US2398956A - Device for combing warp threads and tightening the weft thread in a circular weavingloom - Google Patents

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H. PELCE DEVICE FOR COMBING WARP THREADS AND TIGHTENING April 23, 1946.

THE WEFT THREAD IN A CIRCULAR WEAVINGILOOM Fi led Feb. 14, 1945 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Apnl 23, 1946. H. PELCE 2,398,956

DEVI-3E FOR GOMBING WARP THREADS AND TIGHTENING THE WEFT THREAD IN A CIRCULAR wEAvmcT LOOM Filed Feb. 14, 1945 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Apr. 23, 1946 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE DEVICE FOR COMBING WARP THREADS AND TIGHTENING THE WEFT THREAD IN A CIRCULAR WEAVING LOOM Henri Pelc, Paris, France, assi'gnor to Saint Freres (Societ Anonyme), Paris, France Application February 14, 1945, Serial No. 577,916 In France February 14, 1942 Claims.

' manufacturing a cloth of regular composition and of good aspect, even with irregular or fluffy threads or having a tendency to curl up.

It is known that these defects frequently determine irregularities in the even spacing of the warp threads at the place where the weft thread is inserted in the bottom of the shed, and this particularly in circular weaving looms in which the weft thread is inserted by means of horns or rollers rigid with the shuttle and taking a bearing on the weft thread at the place where it isinserted.

According to the present invention, the combing and even spacing of the warp threads as well as the tightening of the weft threads are ensured by loosely rotating wheels, peripherally provided with teeth or points, mounted outside the shed at the rear of each shuttle and rolling on the layers formed when the shed is closed by the warp threads, with their teeth or points engaged between said threads. Said wheels have a circular movement of translation with an angular speed equal to that of the shuttle which precedes them. Their axis of rotation is arranged obliquely relatively to the direction of the warp threads so that the mean plane of said wheels is tangent to the well of the loom, at a point located behind the point where the weft thread is inserted. Each of the wheels, by rolling on the warp threads, causes them to be thereby subjected to a combing action directed from the exterior towards the interior. By arranging said wheels one behind the other so that they partly overlap and that the points of the last one are very near the well of the loom, an uninterrupted combing of the warp threads can be obtained. On any length which is a function of the number of wheels and of their inclination relatively to the threads, the combing thus obtained i most efiicient, moreover the passage of the threads from one wheel to the next, and the vibrations to which said threads are subjected which result therefrom have a particularly favorable effect on their even spacing. As regards the weft thread which is placed in front of the first roller immediately following the shut tle, it successively encounters the points of the wheels which gradually push it up to the bottom direction of the well I5.

of the shed where it is'tightened when the shed is closed, then looked when the shed opens after beating.

The combing action of the warp threads has also the effect of setting, parallel to the warp threads, the fibrils of the fiuffy threads, as well as the particles of certain threads, such as the ends of knots, spinning ties, which are sometimes drawn along after the shuttle. The device according to the invention thus ensures a perfect crossing of the shed up to the point where the weft is inserted.

The device according to the invention has moreover the effect of tightening on the well the flowing ends of broken warp threads and of thereby preventing said flowing ends from being the cause of entanglements and accidents.

The accompanying drawings given by way of example illustrate an embodiment of the device according to the invention.

Fig. 1 is a plan view.

Fig. 2 is a developed view thereof in side elevation, seen from the centre of the loom.

Fig. 3 is a radial section of the loom.

The loom illustrated by way of example is of the type in which the shuttle I is propelled by means of a pushing roller 2 having a circular movement of translation about its aXis so as to roll on the layers of warp threads. Said roller 2 pushes before it another roller 3, loosely mounted on the rear of the shuttle I. The shoe 4 of the latter is guided by a sliding track formed by a ring of platens 5 which constitute with upper and lower rings 6 and 1 a kind of guide of dove-tail shape in which the shuttle shoe is correctly held. The pushing roller 2 is rotatively mounted on a support 8 placed on a rotating plate 9, actuated by the mechanism of the loom; the rotation of the pushing roller is produced from a fixed toothed crown wheel H], in engagement with a pinion H connected to the roller 2 by a transmission device, not shown.

Fig. 3 shows the warp threads !2 and I3 in a position adjacent to the mean beating plane of the sheds, just after the passage of a shuttle.

On the support 8 is secured an arm M which extends towards the side opposed to that ofthe pushing roller 2 and which is obliquely set in the Said arm supports a series of fixed spindles I6 obliquely set relatively to the warp threads l2 and I3 and on which are freely mounted wheels I1, l8 and I9 peripherally provided with points 20. The inclination of the plane of the wheels 11, I 8, I9 is so chosen that their mean plane is tangent to the well at a point located behind the point where the weft thread 2! is inserted in the bottom of the shed. Said wheels are moreover aligned so that they'partly overlap at their peripheral edges and thus form at their ypper part an uninterrupted bearing surface. Finally, the height of the spindles is so chosen that the points 29 of the upper edge of the wheels can come in engagement with the Warp threads when the latter are in a position adjacent the mean beating plane of the sheds. Said height of the spindles i5 preferably decreases from the first wheel I! to the last one I 9, so that said last wheel does not hinder the even spacing of the warp threads adjusted by the first wheels l7, l8 and the passage of the warp threads from each wheel to the next one.

Owing to the fact that the wheels l7, l8, [9 follow the circular movement of translation of their common support, the warp threads, when leaving the rear nose of the preceding shuttle, bear against the upper edge of the wheels, between the points, and cause them to rotate by passing one on the other up to the last one, the points of which are very close to the well of the loom. But, owing to the inclination of the wheels, the points of the upper edge also move from the exterior towards the interior, of the machine during the rotation, and consequently slide along the warp threads which are thus combed.

In the arrangement illustrated, said combing is only eifected on a portion of the length of the warp threads during their travel between the platens 5 and the well i5. But it is to be understood that the combing might be effected throughout the zone located between the platens 5 and the well 15. It sufiices for that purpose to arrange one or several rows of wheels H, l8 19 in sufiicient number for the two extreme wheels to be respectively adjacent to the well and to the ring of platens 5. The warp threads would thus be combed throughout their length, located between the Well and the ring of platens.

It will be easily seen that the Weft thread 22, inserted in the shed in front of the points of the first wheel I! following the shuttle, is successively pushed back by all the points of the upper edge of the wheels H, l8, 19 up to the bottom of the shed.

Considering that the space between the Warp threads progressivel diminishes from the exterior towards the interior in the zone located between the ring of platens 5 and the Well 15, the space separating the points is successively reduced from one wheel to the other, in proportion as said wheels approach the well.

Said points are moreover suitably inclined in the direction opposed to the direction of rotation of the wheels so as to facilitate the disengagement of the warp threads when they pass over the successive wheels and when they are abandoned by the last of said wheels.

Another advantage of the device according to the invention resides in the fact that the points of the wheels H, I8, l9 catch on to the warp threads which have been moved out of their normal beating plane by the passage of the shuttle. Said threads are then suddenly abandoned by the points and begin to vibrate. The vibration has the eifect of causing them to return to their normal place.

Another interesting particularity described hereinafter concurs in imparting to the Warp threads a very even spacing. Considering the intervals between the successive points of all the wheels, it will be noted, when the loom is operating, that said intervals do not all receive the same number of warp threads. Considering for instance the edge of the first roller in engagement with the warp threads in a well defined region of the latter, it will be noted that said threads are taken in any order, one, two or three or even more at a time in the successive intervals between the points. This order changes when the same threads are picked by the second roller. It changes again when passing over the third roller, etc.

Upon the next passage of the rollers, and for the same zone considered, a different picking takes place always in any order. Consequently at the end of a certain number of passages it can be said that all the threads have been individually and very efficiently combed.

From this succession of irregular pickings of the warp threads moreover results a succession of slight displacements of the threads on either side of their radial beating plane, and this effect, in addition to the vibratory eifect also produced, contributes in imparting to the fabric a very regular aspect, and this whatever may be the count of warp threads.

Without departing from the principle of the invention, the form and arrangements of the various members can of course be modified at will and adapted to the various types of circular weaving looms.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a device for combing and even spacing warp threads and for tightening the weft thread in the bottom of the shed of a circular weaving loom, a shuttle, a row of loosely rotating wheels provided with points, having a circular movement of translation with an angular speed equal to that of the shuttle, mounted outside the shed behind the shuttle and rolling on the layers formed when the shed is closed by the warp threads, with their points engaged between said threads, the mean plane of said wheels being tangent to the well of the loom at a point located behind the place where the weft thread is inserted and the points of the wheel farthest from the shuttle being immediately adjacent said well.

2. In a device as claimed in claim 1, wheels mounted in such a manner that they partly overlap laterally so that their upper edges form, for the weft thread, an uninterrupted bearing surface from the first Wheel to the last one.

3. In a device as claimed in claim 1, wheels the points of which have intervals decreasing from the first wheel following the shuttle up to the last one, adjacent the well.

4. In a device according to claim 1, wheels the spindles of which are at heights decreasing from the first Wheel to the last one.

5. In a device according toclaim 1, wheels the points of which are suitably inclined radially, in the direction reverse to the direction of rotationofsaid wheels.

HENRI PELCE.

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