US2375648A - Means and method of constructing walls - Google Patents

Description

May 8, 1945. v. A. HAMILTON 7 2,375,643

MEANS AND METHOD OF GONSTRUCTING WALLS Filed July 20, 1942 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 v m-A.H4M//.Ta-

" INVENTQR.

" y 1945- v. A.HAM[LTON 3 5 MEANS AND METHOD OF CONSTRUCTING WALLS Filed July'20, 1942 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 I/A/V Amu l uow f 6 INVENTOR. BY .t e

Patented May 8, 1945 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE r 2,375,648 I'MEANS AND METHOD OF CONSTRUCTING i i L ALLS van A. Hamilton, Palestine; Tel. Application July- 20, 1942, Serial No 451,531

4 Claims.

This invention relates to the construction of concrete walls. More particularly theinvention comprehends the production of a wall of cementi-j tious material by the'utilization of an improved form whereby there is cast a series of superposed beams to produce a monolithicwall structure;

The primary object of the invention is to provide method and apparatus for constructing concrete walls in an inexpensive and expeditious mannerfl Anotherobject is to provide means and method whereby rapid and accurate alinement of successively cast portions of awall will be effected.

A further object is to provide a method of construction in whichthe precast portion of awall serves asan alining support for the additionof a successiveportion.

A still further object is to provide aform which includes a transverse spacer proximate its upper edge to serve the dual function of providing the proper wall thickness and providing a transverse surface groove in the cementitious material cast therein, such groove serving to lock spacer lugs for subsequent positioning of the form thereabove.

Still another object of the invention is to cast a concrete wall in superposed sections with successive sections thereof in accurate alinement.

Another object is. to cast a concrete wall in superposed sections with desired openings blocked out during the casting operations.

The foregoing objects together with additional objects will be more fully-apparent from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings in-which:

Fig. 1 is a transverse sectional view in elevation through a cast beam portion of a wall showing the form positioned to receive a quantity of material to form the successive beam portion of a wall; i i i Fig. 2 is a sectional plan view through the form used in practicing the invention and showing the relative position of parts preliminary to the pouring of concrete therein;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken on the line 3-3 after cement has been poured within the form, and also shows the manner of providing transverse grooves on a starter wall or grade beam;

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of one form of lug used in accordance with the invention;

- Fig. 5 is a plan view showing a corner construction of the form used in the practice of the inven- I tion;

Fig. 6 is a sectional view through a wall showing the manner of disposing of the. ties embedded in the cast concrete.

V Whiletheword, fconcrete. is used in the present disclosure of the invention, it isto be understood that the invention pertains to the production ofQwall structures from any cementitious material, and also coinprehends the utilization of reinforcement members,such as steel bars or rods, to enhance strength of the resultant monolithic structure.

In the practice of the invention it will be assumed that a starter wall or grade beam 1 (Fig; 3), is first cast, a filler strip 2 being utilized in connection with the cross ties 3 of the form used in casting such starter wall. The filler strips 2 serve the dual function of determining the width of theform and also provide transverse grooves 4 in the upper surface of the starter wall to serve the purpose that will presently appear. The spacerblock Zris shown as trapezoidalin cross section, such configuration vbeing used since the block may more readily beremoved after the cast concrete has set thereabout. It is to be underuse of spacer blocks having this cross sectional configuration since other configurations may be used, the principal requisite being that the spacer blocks be removable so that a transverse groove is provided in the upper surface of the concrete cast within the form in which the spacer block is used. i

The wall that is constructed upon the starter wall l is cast in a series of horizontally extending superposed beams, The following decription applies to the casting of any of these beam porl tions which are castinsuccession, each portion being preferablyconstructed upon the preceding portionas soon as practicable after the cementitious material of the preceding portion has set... In. orderto cast a .beam portion upon the starter wall or upon a precast beam portion, a plurality of lugs 1, preferably of wood, are provided. to servein accurately locating the side members l5 and I6 of the form relative to the precast portion of the wall. Each of these lugs 1 comprises a body portion 8 and an inner pro J'ection or pilot 9which is of the same configura tion and which extends into the end of one of the grooves 4 as the face It on the body 8 engages the outer surface of the precast portion of the wall. The body portion 8 is preferably, though not necessarily, of the same thickness as theform members I5 andlfi'.

The mg 1 also includes a rectangular leg ll which extends outwardly from the body in a direction opposite from the direction of the pro-, jectionfl.

L The entire lug groove [2 in its bers. The tie then passes through the transverse groove 4 and its opposite end is engaged by the hook IS on the bolt so that the nut and washer 2| at the outer end thereof engage the outer surface of the lug II). .By means-of this construction tightening" of the bolt will cause the lugs l to tightly engage the sides of the precast portion of the wall. The projection or pilot 9 is instrumental in efiecting accurate location of the lugs After the lugs have been positioned along a precast portion of the' wall to which an addiconcrete. It is also to be understood that spacers 2 at the upper edge of the form are instrumental in providing transverse grooves for use in the casting of a superposed beam portion upon and [Band thenut and'washe'r' assembly 2| may be removed whereby the lugs- 1 and the keepers 25, as well as the side members 15 and 16, can be removed for assembly at a new location. The

tional beam portion is to be added and-with the upper surfaces of such lugs proximate or slightly below the upper surface of the precast portion,

the members l5 and I6 are positioned onedgei uponthe body portions 8 of the lugs on the respective sides of the wall. Inverted til-shaped keepers ar'e'then placed over the legs 'I I ofthe lugsand extend'upwa'rdly a short distance therefrom. Each of these keepers has a transverse opening 26 adapted to move into alinement with a like opening in the leg ll'and such alinedopenings are adapted to receive a pin or hall 21 so that the form members I5 and It will be accuratelyand rigidly held in desired position above the pr'ecast portion of the wall.

The upper portion of the members l5 and [6 are held in desired spaced position by means of spacers 2 against which the members l5 and [6.

are clamped'by means of a U-shaped" clamp member 28 having wing screws 29 at its opposite ends so that bearing angles 30 will apply desired inwardpressure'to hold the form in position.

A novel feature of my form structure is also to. be found in the manner of constructing the corner portion of a wall, as illustrated in Fig. 5. In this construction it is to be noted that the outer portion of the form is made up of members i and 36 which are interconnected at right angles by means of an angle iron 31. This compositestructure is attached to adjacent members [5 by means of 'complementar-y flanges 38 secured together by means of bolts 39. It seems apparent that this assembly may be readilycompleted or-dismantled whereby construction operationsare facilitated,

The inner portionof the corner form is con structed-in a manner that such portion is easily removable after the cast cementha's set. Membersl6, like the members I5, are provided with flanges 38. However, the composite corner structure comprising members 35' and'3fi are foreshortened and acute angles 40 are attached thereto so that the ends of the members Hand Thereafter, the ends of the tie Il may be curved inwardly and filled with cementitious material whereby the'outer surface of. the wall isformed into a'continuous plane surface. The filling of the indentations 44 is effected before the concrete has completelycured and hence the filling material adheres to the walls of theindentations and the outer ends of the tie I! as well, and'there i's'provided" a smooth, continuous surface'on' each side" of the wall that is produced in accordance with the invention. f

The construction and practice of the inven tion 'is believed apparent from the foregoing description. By way of summary, it will be as sumed that the precast portion of a wall, such as a starter wall or the superposed beam portion I, has'been cast with transverse grooves '4 at spaced intervals on its upper surface. A pair of lugs l are then placed with their pilot projections 9' in the ends of each of these grooves and the tie IT is placed within the grooves I2. A pin, or nail, l8' is passed through one end of the tie IT and a hook IQ of the bolt 2-0 is engaged with the opposite end of the tie. Thenut 2-! is then tightened so thatthe faces ID of the lugs 1 are drawn into engagement with the outer faces of the precast portion of the wall.

Form members l5- and i6 may have been .previously clamped together by means of clamp members 28 and spacers 2 and such clamping may be effected after these form members are placedon edge upon the body portions 8 of the lugs 11 at the respectivesides of the precast-Wall portion. The keepers 25'may be placed in position either before or afterthe-members I5 and it are located upon the lugs l. In any event, such keepers are retained in place by means of the pins or nails 21 passing through these keepers and the legs ll. of the lugs. It is to be understood that the nuts 2lmay be, if desired,

35' are in spaced relation. A-filler block 4|is provided witha tapered surfacev 42 at its inner end and has an opening therethrough so that the bolt 43- may be passed through the flange members 38 and 40 when the inner end of the filler block is substantially coplanar with the inner faces of the members It and 35. This structure is such that the filler block 4| may be loosened so that a given mg or lugs may-be shifted slightly to perfect alinement.

If the corner construction shown in Fig; 5' is to be used, the foregoing procedure is followed with the ends o-f'members' l5so located atopposite sideso'f the corner'that the fianges'38on' the members l5 and on the corner members 35'- and 36 come into mating relation and are secured together by thebolts- 39.- The inner corner members 35' and 3 6' likewise are located in abutting relation with'the respective form members l6. Filler'blocks A l are positioned in the'gaps'fo'rmed by the juxtaposed flange members s'fl and- Ml, whereupon the componentparts of the-corner assembly are secured together by means of bolts After the form has been filled'with cementitious material and such material has set, the

form' may be removed and the operation repeated. When the lugs 1 have been removed, the-Outer ends of the ties Il may be dfbrmed.

and forced into the depressions 44 left by the pilot ends 9 of the lugs. These depressions are then filled with cement wherebythere is provided a continuous and smooth wall surface.

t seems apparent that where openings such as doors, windows, etc. are to be provided, suitable frames may be inserted between the form sides at proper locations andconcrete is cast thereagainst so that such framesbecome an integral part of the completed wall.

Broadly, the invention comprehends a novel method and apparatus for the construction of concretewalls at a minimum of expense and in an expeditious manner.

What is claimed is:

1. In the method of constructing walls of cementitious material, the steps of, casting a tions of a wall, said form comprising, side mem-,

- spacer is adapted to form a transverse groove started wall or grade beam with transverse grooves in theupper surface thereof, securing form members above said started wall, locating said members by inserting lug members into said grooves, interconnecting said lugs by a tie rod, filling said grooves and form, removing said forms and lugs while allowing the tie rod to remain, and thereafterfilling the openings produced by the lugs at the ends of the grooves. 2. A form for casting superposed beam portions of a. wall, said form comprising, side members.

a spacer interposed between said members at their upper edges, means for clamping said members to said spacer whereby the members are held in predetermined spacedrelation and the spacer is adapted to form a transverse groove in the upper surface of the material cast within the mentioned means including a pair of lugs adapted to he fitted into a groove in the upper surface of the previously cast portion, an interconnecting tie for holding such lugs in engagement with said precast portion of the, wall, said lugs being engageable by said side members whereby such members are held in alinement with the precast portion of the wall by said lugs. 3. A form for casting superposed beam porhers, a spacer interposed between said members at their upper edges, means for clamping said members tosaid spacer whereby the members are held in predetermined spaced relation and the in the material cast within the form, a tie extending transversely of the side members proximate the lower edge thereof, lugs engageable with the outer surfaces of said side members, said tie passing through said lugs, and adjustable means engageable with the opposite ends of the tie and the outer ends of the lugs for holding the lugs in engagement with a precast portion of the wall. 4. A lug member for securing a form. upon a precast portion of a wall comprising, a body porform, meansfor holding said members in alinement with a precast portion of the wall, said last

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