US2326858A - Air outlet device - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 17, 1943. F. HoNl-:RKAMP HAL.

AIR OUTLET DEVICE s sheets-sheet 2 Filed July 9 /J -5 v y 17" Patented Aug. 17, 1943 A1B OUTLET DEVICE Friedrich lionel-kamp and Franz J. Kurth, New

York, N. Y., assignors to Anemostat Corporation o! America, a corporation o! Delaware Application-July 9, 1941, Serial No. 401,662 16 Claims. (Cl. 98-40) This invention relates to air outlet devices for the delivery of air from air supply ducts into rooms or other enclosures, and has particular reference to improvements in so-called ceiling outlet devices for the downward delivery of air into rooms or other enclosures from points at or near the ceilings or tops thereof. A

Delivery of air into a room or other enclosure may be for cooling, heating or any other purpose. If fresh or treated air is delivered into a room or other enclosure at a temperature lower than the room or enclosure air for Ventilating or cooling purposes, the delivered air falls more or less rapidly, depending upon the diiierence in temperature between the same and the room or enclosure air, and must be diused if occupants of the` room or other enclosure are not. to be subjected to the sensation of draft. On the other hand, if heated air is delivered into a room or other enclosure for heating purposes, the heated air may be at a considerably higher temperature than the room or enclosure air and may be delivered downwardly at a considerable velocity or in blast form from a suitable elevation above the floor'of the room or other enclosure without subjecting occupants of the room or enclosure to any sensation of draft, as heated air does not produce the same sensation of draft as cool air and because, moreover, heated air, due to its tendency to rise, must be forced downwardly and in owing downwardly spreads and becomes more or less thoroughly mixed with the room or enclosure, air depending upon its temperature differential, the height from which it is delivered and its velocity.

v Many rooms or enclosures, such as auditoriums and the like and such as are found in aircraft 'factories and various other lmanufacturing or storage plants, have exceptionally high ceilings or roofs and desirably are ventilated or cooled and heated by air supplied from above in order to conserve valuable space and because of various other considerations. However, air outlet de. vices as heretofore constructed and which are effective to supply Ventilating or cooling air in desired diffused forni into such rooms or enclosures, are not suitable for supplying heated air to such rooms or enclosures, as the heated air is not delivered suiiiciently far downwardly to be eiective. Separate outlet devices may, of course, be used for the delivery of fresh or treated air for Ventilating or cooling purposes and warm or hot air for heating purposes, butvthis involves complications and high expense. Accordingly, the general object of the present invention is to provide air outlet devices which may be used for delivering either fresh orl treated air for ventllating or cooling purposes, or heated air 'for heating purposes, downwardly into a room or other enclosure, and which, if used for delivering Ventilating or cooling air, is effective to diffuse such air, and, if used for delivering heating air.

.is eifective to deliver the same in blast form so that it will reach a low level in the room or enclosure and thus accomplish its intended purposes.

With the foregoing general object in view, the invention consists in the provision of air outlet v.devices for the purpose stated embodying the lustrated different practical forms of air outlet devices embodying the features of the invention:

Figure 1 is a central, vertical section through an air outlet device constructed in accordance with one practical embodiment of thel invention.

Figures 2, 3, 4 and 5 are views similar to Fig. 1 illustrating air outlet devices constructed in ac` cordance with other practicallembodiments of the invention; andv Figure 6 is a side elevation of the embodiment of the invention illustrated in Fig. 5.

Referring to the drawings in detail, rst with particularreference to the embodiment of the invention illustrated in Fig. 1, l0 designates an open-ended, hollow, flaring member in the form of a truncated hemisphere having at its smaller or upper open end. a neck Il for connection with an air supply duct (not shown) and provided in any suitable manner, at or near its larger or lower.

open end and at diametrically opposite points,

' with suitable bearings I2 inwhich is journaled a horizontal shaft i3 which extends across the said lower open end or mouth of said member..

A second open-ended, hollow, aring member,

also in the form of a truncatedhemisphere, is designated as I4 and is slightly smaller than the member IU whereby it may be nested in said memy ber l0 as illustrated by full lines in the drawings.

This second member I4, at or near its larger open v end and at diametrically opposite points, is suitably mounted on the sha-ft I3 for rotation by said shaft between its aforesaid nested position within the member il) as shown by full lines, and a position in advance of or below said member l0 1n which its larger open end is disposed upwardly diate vicinity of the device.

and its smaller open end is disposed downwardly and in which it forms, in effect, a constricted downward extension of said member I0.

Preferably the smaller open end of the member I4 is at least as large -as the smaller or upper y open end or neck of the member In. Accordingly, when the member I4 is disposed in its ilrst mentioned or nested position within and in axial alinement with the member III, supplied air flowing through the neck II enters the smaller end of said member I4 and is free to expand therein for downward and outward delivery from the larger end thereof at reduced velocity and ready mixing with the room-or enclosure in the imme- Therefore, when the member I4 is disposed in its nrst mentioned position the device is adapted for the delivery of fresh or treated air into a room or other enclosure for Ventilating or cooling purposes without producing any appreciable sensation of draft, assuming that the velocity of the supplied air is not too great and that the temperature differential between the supplied air and the room or enclosure air is not too pronounced. On the other hand, when the member I4 is rotated to its second mentioned position in advance of and in axial alinement with the member I0, forming in effect a constricted downward extension of the member I0, supplied air is caused to be delivered from the device in blast form. Therefore, when the member I4 is disposed in its second mentioned position the device is adapted for the delivery of heated air into a room or other enclosure in a manner to insure that the heated air will reach the lower part of the room or enclosure as is desired and required for effective heating purposes.

The shaft I3 may be provided with' any suitable means to facilitate manual rotation thereof to move the member I4 to either of its two operative positions, or an electric motor or any other suitable power device may be connected in any suitable manner to said shaft for effecting power rotation thereof. Moreover, any suitable means may be provided to retain the member I4 in either or both of its operative positions, one means for retaining said member in its first mentioned position being illustrated in the present instance as comprising spring-pressed buttons I5 carried by the member I0 for engagement with depressions I6 in the member I4.

While the device would be complete and operative if it comprised only the members l0 and I4, preferably it includes additional means to assist in, effecting diffusion of Ventilating or cooling air and blast delivery of heating air. tional means may comprise, for example, a plurality of successively smaller, open-ended, hollow, iiaring members I'I disposed inwardly with respect to the member I4 and successively inwardly and spaced with respect to one another, with their smaller ends disposed toward the smaller end of said member I4, and mounted in any suitable manner, as upon the shaft I3, for unitary rotation with said member I4. Accordingly, when the member I4 is disposed in its first mentioned position, the members I1 are effective to divide the supplied air into a plurality of separate streams of reduced velocity and to direct these streams outwardly whereby the supplied air is diiused and caused to mix in the vicinity of the device with the room or enclosure air. On the other hand, when the positions of the members I4 and I'I are reversed, as shown by the dotted lines, the members I1 assist the mem- Such addiber i4 in causing the air to be delivered from t device in blast form.

To facilitate mounting of the members I1 on the shaft I3, said shaft may be composed of separate sections threadedly connected together in end to end relationship and having opposite side portions of the members II clamped or confined between their ends. On the other hand, in order to facilitate application and removalof the members II as a unit to and from the device, the sections of the shaft I3 between the member I4 and the larger or outermost of the members I1 maybe dividedand the portions thereof may be separably connected together in any suitable manner, as for example, by means of sleeves I8 and cooperating fastening pins or screws I9.

Any suitable number of the members I1 may be provided and said members may be of any suitable form and may be arranged in any suitable manner in accordance with known practice as exemplified for example by Kurth Patent No. 2,142,134 of January A3, 1939.

Figure 2 of the drawings illustrates that instead of providing the shaft I3 of the device with flaring members such as the members II, said shaft may be provided with a flange or disk 20 to effect spreading of Ventilating or cooling air delivered from the device. Moreover, Fig. 2 illustrates that the member I4, instead of being mounted on the shaft I3 for rotation by said shaft, may be mounted on sleeves 2| which are journaled in the bearings I2 and which have the shaft I3 extending therethrough and journaled therein, whereby the member I4 and the plaque or disk 20 are rotatable independently thereof. Thus, the plaque or disk-.may be disposed in the full line position shown in Fig. 2 to direct supplied air laterally outward when the member I4 is disposed in nested relationship to the member I0, and may be disposed in the dotted line position shown in said figure so as not to interfere with the passage of supplied air through the device when the member I4 is disposed in advance of the member I0 for blast delivery of air d from the device. In other respects the device of Fig. 2 is, or may be, the same as the device of Fig. 1. Moreover, Fig. 2 indicates that, if desired, the flaring members I 'I of Fig. 1 may be made ftailzbly adjustable independently of the mem- Figure 3 of the drawings illustrates that if the shaft I3 is provided with flaring members I'I' similar to the flaring members I1 of Fig. 1, the member I4 of Fig. 1 may, if desired, be eliminated if the larger of said aring member I'I has its larger end of a diameter and spaced from the shaft I3 a distance such that when said larger end is disposed uppermost-it is disposed either in contact with or so near the member I0 as to prevent any appreciable amount of supplied air from flowing between the same and said member I 0. Accordingly, the form of the invention shown in Fig. 3 is the same as the form of the invention shown in Fig. 1, except that the member I4 of Fig. 1 is eliminated and the larger end of the larger of the flaring members I'I' is arranged to cooperate with the member Il! to direct all supplied air in blast form through the flaring members Il when said flaring members are disposed with their larger ends upwardly and their smaller ends downwardly.

According to the Fig. 4 form of the invention the construction is the same as the construction illustrated in Fig. 1, except that the member I4 is appreciably smaller than the member I0 so as to provide an air passageway a between said members I and I4 when the member I4 is disposed within the member I0. By virtue of this construction, supplied air delivered through the member I4 creates a suction eifect in the passageway a with the result that there is an aspirating ow of air through said passageway which materially assists in eiecting desired mixing of the room or enclosure air with the supplied air. In other words, according to the Fig. 4 form of the invention the opening in the smaller end of the member I4 is at least as large as the air supply opening in the upper or smaller end of the member I0. across the mouth ofthe passageway a and produces the mentioned aspirating -ow of air through said passageway. Alternatively, the opening in the smaller end of the member I4 might be of lesser diameter than the opening in the smaller end of the member I0 and any suitable means might be provided tovdirect supplied air across the mouth of the passageway a to produce an aspirating flow of air through said passageway.

` According to each of the embodiments of the y 1 invention illustrated in Figs. 1 to 4 vthe members I0 and I4 are of truncated hemispherical form, but obviously this is not essential and either or both of said members may be of truncated conical or equivalent form. Moreover, according to each of the embodiments of the invention illustrated in Figs. 1 to 4, the member I4 is mounted for rotation relative to the member I0 upon a shaft I3 which extends entirely across the larger ends of said members and serves as a' support for the air defiecting means such as the flaring members II, I1' or the member 20. It is not necessary, however, that the member I4 be mounted for rotation relative to the member I0 upon a shaft that extends across the larger ends of said members, nor that the air deiiecting members such as the members I1, I1 or the member 20 be mounted upon such a shaft. On the contrary,'the member I4 may be provided with trunriions journaled in bearings of any suitable type carried by the member Ill, and the air deecting member or members may be mounted upon the member I4 by means of struts, as illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6 of the drawings. v

According to the form of the invention illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6 of the drawings, the member I4 is provided in any suitable manner at or near its larger end and at diametrically opposite points with axially alined trunnions I3 which are journaled in suitable bearings I2 carried by the member I0 at or near itsv larger end, and by means of struts 22 the member I4 has mounted thereon a series of successively smaller, openended, hollow flaring members I'Ia spaced suc-` cessively inwardly of one another for controlling ow of the supplied air. In other respects the construction and mode of operation of the Figs( 5 and 6 embodiment of the invention is, or may be, the same as, for example, the Fig. 1 embodiment of the invention.

Without further description it is thought that the features and advantages of the invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and it will of course be understood that changes in the form, proportion and minor details of construction may be resorted to, without departving from the spirit of the invention and scope Therefore, supplied air ows receiving relationship to said duct for reversal to dispose either the smaller or the larger ends of said members rearwardly for delivery of air from said duct into either the smaller or the larger ends of said passageways, whereby air is delivered from said device in diffused form when the larger ends of said members are disposed forwardly and l. An air .outlet device comprising a plurality in blast form when the smaller ends of said members are disposed forwardly, and means cooperating with said device and said duct to cause supplied air to flow through said passageways in either. position of said device.

2. An air outletdevice comprising an openended hollow flaring member for connection at its smalleror rear end to an air supply duct,v a unit comprising a plurality of successively smaller, open-ended, hollow, flaring members spaced apart successively inwardly of one .another to provide a plurality of air passageways therebetween, and means rotatably mounting said unit upon said first mentioned member for reversal with respect to said first mentioned member to dispose either the smaller orvthe larger ends of the members of said unit rearwardly with either the smaller or the larger ends of said passageways in receiving relationship to air delivered through said rst mentioned member, whereby air is delivered from said unit in diffused form when the larger endsof the members of said unit are disposed forwardly and in blast'form when the smaller ends of said members are disposed forwardly, said unit being mounted with respect to said first mentioned flaring member so that when the larger ends of the flaring members .of said unit are disposed rearwardly the larger end of the largest aring member of said unit is disposed within and substantially snugly ts said first mentioned member whereby substantially all supplied air is caused to ilow through said passageways for delivery in blast form from said unit.

3. An air outlet device comprising an openended hollow member substantially in the form of a truncated hemisphere for connection` at its smaller or rear end to an air supply duct, and a smaller but otherwise similar member pivotally mounted at its larger end upon the larger or forward end portion of said first mentioned member-for rotation between a nested position within said rst mentioned member with its smaller end disposed rearwardly and its larger end disposed forwardly and a position in advance of said first mentioned member with its larger end disposed rearwardly and its smaller end disposed forwardly, whereby in the rst instance supplied air passing through said members is permitted to expand and in the second instance supplied air is caused to be delivered from the device in blast form.

4. An airloutlet device comprising an openended hollow member substantially in the form of a truncateed hemisphere for connection at its smaller or rear end to an air supply duct, a smaller but otherwise similarl member pi'votally mounted at its larger end upon the larger or forwardend portion of said first mentioned member' for rotation between a nested position within said rst mentioned member with its smaller end disposed rearwardly and its larger end disposed forwardly and a. position in advance of said first mentioned member with its larger end disposed rearwardly and its smaller end disposed forwardly, and a plurality of open-ended hollow flaring members mounted nl spaced apart relationship to each other within said second mentioned member for rotation therewith, said plurality of open-ended hollow flaring members having their larger and smaller ends disposed toward the larger and the smaller ends, respectively, of said second mentioned member whereby air is delivered from the.

device in dilfused form when` said second mentoned member is in its rst mentioned position relative to said first mentioned member and in blast form whensaid second mentioned member is in its second mentioned position relative to said first mentioned member.

5. An air outlet device comprising an openended hollow member substantially in the form of a truncated hemisphere for connection ai; its smaller or rear end to an air supply duct, a smaller but otherwise similar member pivotally mounted at its larger end upon the larger or forward end portion of said first mentioned member for rotation between a nested position within said iirst mentioned member with its smaller end disposed rearwardly and its larger end disposed forwardly and a position in advance of said first mentioned member with its larger end disposed rearwardly and its smaller end disposed forwardly, whereby in the first instance supplied air passing through said members is permitted to expand and in the second instance supplied air is caused to be delivered from the device in blast form, and means to deiiect air flowing through said smaller member, said means being mounted for rotation between air deecting and air non-deflecting positions relative to said smaller member.

6. An air outlet device comprising an openended hollow flaring member for connection at its smaller or rear end to an 'air supply duct, and

a smaller hollow flaring member pivotally mounted at its larger end upon the larger or forward end portion of said first mentioned member for rotation between a nested position within said rst mentioned member with its smaller end disposed rearwardly and its larger end disposed forwardly and a position in advance of said iirst mentioned member with its larger end disposed rearwardly and its smaller end disposed forwardly, whereby in the first instance supplied air passing through said members is permitted to expand and in the second instance supplied air is caused to be delivered from the device in blast form, said smaller member being of a size so that when it is in its rst mentioned position it is spaced from said first mentioned member to provide an air aspirating passageway between said members, and the smaller open end of said smaller member being at least as large as the smaller open end of said first mentioned member so that when said smaller member is in its first mentioned position supplied air delivered through the smaller member produces aspiration in said aspirating passageway.

'7. An air outlet device comprising an openended hollow flaring member for connection at its smaller or rear end to an air supply duct, a shaft extending across the larger or air outlet end of said member, and a plurality of successively smaller open-ended hollow flaring members spacedapart successively inwardly of one another to provide air passageways therebetween, said members being mounted on said shaft for roasaaess tation between a position in which their smaller ends are disposedrearwardly and a position in which their larger ends are disposed rearwardly, whereby in the first instance air delivered from said device is diffused and in the second instance air is delivered from said device in blast form.

8. An air outlet device comprising an openended hollow flaring member for connection at its smaller or rear end to an air supply duct, a shaft extending across the larger or air outlet end of said member, and air ilow control means mounted on said shaft for rotation'to di'erent operative positions, said shaft comprising a plurality of separably connected sections to facilitate application, removal and interchangeability of said air flow -control means.

9. An air outlet device comprising an openended hollow flaring member for connection at its smaller or rear end to an air supply duct, a smaller open-ended hollow flaring member, bearings carried by one of said members adjacent to its larger end and trunnions carried -by the other of said members adjacent to its larger end and journaled in said bearings whereby said smaller member is mounted upon said larger member for rotation between a. nested position within said first member with its smaller end disposed rearwardly and its larger end disposed forwardly and a position in. advance of said larger member with its larger end disposed rearwardly and its smaller end disposed forwardly, at least one open-ended hollow flaring air flow control member disposed within said smaller member, and struts mounting said air flow control member upon said smaller member.

10. An air outlet device comprising an openended hollow flaring member for connection at its smaller or reanend to an air supply duct, and a smaller open ended hollow flaring member pivotally mounted at its larger end upon the larger or forward end portion of said iirst mentioned member for rotation between a nested position within said first mentioned member with its smaller end disposed rearwardly and its larger end disposed forwardly and a position in advance of said iirst mentioned member with its larger end disposed rearwardly and its smaller end disposed forwardly, whereby in the first instance supplied air passing through said members is permitted to expand and in the second instance supplied air is caused to be delivered from the device in blast form, said smaller member being of a size so that when it is in its ilrst mentioned position it is spaced from said first mentioned member to provide between said members a passageway through which an aspiratlng flow of air is produced by the flow of supplied air through said members.

11. An air outlet device comprising an openended hollow flaring member for connection at its smaller or rear end to an air supply duct, and a smaller but otherwise similar member pivotally mounted at its larger end upon the larger or forward end portion of said first mentioned member for rotation between a position with its smaller` end disposed rearwardly and its larger end disposed forwardly relative to said first mentioned member and a position with its larger end disposed rearwardly and its smaller end disposed forwardly with respect to said rst mentioned member, whereby in the first instance supplied air passing through said members is permitted to expand and in the second instance supplied air is caused to be delivered from the device in blast form.

12. An air outlet device comprising an openendedhollow member for connection at one end to an air supply duct, an open-ended hollow flaring member, and shaft means extending transversely with respect to said members and pivotally mounting said second mentioned member upon said rst mentioned member for rotation between a position with itssmaller end disposed rearwardly and in air receiving 'relationship to said first mentioned member and a position with its larger end disposed rearwardly and in air receiving relationship to said rst mentioned member, whereby in the iirstl instance supplied air ilowing through said members is permitted to expand in said second mentioned member and in the second instance supplied air flowing through said members is caused to be delivered from said second mentioned member in blast form.

13. An air outlet device comprising an openended hollow flaring member for connection at its smaller or rear end to an air supply duct, and a smaller open-ended hollow flaring member pivotally mounted at its larger end upon the larger or forward end portion of said first mentioned member for rotation between a position nested within said first mentioned member with its smaller end disposed rearwardly and its larger end disposed forwardly and a position in advance of said first mentioned member with its larger end disposed rearwardly and its smaller end disposed forwardly, whereby in the rst instance supplied air flowing through said members is permitted to expand and in the second instance supplied air flowing through said members is caused by said second mentioned member to be delivered from the devicel in blast form.

14. An air outlet device comprising an openended hollow flaring member for connection at its smaller or rear end to an air supply duct, a unit comprising a plurality of successively smaller, open-ended, hollow, flaring members spaced apart successively inwardly of one another to provide a plurality of air passageways therebetween, and

to said first mentioned member to dispose either the smaller or the larger ends of the members of said unit rearwardly with either the smaller or the larger ends of said passageways in receiving relationship to air delivered through said rst mentioned member, whereby air is delivered from said unit in diffused form when the larger ends of the members of said unit are disposed forwardly and in blast form when the smaller ends of said members are disposed forwardly.

15. An air outlet device comprising an openended hollow :flaring member for connection at its smaller or rear end to an air ,supply duct, a second open-ended hollow flaring member, and pivot means mounting said second mentioned member upon the larger or front end portion of said first mentioned member for rotation to dispose either `the smaller or the larger end of said second mentioned member rearwardly in air receiving relationship to said first mentioned member, said pivot means being disposed with respect 16. An air outlet device comprising an openended hollow flaring member for connection at its smaller or rear end to an air supply duct, a second open-ended hollow flaringmember, pivot means mounting said second mentioned member upon the larger or front end portion of said first mentioned member for rotation to dispose either the smaller or the larger end of said second mentioned member rearwardly in air receiving relationship to said iirst mentioned member, at least one other open-ended hollow daring member spaced inwardly from said second mentioned member, and strut means mounting said last mentioned member upon said second mentioned member.

' FRIEDRICH HONERKAMP.

FRANZ J. KURTH.

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