US2318490A - Lock device - Google Patents

Description

May 4, 1943. E. N. JAQOB 2,318,490

LOCK DEVICE Filed Sept. 5, 1941 2 Sheets-Sheet l MIIHIIIIHIJ /24 H "llllllmlw".

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Patented May 4, 1943 UNITED STATES l PATENT mais@ OFFICE LOCK DEVICE Application september 5, 1941, serial No.' 409,611 3 claims. (ci. nfl-si) This invention relates to locks and refers Darticularly to door latch locks of the type shown in Patent No. 2,208,003, issued to E. N. Jacobi, July 16, 1940.

`Lock devices of this character have a toggle type latch bolt biased to its operative keeper engaging position and adapted to snap in back of a keeper or striker when the door on which the lock device is mounted is slammed shut. This sping biased toggle bolt is retractable by inward depression of a lock cylinder which, however, must be in its unlocked position of rotation With the cylinder secured in its locked position of rotation fromwhich it can be turned only through use of the proper key, the toggle bolt theoretically could not be retracted. However, in practice it was found that vibration sometimes shook the bolt down to its retracted position and allowed the door to open, and sometimes in closing the spring biasing the bolt to its operative keeper engaging position would vnot overcome the friction retarding movement of the bolt to this position, and as a consequence, the

bolt would not be moved to its fully operative keeper engaging position.

To overcome these disadvantages, the present invention has as one of its objects the provision of means for positively preventing retraction of the bolt when the cylinder is in its 'locked position of rotation.

Another object of this invention is to provide cooperating means on the toggle bolt and the cylinder whereby rotation of the cylinder to its locked position positively moves the toggle bolt to its operative keeper engaging position inthe event its spring has not already done so', and thereafter secures the bolt against retraction.

With the free bolt type of lock construction heretofore in use, it was possible to turn the `lock .cylinder to its locked position while the compartment door was open, unthinkingly remove the key, and throw it into the compartment, and then slam the door. This is especially bad when the same key is also the car key, and it is, therefore, a further object of this invention'to so interlock the bolt and cylinder that this objectionable situation could not arise.

In other words, the cooperating means on the bolt and cylinder by which retraction of the bolt is positively prevented when thejcylinder is in its locked position of rotation precludes slamming the door shut with the cylinder turned to its locked position.

In lock devices of the type here under con- Y sideration, as well as in other tumbler locks, it

is -desirable that the cylinder be removable. Various devices have been employed in the past for removably securing the cylinder in its casing, but in general they all embody a spring pressed detent carried either by the cylinder or the casing and extending across the juncture therebetween to kengage with an abutment or shoulder from which the detent-must be freed to permit'withdrawal of the cylinder.

It is also the practice in tumbler locks of the character described to retain thev individual tumbler springs either by individual retainers or more suitably by means of a single retainer xed to the cylinder with portions thereof disposed over the tumbler springs. I

With a view toward minimizing the number of parts, the present invention vhas as another of its objects the provision of a novel manner of combining thefunctions of retaining the tumbler springs and removably holding the cylinder in its casing. y

To this end, it is an object of this invention to provide a novel combined tumbler spring retainer and cylinder retaining member so designed and assembled with thecylinder that the reaction ofthe tumbler springs holds this combined .retainer inran operative position projecting a lug or lip thereon beyond the wall of the cylinder for engagement with a retaining shoulder in the bore in the casing.- F More speciiically, it is `an object of this invenvtion to provide a combined tumblerspring retainer andV cylinder retaining member which consists of a stamping set into a recess inthe cylinder wall in such a manner .that it may be considered to be oatingly disposed and biased to Vthe casing which is formed as a die castingand incorporates as anintegral part thereof appro'- tective boss projecting forwardly to partially eriib'race the protruding end of the cylinder and thereby prevent? access to the combined tumbler spring and cylinder retainer in the locked position of the cylinder.

Withr the above' and other objects in view,

vwhich will appear as the description proceeds,

this invention resides inthe novel construction, combination and arrangement of parts substantially as hereinafter described and more particularly dened by the appended claims, it beingunderstood that such changes in the precise embodiment of the hereindisclovsed.invention may be made as come within the scope of the claims.

The accompanying drawings illustrate one complete example of the physical embodimentof the invention constructed according to the best mode so far devised for the practical application of the principles thereof, and in which:-

t Figure l is a longitudinal sectional View through a lock device constructed in accordance with this invention;

Figure 2 is across sectional view taken through Figure l on the plane of the line 2 2;

Figure 3 is a perspective view of the lock casing per se;

Figure 4 is a perspective view of the combined casing cap and bolt retainer; Y

Figure 5 is a perspective View of the cylinder;

Figure 6 is a perspective view of the combined tumbler spring and cylinder retainer; and

Figure 1 is a perspectiveview of one of the tumblers.

Referring now particularly to the accompany- 'ing drawings, in which like numerals indicate f like-parts, the numeral 5 designates the door of a glove compartment, onlythe upper wall 6 ofA which is shown.

Extending down from the upper wall 6' directly `adjacenttothe door frame isi afstriker plate or keeper 1 behind which a toggle-like latch bolt '-8 carried-by the'lock device indicated generally lby the numerals engages tosecure the compartment door 5 closed. The'. lock device 9 is mounted on the door so that when the door is closed, the :latch bolt-'automatically engages behind the striker plate or keeper.

`The lock device'comprises a casing I0 prefer- '.ably formed wvasA al die casting andhaving a bore II to slidablyandA rotatably receiveV a lock cylinder I2. A longitudinal slot I3 through the top -wall of' thecasing accommodates the latch bolt 8. The sides of this lslot I3 are longitudinally 'groovedas at I4 to receive trunnions l5 formed 2 as integral parts ofthe toggle-like latchbolt. These trunnions are held against the inner ends of the grooves-I4 b'yspaced arms I6 projecting Arearwardly from r`and constituting an integral 'part of a latch boltretainer I1.

This latch retainer, like the casing, is prefer- "ably a die casting and has an annular part I8 'fromgwhich'thearms I6 project. The annular part fits over the frontend of the casing where it is clinched in place.

defines the mouth of the bore in which the cylinder is lreceived with its front end protruding therefrom to project from the front face cf the 'door panel as a pushbutton.

The cylinder 4is also lpreferably die cast and has anopen transverse tumbler cavity IS communicating with alongitudinalkeyway 20. The ,side walls of the cavity havecpposite grooves 2| `extending across their'full width to provide. tum- `bler` guideways in which the side edges of tumblersLZZfare slidablyrreceive'd. l 4Atloneedge of the cavity the cylinder is forme with bridges-23 which extend across the cavity Abetween the tumbler guiding Ygrooves 2I. These bridges, together with a similarly located ledge (not shown) 4on-the inner or rear end of the cavity provide lands in position to collide with spring rests-24 on the-tumblers to limit the stroke of-the tumblers under action `of their springs 25.

The individual turnblers,V as best shown in Figure '1, are stamped from'flat band stock and have their medial portions. recessed or cut out at one edge to provide a. keyA opening 2B. The spring rests `24 `are projections formed on the inner edges of -theintermediate portions of the tumblers bent-back onto the intermediate portions -as clearly shownY so as to dispose the actual spring seats in line' with `'the intermediate portions. The spring-seatsare pointedto enter the ends of the The latch retainer thus coil springs and prevent displacement of the springs.

Heretofore, the tumbler springs were held in place either by individual retainers or a common retainer secured in the cylinder, but in all instances in the past, the tumbler spring retainers lwere fixed and generally were staked into the cylinder.

With the present invention, an entirely new form of tumbler spring retainer is employed, and as a result the functions of retaining the individual tumbler springs and also removably securing the cylinder in the casing bore are performed by one unit. For this purpose, a novel combination tumbler spring and cylinder retainer indicated generally by the numeral 21 is provided.

As best shown in Figure, this retainer 21 consists of a sheet metal stamping having an elongated bar or strip 23 of a length greater than that of the tumbler cavity and having a plurality Vof spring seats 29 formed thereon. These spring seats may be roughly defined as teeth bent laterally from one edge of the bar 28 and to guard against displacement of the ends of the springs from these seats, their extremities are bent inwardly as at 3.

To accommodate the retainer 21, the cylinder has an open slot 3l extending along one side of the tumbler cavity and continuing past the front end thereof. This slot receives the at bar or strip 28 with the front end portion thereof located forwardly of the tumbler cavity.

At its rear end, the strip 28 has a projection 32 which enters a hole 33 in the inner end portion Vof the cylinder which closes the rear or inner end of the tumbler cavity. In this' position the retainer 21 has its spring seats 29 disposed over the individual tumbler springs and as will be readily apparent, is free to swing on the fulcrum provided by the engagement of the projection 32 in the hole 33.

The retainer is thus substantially fioatingly mounted and is free to move toward and from the surface of the cylinder in a direction substantially along the line of thrust of the tumbler springs and as will be obviousthe reaction of the tumbler springs tends to swing the retainer outwardly of the cylinder.

This outward motion of the retainer is limited by the engagement of its front end 34 with the inner face of a cylindrical cap 35 pressed onto the front end of the'cylinder.

At its front end portion which lies forwardly vof the tumbler cavity, the retainer has a transverse arm 35 extending laterally in the same direction as spring seats 23, and at its extremity the transverse arm is bent down -to form a `flat .portion y31 parallel with the bar and provided with an extension 3B which lies directly opposite and to guard against binding, the edges of the end portion 34 and the extension 38 which engage r the cap lie in a plane normal to the plane of the bar or strip 28, and the location of the retainer is such that these edges engage the cap at points kequidistant from a median longitudinal plane passing through the axis of the cylinder and parallel with the plane of the bar or strip 28.

On the rear edge of the transverse arm 35 is lan outwardly bent lip 39. This lip, in the free position of the retainer, projects beyond the surface of the cylinder to be engageable behind a shoulder 40 on the latch retainer I1 to thereby removably hold the cylinder in the casing bore.

In assembling the cylinder with the casing the lip .Bil on the spring pressed retainer is cammed in over the edge of the shoulder 4i) by a cam surface 4i formed at the junction of the face of the annular part I8 with the cylindrical surface 62 of a boss 133 protruding from the front of the latch retainer Il. The cylindrical surface 42 is concentric with the bore and is somewhat larger in diameter than the bore which allows for the annular chamfer which forms the cam surface 4l.

As clearly shown in Figure 4, the boss extends around only a portion of the mouth of the bore and is in position to cover the exposed arm 36 of the retainer 21 in the locked position of rotation of the cylinder. Hence, the retainer 2 cannot be depressed to disengage its lip 39 from the shoulder Llil until the cylinder is turned to its unlocked position whereupon the exposed arm 35 is clear of the boss 43.

Moreover, even though through deft manipulation it would be possible to depress the free end of the retainer 21 to disengage its lip 39 from the shoulder, removal of the cylinder could not be effected in the locked position of rotation as the projecting ends of its tumblers would collide with the back of the annular part of the latch retainer I7.

Rotation of the cylinder is limited to 90 by the complementary shape of the inner end of the cylinder and the bottom of the casing bore.

Also by virtue of the relative shape of the inner end of the cylinder and the bottom of the bore, the cylinder cannot be depressed in the fashion of a push button in its locked position of rotation. It must be turned to its unlocked position and when so turned the cylinder may be depressed to rock the toggle bolt on its trunnions and retract the same from engagement with the keeper or striker plate 1.

As in the patent hereinbefore mentioned, the bolt is biased to its operative keeper engaging position by a spring 44. This spring presses the inner arm 55 of the bolt against the end of the cylinder and thus pushes the cylinder forwardly to hold the lip 39 firmly against the shoulder 40.

Attention is directed to the fact that the lo cation of the fulcrum about which the retainer 27 swings lies inwardly, that is, closer to the axis of the cylinder than the lip 39. Pressure on the lip 39 resulting from its engagement with the shoulder 43 thus tends to rock the retainer toward operative position rather than camming it inwardly out of engagement with the shoulder, and it is also to be observed that the transverse arm 35 which carries the lip 39 is b-raced by its engagement with recess in Which it fits.

With the cylinder in its locked position of rotation, retraction of the bolt is positively prevented by a foot 46 formed on the bolt and engaging the side of the cylinder.

In its unlocked position, a recess 4T in the side of the cylinder aligns with the foot 45 to accommodate it and permit retraction of the bolt by inward depression of the cylinder in the normal manner.

If perchance the bolt spring 44 does not project the bolt to its operative position, turning of the cylinder to its locked position of rotation positively cams the bolt outwardly as the end 48 of the recess 41 rides under the foot 4S.

From the foregoing description taken in conthe walls of the cylinder n nection with the accompanying drawings, it will be readily apparent that this invention provides a lock device especially adapted for use on glove compartment doors which has substantial advantages over similar devices heretofore in use in that it positively secures the toggle bolt against retraction when, the cylinder in its locked position of rotation and simplifies the design of the lock mechanism by combining the tumbler spring retainer and the cylinder retainer.

What I claim as my invention is:

l. In a lock device of the character described: a casing having a bore open at its front end; and a lateral opening through the wall of the bore; a spring pressed toggle bolt pivoted in the casing with a part thereof inside the bore and a part thereof projectible through said lateral opening; a lock cylinder having limited axial and rotary motion in said bore and engageable upon inward depression to retract t; e projecting part of the bolt; a foot on the bolt positioned to collide with the side of the cylinder and positively prevent retraction of the bolt while the cylinder is in its locked position of rotation, said cylinder having a recess adapted to be aligned With said foot when the cylinder is turned to its unlocked position of rotation to accommodate the foot and free the bolt for retraction; and a cam surface at one side of the recess engageable with said foot as the cylinder is turned from unlocked to locked position to cam the bolt to its projected position in the event its biasing spring fails to do so.

2. In a latch for glove compartment doors and the like wherein a latch operating member is exposed at the front of the door through an opening in said door: a casing having its front end secured to the rear face of the door behind said door opening and having a bore opening to said front end to receive the latch operating member; a lock bolt having trunnions received in the bottoms of open-sided bearing sockets formed in the casing; a latch retainer engageable over the front end of the casing and conned between the rear face of the door and the casing; unitary means on the latch retainer projecting therefrom to overlie the lock bolt trunnions at the open sides of the bearing sockets for maintaining said trunnions at the bottom of their respective bearing sockets; and a, pilot boss on the latch retainer entering the door opening from the rear of the door to lie between an edge portion of the door opening and the side of the latch operating member.

3. In a latch for glove compartment doors and the like wherein a latch operating member is exposed at the front of the door through an opening therein: a casing having its front end secured to the rear face of the door behind said opening and having a bore opening to said front end to receive the latch operating member; a. lock bolt actuated by said latch operating member having trunnions received in the bottoms of open-sided bearing sockets formed in the casing; a latch retainer secured over the front end of the casing and having arms projecting therefrom to overlie the trunnions at the open sides of their bearing sockets for maintaining the same pivotally seated therein; and a pilot boss on the latch retainer entering the door opening from the rear of the door to lie between an edge portion of the door opening and the side of the latch operating member.

EDWARD N. JACOBI.

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