US2317167A - Internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Description

April 20, 1943. B, M' BAER 2,317,167

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Patented Apr. 20, 1943 UNITED STATES PATENT `OFFICE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Bernard M. Baer, Grand Rapids, Mich.

Application February 23, 1942, Serial No. 431,983

3 Claims.

The present invention relates to an internal combustion engine and more particularly to an engine of the four cycle type whose several cylinders are each provided with a novel form of piston.

The primary objects of the instant invention are to provide an internal combustion engine of the general character above indicated whose several cylinders are each provided with a double headed piston and each cylinder is provided with a valved intake and exhaust port adjacent its opposite ends; to provide such an engine wherein the reciprocal movement of the piston in either direction within its cylinder alternately performs two of the four functions of a four cycle type engine with respect to one chamber ofV the cylinder and alternately performs the other two functions thereof with respect to the other chamber of its cylinder; to provide suchr an engine wherein a chamber on one side of each of its several cylinders is provided with a piston rod bearing to prevent rocking of the several piston heads within their respective cylinders; and, to provide such an engine which is eflicient in operation and economical in construction and light in weight.

An illustrative embodiment of the invention is shown in the accompanying drawing, wherein:

Figure 1 is a vertical central transverse sectional view of one cylinder of the internal combustion engine showing a charge of fuel being drawn into its lower chamber and a charge of fuel being exhausted from its upper chamber;

Figure 2 is a sectional view thereof on line 2-2 of Figure 1; and

Figure 3 is a diagrammatic firing cycle chart of a two cylinder engine of the character herein illustrated and described.

Referring then to the drawing wherein like parts of the engine shown are each designated by the same numerals in the several views, each cylinder of a two cylinder motor has an upper chamber I and a lower chamber II deiined by a reciprocating piston I2 having a piston rod I3 reciprocable within its bearing I4.

The upper chamber I0 is provided with a fuel intake port I5 controlled by the spring operated valve I6 actuated by the cam I1 and the upper chamber I0 is likewise provided with an exhaust port I8 controlled by the spring operated valve I9 actuated by the cam 20.

The lower chamber II is provided with a similar intake port 2I controlled by the spring operated valve 22 actuated by the cam 23 and the lower chamber is further provided with an exhaust port 24 controlled by the spring operated valve 25 actuated by the cam 26.

A spark plug 2l is provided for firing charges of compressed fuel in the upper chamber I0 and a similar plug 28 is provided for firing compressed fuel charges in the lower chamber I I.

The lower end of the piston rod I3 is provided with a bearing 29 and a connecting rod 30 rotatable therein is rotatably secured at its other end to the crank 3I within the crank case housing 32.

Each cylinder is provided with an oil port 33 for lubricating the inner wall thereof and an upstanding annular iiange 34, 35 circumscribes the head of each lower intake and exhaust valve 22, 25 respectively to prevent fouling of the valves by oil Within the lower chamber II of the cylinder.

Referring to Figure l and to the position of the lower intake valve 22 and the upper exhaust valve I9, a charge of fuel is being drawn into the lower chamber II as the products of combustion are being exhausted from the upper chamber I0, al1 as indicated in cycle 1 of cylinder I in theY diagrammatic firing cycle chart, Figure 3.

During cycle 1 of cylinder I, a charge of fuel in the upper chamber of cylinder 2 is being fired while a charge of fuel in the lower chamber of cylinder 2 is being compressed, all again as indicated in the diagrammatic firing chart, Figure 3.

In cycle 2, a charge of fuel is being drawn into the upper chamber of cylinder I while a charge of fuel is being compressed in its lower chamber and a charge of fuel in the lower chamber or cylinder 2 is being fired as the products of combustion are being exhausted from itsV upper cylinder.

In cycle 3 a charge of fuel in the lower cham ber of cylinder I is being fired while a charge of fuel in its upper chamber is being compressed and a charge of fuel is being drawn into the upper chamber of cylinder 2 while the products of `combustion within its lower chamber are being exhausted.

In cycle 4, a charge of fuel in the upper chamber of cylinder I is being fired as the products of combustion in its lower chamber are being exhausted and a charge of fuel is being drawn into the lower chamber of cylinder 2 as a charge of fuel in its upper chamber is being compressed.

It will thus be seen that the several balanced cylinders of the internal combustion engine herein shown and described are each provided with a novel type piston and that such an engine is efficient in operation and economical in construction.

While but one specic embodiment of the inventlon has been herein shown and described, it will be understood that certain details of the construction shown may be altered or omitted without departing from the spirit of the invention as the same is dened by the following claims.

I claim:

1. An internal combustion engine having a pair of oppositely disposed cylinders the opposite ends thereof each being provided with an intake and an exhaust valve, a piston having a piston rod alternately oppositely reciprocable within each cylinder and each piston defining a chamber within its cylinder on its opposite sides, the chambers of both cylinders at their like ends each having a piston rod bearing embracing its reciprocable piston rod, and a spar-k plug for each deiined chamber of each cylinder for ring charges of fuel compressed in cycles within each chamber, cycle means for admitting a charge of luel into one chamber of one cylinder as the products of combustion are exhausted from the other chamber thereof and at the same time ring a charge of fuel in a chamber of the other cylinder as a charge is compressed in the other cylinder, thereafter repeating the remaining three cycles as to both chambers of each cylinder.

2. An internal combustion engine having' a cylinder, the upper and lower ends thereof each being provided with spaced apart intake and exhaust valves, a piston having a piston rodv reciprocable within the cylinder and dening a chamber on the opposite sides of the piston, the said lower end of the cylinder having a piston rod bearing intermediate the said intake and exhaust valves and embracing the-said reciprocable piston rod, a spark plug for each defined chamber of the cylinder for firing charges of fuel periodically compressed within each chamber, means for introducing a lubricant into the cylinder for lubricating the interior Walls thereof, and an individual upstanding ilange surrounding each intake and exhaust valve in the lower end of the cylinder and acting as a means to prevent the said lubricant from fouling the intake and exhaust valves.

3. An internal combustion engine having a cylinder, the upper and lower ends thereof each being provided with spaced apart intake and exhaust valves, a piston having a piston rod reciprocable within the cylinder and defining a chamber on the opposite sides of the piston, the said lower end of the cylinder having a piston rod bearing intermediate the said intake and exhaust valves and embracing the said reciprocable piston rod, a spark plug for each defined chamber of the cylinder for ring charges of fuel periodically compressed Within each chamber, cycle means for admitting a charge of fuel into one chamber of the cylinder as the products of combustion are exhausted from the other chamber thereof, thereafter admitting a charge to thesecond chamber as the charge in the rst chamber is compressed, thereafter ring a compressed charge in the rst chamber as the charge in the secondV chamber is compressed, and

` thereafter firing the compressed charge in the second chamber as the products of combustion in the first chamber are exhausted, means for introducing a lubricant into the cylinder for lubricating the interior walls thereof, and an individual upstanding flange surrounding each intake and exhaust valve in the lower endY of the cylinder and acting as a means to prevent the said lubricant from fouling the intake and exhaust valves.

BERNARD M. BAER.

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