US2323015A - Machine for setting or driving rivets and the like - Google Patents

Description

June 29, 1943. w c DENT I 2,323,015

MACHINE FOR SETTING OR DRIVING RIVETS AND THE LIKE Filed July 14, 1941 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 June 29, 1943. w. c. DENT 2,323,015

MACHINE FOR SETTING OR DRIVING RIVETS AND THE LIKE Filed July 14, 1941 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 ,I nv Ey gw BY 9%.

June 29, 1943. w c, DENT 2,323,015

MACHINE FOR SETTING 0R DRIVING RIVETS AND THE LIKE Filed July 14, 1941 5 Sheets Sheet 3 June 29, 1943. I w, c, DENT 2,323,015

MACHINE FOR SETTING 0R DRIVING RIVETS AND THE LIKE Filed July 14, 1941 5 Sheets-Shee t 4 W. C. DENT June 29, 1943.

MACHINE FOR SETTING OR DRIVING RIVETS AND THE LIKE 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed July. 14, 1941 ATTORNEY Patented June 29, 1943 MACHINE FOR SETTING OR DRIVING RIVETS AND THE LIKE William Carlyle Dent, Birmingham, England, as-

signor to Baxters (Bolts, Screws & Rivets) Limited, Birmingham, England Application July 14, 1941, Serial No. 402,362 In Great Britain July 15, 1940 Claims.

This invention relates to machines for setting or driving rivets or the like, being of the kind in which the said rivets or the like are fed in succession to a pocket or holding device for operation upon by a setting or driving tool.

At present it is usual practice to use a springpressed locating pin beneath the work, being slidably mounted in the anvil to form part of the surface of the latter when depressed, but the pin is liable to wear due to rubbing of the work over it, thus affecting the shape of the lower end of the rivet, especially in the case of semi-tubular rivets; also the pin is invisible from above the work, causing difficulty in locating the work; and the pin usually has very little strength to resist lateral strains imposed upon it by moving of the work over it whilst being positioned.

One of the objects of the invention is to provide a riveting or like machine which is designed to enable the work components to be readily and visibly located, for riveting or joining, by means of a rigidly-held rivet or the like itself, thus obviating the use of a special locating device, such as a spring-pressed locating pin beneath the work.

Another object is to ensure that the machine is disconnected from the control of the operator and is placed under mechanical control after location of the rivet or the like and during the setting or driving operation.

A further object is to ensure that unless the work is correctly positioned the machine cannot be operated.

A still further object is to provide means whereby a rivet or the like cannot be fed to the pocket or holder unless the clutch is disengaged after a working stroke.

According to the invention, a method of setting or driving rivets, by the use of a machine of the kind referred to, is characterised by the fact that the work components are visibly located in relation to each descending rivet by means of the rivet itself, each rivet being rigidly held in the pocket or holding device and the latter lowered to the work by means controlled by the operator to cause the rivet to enter the holes in the work when the said work has been properly located.

Also, according to the invention, a riveting or like machine, of the kind referred to, comprises means controlled by the operator for lowering the rivet pocket or holder to locate a rivet or the like, held by said pocket or holder, within holes in the work.

Also, according to the invention, a machine of the kind referred to, for setting or driving rivets or the like, comprises means controlled by the operator for lowering the rivet pocket or holder to locate the rivet or the like within holes in the work components, means for disconnecting or relieving the pocket or holder from control by the operator after location, and means for mechanically holding the rivet or the like in the work during the setting or driving operation.

The pocket or holder may be operated by a pedal or the like acting on a lever and also controlling the clutch for starting the machine, the pedal transmission to the pocket being initially maintained effective by a cam forming an abutment for a lever controlling the transmission, said cam moving into an inoperative position when the clutch is engaged, so as to render the pedal inoperative on the pocket, and a second cam then coming into operation to maintain the pocket lowered and the rivet or the like in the work during the subsequent operation of the setting or driving tool.

A locking device may be provided which holds the pocket in a lowered position prior to the control cam coming into operation, means being provided on a moving part of the machine for subsequently releasing said locking device before the pocket is raised.

The pedal transmission to the pocket may include a yielding coupling which separates or opens should the resistance be excessive, such as if the rivet or the like is not properly located in the holes of the work. Thus, the transmission may include a pedal-operated slide having a projection co-operating with an inclined 0r cam surface on a second slide operatively connected to the pocket, said second slide being guided upon a spring-supported lever that yields should the pressure upon the inclined or cam surface exceed a predetermined value.

In connection with the feed chute for supplying the rivets or the like to the pocket, a separator slide delivers the rivets one at a time to a lower chute, and associated with the latter is a second or blocking slide controlled by a member connected to the clutch release mechanism, the arrangement being such that if the clutch release mechanism is not in a condition to disengage the clutch after a working stroke of the machine, the said second slide will take a position in which it blocks the lower chute and prevents the next rivet from being delivered to the pocket.

Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings represent a vertical section through a rivet-setting machine in accordance with the present invention.

Figure 2 is a plan view of the front portion of the machine.

Figure 3 represents a side elevation, partly in section, of the means for controlling and throwing out of action the pedal transmission to the pocket slide, and also the yielding coupling in the said transmission.

Figure 4 is an elevation of the means for operating and locking the pocket slide and also the cam means for taking over the control of the pocket slide when the pedal transmission has been put out of action.

Figure 5 is a vertical sectional elevation showing the ram and setting tool and the pocket at the top of their travel the pocket being in a position to receive a rivet from the chute.

Figure 6 is a similar View when the setting tool is fully lowered for setting a rivet.

Figure 7 is a front elevation showing the pocket and tool in the positions represented in Figure 5.

Figure 8 is a plan of the pocket.

Figure 9 is a view showing. the clutch release mechanism and the control slides of the chute.

Referring to the drawings, the riveting machine comprises a head frame having two spaced side plates or cheeks l between which is secured a main guide block 2 within which is guided a vertically-slidable ram 3 carrying a depending rivet-setting tool shank 4 terminating at its lower end in a tool part 5 of smaller diameter adapted to co-operate with a stationary anvil 6 situated below the head of the machine and upon which the work I is placed. The ram 3 is operated by upper and lower pairs of toggle links 8, 9, the upper links 8 being pivoted to a fixed thrust block Ill and the lower links 9 being pivoted to the ram, and both sets being pivoted to a central block H operated in a backward and forward direction by a connecting rod I2 from a crank l3 on the main shaft I 4 of the machine, whereby the ram is raised and lowered. The rivets are fed from a hopper into a chute I5, l5 (Figures '7 and 9), which delivers them one at a time to a pocket or holder by which each rivet is lowered to and located within the aligned holes in the work components and rigidly held therein, in alignment with the setting tool 5, previous to the said tool being lowered by the ram. The pocket or holder consists of two recessed separable jaw parts l6, each of half cup form, adapted to receive and rigidly grip a rivet l1 between their lower ends, as shown in Figure 5. These pocket parts ii are carried by arms l8 secured upon the lower ends of vertical shouldered carrier pins I 9 which are rotatably mounted to turn, at their upper ends, within bearing holes in a block 20 secured to the underside of an angle-shaped plate 2| (Figures 5 to 8) and to turn, by their shouldered lower ends, within bearing holes in a cross-head 22 attached to the lower end of a depending part 23 of said block 20. Fixed to the pins l9 are arms 24, 24, the outer ends of which embrace the tool shank 4 and which are connected by a spring 25 (Figure 8) that maintains them against said tool shank and tends to close the pocket parts l8 together so as to grip a rivet between them. The angleshaped plate 2| constitutes a pocket slide and is adapted to be raised and lowered, being vertically guided by two rods 26, 21, attached to the plate and slidable in passages 28, 29, in

the guide block 2. The rod 21 proiects above the block 2 and is acted upon by a spring 30 that tends to raise the pocket.

Upon the tool shank 4 is adjustably fixed a collar 3| having a conical lower end 32 which, as hereinafter described, co-operates with the arms 24 of the pocket device to cause the pocket parts 16 to separate to release the rivet when the tool descends (Figure 6) and to slightly open the said pocket parts to receive a fresh rivet from the chute lii when the pocket rises (Figures 5 and '7). The pocket l6, after receiving a rivet from the chute while in its raised position, is adapted to be lowered on to the work by the operation of a pedal. As it is lowered, the work, while resting on the anvil 6, is properly located so that the rivet H in the pocket will enter the aligned holes of the two component sheets to be riveted together. The pedal is connected through a yielding coupling device to a bellcrank lever 33 (Figure 4) mounted on a plate 34 attached to the guide block 2 at one side thereof and carrying a roller 35 bearing on the upper end of the pocket-slide rod 21, so as to be adapted to depress the latter against the action of the spring 33 that operates to raise the slide. Thus, the pedal (not shown) is connected by a cable 36 (Figure 3) to a vertically-moving slide 31 mounted in a vertical guide in a lever 38 normally held rigidly in a vertical position, but adapted, when the machine has been started, to be released or collapsed as hereinafter described. The slide 31 carries a V-shaped nose-piece 39 which engages over the curved upper end of another slide 40 mounted in vertical guides in the rear face of an upstanding lever 4| supported by its front face against a spring 42 bearing upon an adjustable screw abutment 43 carried by a bracket 44. The spring 42 is sufficiently strong to ensure the second slide 40 being drawn downwards by the first slide 31 for normal lowering of the pocket to take the rivet into the holes of the work but should the pressure exerted by the pedal exceed a predetermined value, as in the case where the rivet does not properly enter the holes due to faulty location of the work, the springsupported lever 4| will yield against the spring 42 and the first-named slide 31 will ride over the second slide 40 without operating it, so that the machine will not operate unless the work is properly located. The lever 38 is pivoted to a bracket 45 mounted on the guide block 2 at the opposite side to the plate 34 carrying the bellcrank lever 33, and the second slide 40 is connected by a cable 46 passing across the machine through a guide 41 (see Figure 2) to the bellcrank lever 33 that operates the pocket slide. This lever is arranged vertically parallel to the side of the machine and the cable 46 is connected to a vertical arm of the lever (Figure 4) to cause it to move forwardly and its horizontal arm to bear downwardly on the pocket-slide guide rod 21.

The pedal is also arranged to throw in the clutch to start the machine. For this purpose the vertical arm of the above-described bellcrank lever 33 is connected by a link 48 to another bell-crank lever 49 carrying a pawl 50 that operates the upper arm of a vertically-disposed two-armed lever 5| the lower arm of which is connected by a cable 52 to a clutch releasing device. This device (see Figure 9) conveniently comprises a main bolt 53 to which the cable 52 is attached and acted upon, through a lever 54, by a spring-loaded slide 55, the spring normally causing the bolt 53 to move into the path of an arm 56 on a rotatable key 51 lying in a groove of the driven shaft l4 and normally turned by a spring to engage a key-way in a driving member (not shown) in the known manner. In the normal position the arm 56 is engaged by the bolt 53 so that the key 51 is turned out of engagement with the keyway in the driving member, thus disengaging the clutch. When the bolt 53 is withdrawn by the cable 52 operated by the pedal, the arm 56 is released and the key 51 is engaged with the driving member to start the machine. The slide 55 may constitute a safety bolt, and it is arranged to control the delivery of rivets by the chute as hereinafter described.

The pawl 50 cannot be moved sufliciently far to cause the clutch to engage until the rivet has been inserted in the work. It wipes past the lever after engagement of the clutch, so that the said lever can return and the bolt 53 move into a clutch-releasing position ready for throwing the clutch out after one revolut on, thus stopping the machine after each work ng stroke.

When the clutch is being engaged, as above described, the pocket I 6 is first locked in its lowered position by a holding device prior to the pedal being rendered inoperative upon the pocket when the machine is started. This locking device comprises a horizontal slide 59 having a nose adapted to engage a recess 60 in the pocket-slide rod 21. This slide 59 i moved into engagement, while the clutch is being operated, by the lower arm of the two-armed lever 5|. This lower arm engages and moves forward a sliding rod 61 connected, through a spring or yielding coupling 62, to the locking slide 59 or, as shown, to a member 63 coupled thereto. When the locking slide 55 is engaged with the pocket-slide guide rod 21 it is held in locked position by a spring-operated pawl 84 that engages a notch or recess 65 in the slide. The pawl is adapted to be subsequently released, to allow the pocket to rise, by a suitable part of the mechanism, such as by a projection or plunger 66 on the central member H of the toggle mechanism, when the setting tool descends.

After the pocket slide has been looked as above described, the pedal i rendered inoperative upon said slide and the control of the pocket is taken over by a cam 61 (Figure 4) on the main shaft when the machine has been started. To render the pedal inoperative, the vertical lever 38 carrying the pedal-operated slide 31 (Figure 3) is pivoted at it lower end to the bracket 45 and is connected at the back, near its upper end, by means of a link 68 to the corner of a bell-crank lever 89 having a vertical arm pivoted at its lower end to the bracket 45 and having an upper horizontal arm in substantial alignment with the link 68 and carrying a roller 18 that normally engages a nose 1| on an abutment cam 12 mounted on the main shaft. So long as thi cam is stationary the nose forms a rigid abutment for holding the slide-carrying lever 38 in a vertical position, so that the operation of the slide 31 thereon will actuate th second slide 48 that is connected to the pocket-slide lever 33. When, however, the machine is started, the abutment cam 12 commences to rotate so that the abutment nose 1| leaves the roller on the bell-crank lever 68 and the slide-carrying lever 38 is no longer supported. Consequently the operation of the pedal merely causes the primary slide 31 to ride over the second slide 40, the vertical lever 38 swinging loosely rearwards. Thus, no motion can be transmitted from the pedal to the pocket slide.

Also, as above referred to, when the machine is 7 started, the control 01' th pocket-slide is taken over by a cam 61 on the main shaft. This control cam, which is separate from the pedal transmission abutment cam, co-operates (see Figure 4) with a roller 13 on a rearwardly-extending arm 14 rigidly secured to the vertical arm oI-the bellcrank lever 33 that operates the pocket-slide.

The cam 61 thus acts upon said pocket-slide to maintain the rivet within the work. At the same time the pocket or a part on the pocket slide may be pressed down on to the work to maintain the work components clamped together.

While the pocket is held down by the cam 61, the setting tool 5 descends on to the head of the rivet, causing the lower end to be headed over within a recess in the anvil 6.

After the setting of the rivet a low part oi the control cam 61 allows the pocket slide to be raised by the spring 30 to take the pocket into a position for receiving another rivet from the feed chute, the two parts of the pocket being opened, at the correct moment, by co-operation of the arms 24 with the conical part 32 on the setting tool, and when the pocket is again lowered the pocket is closed by the spring 25 to grip the rivet.

The rivet passing down the feed chute are delivered one at a time to the pocket, at the proper moment, by a spring-controlled regulator or separator slide 15 (Figure 9) working horizontally between a main upper chute l5 and a lower delivery chute 15" out of alignment with the main chute IS. The slide 15 has an aperture 18 that receives a rivet from the main chute i5, and when moved longitudinally it carries the rivet into a position over the lower delivery chute l5, so that it can drop down the same. The slide is operated when the setting tool 5 is at the bottom of its stroke, being controlled by a step part 11 on the abutment cam 12 (Figure 3). When the roller 10 drops over this step 11 the lever 69 falls (or is drawn by a spring) further over to the right so as to operate a lever 18 connected by a rod 19 to a lever (see Figure 9) that operates the slide 15 against the action of a spring 8| so as to take the aperture 16 over the lower chute 15.

In addition to the above-mentioned regulator slide 15, a second or blocking slide 82 is disposed across the lower delivery chute I 5 below said regulator slide. This blocking slide 82 is controlled and operated by a part connected to the clutch release mechanism being acted on by a spring 83 and connected to the slide 55 of said mechanism by a cable 84, the arrangement being such that when the bolt 53 returns to its clutchreleasing position an aperture 85 in the slide is moved, into register with the delivery chute 15 to allow a rivet to fall, but should the clutch fail to be disengaged by the bolt 53 at the end of a working stroke due to failure of the bolt to return to its release position, the slide 82 will not be operated and will lie across the chute to block the same and thus prevent the delivery of a rivet.

The general sequence of operations is as follows:

When the machine is stationary the ram 3 and tool 5 are in a raised position as in Figures 1 and 5, with the pocket 16 also fully lifted and loosely holding a r vet l1 previously received from the chute l5, the arms 24 being just enga ed with the cone 32 on the tool so that the pocket jaws are very slightly separated. The pedal is operated to cause the pocket IE to be lowered through the medium of cable 36, slides 31, 40, cable 46, lever 33 and pocket-slide guide rod 21. As the pocket starts to descend the arms 24 leave the cone 32 and the pocket jaws l6 close firmly on to the rivet held between them. The rivet is thus brought down to the work and is located within the aligned holes therein. The pocket is held in this lowered condition by the operation of locking slide 59 by lever and pawl 50, the said slide being held in engagement with the recess 60 of rod 21 by the catch pawl 64. The clutch has now also been engaged by lever 5| and cable 52 causing the withdrawal of the bolt 53 (Figure 9) of the clutch release device, and the machine is thus set in motion. The tool 5 commences to descend and the nose ll of cam 12 leaves the roller of lever 69, thus throwing the pedal out of action. The cam 61, however, now comes into operation and takes over the control of the lever 33, maintaining the pocket 16 pressed upon the work and more firmly forcing the rivet into the holes. During the change over from pedal to cam control the pocket is held down by the locking slide 59, but as the ram descends the central member ll of the toggle mechanism and its plunger or projection 66 trips the pawl 64 so that the slide 59 is only lightly engaged with rod 21 when the pawl 50 has wiped past the lever 5|. As the tool approaches the bottom of its stroke the cone 32 engages the pocket-operating arms 24 and separates the pocket jaws l6 to release their grip on the rivet, and as the tool descends further it engages and sets the rivet in the work (Figure 6). The tool then ascends and the pocket is also raised by spring 30 as permitted by the shape of the cam 61, until the arms 24 just engage the cone 32 when the ram is fully. raised (Figures 5 and 7). The nose H of cam 12 has now restored the lever 69 to its initial position ready for the next pedal operation of the pocket. When the ram is at the bottom of its stroke the slide of the chute is operated to transfer a rivet to the lower chute l5 through which it falls provided the bolt 53 has returned to its clutch-releasing position, but it cannot leave the end of the chute as it is prevented from so doing by the close proximity of the tool shank 4. When, however, the ram has risen sufiiciently for this shank to clear the chute the rivet will leave the chute as the pocket rises to its highest position and will fall between the jaws of said pocket as the latter are slightly opened by contact of the arms 24 with cone 32.

I claim:

1. A machine for driving or setting rivets and the like comprising a vertically-movable setting or driving tool, a clutch for starting the machine and causing the descent of the tool, a verticallymovable pocket for gripping and holding a rivet or the like, feed means for supplying rivets or the like one at a time to the pocket when the latter is raised, a pedal controlling the clutch for starting the machine, a slide carrying the pocket, transmission means between the pedal and the pocket-carrying slide, separable coupling members in the transmission, a lever on which one of the coupling members is mounted, a cam having an abutment for the lever to maintain the coupling members in coupling engagement before the machine is started but moving into an inoperative position when the clutch is engaged and the machine is started so as to render the pedal inoperative on the pocket slide, and a second cam which then comes into operation upon the pocket slide to maintain the pocket lowered and the rivet or the like in the work while the setting or driving tool descends.

2. A machine for driving or setting rivets and the like comprising a vertically-movable setting or driving tool, a clutch for starting the machine and causing the tool to descend, a pedal controlling the clutch to start the machine, a vertically-movable pocket slide, a pocket carried by the slide gripping and holding a rivet or the like, feed means for supplying rivets or the like one at a time to the pocket when same is raised, transmission means between the pedal and pocket slide causing the slide to descend when the pedal is operated, means for interrupting the transmission between the pedal and pocket slide when the machine is started, a control cam which then comes into operation upon the pocket slide to hold the pocket lowered while the tool descends on to the rivet or the like, 'a locking device that holds the pocket in the lowered position prior to the control cam coming into operation, means on a moving part of the machine for subsequently releasing said locking device, and means for raising the pocket slide.

3. A machine for driving or setting rivets and the like comprising a vertically-movable powerdriven tool, a vertically-movable pocket slide, a pocket for holding a rivet or the like carried by said slide and consisting of gripping members closed by spring action to grip a rivet or the like between them, feed means for supplying rivets or the like one at a time to the pocket when the latter is raised, a clutch for starting the machine, a pedal operative to cause the clutch to engage and the machine to start, transmission means between the pedal and pocket slide to cause the pocket to be lowered by operation of the pedal and the rivet or the like in the pocket to be located in holes in the work, and a yielding coupling in the transmission which separates should the rivet or the like not be properly located in the holes in the work.

4. A machine for driving or setting rivets and the like comprising a vertically-movable powerdriven tool, a vertically-movable pocket slide, a pocket for receiving and holding a rivet or the like carried by said slide, feed means for supplying rivets or the like one at a time to the pocket when the latter is raised, a clutch for starting the machine, a pedal operatively connected to cause the clutch to engage a transmission slide connected to the pedal and having an inclined projection, a lever on which the slide is guided, a cam having an abutment for the lever, a second transmission slide having an inclined surface engaged by the projection of the first-named slide, a lever on which the second slide is guided, a spring supporting said lever, an operating lever engaging the pocket slide for lowering it, a connection between the second transmission slide and the operating lever to cause the pocket to be lowered by operation of the pedal and the rivet therein to be located in the work, and a second cam that becomes operative upon the pocketoperating lever when the machine is started, the first-named cam moving into an inoperative position when the clutch is engaged so that the pedal is inoperative upon the pocket slide which is held lowered by the second cam while the tool descends and acts on the located rivet or the like.

5. A machine for driving or setting rivets and the like comprising a power-driven tool, a vertically-movable slide, a pocket for gripping a rivet or the like carried by said slide, a pedal operative to lower the pocket slide and locate for starting the machin the rivet or the like within the work, an upper controlled by the pedal feed chute, a lower feed chute leading to a pothe clutch release device to sition for supplying rivets or the like to the ing slide, the arrangement pocket when the latter is raised, a separator 5 clutch release device is n slide between the two chutes, means for operatcause the clutch to dlsen ing said separator slide to transfer a rivet or 111 t k a position in the like from the upper to the lower chute, a h t blocking slide crossing the lower chute, a clutch oearcn H00] e, a clutch release device d means operated by r actuating the blockbeing such that if the at in a condition to gage the blocking slide which it blocks the lower WILLIAM CARLYLE DENT.

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