US2484782A - Method of removing electroscopic powder from an electrophotographic plate - Google Patents
Method of removing electroscopic powder from an electrophotographic plate Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2484782A US2484782A US11842A US1184248A US2484782A US 2484782 A US2484782 A US 2484782A US 11842 A US11842 A US 11842A US 1184248 A US1184248 A US 1184248A US 2484782 A US2484782 A US 2484782A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- plate
- electroscopic powder
- powder
- electroscopic
- particles
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 13
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 13
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 3
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
- G03G5/005—Materials for treating the recording members, e.g. for cleaning, reactivating, polishing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G21/00—Arrangements not provided for by groups G03G13/00 - G03G19/00, e.g. cleaning, elimination of residual charge
- G03G21/0005—Arrangements not provided for by groups G03G13/00 - G03G19/00, e.g. cleaning, elimination of residual charge for removing solid developer or debris from the electrographic recording medium
- G03G21/0047—Arrangements not provided for by groups G03G13/00 - G03G19/00, e.g. cleaning, elimination of residual charge for removing solid developer or debris from the electrographic recording medium using electrostatic or magnetic means; Details thereof, e.g. magnetic pole arrangement of magnetic devices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G2221/00—Processes not provided for by group G03G2215/00, e.g. cleaning or residual charge elimination
- G03G2221/0005—Cleaning of residual toner
Definitions
- This invention relates to a method of removin electroscopic powder from an electrophotographic plate, with particular reference to cleaning residual powder from the plate after an electrostatic powder image has been transferred to a paper or other sheet, and has for its purpose to afford a quick, practical, and effective method for cleaning such plates in a manner that avoids rubbing, or applying an air blast to the surface of the photoconductive layer of the plate, so as not to scratch, mar, or injure the photoconductive layer, from the surface of which the electroscopic particles must be removed, and thus enabling frequent and repeated uses of the plate.
- the plate is produced by coating a metal plate with a suitable photo-conductive insulating material such as anthracene, sulphur or the like, which becomes conductive when exposed to light, and when such coated plate is charged electrostatically and exposed to the subject being reproduced, a latent electrostatic image is formed on the photoconductive layer of the plate and developed by dusting with a suitable electroscopic powder, the owder image thus formed being subsequently transferred to a sheet of paper or other transfer material and afflxed by any suitable fusing or other process, after which is becomes necessary to clean the electrophotographic plate and remove any residual powder in order to prepare it for another electrostatic charge and exposure.
- a suitable photo-conductive insulating material such as anthracene, sulphur or the like
- the present invention avoids all of these objections and is carried out by employing electrical attractive means for removing the residual dusting powder from the plate.
- a granular salt preferably a cubic salt such as sodium chloride or ammonium chloride, although other materials or compounds may be employed as long as they function in the manner described below.
- the developing material comprises a mixture of an electroscopic powder comprising a micronized pigmented resin or other suitable insulating material and a granular carrier consisting of particles of larger size than the electroscopic powder and having an electric charge opposite to that of the electroscopic powder, as set forth in co-pending application Ser. No. 762,005, filed July 18, 1947, and in carrying out the present invention, it has been found that the desired results are attained by using a granular salt such as forms a constituent part of the developing material and is mixed with an electroscopic powder for developing purposes.
- a cleaning compound consisting preferably of the granular salt carrier referred to above is flowed over the plate and because of its electric charge being opposite to that of the electroscopic powder and also of larger size and greater weight than the electroscopic powder particles, the granular carrier particles attract the electroscopic powder particles away from the plate and remove them entirely along with the granular salt particles as the latter are flowed over the plate.
- Any cubic salt or other granular material having an electric charge opposite to that of the electroscopic powder and with particles of larger size than the electroscopic powder particles can be used successfully, and as the granular salt particles move across the plate by tipping the latter or in any suitable fashion, they attract and pick up the electroscopic powder particles and by the combined action of electrical attraction and gravity remove them completely from the plate.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Cleaning In Electrography (AREA)
Description
Patented Oct. 11, i949 METHOD OF REMOVING ,ELECTROSCOPIC POWDER FROM AN ELECTROPHOTO GRAPHIC PLATE Harold E. Copley, Columbus,-hio, assignor, by mesne assignments, to The Haloid Company, Rochester, N. Y., a corporation of New York Serial No. 11,842
No Drawing. Application February 27, 1948, r
4" claims. (01. 95 -19) This invention relates to a method of removin electroscopic powder from an electrophotographic plate, with particular reference to cleaning residual powder from the plate after an electrostatic powder image has been transferred to a paper or other sheet, and has for its purpose to afford a quick, practical, and effective method for cleaning such plates in a manner that avoids rubbing, or applying an air blast to the surface of the photoconductive layer of the plate, so as not to scratch, mar, or injure the photoconductive layer, from the surface of which the electroscopic particles must be removed, and thus enabling frequent and repeated uses of the plate.
In carrying out the electrophotographic process, the plate is produced by coating a metal plate with a suitable photo-conductive insulating material such as anthracene, sulphur or the like, which becomes conductive when exposed to light, and when such coated plate is charged electrostatically and exposed to the subject being reproduced, a latent electrostatic image is formed on the photoconductive layer of the plate and developed by dusting with a suitable electroscopic powder, the owder image thus formed being subsequently transferred to a sheet of paper or other transfer material and afflxed by any suitable fusing or other process, after which is becomes necessary to clean the electrophotographic plate and remove any residual powder in order to prepare it for another electrostatic charge and exposure.
It is desirable that such plates be used repeatedly many time for commercially practical operations, and efforts have been made to clean them by air blast and by wiping with a cloth, but these procedures have been found to possess serious objections, and it is a purpose of this invention to afford an improved method of cleaning such plates in a way that avoids the necessity of wiping with a cloth or of using air currents, and overcomes all of the difllculties incidental to prior methods.
Cleaning by air blast has not been. sufflciently effective or practical, because it requires elaborate equipment for a commercial operation, and cloth wiping has not been successful since it frequently leaves a thin film of the electroscopic powder on the plate and a manual cloth-wiping operation does not lend itself to automatic or machine devices which are required for commercially practical operations.
The present invention avoids all of these objections and is carried out by employing electrical attractive means for removing the residual dusting powder from the plate.
Preferably this is accomplished by the use of a granular salt, preferably a cubic salt such as sodium chloride or ammonium chloride, although other materials or compounds may be employed as long as they function in the manner described below.
The developing material comprises a mixture of an electroscopic powder comprising a micronized pigmented resin or other suitable insulating material and a granular carrier consisting of particles of larger size than the electroscopic powder and having an electric charge opposite to that of the electroscopic powder, as set forth in co-pending application Ser. No. 762,005, filed July 18, 1947, and in carrying out the present invention, it has been found that the desired results are attained by using a granular salt such as forms a constituent part of the developing material and is mixed with an electroscopic powder for developing purposes.
After the electrophotographic plate has been dusted with the developing powder and the powder image transferred to a paper or other sheet, it is necessary to clean the plate and remove the residual electroscopic powder, and to effect this, a cleaning compound consisting preferably of the granular salt carrier referred to above is flowed over the plate and because of its electric charge being opposite to that of the electroscopic powder and also of larger size and greater weight than the electroscopic powder particles, the granular carrier particles attract the electroscopic powder particles away from the plate and remove them entirely along with the granular salt particles as the latter are flowed over the plate.
Any cubic salt or other granular material having an electric charge opposite to that of the electroscopic powder and with particles of larger size than the electroscopic powder particles can be used successfully, and as the granular salt particles move across the plate by tipping the latter or in any suitable fashion, they attract and pick up the electroscopic powder particles and by the combined action of electrical attraction and gravity remove them completely from the plate.
While the invention has been described with reference to a certain procedure and specific materials, it is not confined to the exact details herein disclosed, as for instance any means serving to attract the electroscopic powder particles away from the plate might be successfully employed, and this application is intended to cover such 3 modifications or departures as may come within the scope of the following claims.
I claim:
1. The method of removing electroscopic powder from an electrophotographic plate which consists in flowing over the plate a granular material having an electric charge opposite to that of the electroscopic powder.
2. The method of removing electroscopicpowder from an electrophotographic plate which consists in flowing over the plate a granular material consisting of particles of larger size than the electroscopic powder particles and having an electric charge opposite to that of the electroscopic powder.
3. The method of removing electroscopic powder from an electrophotographic plate which consists in flowing over the plate a granular salt ma- REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS .Number Name Date 2,297,691 Carlson Oct. 6, 1942
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11842A US2484782A (en) | 1948-02-27 | 1948-02-27 | Method of removing electroscopic powder from an electrophotographic plate |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11842A US2484782A (en) | 1948-02-27 | 1948-02-27 | Method of removing electroscopic powder from an electrophotographic plate |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2484782A true US2484782A (en) | 1949-10-11 |
Family
ID=21752206
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11842A Expired - Lifetime US2484782A (en) | 1948-02-27 | 1948-02-27 | Method of removing electroscopic powder from an electrophotographic plate |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2484782A (en) |
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2618551A (en) * | 1948-10-20 | 1952-11-18 | Haloid Co | Developer for electrostatic images |
| US2638416A (en) * | 1948-05-01 | 1953-05-12 | Battelle Development Corp | Developer composition for developing an electrostatic latent image |
| US2705199A (en) * | 1951-09-12 | 1955-03-29 | Harold E Clark | Method of developing an electrostatic latent image |
| US2772991A (en) * | 1954-12-14 | 1956-12-04 | Haloid Co | Process of cleaning a residual powder image from an electrophotographic plate |
| US2808328A (en) * | 1950-07-15 | 1957-10-01 | Carlyle W Jacob | Method and apparatus for xerographic reproduction |
| US2848727A (en) * | 1953-04-07 | 1958-08-26 | Western Electric Co | Apparatus for separating articles |
| US2874064A (en) * | 1955-05-16 | 1959-02-17 | Haloid Xerox Inc | Xerographic cleaner |
| US2981267A (en) * | 1957-10-25 | 1961-04-25 | Gen Electric | Apparatus and method for sanitizing tableware |
| DE1107078B (en) * | 1959-01-14 | 1961-05-18 | Kalle Ag | Process for the removal of developer powder from unfixed electrophotographic copy layers |
| US3100726A (en) * | 1959-01-14 | 1963-08-13 | Azoplate Corp | Process for the removal of unfixed developer powder from powdered electro-photographic reproduction coatings |
| US3411932A (en) * | 1964-09-23 | 1968-11-19 | Xerox Corp | Quality xerographic reproductions |
| US3776631A (en) * | 1969-11-20 | 1973-12-04 | Xerox Corp | Liquid developer cleaning system |
| US3815295A (en) * | 1971-08-02 | 1974-06-11 | Turlabor Ag | Process for treating photoconductors |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2297691A (en) * | 1939-04-04 | 1942-10-06 | Chester F Carlson | Electrophotography |
-
1948
- 1948-02-27 US US11842A patent/US2484782A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2297691A (en) * | 1939-04-04 | 1942-10-06 | Chester F Carlson | Electrophotography |
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2638416A (en) * | 1948-05-01 | 1953-05-12 | Battelle Development Corp | Developer composition for developing an electrostatic latent image |
| US2618551A (en) * | 1948-10-20 | 1952-11-18 | Haloid Co | Developer for electrostatic images |
| US2808328A (en) * | 1950-07-15 | 1957-10-01 | Carlyle W Jacob | Method and apparatus for xerographic reproduction |
| US2705199A (en) * | 1951-09-12 | 1955-03-29 | Harold E Clark | Method of developing an electrostatic latent image |
| US2848727A (en) * | 1953-04-07 | 1958-08-26 | Western Electric Co | Apparatus for separating articles |
| US2772991A (en) * | 1954-12-14 | 1956-12-04 | Haloid Co | Process of cleaning a residual powder image from an electrophotographic plate |
| US2874064A (en) * | 1955-05-16 | 1959-02-17 | Haloid Xerox Inc | Xerographic cleaner |
| US2981267A (en) * | 1957-10-25 | 1961-04-25 | Gen Electric | Apparatus and method for sanitizing tableware |
| DE1107078B (en) * | 1959-01-14 | 1961-05-18 | Kalle Ag | Process for the removal of developer powder from unfixed electrophotographic copy layers |
| US3100726A (en) * | 1959-01-14 | 1963-08-13 | Azoplate Corp | Process for the removal of unfixed developer powder from powdered electro-photographic reproduction coatings |
| US3411932A (en) * | 1964-09-23 | 1968-11-19 | Xerox Corp | Quality xerographic reproductions |
| US3776631A (en) * | 1969-11-20 | 1973-12-04 | Xerox Corp | Liquid developer cleaning system |
| US3815295A (en) * | 1971-08-02 | 1974-06-11 | Turlabor Ag | Process for treating photoconductors |
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