said ram cylinder and with said pump cylinder and with said seat, one of said basal passages being formed in the base and lying substantially parallel with the bottom of the base with one end of said passage opening exteriorly of the base and the opposite end opening to said reservoir, said passage connecting with said ram cylinder thereabove, said passage having an additional conduit connecting therewith and with said pump cylinder, said passage having spaced Valve seats disposed on opposite sides of said conduit, and spring actuated valves disposed in said passage to close upon said spaced seats.

3. An hydraulic jack comprising a, base having a central Well, a concentrically disposed and relatively shiftable ram and ram cylinder means mounted on said base and associated with said Well, said base having a relatively flat bottom and said base having a substantially cylindrical elongated reservoir the walls of which are integral with said base, an end of said reservoir being flat and normal to the base and being disposed substantially adjacent the end wall of said base whereby said jack may be tipped so as to rest upon said flat end wall, the longitudinal axis of said reservoir extending transversely to the longitudinal vertical axis of said ram cylinder, the Wall of said base beneath one end of said reservoir being hollow and opening outwardly and said opening being flush with the end of said base, that portion of the base which forms a continuation of said hollow portion of said base being provided with an elongated liquid conduit extending parallel to the base, the substantially central portion of said reservoir opposite the longitudinal vertical axis of said ram cylinder being provided with integral Walls forming a hollow sleeve the upper portion of which opens onto the outer portion of said reservoir and the inner portion of which sleeve connects with said elongated passageway, a piston reciprocating in said hollow sleeve, said hollow sleeve forming a high pressure pump cylinder, one of the wall portions of said hollow sleeve being enlarged and being formed as a second elongated hollow sleeve the longitudinal axis of which extends angularly to the longitudinal axis of the pump sleeve, the inner wall of said second sleeve having a threaded portion, the outer end of said second sleeve opening onto the outer end of said reservoir and the inner end of said second sleeve opening within said reservoir, the wall of said base opposite and spaced from said second sleeve being formed as a. valve seat, said base below said reservoir having a second elongated passage connecting with said rst mentioned elongated passage, said second mentioned elongated passage connecting with the ram cylinder and with said Valve seat in the reservoir, a threaded rod threading into said second mentioned sleeve, the inner end of said rod closing upon said valve seat, said first mentioned elongated passage having two spaced seats disposed on opposite sides of the conduit connecting said passage with the pump cylinder, spring actuated ball valves normally mounted on said seats, the inner terminus of said iirst mentioned elongated passage connecting with the bottom of the reservoir adjacent the at end of said reservoir.

JOSEPH J. MUELLER.

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