US2300743A - Oven - Google Patents

Description

G. F. HAUF ETAL Nov. 3, 1942.

OVEN

Filed Sept 22, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 7 hi i Patented Nov. 3, 1942- George F.

Hanf, raver Forest, and James .1. Exam.

Chicag 111., assignors to Chicago Metal Mfg. 00., Chicago, lit, a corporation of Illinois Application September 22, 1938, Serial No. 231,190

2Claims.

Our invention relates generally to ovens, and more particularly to oven structures utilized in industrial and manufacturing processes such as the baking of finishes, products or chemicals or in low temperature heat treating where heat insulating structure is required, and also to structures utilized in the smoking and treatment of meat and the like where a structure having tightly sealed joints is desirable.

It is an object of our invention to provide an oven, the structure of which is adaptable to uses, such as'baking, which require heat insulation,

or to the smoking and treatment of meats and the.

like which requires a tightly sealed enclosure.

It is another object of our invention to provide an oven structure made up of prefabricated sections and parts adapted to be assembled at the place of use, which oven structure is easily assembled in such a way. that the joints'are tight and have good heat insulating properties. 1

Another object of our invention is to provide an oven made up of prefabricated sections and joints so constructed and arranged that all of the wall sections are flat and easily handled and shipped.

Another object of our invention is to providean oven structure comprising wall sections adapted to be joined together and joint structures for joining the wall sections which not only provide tight joints, but also provide strong walls which are structurally rigid."

Another obiect'of our invention is to provide a joint structure for joining the sections of an oven wall which presents a neat finished appearance when assembled.

Another object of our invention is to provide a joint structure for joining the sections of an oven wall which-minimizes difficulty of aligning the joint fastening elements.

Another object of our invention is to provide a seal for an oven door which is effective upon closing of the door tightly to seal the joint between the door frame and the door.

The foregoing together with further objects, features and advantages of our invention are set forth in the following description of specific embodiments thereof, wherein:

Fig. 1 15a perspective view of an oven embodying a preferred form of our invention:

Fig; 2 is a fragmentary plan of the oven shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary sectional view of a preferred form of oven wall section:

Figs. 4, 5, 6, '1, and 9 are, respectively, fragm 6-6, 1-1, and 9 9 of Fig. l and in the direction of the respective arrows;

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary sectional view of an oven joint comprising a. modification of the joint shown in Fig. 4 and particularly adapted for use where the walls are so large that some additional 2 support is advisable; and

- Fig. 10 is a perspective view of a preferred form of nut-holding cap utilized in our invention.

In the various figures of the drawings like reference numerals refer to similar parts that perform similar functions.

With particular reference to Figs. 1 and 2, an oven is generally illustrated which has a base or floor 20, side walls 2| and 22, an end wall 23, a roof'or top 24, a front centerpanel 25, a. front top panel 28 and door frames 21 and 28 that respectively fit 'doors 2! and 30. The side and end walls 2| and 23 and the top 24 are made up of prefabricated heat-insulating wall sections or panels 3| which are jointed together by gas and heat insulated joints such as 32 and 33, which are generally illustrated in Fig. 2, and will be more fully described with referenceto Figs. 1 to 8, in-

clusive.

p The door frames 2'! and 28 preferably comprise metal angle members such as 34 and 35 secured to the ends of thefslde walls 2| and 22 and-to the top panel 26 by bolts such as 36, or other suitable fastening means, and metal angle members 31 and 30 secured to the center panel 25. The door 29 is hung on hinges 39 which are secured to the side or door frame member 21 by screws or other suitable fastening means such as El and to the door by screws or other suitable fastening means,

such as 42. The door 30 is similarly hung on hinges 43 which are secured to the opposite door frame member 28. When closed, the doors 29 and 30 are locked by manually operable latches 45 which are rotatably mounted on the upright angle members 31 and 38 of the door frames and engage sockets l6 onflthe doors 29 and 30.

A window 41, preferably of the double-pane type to eliminate moisture condensation, may be provided in the center panel 25 forlooking into the oven'without opening the doors. Reinforcing plates l8, l9 and are secured to the front top panel 26 byscrews or other suitable fastening means it to strengthen the structure above the doors 2! and 30. The base or floor 20 may be,

sloped to a suitable drain therein and a removable ramp 52 may be provided to give a gradual slope or rise at the doors which minimizes interference with the movement of material or conveyors into tary sectional views taken on the lines 4-, H, 68 and out .of the oven.

satisfactory heat insulating material for tem-: peratures up to 180 F.; rock wool is satisfactoryfor temperatures up to 250 F., and magnesium block is satisfactory for temperatures up to 400 F.

The insulating material 58 is preferably thicker than the width of the side portions such as 56 so as to provide a space as at 59 and prevent direct metal contact between the side portions such as 56 and the metal panel 55. Also, strips of heat insulating material such as '60 preferably separate the side portions such as 56 and 51 to prevent direct metal to metal contact between those side portions. This type of wall section or panel structure is particularly desirable where the prevention of heat losses is important. The

metal panels 54 and 55 are secured togeth rby welding (preferably electric arc welding) the side portion 51 to the side portion 56 at spaced points or by spaced screws extending through the side portions 56 and 51. j

4 illustrates a preferred form of joint, such as 32 in Fig. 2, for joiningwall sections or panels ii in substantially the same plane. In Fig. 4, and also in Figs. 5, 6, 7, 8' and 9. thewall sections 3| are similar to thatdescribed with reference to Fi 3, except that the stripsoi insulating material such as 60 in Fig. 3 are not shown. A channel member 62 has surfaces 63 and 66 that engage ends and 66, respectively, of the adjacent wall sections'and has flanges or extending portions 61 and 68 that are parallel-to theplane surfaces of the wall sections 8|. Th channel "member 62 also has a portion or surface 68 that is substantially parallel to a cover or plate 16 that covers the space between the adjacent wall sections or panels and engages the plane surfaces of the wall sections opposite the flanges or extending portions 61 and 66 on the channel member. The cover or plate 16 and the portion 69 of the channel member have aligned openings therein as at H and 12, respectively, through which fastening means such, as bolts 13 extend. The bolts 13 are preferably spaced along the joint as shown in Fig. l.

The portion 68 of the channel member is preferably spaced from the plate 16 and the bolts 13 the base or floor.

are provided withcooperating nuts such as 14 so that tightening of the nuts 14 on the bolts 13' draws the channel member 62 and the plate toward each other to clamp the wall sections 8| between the flanges 61 and 6,8 and the plate 16.

To provide neat joints, to 'cover the channel portions of the channel member 62 and to retain theheat insulating material in place, a cover 15" is provided which has edges I6 and I1 folded around'the flanges 61 and 68,- respectively, and intermediate those flanges and wall sections ll. Heat insulating material 16, such as rock wool, substantially fllls the space between the channel member 62 and the cover 1 5. A suitable high temperature .heat insulating cement, which may be applied while plastic, is used to fill the space between the channel member 62 and the plate 16. The joint illustrated in Fig. 5 is similar in principle to that illustrated in Fis- 4. but is adapted to join angularly disposed wall sections 31, as illustrated at 33 in Fig. 2, at the comer of the oven. In this joint the portions 66 and 66 of the channel member are disposed at angles which differ'from those of the similar portions of the channel member in Fig. 4, because of the difference in the angle between the adjacent wall sections, Also, the cover or plate 16 has portions 86 and 66' angularly disposed with respect to the mid-portion thereof and substantially parallel to the plane surfaces of the adjacent wall sections orpanels. The cover 15 is bent at 8! to conform to the contour of the comer.

Fig. 6 illustrates a preferred type of joint for joining the top 24 of the oven to the side walls 2| and 22, end wall 23 and front top panel 26. To provide adequate support for the top 24, it preferably overlaps the side walls as at 62. The difference in the relative positions of the angularly' disposed wall sections in Figs. 5 and 6 necessitates a different shape of section for the channel member 62.

To facilitate the manufacture of a channel member having a section of the form illustrated in Fig. 6, it preferably comprises separately formed portions Band 84 which are welded to.- gether. Screws 85 or other suitable fastening means extending through the plate 16 and into the wall sections may be employed, if desired, to insure that theedges of plates lliremain tightly against the top-and side walls.

Fig. 7 illustrates one type of joint for securing the wall sections of the side walls 2i and 22 and the end wall-23 to the curb or footing of the base or floor 26, The base or floor 20 is preferably made of concrete as illustrated, but-may be made of heat insulatin metal covered sections similar to those used for the other walls ofthe oven. Also, the floor or base may have a flange of substantially the same thickness as the wall sections, so that a joint, such as that illustrated in Fig. 4, may beused to secure the wall sections to the base or floor. Howevenin the joint shown, the channel member 62 and an angle member 65 are secured to the .base or floor 20 by bolts; such as 86, that are threaded into inserts such as 81 in The channel member 62 preferably has extensions 88 and 88 on the flanges 61 and 68, which extensions are folded over the edgesof the angle member 65. The plate 16 is preferably flat and engages a shoulder or curb 86 on the base or floor, aswell as the plane surface of the wall section 3|.

Fig. 8 illustrates a joint utilized in conjunction with an I-beam ill or other support structure which may be necessary or advisable where the roof or side walls are so large that some additional strengthening is desired. In-this joint the I bolt 13 has a flat head which fits into a countersunk opening 62 in a-plate 93 and extends through the plate. 83 and the portion 69 of the channel member 62. The plate 93 is covered by a second plate 84, which plate 96 is adjacent and supported by the I-beam 8|. The plates 83 and 84 are secured to the wall sections 3! by screws or other suitable fastening means, such as 85 and 66 In the joints disclosed in Figs. 4 to 8. inclusive, the openings I and plate 16, respectively, are preferably somewhat larger than thevbolts, such as 18, so as .to reduce the difliculty of aligning the openings H and I2 to-acc'ommodate the bolts, such as 18. Also, housings or caps 81, shown in Fig. 10. loosely H and 12 in the channel 1member62 tightly sealed enclosure is flt the nuts 15 to hold those nuts in place and prevent their turning when the bolts are tightened. The nuts 14 preferably fit loosely within the housings or caps 97 so that when the bolts, which are preferably pointed at 98, are inserted in the openings, the nuts readily align themselves with the bolts. As shown in Fig. 10, the housings or caps 91 are preferably formed from a single piece .of sheet metal having side portions 99 and E that are angularly disposed with respect to a central portion ill! and flanges Hi2 and 103 that are preferably spot-welded at I05 and 35 to the channel membe A central opening IE5 is provided through which the bolts I3 extend. V

With particular reference to Fig. 9 the angle members 35 and 35 are secured to the ends of the side wall section 3|, as shown in Fig. 2, by screws,

such as I01 and M13 or other suitable-fastening means. A reinforcing plate I09 is preferably utilized intermediate the angle member 35 and the wall section 3|, which reinforcing plate extends to the angle member 34 and serves to reinforce angle 35 and to retain the high temperature cement in space I09. Resilient strips, such as shut to provide a tight secondary seal for the doors. Channel members, such as Hi, are secured to the angle members, such as 35, by rivets, such as H5,-or other suitable fastening means, and extend along the surfaces of the angle members, such as 35, adiacent theinner surface of the door. The primary seal is provided by strips of sponge rubber or other suitable resilient heat 3 as 3|, joined together by easily assembled joints which provide good heat insulation and seals, the

oven is conveniently handled and shipped for assembly at the place of use. Also, the elimination of angular wall sections not only makes the wall sections convenientfor handling and shipment, but also provides strong and durable corner struc-' tures by'having substantially rigid and reinforced joints at the corners. The use of-the channel members 62 in the joints between the wall sections 3i provides spaces between the wall sections for heat'insuiating and sealing materials and lends strength and rigidity to the wall structure. Each joint of our. oven tightly clamps adjacent wall sections so that additional bracing and holding members are unnecessary to provide ample strength. I The wall sections 3!, particularly those of the type shown in Fig. 3, have low thermal capacity because of the heat insulation between the metal panels 54 and 55 and because of the reduction of metal to metal contact between the panels 54 and 55. The tight sealing of the joints and the in- 1 clusion of heat insulating material therein effects good thermal efliciency at the joints.

Having thus illustrated and described the nature and preferred embodiment of our invention,

what .we claim and desire to secure by.United States Letters Patent is as follows:

1. In an oven. the combination comprising a I vertically disposed heat insulating wall section and a horizontally disposed section adapted to be joined together with the end of the horizontal wall section resting over a portion of the .top edge of the vertical wall section, said wall sections having ends and side surfaces,

a cover plate having an intermediate portion angularly disposed with respect to each of the side surfaces and portions and a portion substantially parallel to and engaging the side surface of both the horizontal and the, vertical wall section, a

'- channel member'having a surface substantially insulating material, such as H6, which are secured in.the channel members, such as H, and backed by those channel members so that resilient surfaces, such as I ll, of the strips, such as H5, face the inner. surface of the door. The door preferably has sheet metal panels H3 and H9 with insulating material I20 substantially filling movement relative to the said wall sections, and means for securing the cover plate to the channel the space between those'panels. The panels H8 and H! are preferably folded togetherfas at I2l,

parallel to said intermediate portion of the cover plate and a portion engaging the edge and one surface of the horizontal wall section and the edge and one surface of the vertical wall section adapted 'to secure the channel member against member. Y

2'. In an oven,the combination comprising angularly disposed heat insulating wall sections to provide ribs 'or flanges integral with the door and adjacent a shoulder I22. -The ribs or flanges |2I engage the surfaces, such as H 'I, of the resilient strips, such as H5, and compress a portion of those strips as the doors are closed to provide the primary seals between the doors and door frames, and subsequently the secondary seal H0 comes into place to insure a more effective gas and heatproof seal. Of course, a joint such as described between a movable doorand a stationary door frame may, should it be desired to close an-opening with two-sectioned or double doors, be used merely by utilizing strips similar to H0 and H5 at the joint between the double doors.

From the foregoing description, that our oven structure is adaptable to uses such as the smoking and treatment of meat-where a temperature changes are .required, or to the baking of products, a good heat insulating and gas-leakage proof structure is important. It is also apparent that by having the walls made up of flat sections,

desirable and .quick adapted to be joined together and having ends and side surfaces, the side surface of one wall section overlapping the end of the other wall section,

a cover plate having an intermediate portion angularly disposed with respect to each of the side surfaces of the overlapping wall sections and outer portions substantially parallel to and en.-

gaging the side surfaces, a channel member hav- 'ing surfaces substantially parallel to the/intermediate portion of the cover plate and surfaces engaging the ends of the wall sections, said channel member having a flange engaging theside surface of one of the wall. sections opposite the surface engaged by the cover plate and having an it is apparent chemicals or finishes where such .7

extension engaging the side surface of the other wall section opposite the surface engaged by the cover plate, and means for securing the channel member and cover plate together to clamp the wall sections between the coverplate and said flange and extension. a

- j GEORGE F. HAUF.

JAMES J. EGAN.

heat insulating wall

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