US2381006A - Heat exchange device - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 7, 1945. N. A.- SCOTT, JR 2,381,006

HEAT EXCHANQE DEVICE Filed 001:. 30, 1941 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Aug. 7, 1945. -N. A. SCOTT. JR

HEAT EXCHANGE DEVICE Filed Oct. 50, 1941 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 O oooooooownoooooco occowooooo ooooooJnoooonoaoooooomroooo v ocoooooocboogoooodoccno oaooonmoooouuoowboooooao 0 coon 00383 3333330 INVENTOR #016675 A. Scorz J22.

taken on the line 44 of Fig. 1.

Peterited'l Aug... '3, 1%45 2,3l,ti%

HEAT EKCWANGE 'BEVEGE Norris A. Scott, Jim, Mountain Hashes, N. to esscr to Foster Wheeler @crporsticn, New

iiorh, N. Y2K, a. corporation oiNew York Application (fictober 30, 19%, Serial No. M7379 s maims. (oi. 'i--32) This invention relates to heat exchange devices and more particularly pertains to heaters employed to preheat water or other fluid to be fed to e. vapor generator by heat transferred from the steam or other condensible fluid introduced into gree of emciency since the condensate Withdrawn therefrom contains a high degree of heat. v

The present invention provides an improved method of transferring heat and improved heat exchange apparatus in which fluid is heated by passing it in indirect heat exchange relationship with a condensible vapor and a maximum amount of heat is transferred from the vapor to the fluid. The invention also provides an apparatus and method by means of which the fluid fed to a vapor generator is preheated by passing lt'in indirect heat exchange relationship with a condensible vapor and the condensate from the fluid heating section of the apparatus is passed through aseparate condensate cooling zone in the upparatus.

The invention also provides an apparatus for heating fluid by heat transfer wherein the fluid carrying tubes may expand and contract without damage to the apparatus.

The features and advantages which characterlze the invention will be apparent from the following description when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings forming a part thereof and in which:

cover it which is held in a closed position by any desirable means and is tightly sealed by a. gasket 82'. At the bottom thereof the shell ill has a flange it with a circular projection-it thereon adapted to be received in a circular recess is in a flange it on a cylindrical adapter piece ii. The flanges are held together by bolts or any other desirable means. A sealing gasket it is positioned between the flanges to form a seal therebetween. Extending transversely of the adapter piece 9? intermediate the opposite ends thereof is e partition iii forming a chamber 28 in communication with the cber El and a chamber 22 on the opposite side'of the partition. The chamber 22 is closed by a bottom.

plate 23 held in position by a retainin ring it adapted to be received in a recess in the adapter piece. Awatertlght seal is provided between the chamber 22 and the bottom piste through a sealins. diaphragm 25. A fluid inlet conduit 26, through which fluid to be hosted enters the heater, is in communication with the inlet chamher it, while an outlet conduit 2i is in communication with an outlet chamber 23 formed in the chamber 32 by partitions t9 separating the chambers 22 and itso that fluid cannot pass from one to the other.

Rolled into the partition 2t. and extending upwardly therefrom is a plurality of tubes tt, some of which tubes designated 38' are in communication with the outlet chamber. while other tubes designated 3b? are in communication with the inlet chamber. Supported-by the tubes at the top thereof is a. floating head 8i into-which the tubes are rolled. This head is recessed at 32 to receive a cover plate lthcld by a. retaining ring as tightly against a shoulder formed between the recess 32 and a smaller recess 36. A plate 3i resting on a shoulder in the recess '38 and spaced above the top or the tubes 88 forms a chamber is above the tubcsi-A sealing dia- Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view of one form of apparatus embodying the invention;'

the line 33 of Fig. 1, and

Fig. 4 is a, View similar to Figs. 2 and s, but

Like characters of reference refer to parts throughout the several views.

Referring to the drawings, reference character the same I0 designates a substantially vertically extendlns cyllndrical'shell or housing tormins a chamber ll therein and flanged at thetop to receive s. so ma the tubes "a phragm 39 is positioned between theplate and the cover plate 88 so as to seal the chamber 38 against leakage; The head 3lis of a slightly less diameter cm the diameter 01 the chamber II and is positioned in spacedrelationshlp to the cover I 2 so that the head mayhave vertical movement in t'hc'shcll ID with the expansionand contraction oi the tubes 80.

A-zroupof tubes Inc the cold water inlet "are enclosed in a shell "comprising a portltion ll between the tubes Ila and the tubes l0" and a segmental partition 40" spaced-from spaced through the cutout portions d! and 46.

thereto, the opposite sides of the segmental partition being secured to the partition 40 in a fluid tight manner. The partition 40' is fastened in a fluid tight manner. at the bottom to the partition 20 in the adapter piece and extends upwardly to a point short of the floating head. Another segmental partition 4 I, of a lesser radius than the segmental partition 40'', is fastened in a .fiuid tight manner at opposite sides to the partition 40 and encloses the tubes 30a from the partition 20 to which it is fastened in fluid tight relationship, upwardly to a point adjacent the flange IS. The partition H has a peripheral flange 42 which extends outwardly from the top of the partition M to the inner wall of the shell l against which it fits tightly. The segmental partition 40", which has a greater radius than the partition 49, is secured in fluid tight relationship to the flange 42 and extends upwardly 'from the flange to a point short of the fioating head 3|. With this construction, a cooling chamber 49 is formed. around the tubes 38a which cooling chamber is oi. a greater radius above the flange 52 than below said flange. In decreasing the radiusoi the chamber as below the flange 62 by means of partition 4|, 2. chamber 33 is formed between the outer periphery of the segmental partition 4| and the inner wall of the housing to which extends longitudinally of the housing between the partition 28 and the plate 62 and circumferentially of the partition M from the point of its connection at one side thereof to the partition to to the point oil its connection at the opposite side to the partition in. The chamber 43 is' in communication with the chambers 2i and H through a passagedt formed between the partition 40' and a partition 65 which extends between the tubes fill" and tubes 343 and from the partition 2b upwardly to a point a short distance therefrom. The partition 45 is connected to the partition db by a top piece 45'. The partition 45 has a passage as therein at one end thereof, while the partition 40' has a cut-out portion 4'1! therein adjacent the opposite end of the partition 45 and in communication with the chamber .43. The passage it is therefore in communication with the chamber 53 and chamber 2| respectively,

Condensate flowing through the passage M will be precooled by contact with the tubes at?" in this chamber I I.

passage before entering the chamber 63 since cool fiuid from the inlet 26 and chamber 22 flows through the tubes 39''.

"The segmental partition 48" togetherwith the partition All, is connected in sealed relationship to the floating head by means of a cylindrical expansion connection 48. In this manner, a sealed cooling chamber 49 is formed around the tubes 30a between the segmental partitionA B" and the partition which chamber is restrictedt'o a slight degree below the flange 42 by the segmental section 4| so as to a vent pipe 5| which extends from the expanslble connection 48 downwardly into the partition 20 and is vented to the atmosphere through a tube 5|.

The chamber ll has a vent 63 in order that said chamber will not become air bound.

Through riser tubes 50 the chamber 43 is in communication with the chamber 49, the riser tubes extending upwardly from the flange 42 to a point short 01' the bottom of the floating head 3|.

At the bottom, the chamber 49 is in communication with a condensate outlet conduit 52 which conduit extends through the housing In and chamber 43, the outlet conduit providing means by which condensate may be withdrawn from the chamber 49 without admixture with condensate in the chamber 43.

Preferably, a plurality of ballles'54 and 55 are used in chamber 49 for directing the flow of condensate therethrough and to-support the tubes 39a. The baffles 54. project substantially horizontally at spaced points from the segmental partition 4G"-to a point short of the partition 40', while bailies 55 project from the partition 463 and are vertically so spaced as to be substantially intermediate the bafiies 56.

A plurality of flow directing and tube supporting bafiles also are preferably used in the chamber II. The baiile 56, disposed substantially intermediate opposite ends of the shell It), extends transversely of the chamber II horizontally be tween the partition 49' and a point short of the inner wall of the shell Hi, the baflie being supported intermediate the partition and the wall by supports 51 disposed at opposite sides of the The chamber H has a vapor inlet conduit 58 in communication therewith adjacent the baille' 56, which has mounted thereon an impingement plate 59 adapted to deflect a stream of vapor from the vapor conduit 58 upwardly in the chamber II and also direct a stream of vapor'downwardly in the chamber. Positioned on opposite sides of the heme plate 55 and vertically spaced therefrom are bafile plates 50 which are fastened to vertically extending supports 51 and project therefrom horizontally toward the inner wall of the shell l0 substantially the same distance as the baiile 56.

Extending transversely of the chamber H from the supports 51 where they are connected by angles 56', to thepartition 40' are vertically spaced bafiles 6| which also bear a spaced relationship to bafiies 60. Any desired number of these baflles may be used. Bailles 62, which are vertically spaced from each other, extend horl-- zontally from the supports 51 to which they are attached at a point substantially intermediate the baffles 5| to the inner wall of the shell HI.

' The bames so, 5!, 62, baflie 56. and impingement plate 59 cause the vapor entering the chamber to pass upwardly and downwardly through the chamber in a tortuous path.

' the tubes 30" in the chamber .l I.

In operation, cool water, or other fluid to be heated, is passed into the chamber 22 through the inlet conduit 28 from which it is passed upwardly in the tubes 30a in the chamber 49, and The chamber 48 1s remote from the vapor inlet 58 and is sealed from the chamber II. From the tubes 30a and the fluid passes into the chamber 35 above the tubes and thence downwardly in the tubes 3 into-the outlet chamber 28, whence it flows through the outlet conduit 21 to a point of use.

In order that the fluid may be heated as it passes through the tubes 30, condensible vapor is passed into the chamber ll through the vapor inlet conduit 58 where it impinges on deflector plate 59 homes 50, 81 and 62. These baflles serve to support the tubes and to distribute the vapor so that it will flow over the tubes 30" and 30. the flow of vapor being countercurrentto the flow of fluid in the tubes 90' which are nearest the vapor inlet, and in the same direction as the flow of fluid in the tubes 30"which are remote from the vapor inlet. Condensate formed by contact of the vapor with the tubes flows downwardly over the bailles through the chamber I l and into the chamber 2| to the bottom thereofl Any uncond'ensed vapor is directed downwardly over thetubes by contact with the bottom of the the water level line L in Fig. 1 of the drawings,

so that steam will not pass from the chambers H and 2| into the chamber 43 and tubes 50,

thereby preventing hammering in the cooling section. The condensate so formed is forced by the pressure in the chambers II and 2|, caused by the pressure of the condensible vapor entering the chamber through the inlet 58,

through the passage 46 into the passage 44 and thence into the chamber 43 through the cut-out portion 41 in the partition 40'. As the condensate passes through the passage 44 it is precooled by contact with the ,tubes 3|" in said passage and through which cool fluid from the chamber 22 passes. The precooled condensate rises from the chamber 43 through the riser tubes' 50 and is discharged into the chamber 49 at the top thereof adjacent the floating head 3|. While the condensate is rising in the tubes 50 it is cooled further since the tubes 30a passing through the chamber 49 are cooled by cold fluid flowing through them; the tubes cooling the chamber 49 which is sealed from the vapor entering the chamber ll through the inlet 58. The con densate passing into the chamber 49 from the riser tubes 50 flows downwardly through the chamber over the battles 54 and 55 countercurrent to the flow of fluidin' the tubes 30a and is cooled by further contact with these tubes. The condensate passes to the bottom of the chamber 49 and thence outwardly through the outlet conduit 52. A

Thus, it will be perceived that the invention provides a fluid heater and a heat transfer method in which the vapor used for heating the fluid is condensed and the condensate thoroughly cooled through the provision of a separate cooling section in the heater or in the heating zone. The construction and arrangement of parts provides maximum 3 efliciency and will not be subject to lowering efliciency due to short circuiting or by-passing of steam or other vapo into the separate cooling section.

As used. herein 'and in the claims. the term vapor includes gas.

Although a preferred embodiment of the in-. vention is disclosed herein, it is to be under-- stood that changes may be made in the particular form and relative arrangement of the vari us parts of the apparatus described without departing fromithe principles of the invention. For

' example, the baflles may be arranged otherwise than as disclosed, or the baiiles maybe omitted if desired. Accordingly, the invention is not to be limited excepting by the scope of the appended axial expansion and contraction of the tubes, an'

inlet in the shell through which condensible fluid is supplied under pressure, a second group of tubes, partition means in the shell forming a 5 chamber around the second tube group and for separating the second tube group from the first tube group, said partition being fixedly mounted in fluid tight manner at one end thereof and extending to a point short of the movable tube sheet, an expansible member between the partition and the movable tube sheet, means for supplying a fluid to said second group of tubes for flow therethrough and then through the tubes ofthe first group, an outlet through which fluid passes after flowing through said first group of tubes, the condensate formed by. passage of the condensible fluid in heat exchange relationship with the tubes of the first group collecting at the lower end of said flrst group oftubes an upwardly extending tubular member in said chamber adapted .to.discharge int'o said chamber adjacent-the upper end thereof, enclosed passage means in communication with the condensate collected at the lower end of the first group of tubes and with the lower end of the upwardly extending tubular member through which tubular member condensate is forced upwardly by the pressure of the condensible fluid in the shell and is discharged thereinto to flow downwardly in heat exchange relationship with the tubes therein, and an outlet in the lower portion of the chamber through which condensate is withdrawn therefrom.

2. A heat exchanger comprising ashell having separated inlet and outlet chambers at the bottom thereof, ,an inlet through which a cooling fluid is admitted to the inlet chamber, an outlet through which heated fluid passes from the shell, 9. tube sheet forming a top for said chambers, a first group of substantially vertically extending tubes in the shell connected to said tube sheet a plurality of which are incommunication with the outlet chamber, an inlet in the shellthrough which condensible fluid under pressure is supplied, the condensate formed by passage of said fluid in heat exchange relationship with the tubes of the first tube group collecting at the lower end of said flrstgroup of tubes, a second group or substantially vertically extending tubes, said tubes being connected to the tube sheet and in communication with the inlet chamber and with the first tube group so that fluid flows from the second tube group into the first tube group, means in the shell forforming a condensate cooling chamber around said second group of tubes, an upwardly extending tubular member in the cooling chamber adjacent the tubes of said second group, partition means in the shell forming an enclosed passage in communication with the condensate collected at the lower end of said first group of tubes and through which condensate flows to the tubular member, the arrangement being such that the condensate is.forced upwardly in the tubular member'bypressure .oi' the I condensible fluid in the shell through at least part of the cooling chamber and discharged thereinto to pass downwardly in heat exchange relationship with the tubes therein, and an outlet in the lower portion of said cooling chamber through which condensate is withdrawn from said chamber. I

3. A heat exchanger comprising a shell having separated inlet and outlet chambers at the bottom thereof, an inlet through which a cooling fluid is admitted to the inlet chamber, an outlet in communication with the outlet chamber through which heated fiuid passes'trom the shell, a first group of substantially vertically extending tubes in the shell a plurality of which are in communication with the outlet chamber, an inlet in the shell through which condensible fluid under the condensible fluid in heatexchange relationship with the tubes of the first group collecting at the lower end of said first'group of 'tubes, a condensate cooling chamber around the second group of tubes, upwardly extending tubular members in the cooling chamber, partition means above the inlet chamber forming a passage through which tubes conducting cooling fluid from the inlet chamber pass, said passage bein in communication with the condensate collected at the end of said tubular first group of members, means for conducting the condensate from said passage above the inlet chamber to the inlet end of the upwardly extending tubular members, the outlet end of the tubular members discharging into the cooling chamber, the arrangement being such that the condensate is forced upwardly in the tubular members by pressure of the condensible fluid in the shell through at least part of the cooling chamber and discharged thereinto to pass downwardly in heat exchange relationship with the tubes therein, and an outlet in the lower portion of said cooling chamber through vbzhieh condensate is withdrawn from said cham- 4. A heat exchanger comprising a shell having separated inlet and outlet chambers at the bottom thereof, an inlet through which a cooling fluid is admitted to the inlet chamber, an outlet in communication with the outlet chamber through which-heated fluid passes from the shell, a first group of substantially vertically extending tubes in the shell, some of said tubes being in communication with the inlet chamber and other of the tubes, being in communication with the outlet chamber, an inlet in the shell through which condensible fluid under pressure is supplied, a second group of substantially vertically extending tubes in communication at one .end with the inlet chamber and with said tubes of the first tubeg'roup which are in communication with the outlet chamber, th condensate formed by passage of the condensible fluid in heat exchange relationship with .the tubes of, the first group collecting at the lower end 01' said first group of tubes, a condensate cooling chamber around the second group of tubes, upwardly extending tubular members in the cooling chamber, partition means in said condensate collecting means forming a, passage through which the tubes of the first tube group which are in communication with the inlet chamber pass, said passage being in communication with the condensate collected at the end or said first group of tubular members, and means for conducting the condensate from said passage above the inlet chamber to the inlet end of the upwardly extending tubular member, the outlet end of the tubular members discharging into the cooling chamber, the arrangement being such that the condensate is forced upwardly in the tubular members by pressure of the condensible fluid in the shell through at least part of the cooling chamber and dis-' charged thereinto to pass downwardly in heat I titioning means in the tube bank dividing it into 20 completely separated first and second laterally disposed tube groups, means for supplying a fluid to the inlet ends of the tubes of thebank ior flow therethrough and discharge at the outlet ends thereof, means for supplying a condensible fluid under pressure to the interior of the shell for contact with the tubes of the first tube group, the shell, tubes and associated parts being arranged and disposed so that condensate of the condensible fluid collects in a zone adjacent one end of the tube bank and adjacent the tubes of the first tube group, separate tubular members disposed in the shell adjacent to and at the same side of the partitioning means as the tubes of the second tube group and substantially parallel thereto,

said separate tubular members extending to a' point adjacent the opposite end of the tube bank of the second tube group, conduit means connecting the zone adjacent said one end of the first tube group with the corresponding ends of said separate tubular members, the pressure of the condensible fiuid causing the collected condensate to fiow through said separate tubular members to said opposite end portion of the second tube .group, and means providing an outlet for the condensate from the shell adjacent said one end of the tube bank and adjacent the tubes ot the second tube group, whereby the condensate is caused to fiow in contact with those portions of the tubes of the second tube group extending intermediate said opposite end and said one end of the tube bank.

6. A heat exchanger comprising a shell, a bank of substantially vertically extending tubes in the shell, longitudinally extending partitioning means.

in the tube bank dividing it into completely separated first and second laterally disposed tube groups, means for supplying a fluid to the inlet ends of the tubes of the bank for flow therethroughand discharge at the outlet ends thereoi, meansfor supplying a condensible fluid under pressure to the interior of the shell for contact with the tubes of the first tube group, the shell, tubes and associated parts being arranged and disposed so that condensate oi the condensible fluid collects in a zone adjacent the lower end of the tube bank and adjacent the tubes of the first tube group, separate tubular members disposed in the shell adjacent to the tubes of the second tube group and at the same side of the partitionlower end of the first tube group with the correspending ends of said separate tubular members, the pressure of the condensible fluid causing the collected condensate to flow through said sep-.

of the second tube group, and means providing an outlet for the condensate from the shell adjacent the lower end of the tube bank and adjacent the tubes of the second tube group, whereby the condensate is caused to flow in contact with those portions of the tubes of the second tube group extending intermediate said upper end and the lower end of the tube bank.

7. A heat exchanger comprising a shell, a bank of tubes in the shell, longitudinally extending partitioning means in the tube bank dividing it into completely separated first and second laterally disposed tube groups, the tubes of the first and second tube groups being in communication, means for supplying a cooling fluid to the tubes of the second tube group for flow therethrough and then through the tubes of the first group, means for supplying a condensible fluid under pressure to the interior of the shell for contact with the tubes of the first tube group, the shell, tubes and associated parts being arranged and disposed so that condensate of the condensible fluid collects in a zone adjacent one end oi' the tube bank and adjacent the tubes of the first tube group, separate tubular members disposed in the shell adjacent to and at the same side of the partitioning means as the tubes of the second tube group and substantially parallel thereto, said separate tubular members extending to a point adjacent the opposite end of the tube bank of the second tube group, conduit means connecting the zone adjacent said one end or, the first tube group with the corresponding ends of said separate tubular'members, the pressure of the condensible fluid causing the collected condensate to flow through said separate tubular members to said opposite end portion or the second tube group, and means providing an outlet for the condensate from the shell adjacent said one end of the tube bank and adjacent the tubes 01' the second tube arate tubularjmembers to said upper end portion I group, whereby the condensate is caused to flow in contact with those portions 01' the tubes of the; second tube group extending intermediate said opposite end and said one end of the tube bank.

8. A heat exchanger comprising a shell, a bank of substantially vertically extending tubes in the shell, longitudinally extending partitioning means in the tube bank dividing it into completely separated first and second laterally disposed tube groups, the tubes of the first and second tube groups being in communication, means for supplying a cooling fluid to the tubes of the second tube group for flow therethrough and then through the tubes of the first group, means for supplying a condensible fiuid under pressure to the interior of the shell for contact with the tubes of the first tube group, the shell, tubes and associated parts being arranged and disposed so that condensate of the condensible fluid collects in a zone adjacent the lower end of the tube bani: and adjacent the tubes of the first tube group, separate tubular members disposed in the shell adjacent to the tubes of the second tube group and at the same side of the partitioning means as the second tube group and substantially parallel thereto, said separate tubular members extending to a point adjacent the upper end oi. the tube bank of the second tube group, conduit means connecting the zone adjacent said lower end of the first tube group with the corresponding ends of said separate tubular members, the pressure of the condensible fluid causing the collected condensate to now through said separate tubular members to said upper end portion of the second tube group, and means providing an outlet for the condensate from the shell adjacent the lower end of the tube bank and adjacent the tubes of the second tube group, whereby the condensate is caused to flowrin contact with those portions of the tubes of the second tube group extending intermediate said upper end and the lower end of the tubeba'nk.

NORRIS A. SCOTT. JR.

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