US2337240A - Gas burner - Google Patents

Description

Dec.21,1943. RSHARPER Em 2,337,2 0

GAS BURNER Filed Feb. 3, 1940 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Ewe/222755:

ATTORNEYS Patented Dec. 21 1943 GAS BURNER Philip S. Harper and Charles Lamar, Chicago, 111., assignors to Harper-Wyman Company, a corporation of Illinois Application February 3, 1940, Serial No. 317,096

1 Claim.

This invention relates to an improved construction for gas burners especially applicable to the type of burner used on domestic gas stoves.

This invention is particularly adapted for burner constructions formed of two metallic parts which, for purposes of this applicat on may be designated the base and the burner head, respectively. g

This invention also relates to an improved construction and assembly of the base and the burner head, which when held in assembled relation provide an improved arrangement and construction of burner parts on both the inside and outs de of the burner which are non-clogging and at the same time produce a high degree of efficiency when in operation.

As an ancillary advantage of this invention may be mentioned a construction which is useful when the base and the burner head are made of two different metals having different coefiicients of expansion, in which case the holding means may be so constructed as to serve to maintain the head in proper relationship notwithstanding the fact that the expansion of the two metal parts is different under the influence of the heat produced by the burner. By way of illustration, a burner constructed in accordance with this feature of the invention may have a base made of honor other suitable metal and a head made of aluminum or other light material having a different coeflicient of expansion from that of the metal of the base.

It is an object of this invention to provide a two-part burner embodying inner and outer nonclogging burner openings provided by grooves or slots in one of the two cooperating surfaces of the burner parts and to provide an improved and novel construction which does not interfere with the means employedto hold the burner parts together.

It is also an object of this invention to provide a, burner of the type above referred towhich may have a central holding means for the burner parts which is so constructed and arranged that the holding means does not interfere with the function of the inner burner and yet both the inner and outer burners are provided with ports of the most efficient construction and disposed in the most eflicient locations.. A further object is to provide a. burner having the above described advantages and which has the'inner and outer burner openings disposed on upwardly inclined angles, which results in a more efficient direction of the flame projected therefrom.

It is also an object of this invention to provide a, novel form of burner having holding means which includes a resilient element, maintained under tension, which serves to hold the burner head in intimate and proper association with the base at all times and under all conditions of expansion of the metal constituting the burner Darts.

This invent on is applicable to burners of various constructions, that is to say, single burners as well as double burners, the latter of which may comprise a simmer burnerin combination with a main burner.

Various other objects and advantages of this invention wh ch will not be specifically enumerated will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following description of one specific embodiment of the invention which should he read in connection with the accompanying drawings.

In the drawings- Figure l is an elevational view in cross section showing a single burner constructed in accord-' ance with this invention.

Figure 2 is a plan view looking down on the top of the burner of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a view of the burner illustrated in Figure 1, taken on the line 33 thereof and looking in the direction of the arrows.

Figure 4 is a view of the burner shown in Figure 1, taken on the line 4-4 and looking in the direction of the arrows.

Figure 5 is a view similar to Figure 1, showing a modified form of this invention.

Figure 6 is a similar view showing a further modification of this invention.

Figure 7 is a similar view showing another modification of this invention; and

Figure 8 is a similar view showing a still further modification of this invention.

By referring to the drawings, it will be noted that the burner which embodies the invention in the manner illustrated in Figures 1 to 4, inclusive, comprises a base In and a burner head II. The base comprises a cylindrical or other suitably shaped member made of any suitable material, such as iron, steel or the like and which may be formed by casting, machining or otherwise so as to comprise concentric walls I! and I3 and a bottom wall ll providing a gas chamber l5 and an open central core IS. The upper edges of the inner wall B are tapered as at I6, whereas the upper edges of theouter wall I! are tapered as at I1. These tapered walls converge downwardly toward each other and constitute seats for receiving cooperating surfaces on the burner head. The base is likewise provided with an inlet is which may beformed integral or otherwise so as to provide a gas feeding passage to the inner gas chamber i 5. The open core of the base is provided with a. ledge or step 20 which serves a function hereinafter more fully" described.

The burner head may be of any suitable construction within the limits hereinafter pointed out. It may be made of aluminum or other suitable metal and may be formed as a casting or wardly extending annular member 26 having a tapered surface 21 adapted to fit onto and cooperate with the tapered surface l6 of the inner wall of the base. .This tapered surface 21 may also be provided with a series of notches 28 which provide burner openings for the inside K of the burner.

The burner head is open at the center to provide an air passage in communication with the open central core of the base and across which extends a holding bar 36 which is clearly shown in Figures 1, 2 and 4. This bar terminates centrally in a depending hub member 3| which is drilled with anopening 32 and provided with threads 33. This hub may extend downwardly to any desired extent, but in this illustration it is shown as extending downwardly a slight distance below the lower edge of the annular member 26. The threaded opening in the hub is adapted to receive a holding bolt 34 having a threaded upper end and a non-round head 35 at its lower end. This head engages and cooperates with a holder 36 which may comprise a pair of superimposed annular members each having a relatively narrow cross bar which will not unduly block off the air passage provided by the central open core of the burner base. The shape and construction of the holder is best shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3. This holder may be made of any suitable metal, or it may be made of resilient material so that it can be distorted within its elastic limit. When a spring holder is employed, it may be maintained under initial tension and serve to yieldingly hold the burner head on the coo erating surfaces of the burner base.

it? pacity to a greater degree and more efiiciently than would be possible with other types of holders having less conductivity capacity.

In assembling the burner, it is merely necessary to insert a screw through the central opening in the holder 36 and 'to insert the holder and screw upwardly through the open central core of the burner base, with the screw projecting centrally therein with its threaded upper end disposed adjacent the upper edges of the burner base. With the holding screw and holder thus inserted, the burner head may then be applied to the upper portion of the base, with the hub opening 32 in proper position to initiate an engagement of its threads with the threads on the upper end'of the screw. The head may then be rotated in the proper direction whereby it may be screwed into its final position on the burner base. In cases where the holder is made of spring metal, after the head has been seated with its inclined surfaces in engagement, respectively, with the inclined surfaces of the walls I2 and l 3 of the base, the head may be given an additional turning movement so as to tighten the same in its final position and to cause the cross bar of the holder to be slightly bowed upwardly so as to be placed under initial tension.

With this modification, it will thus be apparent that with the the burner parts so mounted and held, the holder 36 serves as a resilient means for maintaining the burner head in intimate and proper association with the burner base. It will further be apparent that when the burner is in use and the metal parts of the base and head, respectively, are expanded and contracted under the influence of the heat given off by the burner, that if the burner head expands to a greater extent than the base, due to a different coefiicient of expansion; the burner head, whether When two annular members with cross bars are used to form the holder 36. they may be so disposed relative to each other as to cause the cross bars to overlie each other. in which case a passage of maximum size may be provided for the secondary air of combustion passing upwardly to the inner burner openings. Further-- more. by rotating one member relative to the other, the cross bars may be made to assume a position such as shown in Fi ures 2 and 3. wherein the cross bars do not overlap and in this way cut down to a predetermined extent the size of the secondary air passage. Thus, by rotating one member relative to the other any desired adiustment of secondary air may be obtained, within limits, as desired. It will be a parent that such relative adjustment may be made when the head is unscrewed to provide the necessary I freedom and thereafter by tightening the head the parts will be securely held in any adjusted position. In addition to the foregoing advantages for the particular type of holder shown in Figures 1 to 3, may be mentioned the fact that the annular rim of the holder provides a relatively large area of engagement with the burner base, whereby a larger amount of heat is conducted to the cross bar into the path of the upwardly flowing secondary air. This aids in cooling the burner base and functions in this ca-.

hot or cold, will always be maintained in intimate and proper association with the base through the yielding action of the holder. In other words, if through the expansion and contraction of the burner parts the head should tend to rise or otherwise move away from the base, this tendency will be counteracted by the holder 36 which will draw the bolt 34 and, in turn, the burner head, downwardly so as to at all times maintain the intimate and proper association between the parts.

Another advantage of this invention is that the base may be first formed by casting or other suitable practice and then subjected to a machining operation whereby the surfaces l6 and I! are formed by a single operation. In this way, these surfaces are'brought into proper relationship to each other so as to properly fit the cooperating surfaces 24 and 2-1 of the burner head. Similarly, surfaces 24 and 21 of the burner head may be machined in a single operation by means of single or associated machining tools, whereby these surfaces may be accurately formed in their proper relationship.

The form of burner having a resilient holder is found to serve well in practice when the head is made of aluminum and thebase of cast iron, as in all conditions of service the parts of the burner are found to be maintained in proper operativ association by means of the action of the holder 36. It is to be understood, however, that the invention is not to be limited to a spring holder, as the objects of the invention are realized with any other type 'of holder for the holding bolt.

By way of illustration, attention is called to the modifications shown in Figures to 8, in-

clusive, from which it will be noted that all of the constructions there shown are quite similar to the construction illustrated in Figure 1, with the exception, however, of the holding means employed. These modifications illustrate the [fact that the invention is not limited to the particular holding-means as any suitable holding means will serve.

, In Figure 5, for instance, instead of'having a detachable holder 36 as illustrated in Figure l, the base is provided with a cross holding member 40 which is formed as anintegral part of the burner'base and extends across the central air opening IS. The member 40 is of limited width so that it does not-materially block off the air passage. It is provided with a central opening 4| which is adapted to accommodate the bolt or holding member 34 which extends upwardly for engagement with the the same manner as illustrated in burner head in Figure 1.

Figure 6, on the other hand, has an integrally formed cross member 50 which, instead of being at the lower ,portion of the burner base, is at a more elevated position so that the holding 25 screw or member 34 is of shorter length.

In th'emodification shown in Figure 7, a cross member 60 is provided which may be formed integrally with the burner base and which is provided with an integrally formed upstanding stud 5l which may be threaded and will serve as a substitute for the belt or tie member 34, as shown in Figure 7. It will be apparent from this modification that. the depending hub 3| of the burner head may be screwed directly onto the threaded stud 6 I.

In the form shown in her 70 is provided which with the burner base; may be formed as a separate member mounted in the manner shown in Figure 1. It is contemplated that this cross member may be disposed at any desired position in the height of the burner base. This member is provided with an opening 1| having threads and is adapted to cooperat for holding engagement with a stud member 12 which will take the'place of the depending hub 3| on the burner head. In other words, in this form, the head is-provided with a male threaded holding part and the burner base is provided with a cross member having a female threaded opening. g, l

From the above constructions, it. will betapparent that the applicants have provided a burner which embodies in its construction both inner and outer burner openings of the nonclogging type. These openings result from the slots or grooves in one of the cooperating faces between the head and the burner base and are non-clogging by virtue of their construction and by virtue of the overhanging ledge provided thereabove. Heretofore, with burners of this character, the central burner openings have been provided by forming holes through the burner head which, if placed in, an efiicient location from the standpoint of combustion and heating, will be subject to clogging. Such constructions have been necessary due to the lack of a suitable holding means between the head and the base which would combine with the head and base structure in such a manner as to permit the use of non-clogging inner burner openings. In other words, in prior constructions of this type, the holding means has been such that the burner openings were not of the non- Figure 8, a cross memmay be formed integral or, on the other hand, it

clogging type; In the present invention, however, the holding means may be moved centrally into the axisof the burner and provides a satisfactory connection between the head and the 5 base which is out of the way of the inner burner openings and, in fact, does not structurally interfere with the means forming such burner openings. Consequently, the inner burner openings can be made of the same character as the outside burner openings and at the same time be placed at the most eflicient location, all of which provides a new and useful combination to form a new and efl'icient burner construction.

It is to be noted that in all forms of this 15 invention the central holding means on the head is located approximately on the same level as the inner burner openings and yet, due to the fact that the inner burner openings are inclined upwardly, the flame which is projected therefrom in use does not impinge upon the holding means. This not only avoids damage to the holding means but it avoids'as well any interference with the proper combustion or projection of the flame at the inner burner openings by the centrally located holding means.

The burner of this invention is not only simple in construction and easy to manufacture, but in addition its easily assembled in a fool-proof, positive way whereby it functions satisfactorily under all conditions ofservice.

The overhanging ledge 23on'the outer edge of the burner protects the outer burner openings 25 from becoming. clogged by falling dirt or other material that may spill from the surface of the stove, whereas the overhanging portion 55 on the inside opening of the burnerin a similar manner protects the burner openings on the inside. This is true of both the single and double burner types.

What is claimed is: A gas burner comprising, in combination, an annular base having a central air space, inner and outer walls and an annular gas chamber disposed between said inner and outer walls, said inner and outer'walls having inwardly directed upper portions and having downwardly converging upper surfaces, and a burner head adapted to cooperate. with said base and having inner and outer downwardly converging surfaces formed for cooperative association with said inner and outer surfaces, respectively, of said base, one of the surfaces of each cooperating pair of surfaces being notched to form, respectively, an outer series of burner openings extending angularly upwardly and outwardly andan inner series of burner openings extending angularly upwardly and inwardly, the burner openings of each of said inner and outer series having their inner ends terminating at-the inner edges of said in wardly directed upper portions of the gas chamber wall associated with said series, respectively, so as to provide increased length for each of said burner openings sufficient to preventflash-back under normal operating conditions without increasing the overall dimension of said burner, and the inner ends of said inner series of burner openings being disposed below the inner ends of said outer series of burner openings an amount suflicient to permit each series of burner openings to drawgas, respectively, from vertically spaced regions within said gas chamber.

PHILIP S. HARPER. CHARLES LAMAR...

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