US2306678A - Coke-oven structure - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 29, 1942. .J. VAN ACKEREN COKE-OVEN STRUCTURE Filed NOV. 17, 1939 5 Sheets-Sheet l 'INVENTOR. JOSEPH m/v IQCKRIY M ATTORNEY.

Dec. 29, 1942. J. VAN ACKEREN 2306678 COKE-OVEN STRUCTURE Filed NOV. 17,, 1939 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 2s x ii f" v 7 INVENTOR. dosefiw [my flcxmasm A TTORNAL.

INVENTOR.

5' Sheets-Sheet 4 A r V .1. VAN ACKERE'N COKE-OVEN STRUCTURE Filed Nov. 17', 1939 Ill Irr/ Dec. 29, 1942.

I'QECTION CiC SECTION 0'0 S CTION 55' Dec. 29, 1942; J. VAN ACKEREN COKE-OVEN STRUCTURE Filed Nov. 17, 1939 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTORQ ,4; ATTORNEY.

- Patented Dec. 29, 1942 ATES T OFFICE Koppers Company, ware corporation of De Application November 17, 1939, Serial No. 304,883

18 Claims.

The present invention relates to regenerative A coke ovens and contemplates such improvements in method and means for their underfiring that those relatively-uniform thermal conditions obtainablea'long the extended heating walls thereof during their heating by means of the leaner blast-furnace or producer gases, are also simply and effectively realizable when their sources of underfiring-heat are those gases of relativelyhigh calorific values such, for example, as are produced during-the, carbonization of coal in said ovens. A primary object of thepresent invention is t provide for coke'ovens of the stated class method and means'whereby within the coking structure 'itself the combustive characteristics of rich fuel gases introduced thereinto can be automatically so altered that their heating effects become substantially similar'to those obtainable in those instances when underfiring is effected with wellknown lean gases. I

Another object of the invention is the provision of novel means whereby the combustion of rich fuel gasesin the heating fiues of a cokeoven battery can be effectively retarded in a one-stage combustion system and without interfering with the normal regenerative-heating program, for the battery or with the normal reversal of gaseous fiow through its heating flues. A further object of improvement is to provide improved means whereby a rich fuel gas can be diluted with its own combustion-products inside of the battery-structure itself and at such location therein that no significant increase in the magnitude of the fuel-gas distributive system is required for their accommodation, and only the so-diluted mixture is admitted into the heating flues, thereby permitting the columns of the diluted fuel gas and air to rise through said heating fiues undisturbed in their. normal parallel fiow.

A further object of invention is to provide simple and effective means permitting underfiring gases of high calorific value to be continuously and automatically admixed, by'means inclusively in juncture with the oven structure, with sufiicient of their own combustion-products derived directly from the heating flues that the resultant mixture of lowered calorific value upon entering the fiame-fiues will burn with the nonluminous flame and with that more gradual evolution of heat normally associated with the leaner fuel gases, thereby promoting uniformity of temperature conditions along the heating flues and the walls they comprise.

other operative advantages or results as may be found to obtain in the processes or apparatus hereinafter described or claimed.

Briefly stated, the instant improvement comprises providing within the masonry of a cokeoven battery special duct means for communicably connecting the upper parts of flame-fiues with conduits that are themselves disposed communicably to connect the lower parts of said fiame-flues with the rich-gas distributive system, and also in providing means whereby, the pressure of gas in said rich-gas distributive system can be utilized in the form of a jet having 'suflicient energy to induce hot combustion-products of the heating fiues to flow. downwardly through the ducts of the invention and into admixture with' rich fuel gas jetted from said means, thereby to produce a resultant mixture I having a calorific value lowered from that of the rich gas and exhibiting slower burning characteristics when it is subsequently admitted into the lower parts of the heating flues.

In the accompanying drawings forming a part method in which the invention may be embodied and practised but without limiting the claimed invention specifically to such illustrative instance or instances:-

- Fig. 1 is a vertical elevational section taken crosswise of a battery of underjet coke ovens embodying the present improvement, said section being taken in part through a heating wall and 35 input through the adjacent coking chamber;

Fig. 2 is a composite section taken longitudinally of the battery shown in Fig. l; the sections A-A and BB being taken respectively along the lines A-A and B--B of that figure;

Fig. 2-a is an enlarged fragment of Fig. 2; Fig. 3 is a vertical elevational section taken crosswise of a battery of coke ovens wherein the non-regeneratively-preheated fuel gas is introduced into the heating fiues from conduit means extending crosswise of the battery closely adjacent the lower parts of the heating flues, said battery being also provided with the improvement provided by the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a composite vertical section taken longitudinally of the battery shown in Fig. 3,

the sections C--C, D-D, and E--E being taken respectively along the lines C-C, D-D, and

EE of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is an enlarged fragment of Fig. 3 and 55 showing in detail .a jet means employable in The invention has for further objects such of this specification and showing for purposes of- Fig. 9 is an enlarged fragment of a portion of Fig. 2 and showing in detail jet means adapted for employment in those embodiments of the invention illustrated in the structures of Figs. 1, 2, 7 and 8. k

The same characters of reference designate the same parts throughout the several views of the drawings.

In the embodiments thereof illustrated in the drawings, the various features of the invention are shown incorporated in a battery of combination ovens of the well-known Becker type of which a prominent characteristic is crossover ducts that are disposed to fiow combustion-products as they issue from vertically-disposed heating flues of an oven heating wall over the top of an adjacent coking chamber and into similar and similarly positioned heating flues of a heating wall adjacent the opposite side of said coking chamber, but it will be understood from the following discussion of. the features of the invention that they are especially susceptible of employment to the advantage of any coke-oven structure having in its heating system vertically-disposed heating flues with their tops interconnected for purposes of gas-flow in opposite directions. As a specific example of another class of ovens in which the invention can be successfully exploited there may be mentioned those whose heating flues are arranged according to the so-called hairpin construction.

Referring now to the drawings and more especially to the preferred embodiment of the instant improvement shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the illustrated coke-oven battery comprises a plurality of coking chambers i and heating walls ii that are disposed in alternation lengthwise of the battery. Heating walls ll comprise a plurality of vertically disposed heating fiues l2 that are arranged side-by-side crosswise of the battery and are adapted for gas-flow purposes in groups of which each comprises, with the exception of the two flues at either end of each heating wall, four heating flues having a common crossover duct l3 whereby combustion-products of one.

such flue-group are flowed upward and over the top of a coking chamber l0 and into a corresponding fiue-group adjacent the opposite side of an intermediate coking chamber. Each such group of four flues is structurally subdivided into pairs of flues of which each pair isprovided with a common outlet l4 and each pair of flue-outlets for a flue-group are symmetrically disposed in asoaovs ber of heating flues can, of course, be connected with the end crossover ducts.

The heating flues of the heating walls each communicate individually by conduits Ii with two cross-regenerators l6 therebeneath, each a such regenerator being arranged to preheat combustion air at such times as the heating flues are being underfired with non-regeneratively-preheated fuel gas as, for example, obtains when the ovens of the battery are operated as coke-ovens. One of the regenerators of the pair of regenerators with which each heating flue is communicably connected is, however, also adapted to preheat lean fuel gas delivered thereinto from lean fuel-gas main I! by gas flow box l8 in the wallknown manner in those instances where the ovens are operated as gas ovens and are therefore underfired with extraneously-derived gas.

In the underfiring of the heating flues with either regeneratively-preheated or non-regenerativelypreheated fuel gas, they as well as their combustion-air are all introduced into the lower parts of the heatingfiues exclusively and each at but one level thereof, so that their combustion is initiated at substantially only one place. This type of underfiring will be hereinafter referred to as one-stage combustion.

At such times as the battery illustrated in Figs. 1 and g are operated as "coke ovens" and are heated by fuel gas of higher calorific value that needs no preheating step for its effective combustion, such fuel gas is delivered into the bottom of the heating flues according to the under-jet principle by means of ducts I9 that extend from the lower surface of the supporting-mat 20 of the battery upwards through a regenerator wall 2! to port into the lower parts of the heating fiues.

Each such duct l9 communicates, by means of respect of a said crossover duct. The two heat? derflring gas burned in flues at that location for the purpose of overcoming the greater radiation from the heating-wall ends; any preferred num- 1 cast 1mm pipe connections, with a wall-header pipe 22 whereby all the heating fiues comprising a single heating wall are simultaneously supplied with the heating gas of high calorific value. Each such wall-header pipe 22 of the battery in turn com- I municates through its pipe-connections 23 with a principal supplying-main 24 that extends lengthwise of the battery through passageways 25, formed beneath mat 20 by the battery-supporting piers 26, and communicates with a'reservoir of rich gas outside the battery-structure. Valve means 21 is adapted for actuation by the gas-fiow reversing mechanism (not shown) of the battery to supply fuel gas to its associated heating wall in alternation with a heating wall thereadiacent.

In accordance with the instant improvement, as clearly shown in Fig. 2, the two underjet ducts i9 that are associated withcorresponding heating flues of adjacent heating walls employing the same crossover duct I 3, are communicably connected adjacent their lower ends by means of an induction duct 28 located in mat 20, said induction, duct thus providing means whereby a circulation of gases is establishable between the I lower parts of the heating flues connected thereby. Induction ducts 28 can be entirely surrounded by the material of the mat, as shown in said Figs. 1 and 2, or they can, if preferred, be only partially embedded therein or be placed closely adjacent either the upper or lower surface thereof. In the latter instance, it is desirable to provide them with insulation that is either permanent or removable. To obviate possible corrosion from the constituents of the combustion-products, the said induct-ion: ucts can be made of ducted into the heating flues is controlled by.

means shown in detail in Fig. 9. The outlet-end Y of pipe 28 is threaded for considerable'distance therealong to permit adjustment of the position of the similarly-threaded gas-flow nozzle 30 which can be secured at a preferred point by means of lock-nut ll. Movement of said nozzle along pipe 29 is provided so that the position of its discharge orifice 32 is adjustable in respect of the narrowest portion of the Venturi-member 33. Rich fuel gas enters the heating .flue above in quantities determinable, amongst other factors, by the area of orifice 32 and also by the pressureunder which said gas is maintained in the wall-header 22.

Nozzl 30 being replaceable. the amount of fuel gas delivered to the heating flue above is optionally variable either by substituting for an existing nozzle a like nozzle having an outlet of different effective area or by altering the gaseous pressure maintained in the associated wall-header 22. From end to end of the heating wall, the orifices of nozzles 30 are preferably graduated in accordance with the taper of the adjacent coking chamber and the thereby occasioned diverse heat re- 'quirements of its coal content at different points the underjet duct W is delivering fuel gas to the flame-flue X thereabove, its corresponding heating flue Y of the adjacent heating wall and with Y which said flue X is comr'nunicably connected not only by crossover duct ilbut also by means of under-jet duct Z and an induction duct 28, is filled with combustion-products flowing downwardly to out-flow r'e'generators. The said underjet duct Z and its associated induction duct 28 are thus filled 'with combustion-products derived from the top of heating flue X through crossover lt'and heating flue Y. In consequence, therefore, of the jet of rich fuel gas rising through underjet duct W, these gases induced to flow through induction ducts 2B are actually combustion-products of rich fuel gas previously burned in flue X. Inasmuch as these combustion-products are relatively inert, their mixing with the rich fuel gas as they rise through duct- W has the eflect of introducing means whereby a rich fuel gas can be continuously and automatically diluted with an inert gas inside of the battery structure and before it enters the heating flues, thus making it possible to retard the combustion rate of a richfuel gas and to obtain the benefits of underflring with a gas of optionally regulable -lo.w calorific value without increasing the load of recirculated combustionproducts flowed through the regenerators or disturbing the normal flow through the heating flues of the columns of fuel gas and air introduced at their, lower parts.

' The combustion-products drawn downwardly from they heating flues through the underjet ducts i9 by means of the jet of rich gas are subjected to considerable cooling by the walls of the regenertheir induction lnto'the up-flowing underjet ducts by the jet of fuel gas. Their temperature is howevernot reduced below the dew-point oftheir moisture content and the presence of this watervapor along with their carbondioxide and small oxygen content acts as an agent that so adequately hinders the accumulation of carbon deposits in the underjet ducts that a decarbonizing step therefor is usually. not necessary. When, however, the employed underfiring gas is of a rather higher calorific value or comprises constituents that tend to decompose at relatively low temperatures, air for any such decarbonization of underjet ducts l9 as maybe found necessary can be introduced into each induction duct 28 from the battery basement through a conduit. 10 in amounts regula'ble by the size of orifice ll of cap Ii that is removably mounted on the lower end of the-walls of said conduit 10. At other times, a cap "H without perforation canbe employed.

As shown in Fig. 1, all the heating fiues of any one heating wall are each individually communicabiy connected by means of the induction ducts I '28 of the invention with acorresponding heating flue in a cooperatively disposed adjacent heat ng wall but it will be appreciated by those skilled. in

the art that for purposes of establishing divers I somewhat that normally very low temperatures into the lower partof heating flue X a fuel gas of'lower calorific value and slower combustion characteristics than would otherwise obtain. This has the beneficial effect of making it possible to maintain a reduced temperature gradient be-- tween the tops and bottoms of the heating flues and so promotes uniformity of heat distribution throughout the adjacent coal charge. -As is obvious from the drawing of Fig; 2, reversal of flow of The apparatus of the inventionthus furnishes gases through the fines X and Y in no wise alters the results obtained. 7 Y

differential existing between the bottoms and tops of the heating walls and which is establishable by circulating combustion-products into the rich fuel gas of all of the heating flues thereof in accordanc with the principle of the present improvement, some ofthe heating flues can be un-' derfired with rich fuel gas that is undiluted prior to its entry into the heating flues whereas the others can be heated by gas from the same source that is previously mixed with its own combustion-products by the means furnished by the instant improvement.

The basic thought of the instant invention is parts of heating flues from a "gas-gun" or conwith the top of the battery.

In the coke oven battery illustrated in said Figs.

3 and 4, the heating walls 40 comprise a plurality of vertically-disposed heating flues 4| that are operatively disposed in groups comprising four flues, each such group having its own crossover and substantially the same gas-flow arrangement as described in Figs. 1 and 2. The two end-flues at either endof a heating wall are arranged to form a single flue group that has its own crossover 42. Non-regeneratively-preheated fuel gas is delivered to each heating fuel 4l from conduit 43 by a vertical duct 44 that is individual thereto, said gas being apportioned to each flue by an aperture in its nozzle-brick 45. The connections 51 at either end of conduit 43 serve as means for the introducing of a small amount of air into said conduit whenever it is found expedient so to do for promoting the de-carbonization process.

At such times as the battery of Fig. 3 is underflred with rich fuel gas as a source of heat, sliding-bricks 46 are moved over the short ducts 41 at both ends of the interconnected adjacent heating walls, thereby removing the end crossovers from the gas circuits around the intermediate coking chamber.

The combustion-products from the small heating flue groups at the ends of the heating walls are thus prevented from flowing to the regenerators by Way of their crossovers and so become available for use as a diluent of rich fuel gas flowed into the structure from rich-gas mains 48 that extend lengthwise along the tip of the battery. Branching off from said mains are pipes 49 that port at their lower ends into replaceable nozzle means 50 shown in enlarged view in Fig. 5. Nozzles 50 are so formed that they jet rich fuel gas into the space adjacent the tops of the two end heating flues thereby causing combustion- .products issuing from their tops to flow downwardly through induction duct 52 of this embodiment of the instant improvement and into fuelgas conduit 43. Induction ducts 52 of Figs. 3, 5, are therefore analogous in their function to ducts 28 of Figs. 1 and 2. Flowing downwardly through said duct 52 under the influence of the rich-gas jet the combustion-products are thoroughly mixed with theformer to dilute it and reduce its calorific value as it enters conduit 43 whereby the mixture is allocated to the various therewith associated heating flues.

The rich-gas nozzles are preferably formed of refractory materials and are seated in gastight contact with the co-acting surface or seating means 53 formed in thebrickwork of the battery. A wide range of jetting effects can be produced by providing nozzles having discharge orifices 54 of different effective areas. The contact between pipe 49 and the nozzle 50 need not be gas-tight when the cover-plate 55 and pipe 49 form a unit that is of sufficient weight to resist the pressure of the rich gas and when the former (55) is furnished with a gas-t ght surface at its contact Removal of both pipe 49 and nozzle 50 from the battery is facilitated by means of pipe-union 5B.

The ovens of the coke-oven battery shown in in Figs. 3 and 4 are easily converted from "cokeovens" into gas-ovens, that is, into ovens that are underflred with regeneratively-preheated fuel gas, byinterrupting the flow of rich fuel gas bottoms thereof.

with other figures.

through nozzle 50 and removing sliding bricks 46 from the tops of the short ducts 41 and thereafter flowing lean fuel gas in the well-known manner through one of the two regenerators with which each heating flue is' communicably connected.

In the embodiment of the invention hereinabove described in conjunction with Figs. 1, 2, and 9, the combustion-products employed as a diluent for the rich fuel gas allocated to any particular heating flue is derived from a correspond.- ing heating flue in an opposite heating wall by duct means arranged to permit a certain amount of circulation of gases between the said flues lower parts. In the embodiment of the inventionshown in Figs. and 8, however, means are provided whereby the diluent combustion-products for any particular heating flue are obtainable from the top of that flue itself or from an adjacent flue of the same heating wall, thereby providing the invention with an embodiment rendering it operative both in coke ovens'having adjacent heating flues of the same heating wall disposed for operation in alternation with each other as flame-flues or combustion-products flues, as well as in coke ovens having the flues of their heating walls either all or in large part arranged for simultaneous operation in alternation as the up-flow or down-flow flues.

In the battery shown in said Figs. 7 and 8, those division-walls 60 between heating flues 6| that are interconnected at their upper parts and also have a common port 62 into their crossover duct, are formed with individual induction ducts 63 that extend from a point adjacent the tops of said walls to a point substantially at the level of the soles of the regenerator sole-channels 64, the upper ends of said induction ducts being curved at their flue-sides to facilitate inflow of gases. At their lower ends, ducts 63 are each communicably connected by means of short horizontally-disposed ducts 65 with the underjet ducts 66 for the heating flues at either side thereof, thereby providing conduits through which combustion-products can be withdrawn from the tops of adjacent heating flues and returned to the Rich fuel gas delivered to the heating flues through ducts 66 is introduced thereinto in the form of a jet by means of the nozzle arrangement 61 which is shown in detail in Fig. 9 and hereinabove described in connection The effect of the jets of rich gas rising through the ducts 66 is to induce a current of combustion-products to flow, as shown by the arrows, downwardly through induction ducts 63, 65, and thence upwardly into the heating flues in admixture with and under the influence of the jetted rich gas in which they operate as a diluent of its heat content.

The advantages accruing to the art from the employment of the hereinabove described improvement become apparentfrom the following operating results obtained in its practice according 'to the embodiment illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2. In a coke-oven battery of the underjet type having the lower parts of corresponding heating flues of adjacent heating walls communicably connected for gas-flow purposes by means comprising rich-gas underjet ducts having a diameter of two inches and an induction duct (numeral 28 of Fig. 2) of two and one-half inches in diameter, coke-oven gas flowed first into their underjet ducts and thence into said heating flues at the rate of 450 cubic feet per hour from a nozzleoriflce 9/82 inch in diameter, said coke-oven gas 'caloriflc values. Combustion of the so-diluted l coke-oven gas in the heating flues had the efl'ect of reducing temperature differences between said flues tops and bottoms from those obtaining during their under-firing with undiluted coke-oven as. l

-- into the lower parts of said heating flues the airrequirement for combustion of said rich gas in It now becomes possible by induction ducts and readily controllable jetting means, provided 1 for horizontal coke-oven structures according to the present improvement, having simple nozzle means co-operatively disposed in respect of said go ducts, to circulate combustion-products between operatively interconnected heating flues in such manner that certain of the well-known undesirable ccmbustive characteristics exhibited by fuel gases of the higher heating values when employed as underflring media for horizontal coke ovens, can be substantially eliminated to the general advantage of the coking structure itself and the without maintaining abnormally-high pressures in the fuel-gas distributive system or disturbing the normal stream-line flow of gases through the heating flues.

When' combination coke-oven batteries provided with the hereinabove described improvement are 40 operated as gas-ovens, the circulation of combustion-products in the rich-gas distributive system and heating flues isautomatically cut 01! so that the leaner blast-furnace or producer gases usually used as the underflring medium at suchtimes are thus advantageously subjected to no further reduction in their calorific values before entering the heating flues.

By means of the invention the quantity of com- The present improvement iumishes 30 of the combustion products-from the outlet for combustion-products through the duct-means and thence into the rich fuel-gas conduit means in advance of the inlet therefrom to the heating flue for a preceding mixture with rich gas to be fed, as such mixture, from the rich-gas conduit means to the heating flue and prior to the admission of said air-requirement for combustion of said rich gas in the flue.

2. In a horizontal coke-oven comprising a coking chamber and a heating system-therefor com-.

prising vertically flued heating walls, rich-gas.

conduits for feeding non-regeneratively-heated rich fuel-gas into the lower parts of the heating flues, air-inlet means for separately admitting the flues, the combination of induction ductmeans inclusively in juncture with the oven structure and adapted for conducting combustion products from-the heating flues to the rich-gas conduits, said induction duct-means communicating with the rich-gas conduits at a region thereof in advance of their discharge of richgas into the heating flues, and of inlet-means for introducing the rich-gas into the rich-gas conduits, said inlet-means being so disposed relative to the induction duct-means as to induce a flow of combustion-products from the heating flues through the induction duct-means into mixture with the rich-gas in the rich-gas conduits ing vertically flued heating walls on opposite sidesof horizontal coking chambers, the flues of the heating walls on opposite sides of a coking chamher being communicabiy connected at their up- -perparts by cross-over ducts into two sets operable in alternation for upflow combustion in one wall and concurrent downnow of the waste gas combustion-products in the other wall, cross-regenerators for air beneath the heating walls and chambers with regenerator division walls paralleling the coking chambers, a supporting mat for the oven below the regenerators for supportingthe oven above an accessible passage-way bustion-products circulated between associated therebeneath' and cm; conduits each mmheating flues is under control and is optionally variable in accordance with the characteristics of the employed underflring gas.

The invention as hereinabove set forth is emvidual to a heating flueand extending from the oven supporting mat upwardly through the regenerator division walls to port into the lower parts of the heating flues, the combination of died in Particular mm and manner but may induction ducts communicably connecting the be variously embodied within the scope of the claims hereinafter made.

I claim: 1 1. In a regenerative coke oven, the combination with a heating flue, rich fuel-gas-conduit means for feeding non-regeneratively-preheated rich fuel-gas into the inlet' end of the heating flue, air inlet-means forseparately admitting into said flue the air-requirement for combustion of said rich fuel-gas in the flue, and an outlet for combustion-products from the heating flue, of duct-means communicably connecting the outlet for combustion-products with the rich fuel-gas conduit means at a region in the rich' gasconduit in advance of its inlet to thehea-ting flue, 7

paid rich-gas conduit means as to induce a new 76 I in the mica subsequent to the mixing of the,

rich-gas conduits for the flues of one set with the rich-gas conduits for the flues of the other set at a region below said regenerators, in advance of where the conduits port into their heating flues, and of jet means individual to the respective rich-gas conduits, for introducing richgas thereto, each said Jet means being disposed at the region of juncture-cf its rich-gas conduit with the induction duct therefore so as to induce flow of the waste gas from the bottoms of the flues of each set, when operable for downflow, through their idle rich-gas conduits and the induction duct into the rich-gasconduits of the flues of the other set when concurrently operable for upflow combustion, and each of. said air regenerators communicating with the lower parts of the flues through ports adapted for admission of the air-requirement for combustion of the rich communicably connected at their upper parts by cross-over duct-means extending over the top of the intervening coking chamber for operation in alternation for upflow combustion in one wall concurrently with downflow of the combustionproducts in the other wall, and conduit means individual to each wall and porting into the bottoms of the flues therein, said conduit means extending lengthwise of the coking chamber closely beneath the heating flues for feed of non-regeneratively-preheated rich fuel-gas, the combination of a flue-like duct in each wall, each disposed to connect the top of a heating flue in its wall with its rich-gas conduit, and of means arranged to introduce rich fuel-gas into each of the flue-like ducts and in the form of a jet where the flue-like duct connects with the heating flue connected therewith as aforesaid, so as to induce a flow of combustion-products from said connected heating flue into admixture in the fluelike duct with the rich-gas from thejet and thence into the rich-gas conduit for the heating wall in advance of the ports therefor into the heating flues and means for separately admitting the air-requirements for combustion of said rich gas in said flues to the lower of the flues subsequent to the mixing of the combustion products and rich gas for the flues;

6. In a regenerative coke-oven having a coking chamber intermediate a pair of vertically flued heating walls with the vertical flues of the walls communicably connected at their upper parts into two sets for operation in alternation for up-' flow combustion in one set concurrently with downflow of the combustion-products in the other set, and conduit means individual to each wall and porting into the bottoms of the flues therein, said conduit means extending lengthwise of the coking chamber closely beneath the heating flues for feed of non-regeneratively-preheated rich fuel-gas, the combination of a flue-like duct in each wall, each disposed to connect the-top of a heating flue in its wall with its rich-gas conduit, and of means arranged to introduce rich fuelgas into each of the flue-like ducts and in the form of a jet where the flue-like duct connects with the heating flue connected therewith as aforesaid, so as to induce a flow of combustionproducts from said connected heating flue into admixture in the flue-like duct with the rich-gas from the jet and thence into the rich-gas conduit for the heating wall in advance of the ports therefor into the heating flues and means for separately admitting the air-requirements for combustion of said rich gas in said flues to the lower of the flues subsequent to the mixing of the combustion products and rich gas for the flues.

7. In a regenerative coke-oven havinga coking chamber intermediate a pair of vertically flued heating walls with the vertical flues of the wall communicably connected at their upper parts by cross-over duct-means extending over the top of the intervening coking chamber for operation in alternation for upflow combustion in one wall concurrently with downflow of the combustion-products in the other wall, and conduit means individual to each wall and porting into the bottoms of the flues therein, said conduit means extending lengthwise of the coking chamber closely beneath the heating flues for feed of non-regeneratively-preheated rich fuel-gas, the

' ranged to introduce rich fuel-gas into each of the flue-like ducts and in the form of a jet where the flue-like duct connects with the heating flue connected therewith as aforesaid, so as to induce a flow of combustion-products from said connected heating flue into admixture in the flue-like duct with the rich-gas from the jet and thence into the rich-gas conduit for the heating wall in advance of the ports therefor into the heating flues and means for separately admitting the air-requirernents for combustion of said rich gas in said flues to the lower of the flues subsequent to opposite heating wall, regenerators for air beneath the coking chamber and heating wall, an oven supporting mat beneath the regenerators supporting the oven above an accessible passageway, and rich-gas riser ducts individual to the respective heating flues extending from the oven supporting mat upwardly into communication with the bottoms of the heating flues, and having side-by-side heating flues in each heating wall in communication at their upper'parts, and in their common partition wall a waste-gas downflow duct extending downwardly from their upper communication through a regenerator wall therebeneath to a point adjacent a regenerator solecanal, and induction duct-means communicably connecting at their lower parts each of the wastegas downflow duets with the rich-gas riser ducts for the heating flues separated by the common wall containing the respective waste-gas downflow ducts, and a jetting means individual to each rich-gas riser duct for introducing the rich-gas therein in the form of a jet with the jetting means arranged in relation thereto and to the induction duct-means therefore as to cause the jet of rich-gas to induce a flow of waste-gas from the tops of the side-by-side heating flues, downwardly through their waste-gas downflow duct to the induction duct-means therefore and thence into admixture with rich-gas from the jet thereof in the riser conduits before such rich-gas admixture enters the lower parts of'the heating flues and means'for admission of air from the regenerators to the heating flues subsequent to the mixing of the combustion products and rich-gas for combustion of the rich-gas in the flues.

9. A regenerative coke-oven comprising a coking chamber. with vertically. flued heating walls on opposite sides thereof, the flues of the heating walls 'being operatively disposed into sets operable in alternation with each other for upflow combustion in the flues of one set concurrently with downflow of combustion-products in the flues of the other set, regenerators for air beneath the coking chamber and heating walls, an

i 9,808,878 'oven supporting-mat beneath the regenerators supporting the oven above an accessible passageway, and rich-gas riser ducts individual to the respective heating flues extending from the oven supporting mat upwardly into communication a with the bottoms of the heating flues, and having side-by-side'heating flues in each heating wall in communication at their upper parts, and in their common partition wall a waste-gas downflow duct extending downwardly from their upper" communication through a regenerator wall therebeneath to a point adjacent a regenerator sole- -canal, and induction duct-means communicably connecting at their lower parts each of the wastee gas downfiow duets with the rich-gas riser ducts for the heating flues separated by the common wall containing the respective waste-gas downflow ducts, and a jetting means individual to each heating walls and coking chambers, a supporting" mat for the oven below the regenerators for suprich-gas riser duct for introducing the rich-gas f therein in the form of a jet with the jetting means arranged in relation thereto and to the and means for admission of air from the regenerators to the heating .flues subsequent to the mixing of the combustion products and rich-gas for combustion of the rich-gas in the flues.

.10. In a regenerative horizontal coke-oven having vertically fiued heating walls on opposite chamber being communicably'connected at their upper parts by cross-over ducts into two sets operable in alternation with each other. for upflow combustion in one wall and concurrent downflow of the waste-gas combustion-products in the sides of horizontal coking chambers, the flues of the heating walls on opposite sides of a coking v quireinent iorcombustion of the rich-gas in the other wall, regenerators for air beneath the heating walls and coking chambers, a supporting mat:

for the oven below the regenerators for supporting the oven above an accessible passagewaytherebeneath, and rich-gas feed conduits for the heating flues extending from the oven supportinto two setsoperable in alternation with each.

ing mat, upwardly through the region of the regenerators to port into the lower parts of the heating flues, the combination of induction ducts communicably connecting the rich-gas conduits tor the flues of one set with the rich-gas conduits for the flues oi the other set at a region belowthe regenerators, in advance of where the conduits port into their heating lilies, and of jet means individual to the respective rich-gas conduits, for introducing rich-gas thereto, each said jet means being disposed at the region of juncture of its rich-gas conduit with the induction duct therefor so as to induce flow of the wastegas from the bottoms of the flues or each set, when operable for dbwnflow, through their idle rich-gas conduits and the induction duct into the rich-gas conduits oi the flues or the other set when concurrently operable .ior upflow combustion, and each of said air regenerators communicating with the lower parts of the. dues through ports for separate admission to the flues o! the air which the induction ducts are located within the supporting mat for the coke-oven.

12. In a regenerative horizontal coke-oven having vertically flued heating walls on the sides i of horizontal coking chambers, the flues'oi the heating walls being communicably connected ,at their'upper parts into two sets operable in alter nationwith each other-forxupflow combustion in the flues of one set and concurrent 'downflow of the waste-gas combustion-products in the flues oi the other set, regenerators for air beneath the porting the oven above an accessible passageway therebeneath, and rich-gas feed-conduits for the heating flues extending from the oven supporting mat upwardly through the region of the regenerators to port into'the lower parts of the heating lines, the combination of induction ducts 1 communicably connecting the rich-gas conduits duits, for introducing rich-gas thereto," each said jet means being disposed at the region ofjunct'ure of its rich-gas conduit with the induction duct therefor so as to induce flow of the waste-gas from the bottoms of the flues of each set, whenoperable for downflow, through their idle richgas conduits and the induction duct into the richgas conduits of the flues oi the other set'when concurrently operable for upflow combustion, and

each of said air regenerators communicating a with the lower parts of the flues through ports for separate admission to the dues of the air reflues subsequent to the mixing of the waste-gas and rich-gas in the -\rich-gas conduits for the 13. Apparatus as claimed in claim' 12 and in which the induction ducts are located within the supporting 'mat tor the coke-oven. 1

14. In a regenerative coke-oven having v'ertically flued heating walls on the sides of horizontal coking chambers and operatively disposed other for upflow combustion of non-regeneratively preheated rich-gas and air in the flues of one set and concurrent downflow of the wastegas combustion-products in the flues o! the other set, regenerators for air beneath the heating walls and coking chambers, a supporting mat for theoven below the regenerators for supporting the oven above an accessible passageway therebeneath, the combination of gaseous medium feed-conduits for the heating flues extending from the oven supporting .mat upwardly through'the re on of the regenerators-to port into the lower parts of the heating flues, induction ducts communicably connecting the gasecue-medium teed-conduits tor the flues .0! one set with the gaseous-medium teed-conduits tor the dues or the other set at a region below the regenerators. in advance of where said teed-conrequirement for combustion of the rich-gas in the flues subsequent to the mixing of the watergas and rich-gas in the rich-gas conduits tor the flues.

11. Apparatus as claimed in claim 10 and in 10 medium 'teed-oonduitsand duits discharge into their heating flues, and or jet-means for the respective ieed-conduits,- for introducing gaseous medium thereto; each of said jet-means being disposed at the regionoi juncture of its teed-conduit with the induction duct thereiorso as to induce how of the waste-gas from the bottoms of the dues oi. each set, when operable tor downflow. through their gaseousthe induction'duct into the gaseous-medium feed-conduits of the fines of the other set when concurrently operable for upflow, and each of said air regenerators communicating with the lower parts of the flues through ports for admixing the air for combustion of the rich gas in the flues with the same subsequent to the admission of waste-gas from the induction ducts into the gaseous-medium feed-conduits for the flues.

15. Apparatus as claimed in claim 14 and in which the induction ducts are located within the supporting mat for th coke-oven.

16. In a regenerative coke-oven, combustion heating means therefor comprising vertical combustion flues operable in alternation for upflow combustion of gas and air and downfiow of offflow waste combustion gas, the combustion flues being operatively disposed in two sets operable in alternation with each other for upfiow combustion in one set with concurrent ofi-flow of the waste-gas thereof downwardly through the other set, and regenerators communicably connected with said flues at their lower parts for inflow preheating of the air and outflow of waste-gas, the combination of a separate set of gaseous-medium feed-conduits for each set of flues feeding gaseous-medium independently of the regenerators into the lower parts of the flues of each set when operable for upfiow combustion, duct-means communicably connecting gaseous-medium feedconduits of the two sets of flues with each other, for conducting waste combustion-gas from each to the other of the gaseous-medium feed-conduits for the two sets of flues in advance of the inlets of said conduits to their heating flues, and means for introducing gaseous medium into the gaseous-medium feed-conduits including a connection for the conduits of the two sets of .fiues arranged to discharge the gaseous-medium into the conduits of the two sets of flues at the juncture of the conduits with the duct means therewith and so as to induce thereby a flow of waste combustion-gas from each to the other of the heating flues of the two sets whose gaseous-medium feed-conduits are connected by the duct means, out of the lower parts of the flues of the two sets, when operable for downfiow, into their gaseous-medium feed-conduits, through the duct-means, and thence into the gaseous-medium feed-conduits of heating flues of the other of the two sets, concurrently operable for upflow combustion, for delivery into the lower parts of the latter flues.

17. In an underfired regenerative horizontal coke oven battery having vertically fined heating walls on opposite sides of horizontal coking chambers, regenerators beneath the heating walls and coking chambers for feeding air for combustion to said heating flues, a supporting mat for the oven below the regenerators for supporting the oven above an accessible passageway therebeneath, andrneans for supplying rich fuelgas to the heating flues comprising rich fuelgas supply channels extending upwardly from the oven supporting mat through the region of the regenerators to port into the lower parts of the heating flues, the combination of means for introducing waste-gas of combustion into said means for supplying rich fuelgas at a region well in advance of where the supply channels thereof port into the heating flues, for admixing of the waste-gas with rich gas prior to admix ing of rich gas from said channels with air from said regenerators for combustion in said heating flues;

18. In a regenerative horizontal coke oven battery havingvfiuid heating walls on opposite sides of horizontal coking chambers, regenerators beneath the heating walls and coking chambers for feeding air for combustion to said heating flues, and means for supplying rich fuel-gas to the heating flues comprising rich fuel-gas supply channels extending into communication with the heating flues, the combination of means for introducing waste-gas of combustion into said means for supplying rich fuel-gas at a region well in advance of where the supply channels thereof communicate with the heating flues, for adfrom said regenerators for combustion in said heating flues.

JOSEPH VAN ACKEREN.

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