US2306104A - Oil burner - Google Patents

Description

J. cLossMANN ET A1. 2,306,104

OIL BURNER Dec. 2.2, 1942.

Filed Jan. l5, 1959 3 Sheets-Sheet l IlI JfCLoss'mam Gvatzk Attu.

Filed Jan. l5, 1939 '3"SheetS-She'et 2 Inentov.

. Clossfmunn Grolzl,

Dec. 22, 1942.

J. CLOSSMANN ET AL OIL BURNER Filed Jan. 15, 1939 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 ITLUEYftOF.

Atti.

atente Dec. 22, i942 N UNITED GIL BURNER Julius Clossmann,

Modling, near Vienna, Germany;

Vienna, and Alfred Gratzl,

vested in the Alien Property Custodian Application January 13, 1939, Serial No. 250,742 In Austria January 14, 1938 6 Claims. (Cl. 158-73) This invention relates to oil burning units and more particularly to an oil burning unit employing steam to atomize the liquid fuel being burned in the burner. The oil burning unit is designed to heat the steam boiler of a heating system or a furnace of any kind.

VIn accordance with the invention the steam generator or boiler has a passage therethrough for the burner flame, the surface of which is wholly or partially shaped as a radially symmetrical surface. In order to increase the heating effect ofthe burner and to obtain as complete a combustion as possible of all the fuel particles, a heat radiating member is provided in accordance with the invention. The heat radiating member is arranged Within the opening in the steam generator and is also formed wholly or partly radially symmetrical. The heat radiating member is spaced from the opening in the steam generator and forms a substantially annular chamber therewith. The heat radiating member l encircles the longitudinal axis of the burner.

The heat radiating member serves as the firing surface of the burner and has such a length in relation to the velocity of the combustible particles passing therethrough that as complete av combustion and evaporation as possible of the fuel particles is obtained. The entire fuel burning unit is designed as an attachment for furnaces of any kind. Only a portion of the heat developed by the burner flame is used for heating the auxiliary steam generator. A portion of the heat is absorbed by the heat radiating member and is transferred by heat radiation to the surface of the steam generator.

In order to prevent the occurrence of combustion residues such as soot, oil, carbon and the like the heat radiating member is preferably closed with respect to the burner. .heating-up device is provided, the heating gases of which flow through. the annular chamber between the heat radiating member and the passage in the boiler.

Care is taken to regulate the supply of airl for the liquid fuel fired burner. To this end. a diffuser is provided that surrounds the fuel injecting nozzle of the burner and is arranged in front of the heat radiating member. This diffuser is shaped as a substantially paraboloidal surface and has air inlet openings to ensure a good fuel-air mixture.

Various embodiments of a device according to Y the invention, and also its details, are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein:

An additional y Fig. 1 is a view partly in elevation and partly in section of an oil burner unit and its steam generator in accordance with the invention.

Figure 2 is a front view partly in section of the oil burning unit of Fig. 1.

Figures 3 and 4 are sectional views of forms of the invention.

Referring to the drawings, flame tube 2 forming the heating surface is mounted in the boiler or steam generator I. Burner 3 is arranged in llame tube 2. The flame tube is cylindrical as shown in Fig. 1.

' The heating surface 4 of the boiler l may be so designed that it is only made radially symmetrical in one part of its surface. For example the upper or lower part of flame tube 2 may be made semi-cylindrical or the first or second halves only may be made radially symmetrical while other parts thereof may have a rectangular or other cross-section.

In the embodiment of the invention shown in the drawings, the radiation surface 4 is so mounted in the flame tube 2 of the boiler i that a hollow space 5 is formed which is located between the boiler heating surface 2 and the radiation surface 4. There `opens into this hollow space 5 a fire space 6 acting as a ue which conveys the combustion gases of a heating device, e. g. a preheating burner, operated with liquid or solid fuel, to the heating surface 2 of the boiler and to the radiation surface 4. Figure .1 shows a. fuel container l for liquid fuel, and Figure 2 a grate 8 for solid fuel. Close to the air inlet openings 9 leading to the fuel in the container 1 or in the grate 8, there are provided guide surfaces I0 which are directed obliquely downward. According to Figure 2, the angle of inclination of the guide surface l0 shown on the left hand side may be adjusted as desired with respect to the surface of the fuel resting on the grate 8. If the surface of the grate 8, as shown on the left hand side of Figure 2, is greater than the cross-section of the fire space S, then the guide surface i0 can also be arranged vertically (Figure 2, right-hand side). The regulation of the flue effect in the fire space 6 can, however, also take place according to Figure l, by a slide Il, a flap or some other regulating member.

The fire space of any desired cross-sectional form, acting in the manner of a flue, terminates in the hollow space 5 between the heating surface 2 and the radiation surface 4, and is so closed off by surface 4 or by a wall l2 from the burner 3 so that a sooting of the burner by the exhaust gases of the heating device 'l or 8, that modified is, also during preheating of the unit, is impossible.

The :dre space 6, which opens into the space 5. and which may also be arranged in front of the boiler or laterally thereof, can be insulated or cooled from the outside.

The space 5, can be used for the preheating of additional air and also for superheating the atomising steam taken from the boiler I- and supplied to the burner 3. To this end, the steam collecting pipe I 3 is bent to the form of a loop at the outlet end of the heating flame from the boiler, without, however, obstructing the development of the flame. Pipe' I3 passes through the space 5 and 4terminates at the burner nozzle. The supply of air to the burner 3 can be regulated by a rotary slide arrangement II' (Figure l) provided with slots. y

In order to obtain a regulated supply of air to the burner flame and a regulated supply of ai: within the range of the flame, according to the invention, the radiation surface 4 has in front of it a preferably bell-shaped diffuser Il with air inlet openings I5, which surrounds the outlet point of the burner 3.

'Ihe diffuser I4 which serves to secure a better hydrodynamic flow has an inner surface which is in the form of a parabolic surface of revolution, whereas the lines of flow which are asymtotic to the burner axis form logarithmic lines in order to insure a smooth flow and a I wherein said heat radiating member is longer than said steam generator opening.

4. An oil burning unit comprising a steam generator having an opening for passage of a burner flame therethrough, a fuel injecting noz- 1 zle arranged outside of and concentrically to the thorough mixture between the air and the oil longitudinal axis of said steam generator opening, the surface of said steam generator opening being at least partly-shaped as `a radially symmetrical surface, a heat radiating member encircling said fuel nozzle and arranged substantially parallel with and spaced from said steam generator opening to form a substantially annular chamber therebetween, a pipe for conducting the steam from said steam generator to said fuel nozzle, said pipe passing through f said annular chamber, another pipe for'supplying oil to said fuel nozzle, and an additional preheating burner, the heating gases of said additional preheating burner passing through said annular chamber.

5. An oil burning unit comprising a steam generator having an opening for passage of a burner flame therethrough, a fuel injecting nozzle arranged at one end of said steam generator opening, a diffuser surrounding said fuel nozzle and being shaped substantially as a paraboloid, said diffuser having apertures for admission of com- Figure 4 shows a radiation surface which extends beyond the flame tube 2. It is advisable to so dimension the length of the radiation surface l that it suffices, calculated with reference to the velocity of the particles of fuel mixed with air passing through, to prepare, by radiation effect, the complete gasification or combustion of all the particles of fuel. The radiation surface 4 can also have -one or more apertures, slots Ii (Figure 4) or the like. There can also be provided on the inner end of the radiation surface I, as shown by way of example in Figure 4, a lpreferably ring-shaped body I' loi! Ahighlirnreproof substance, which acts as an ignition ring.

We claim:

1. An -oil burning unit comprising a steam generatorl having an opening for passage of a burner flame therethrough. a fuel injecting nozzle arranged at one end of said steam generator opening. a pipe connecting said steam generator with said fuel nozzle, another pipe for supplying oil to said fuel nozzle, the surface of the opening in said steam generator being at least partly shaped as a radially symmetrical surface, a heat radiating member encircling the longitudinal axis of said fuel nozzle and arranged substantially parallel with and spaced from said steam generator opening to form a substantially annular bustion supporting air and for ensuring a regulated flow of the burner gases, a pipe connecting said steam generator with said fuel nozzle, another pipe for supplying oil to said fuel nozzle, the surface of` said stem generator opening being at least partly shaped as a radially symmetrical surface, a heat radiating member encircling said fuel nozzle, said heat radiating member being substantially parallel with and spaced from* said steam generator opening to form an annular chamber therebetween.

6. An oil burning unit comprising a steam generator having an opening for passage of a burner flame therethrough, a fuel injecting nozzle arranged atone end of the opening in said steam generator, a pipe connecting said steam generator with said fuel nozzle, another pipe for supplying oil to said fuel nozzle, the surface of 4said steam generator opening being at least partly shaped as a radially symmetrical surface, a heat radiating member encircling the longitudinal axis of said fuel nozzle and arranged substantially parallel with and spaced from said steam generator opening to form a substantially annular chamber therebetween, 'an additional preheating burner, anda conduit for connecting said preheating burner with said annular chamber.

JULIUS CLOSSMANN. ALFRED GRA'I'ZL.

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