US2321373A - Plaster base and wall construction - Google Patents

Description

June 8, 1943. H. H. EADES 2,321,373

PLASTER BASE AND WALL CONSTRUCTION I Filed July 27. '1940 3 sheets-sheet 1 mwi l3 VEN'roR ATTORNEY June 8, 1943. H. H. EADES 2,321,373

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H, H. EADES PLASTER BASE AND WALL CONSTRUCTION Filed July 27, 1940- 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR [far/g ff fades ATTORNEY Patented June 8, 1943 PLASTER BASE AND WALL CONSTRUCTION I Harry H. Eades, Pittsburgh, Pa., assignor to Reynolds Metals Company, Richmond, Va, a corporation of Delaware Application July 27, 1940, Serial No. 347,844

3 Claims.

This invention relates to a new and improved curtain wall construction and plaster base, particularly adapted for the speedy and economical erection of 2-inch curtain partitions in modern building constructions, and the purview of the invention includes such partitions formed'from a new plaster base material, factory cut to predetermined full length wall height, and having built-in air spaces and a unique and novel hanging means, and also a knock-down metal baseboard and anchorage assembly, all of which are designed to give a new form of partition wall assembly which eliminates, as herein below explained, certain undesirable features of 2-inch partion walls as constructed in the past,

Heretofore, in modern building constructions which have incorporated heavy framing members, formed usually from steel, and ceiling and flooring members formed sometimes of cementitious ceiling or flooring slabs, it has been usual and customary to provide 2-inch curtain wall partitions to separate the rooms of the building, it being obvious that such 2-inch curtain partitions, as opposed to 4-inch or 6-inch partition walls, reduced to a minimum, the amount of space utilized in the building by the partitions. The building trades generally have accepted 2- inch curtain partitions in such buildings as conventional, as afiording the requisite amount of sound deadening, and as affording a partition of sufficient strength and rigidity to withstand normal stresses and strains and vibratory disturbances. These prior Z-inch curtain partitions have normally been erected with costly steel channel bar supports giving un-needed structural strengths which are difficult and expensive to install and which have usually comprised A-inch steel channel members spaced approximately 13 inches apart and running vertically.

It has been customary to drill holes in the floors and ceilings and then to snap the ends of the steel channel members into place, and then to attach upon such steel channel members, any desired type of plaster base, usually expanded metal lath, which latter has been athotel construction, the i -inch partitions utilize approximately 9% of the total floor space, 5 -inch partitions occupy approximately 11%, whereas 2-inch .fiat partitions have been calculated as occupying approximately 4% and accordingly, it will be realized that the utilization of a 2-inch' partition, as opposed to a 5 /2-inch partition, permits an arrangement of rooms giving '7 more floor space, or translated into rooms, giving 7% more rooms with the manifest income advantages.

Accordingly, it is an object of my invention to provide a new and improved 2-inch curtain partition assembly, the plaster base of which can be factory cut to size for the partitcular installation, which is cheap and economical to install, and which includes what amounts to a %-inch round deadening and heat insulating air space within the center of the partition, and it is a further object to utilize such pre-cut plaster base with a unique hanging means and knock-down andreadily assemblable metal baseboard assembly.

It is a further object of my invention to provide a wall construction which will afford substantial structural savings in amounts of plaster used and which eliminates the conventional channel stud support means, and yet which is sufiiciently strong to provide the sufiicient requisite shock and crack resistance.

It is a further object of my invention to provide a pre-cut plaster base for such wall constructions, which pre-cut plaster base incorporates a hollow air space approximately of an inch in width, and further incorporates a lacework of light gage metal ribs, and welded Wires running cross-wise thereto, which lacework is so arranged to provide in itself, suiiicient partition structural strength and thus eliminates all necessity of the %-inch steel channel stud members now conventionally utilized,

Other objects and advantages will become apparent from the following detailed description of certain preferred embodiments of the invention, in which common numerals refer to common parts, and which are given merely and solely for illustrative purposes and therefore are not to be deemed limitative of the invention, the scope of the latter being defined in the appended claims. In the figures:

Fig.1 is a fragmentary side elevation, partly broken away, of the new and improved plaster base utilized in my new wall construction;

Fig. 2 for purposes of clarity, is an enlarged and fragmentary corner of the structure illustrated in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a section taken along the line 3--3 of Fig. 2, and additionally, for purposes of clarity, shows in fragmentary outline, a portion of a contiguous sheet of the plaster base in order to illustrate the method of marginal joining of the same;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary side elevation, greatly enlarged, of an alternate form of plaster base material wherein the steel ribs are formed with extended side flanges adapted to give the structure greater rigidity and strength;

Fig. 5 is a section taken along the line 55 of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a side elevation of the completed wall assembly, ready for the application of plaster coats;

Fig. 7 is a section taken on the line 'I? of Fig. 6, nd additionally shows the wall structure after the plaster coats have been applied;

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary horizontal section, partly broken away, of the lower portion of the wall assembly illustrated in Fig. 6;

Fig. 9 is a section taken on the line 9-9 of Fig. 8;

Fig. 10 is an enlarged fragmentary perspective with certain parts in exploded relationship, of the baseboard assembly showing corner members;

Fig. 11 is a fragmentary perspective with certain parts in exploded relationship of the ceiling runner or hanging means for the plaster backer, and also the knock-down metal baseboard and anchorage assembly; and

Fig. 12 is a fragmentary perspective illustrating an alternate form of clip means for centering and holding the plaster base.

In these figures, and referring particularly to Fig. 7 for purposes of clarity, a metal ceiling runner or hanging means I2 is provided to support a plaster base !4, the lower portion of which is connected to a knock-down pre-fabricated metal baseboard and anchorage assembly.

The ceiling runner or hanging means comprising a vertically disposed metal plate l3, formed, for example, of approximately gage sheet steel with a horizontally disposed nailing flange 20 as indicated. The runners I 2 will ordinarily be formed in about 10 ft. lengths and probably should approximate about 3% inches in width. The runners l2 can be cut onthe job by a hacksaw, and will be attached to the ceiling by appropriate nails 22 (Fig. 7). The plate 18 will have staggered rows of rectangular openings 23 which will permit plastering therethrough and which also affords a convenient and adjustable means to retain the sheets of plaster base l4 by tieing, for example, by metal wires.

A plaster base [4 will normally be factory cut in pre-determined sheet lengths so as to run from the ceilings to the floors on any particular piece of building structure. If the walls are 10 ft. high, approximately 10 ft. lengths of plaster base M will be provided in convenient widths, for example, inches wide.

The plaster base l4 includes identically opposed sheets of Ecod fabric 24- and 26 united by vertical adhesive stripes 28 and comprising undulating or wavy sheet paper backing material 30, vertically disposed steel ribs of V-shape 32, which latter may be provided with flanges 34 as indicated in Figs. 4 and 5 to give added strength and rigidity. The steel ribs may be arranged in alternate valleys of the wave paper backing on 4-inch centers and may be formed of 28 gage copper bearing steel, thus affording good strength and rigidity. Transverse to the vertically arranged steel ribs 32, and passing the crest of the waves, are arranged copper bearing 16 gage steel wires 36 which are welded to the legs of the V-shaped ribs 32. As indicated in Fig. 3 and as particularlywell shown in Fig. 5, the apexes of the V-shaped steel ribs are in opposed relation and closely adjacent in the assembled plaster base I4, thereby affording approximately an H beam construction, identified as 38, givingthe plaster base l4 extremely good strength and. rigidity for the amount of metal content therein. The V-shaped ribs 32 may be, for example, approximately of an inch deep and of an inch wide.

It will be recognized that the Ecod" fabric described above, and variations thereof, are described and claimed in Coddington United States Patent Numbers 1,750,877; 2,071,454; 2,085,004; 2,085,635; 2,096,536, but in the said patents the V-shaped ribs are always shown as running horizontally thereof,

For example, the paper backing material 30 may comprise a 30. lb. kraft paper united in cross-wise grain to a 60 lb. kraft by means of a heavy coating of asphalt or other suitable adhesive.

Also, in the plaster base l4 the identically opposed sheets of Ecod 24 and 26 may be united by-mastic-adhesive along stripes 28, or other suitable adhesive. The sheets 24 and 26, as best illustrated in Figs. 1 and 3, will normally be provided with opposed projecting or offset margins 40 to provide smooth overlapping joints 42, and adjacent and contiguous sheets will be firmly held in assembled position by inverted U clips 44 (see Fig. 6), which inverted U clips will have their legs slipped under ny pre-selected wires 36 of adjacent sheets of Ecod fabric, making for ease and speed, in hanging and assembling and uniting adjacent sheets into a firm, continuous,

and united plaster base.

The distance from the high to the low point of the undulations of Ecod may be approximately of aninch and the two paper backings of the two sheets of Ecod in plaster base I4 will normally lie, at their closest point, about of an inch apart (except in alternate depressions where the steel ribs 32 are positioned and Where the two papers are united by adhesive stripes 28) thus affording a series of air cells 45 in plaster base I4. A main purpose of this invention isto provide a plaster base in curtain wall construction which is strong, rigid and stable, and which eliminates the necessity for auxilliary steel channel studs or stiffening members.

The pre-fabricated metal baseboard and an! chorage assembly I6 (see particularly Figs. 7 and 10 for clarity), comprises identical and opposed side members 46 and 48 formed preferably of 20 gauge sheet steel and each provided with inwardly and downwardly turned top flanges 50 and inwardly and upwardly turned bottom flanges. 52, the latter having a downwardly extending leg plate portion 54, the end of which is in the same plane as the bottom of the side members 46 and 48, thus permitting the side members 46 and 48 to be stood on their sides. In other words, leg plate portion 54 operates as an ease] and also stiffens the assembly.

The top flanges 50 and the bottom flanges. 52

form a sliding trackway for sliding and retaining connective bridge members 55 which latter each. comprise two leg members 58 and a connecting strap 66. The lengths of leg members 58 are determined by the width of side members 46 and 48 so that the legs 58 will slide in the trackway described above and afforded by flanges 5B and 52.

The sliding connective and spacing bridge members 56 may be inserted through appropriate slots or openings 62 provided in top flanges 56. If desired, appropriate sliding clip members 64 (indicated in Fig. 12) may be employed with members 56 for centering and holding the lower portion of plaster base material It and the clip member 64 will normally be formed of the bottom portion 68, to slide laterally in the flanged trackway, and a resilient spring leg portion 68. An alternate form of sliding clip indicated as TB and illustrated in Figs. '7 and 11, may be utilized, which combines the bridge member 56 and clip members 64 integrally, thus providing a connective bridge and spacing member 12 and opposed and contacting spring leg members 14, or a combinaticn of all of these forms may be utilized if desired.

Ordinarily, the side members 65 and 48 will be manufactured in approximately 10 ft. lengths, but may be cut by a hacksaw on the construction job.

Preferably, a series of anchorage brackets 18 provided with a raised over-riding flange l8 (the latter over-riding bridges 6 or 72) will be nailed through holes 19 by nails 80 to floor 82. (See Figs. 9 and 11.) It is obvious from this description that the series of anchorage brackets 16 will be laid in a straight line-on the floor where it is desired to place the two inch partition, and that plate member l8 will be placed thereabove and nailed to the ceiling 25. Thereafter, the

prefabricated metal baseboard and anchorage assembly I 6 will be assembled with their parts in pre-determined relation and centered by anchorage brackets or clips 16. The plastic base clip members 64 or 10 will be arranged at convenient distances one to another, to accommodate and to clip and to position and center the sheets of plaster base M, which latter will be wired to ceiling runs l2 by wire loops 84.

When this is accomplished, the usual plaster r layers 85, 88, and SE! will be applied to each side of the plaster base I4, and will fill in the interior portions of the baseboard assembly as indicated. These plaster coats will be conventional, namely, normally a scratch coat, a brown coat, and a finish coat.

Pre-fabricated corner assemblies, indicated as 92 and 94 will be joined to the main steel baseboard assembly by sliding connector units 95 as indicated in Fig. 10, which connector units will fit into the trackway of flanged side memelement of the invention is to form the supporting structure for the curtain Wall partition of a steel lacework which also serves as plaster gripping means used in conjunction with two sheets of paper backer so as to provide an air space and so as to make the curtain partition lighter in weight, and since it has'air cells, to give the curtain partition important sound deadening and heat insulating qualities in contrast to solid curtain wall partitions in normal use heretofore.

Accordingly, it will be recognized that an important characteristic of my invention is the provision of two sheets of material held in spaced relation to provide air cells, which two sheets of material are provided with external plaster anchorage means, which means gives strength and rigidity and which form the support means for the curtain wall partition.

It is within the purview of my invention to line or coat the air cells in base [4 with metal foil for heat insulating purposes.

It will be recognized that according to my invention, I provide a two inch curtain wall construction, having air cells centrally disposed therein, which may be cheaply and economically erected Without steel channel studs and which possesses good strength and rigidity. The assembling and erection operations are simple and easy and can be speedily accomplished, and the plastering operations also are simple. Although the invention has been described as particularly appropriate for two inch curtain partition walls, it will be recognized that the invention, in whole or in part, and the inventive concepts involved therein, may be applied to other types of partition wall or building constructions, or to other types of plaster bases, and therefore reference should be made to the appended claims to determine the scope of my invention.

I claim:

1. A prefabricated curtain partition wall construction comprising two opposed relatively thin wavy sheets, each sheet carrying a plurality of spaced metallic wire members substantially parallel and penetrating waves of the sheet in such manner that the waves extend at opposite areas of the spaced metallic wire members, a plurality of spaced generally V-shaped metallic ribs scoured to the wire members of each sheet, the ribs of each sheet facing the same way and certain of the waves of the sheet lying in abutment with the apexes of the ribs, the two sheets being so associated that the apexes of the ribs of one sheet are in register with the apexes of the ribs of the second sheet with wave areas of the sheets between said ribs, the wire members and areas of the sheets thus being held spaced to provide air chambers, and means securing the two sheets to each other.

2. A curtain partition wall construction in accordance with claim 1, in which the two sheets are bonded together along parallel lines by an adhesive medium in line with each pair of opposed ribs carried by the two sheets.

3. A curtain partition wall construction in accordance with claim 1, in combinajtion with means carried by one end of the structure and adapted to hold the same perpendicular to a supporting wall surface independently of studding, whereby the entire opposed surfaces of the structure may be plaster-coated and concealed.

HARRY H. EADES.

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